Alcohol Dependence malady

Wikipedia: Alcohol dependence is a substance related disorder in which an individual is addicted to alcohol either...⁴⁴ more...

MalaCards: Alcohol Dependence, also known as alcoholic intoxication, chronic, is related to alcoholism and personality disorder. An important gene associated with Alcohol Dependence is ADH1C (alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (class I), gamma polypeptide), and among its related pathways are Cyclophosphamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics and Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis. The drugs chlordiazepoxide and citalopram hydrobromide and the compounds glucose and diazepam have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, cortex and cerebellum, and related mouse phenotypes are endocrine/exocrine gland and taste/olfaction.

OMIM: 103780

Aliases & Descriptions:

alcohol dependence 6 33 alcoholic intoxication, chronic 43

Diseases related to alcohol dependence by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 736)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	alcoholism	42.0	CNR1, CHRM2, LBR, FYN, GRIN1, GRIN2A
2	personality disorder	32.4	MAOA, MAOB, HTR1B, TPH1, TPH2, DRD2
3	fetal alcohol spectrum disorder	32.1	BDNF, ALDH9A1, CREB1, ADH6
4	drug dependence	32.1	NCAM1, CNR1, BDNF, CHRM2, MMP9, ANKK1
5	attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	31.4	BDNF, MAOA, HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C, DRD1
6	schizophrenia	30.8	MTHFR, HTR2A, DRD3, COMT
7	cocaine dependence	30.6	CNR1, ANKK1, MAOB, HTR2C, HOMER1, HOMER2
8	hepatitis	30.3	GPT, ALB, GLUD1, CYP2E1, HFE, TGFB1
9	antisocial personality disorder	30.0	MAOA, MAOB, HTR1B, HTR2A, ALDH2, DRD2
10	alcohol abuse	29.9	AVP, MMP9, ANKK1, GPT, HTR1B, HTR2A
11	myoclonus	29.9	SGCE, HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR2C, DRD2, DRD3
12	myoclonus-dystonia	29.7	SGCE, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4
13	conduct disorder	29.7	GRIN1, MAOA, IGF1, ALDH2, TPH1, DRD2
14	tourette syndrome	28.7	SGCE, CNR1, BDNF, IL1B, IL1RN, MAOA
15	liver cirrhosis	28.6	NCAM1, REN, CNR1, SERPINA7, AVP, MAOA
16	alcoholic liver cirrhosis	28.6	GPT, ALB, ALDH2, ALDH9A1, CAT, AKR1A1
17	adhd	28.5	CNR1, BDNF, S100B, CDH13, GRIN1, GRIN2A
18	was-related disorders	27.9	REN, CNR1, SERPINA7, PAX6, BDNF, LEP
19	obsessive-compulsive disorder	27.8	SGCE, BDNF, CFI, GRIK3, GRIN1, GRIN2B
20	seizures	27.2	CNR1, PAX6, BDNF, KCNJ6, LBR, MTHFR
21	acne	25.6	LEP, MMP9, IL1A, IL1RN, IGF1, CAT
22	hemochromatosis	25.3	REN, S100B, IL6, GPT, IGF1, ALB
23	aldosteronism	24.9	REN, AVP, MMP9, GRM3, IL1A, IL1B
24	blindness	24.9	REN, CNR1, SERPINA7, PAX6, LEP, MTHFR
25	thyroiditis	22.5	NCAM1, REN, SERPINA7, KCNJ6, LEF1, LEP
26	obesity	21.7	REN, CNR1, PAX6, BDNF, LEP, UCN2
27	cholesterol	21.2	REN, SGMS2, CNR1, SERPINA7, BDNF, LEP
28	cerebritis	20.6	NCAM1, REN, CNR1, PAX6, BDNF, LEP
29	neuronitis	20.1	NCAM1, REN, CNR1, MYOZ2, PAX6, BDH2
30	prostatitis	19.2	NCAM1, SGCE, CNR1, NAP1L4, PAPSS1, PAX6
31	substance dependence	14.7	CNR1, BDNF, GRIK1, ANKK1, MAOA, HTR1B
32	nicotine dependence	14.7	NCAM1, CNR1, BDNF, KCNJ6, CHRNA6, ARRB2
33	heroin dependence	14.6	BDNF, MAOA, HTR1B, HTR2A, DRD2, DRD4
34	neurotic disorder	14.5	BDNF, MAOA, HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR3A, DRD2
35	tremor	14.4	SGCE, CNR1, MTHFR, CCK, HTR2A, HTR2C
36	pathological gambling	14.4	GRIN1, MAOA, MAOB, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3
37	drug addiction	14.4	BDNF, GRM5, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, NTS
38	generalized anxiety disorder	14.4	MAOA, CCKBR, HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR3A
39	fetal alcohol syndrome	14.4	GRIN2B, ALDH2, AKR1A1, SLC6A3, ADH1B, ADH1A
40	seasonal affective disorder	14.3	HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR2C, GNB3, TPH1, DRD4
41	schizoaffective disorder	14.3	CNR1, BDNF, MAOA, HTR1A, HTR2A, TPH1
42	neuroleptic malignant syndrome	14.3	ANKK1, GPT, HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR3A, DRD2
43	social phobia	14.2	MAOA, HTR1A, HTR3A, DRD2, COMT, SLC6A4
44	panic disorder	14.2	CCKBR, CCK, CCKAR, HTR1A, HTR3A, CRH
45	aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma	14.2	MAOA, MAOB, HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR3A, ESR1
46	amnestic disorder	14.2	HTR1A, HTR3A, PDYN, ACHE, OPRD1, OPRK1
47	essential tremor	14.2	MTHFR, TPH1, DRD3, SNCA, COMT, SLC6A3
48	manic-depressive illness	14.2	MAOA, MAOB, TPH1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4
49	substance abuse	14.1	CNR1, BDNF, MAOA, MAOB, GPT, IGF1
50	anxiety disorder	14.1	CNR1, BDNF, MAOA, MAOB, CCKBR, CCK

Clinical features from OMIM: 103780

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

Inferred drug relations via UMLS/NDF-RT:

^43 28 chlordiazepoxide, chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, citalopram, citalopram hydrobromide, naltrexone, naltrexone hydrochloride, ondansetron, ondansetron hydrochloride

MalaCards organs/tissues related to alcohol dependence:

²²

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to alcohol dependence:

²⁵ (show all 24)

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype	MP:0005379	11.0	KCNJ6, UCN3, GRM5, MANBA, CCKAR, HTR1B
2	taste/olfaction phenotype	MP:0005394	10.6	CNR1, PAX6, BDNF, FYN, TPH2, DRD2
3	renal/urinary system phenotype	MP:0005367	10.5	REN, PAX6, CHRM2, CFI, AVP, FYN
4	liver/biliary system phenotype	MP:0005370	10.5	SGMS2, CHRM2, UCN3, CENPE, IL6, MANBA
5	respiratory system phenotype	MP:0005388	10.5	SEC24B, PAX6, BDNF, CHRM2, ARRB2, TPH1
6	hematopoietic system phenotype	MP:0005397	10.4	MAD2L1, MANBA, AKR1A1, ERAP1, TET2, PITX2
7	integument phenotype	MP:0010771	10.3	CNR1, PAX6, BDNF, LEF1, CHRM2, LBR
8	immune system phenotype	MP:0005387	10.1	REN, SGCE, SGMS2, PAX6, UGT8, LBR
9	no phenotypic analysis	MP:0003012	9.6	CNR1, BDNF, LBR, MTHFR, FYN, GRIN1
10	digestive/alimentary phenotype	MP:0005381	9.3	PAX6, BDNF, LEP, LBR, MMP9, MANBA
11	reproductive system phenotype	MP:0005389	9.3	REN, PAX6, KCNJ6, LEF1, LEP, FYN
12	hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype	MP:0005377	9.2	SEC24B, PAX6, BDNF, GRIN1, IGF1, NTRK2
13	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	9.0	REN, CNR1, SEC24B, PAX6, BDNF, KCNJ6
14	normal phenotype	MP:0002873	8.7	REN, PAX6, BDNF, S100B, AVP, GRIK1
15	skeleton phenotype	MP:0005390	8.5	CNR1, LEF1, LEP, MTHFR, MMP9, IL6
16	growth/size phenotype	MP:0005378	8.5	REN, SGMS2, CNR1, SEC24B, PAX6, BDNF
17	adipose tissue phenotype	MP:0005375	8.1	SGMS2, CNR1, LEF1, LEP, LBR, FTO
18	vision/eye phenotype	MP:0005391	7.9	NCAM1, SEC24B, PAX6, BDNF, LEF1, LEP
19	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	7.9	NCAM1, REN, SGCE, CNR1, PAX6, BDNF
20	muscle phenotype	MP:0005369	7.8	REN, SGCE, MYOZ2, PAX6, KCNJ6, LEP
21	cellular phenotype	MP:0005384	7.3	NCAM1, SGCE, SGMS2, CNR1, PAX6, BDNF
22	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	7.1	REN, SGMS2, CNR1, MYOZ2, PAX6, BDNF
23	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	6.8	NCAM1, REN, CNR1, SEC24B, MYOZ2, PAX6
24	cardiovascular system phenotype	MP:0005385	6.7	REN, SGCE, SEC24B, MYOZ2, PAX6, LEF1

Articles related to alcohol dependence:

(show top 50)    (show all 319)

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	Orexin A expression and promoter methylation in patie nts with alcohol dependence comparing acute and protracted withdrawal. (21621370)	Bayerlein K.... Biermann T.	2011	HCRT
2	Genetic variation of the ghrelin signaling system in females with severe alcohol dependence. (20586762)	Landgren S.... Engel J.A.	2010	GHSR, GHRL
3	Glutamate dehydrogenase as a marker of alcohol depend ence. (19812241)	Kravos M.... Malesic I.	2010	GLUD1
4	Dopamine D2 receptor polymorphisms and susceptibility to alcohol dependence in Indian males: a preliminary study. (20146828)	Prasad P.... Vaswani M.	2010	DRD2
5	Association of ADH1B and ALDH2 gene polymorphisms with alcohol dependence: a pilot study from India. (19403456)	Vaswani M.... Kapur S.	2009	ALDH2, AKR1A1, ALDH9A1
6	Positron emission tomography imaging of the serotonin transporter and 5-HT(1A) receptor in alcohol dependence. (18962444)	Martinez D.... Abi-Dargham A.	2009	SLC6A4, HTR1A
7	Increased transforming growth factor-beta1 in alcohol dependence. (19794996)	Kim Y.K.... Choi I.G.	2009	TGFB1
8	Associations of glutamate decarboxylase genes with initial sensitivity and age-at-onset of alcohol dependence in the Irish Affected Sib Pair Study of Alcohol Dependence. (19111404)	Kuo P.H.... Riley B.P.	2009	GAD2, GAD1
9	Polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3/DAT1) and alcohol dependence in humans: a systematic review. (19450132)	van der Zwaluw C.S.... Scholte R.H.	2009	SLC6A3
10	Alcohol dependence and polymorphisms of serotonin-related genes: association studies. (18405071)	Mokrovic G.... Cicin-Sain L.	2008	MAOA, MAOB, TPH1
11	Meta-analysis of the association of the Taq1A polymorphism with the risk of alcohol dependency: a HuGE gene-disease association review. (17989061)	Smith L.... Foxcroft D.	2008	DRD2
12	Association of NFKB1, which encodes a subunit of the transcription factor NF-kappaB, with alcohol dependence. (18079108)	Edenberg H.J.... Foroud T.	2008	NFKB1
13	An evaluation of mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) as a predictor of naltrexone response in the treatment of alcohol dependence: results from the Combined Pharmacotherapies and Behavioral Interventions for Alcohol Dependence (COMBINE) study. (18250251)	Anton R.F.... Goldman D.	2008	OPRM1
14	Naltrexone alone and with sertraline for the treatment of alcohol dependence in Alaska natives and non-natives residing in rural settings: a randomized controlled trial. (18482155)	O'Malley S.S.... Goldman D.	2008	OPRM1
15	Association of ADH and ALDH genes with alcohol dependence in the Irish Affected Sib Pair Study of alcohol dependence (IASPSAD) sample. (18331377)	Kuo P.H.... Riley B.P.	2008	ALDH2, ALDH1A1, ADH5
16	Systematic analysis of glutamatergic neurotransmission genes in alcohol dependence and adolescent risky drinking behavior. (18606955)	Schumann G.... Mann K.	2008	GRIN1, GRIN2B, NOS1
17	Polymorphisms in the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) and the implications for alcohol dependence in humans. (17979515)	van der Zwaluw C.S.... Engels R.C.	2007	OPRM1
18	Neurexin 3 polymorphisms are associated with alcohol dependence and altered expression of specific isoforms. (17804423)	Hishimoto A.... Uhl G.R.	2007	NRXN3
19	Alcohol dependence is associated with the ZNF699 gene, a human locus related to Drosophila hangover, in the Irish Affected Sib Pair Study of Alcohol Dependence (IASPSAD) sample. (16940975)	Riley B.P.... Prescott C.A.	2006	ZNF699
20	New and traditional laboratory markers of alcohol abuse in hospitalized alcohol dependent men (17037822)	Chrostek L.... Korcz W.	2006	GGT1, SLC17A5
21	A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the monoamine oxidase A gene is associated with the cigarette smoking quantity in alcohol-dependent heavy smokers. (16763378)	Wiesbeck G.A.... Boening J.	2006	MAOA
22	Functional variant in a bitter-taste receptor (hTAS2R16) influences risk of alcohol dependence. (16385453)	Hinrichs A.L.... Goate A.M.	2006	TAS2R16
23	Influence of the serotonin transporter gene on comorbid disorders among alcohol-dependent individuals. (16691130)	Marques F.Z.... Bau C.H.	2006	SLC6A4
24	PHosphatidylethanol (PEth) concentrations in blood are correlated to reported alcohol intake in alcohol-dependent patients. (16624837)	Aradottir S.... Alling C.	2006	GGT1
25	Meta-analyses of ALDH2 and ADH1B with alcohol dependence in Asians. (16822169)	Luczak S.E.... Wall T.L.	2006	ALDH2, ADH1B
26	Increased tryptophan hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the dorsal raphe nucleus of alcohol-dependent, depressed suicide subjects is restricted to the dorsal subnucleus. (16596624)	Bonkale W.L.... Austin M.C.	2006	TPH1
27	Alcohol dependence and gene x environment interaction in emotion regulation: Is serotonin the link? (16288736)	Lesch K.P.	2005	SLC6A4
28	Association between dopamine receptor D3 gene BalI polymorphism and cognitive impulsiveness in alcohol-dependent men. (15935433)	Limosin F.... Gorwood P.	2005	DRD3
29	Biochemical measures in the diagnosis of alcohol dependence using discriminant analysis. (16272676)	Vaswani M.... Rao R.V.	2005	GGT1, SLC17A5
30	Hormone responses to social stress in abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects and social drinkers with no history of alcohol dependence. (16046867)	Munro C.A.... Wand G.S.	2005	POMC, PRL
31	Association of cholecystokinin-A receptor gene polymorphism with alcohol dependence in a Japanese population. (14691070)	Miyasaka K.... Funakoshi A.	2004	CCKAR, CCK
32	Relation of genotypes of alcohol metabolizing enzymes and mortality of liver diseases in patients with alcohol dependence. (15511718)	Chen C.C.... Yin S.J.	2004	ALDH2, ADH1B, ADH1C
33	Acamprosate in Korean alcohol-dependent patients: a multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. (12634260)	Namkoong K.... Lee E.	2003	GGT1, GPT
34	Association analysis of exonic variants of the GABA(B)-receptor gene and alpha electroencephalogram voltage in normal subjects and alcohol-dependent patients. (12645817)	Winterer G.... Sander T.	2003	GABBR1, GABRA1
35	Candidate genes for alcohol dependence: a review of genetic evidence from human studies. (12766633)	Dick D.M.... Foroud T.	2003	ALDH2, HTR2C, DRD2
36	Association of a polymorphism of the serotonin 1B receptor gene and alcohol dependence with inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase-2. (11956970)	Hasegawa Y.... Miyaoka H.	2002	ALDH2, HTR1B
37	Mutation analysis of the retinoid X receptor beta, nuclear-related receptor 1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha genes in schizophrenia and alcohol dependence: possible haplotype association of nuclear-related receptor 1 gene to alcohol dependence. (11840500)	Ishiguro H.... Arinami T.	2002	PPARG, PPARA, RXRB
38	Association study of novel human serotonin 5-HT(1B) polymorphisms with alcohol dependence in Taiwanese Han. (12022963)	Sun H.F.... Cheng A.T.	2002	HTR1B
39	Association of the gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor gene cluster with alcohol dependence in Taiwanese Han. (12232773)	Chang Y.T.... Cheng A.T.	2002	GABRB2, GABRG2, GABRA1
40	The genetics of addiction: alcohol-dependence and D3 dopamine receptor gene. (11762133)	Gorwood P.... Ades J.	2001	DRD3
41	Impulsive traits and 5-HT2A receptor promoter polymorphism in alcohol dependents: possible association but no influence of personality disorders. (11287798)	Preuss U.W.... Soyka M.	2001	HTR2A
42	Association between suicide attempts and 5-HTTLPR-S-allele in alcohol-dependent and control subjects: further evidence from a German alcohol-dependent inpatient sample. (11690601)	Preuss U.W.... Bondy B.	2001	SLC6A4
43	Five exon 1 variants of mu opioid receptor and vulnerability to alcohol dependence. (10949117)	Gscheidel N.... Samochowiec J.	2000	OPRM1
44	Human chromosomes 11p15 and 4p12 and alcohol dependence: possible association with the GABRB1 gene. (10490712)	Parsian A.... Zhang Z.H.	1999	TH, GABRB1, DRD4
45	Serotonin transporter gene variants in alcohol-dependent subjects with dissocial personality disorder. (9627746)	Sander T.... Schmidt L.G.	1998	SLC6A4
46	Meta-analysis of the effects of alcohol dehydrogenase genotype on alcohol dependence and alcoholic liver disease. (9373704)	Whitfield J.B.	1997	AKR1A1
47	Allelic association of a dopamine transporter gene polymorphism in alcohol dependence with withdrawal seizures or delirium. (9024952)	Sander T.... Schmidt L.G.	1997	SLC6A3
48	Long-term observation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in alcohol-dependent patients. (8831864)	Heinz A.... Schmidt L.G.	1996	SERPINA7
49	Response of dehydroepiandrosterone to corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation in alcohol-dependent subjects. (8959298)	Adinoff B.... Linnoila M.	1996	CRH
50	CYP2E1 and ALDH2 genotypes and alcohol dependence in Japanese. (7573775)	Iwahashi K.... Ichikawa Y.	1995	ALDH2, CYP2E1

Genes related to alcohol dependence according to GeneCards:

(show top 50)    (show all 247)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	ADH1C	alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (class I), gamma polypeptide	11.0	Publications
2	RCBTB1	regulator of chromosome condensation (RCC1) and BTB (POZ) domain containing protein 1	11.0
3	HTR2A	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2A, G protein-coupled	11.0	Publications
4	CHRNA6	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 6 (neuronal)	11.0	Summaries
5	SNORA54	small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 54	11.0	Publications
6	TRAM1L1	translocation associated membrane protein 1-like 1	11.0	Publications
7	C4orf3	chromosome 4 open reading frame 3	11.0	Publications
8	ADH1B	alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (class I), beta polypeptide	11.0	Publications
9	GABRA6	gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 6	11.0	Publications
10	ADH4	alcohol dehydrogenase 4 (class II), pi polypeptide	11.0	Publications
11	NEUROG2	neurogenin 2	11.0	Publications
12	PHLDA2	pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 2	11.0	Publications
13	ZNF699	zinc finger protein 699	11.0	Publications
14	ADH6	alcohol dehydrogenase 6 (class V)	11.0	Publications
15	TAS2R16	taste receptor, type 2, member 16	11.0	Publications
16	NEUROD2	neuronal differentiation 2	11.0	Publications
17	OSTC	oligosaccharyltransferase complex subunit	11.0	Publications
18	RRH	retinal pigment epithelium-derived rhodopsin homolog	11.0	Publications
19	METTL14	methyltransferase like 14	11.0	Publications
20	LRIT3	leucine-rich repeat, immunoglobulin-like and transmembrane domains 3	11.0	Publications
21	LARP7	La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 7	11.0	Publications
22	DNASE2B	deoxyribonuclease II beta	11.0	Publications
23	DUSP8	dual specificity phosphatase 8	11.0	Publications
24	GAR1	GAR1 ribonucleoprotein homolog (yeast)	11.0	Publications
25	CYP2U1	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily U, polypeptide 1	11.0	Publications
26	RPL34	ribosomal protein L34	11.0	Publications
27	TAGLN3	transgelin 3	11.0	Publications
28	ALDH2	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family (mitochondrial)	11.0	Publications
29	TIFA	TRAF-interacting protein with forkhead-associated domain	11.0	Publications
30	ADH1A	alcohol dehydrogenase 1A (class I), alpha polypeptide	11.0	Publications
31	CXXC4	CXXC finger protein 4	11.0	Publications
32	UCN2	urocortin 2	11.0	Publications
33	ANKK1	ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1	11.0	Publications
34	AGXT2L1	alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2-like 1	11.0	Publications
35	KIAA0040	KIAA0040	11.0	Publications
36	ID4	inhibitor of DNA binding 4, dominant negative helix-loop-helix protein	11.0	Publications
37	ADH7	alcohol dehydrogenase 7 (class IV), mu or sigma polypeptide	11.0	Publications
38	HTR1B	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B, G protein-coupled	11.0	Publications
39	GABRA2	gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 2	11.0	Publications
40	DRD2	dopamine receptor D2	11.0	Publications
41	UCN3	urocortin 3 (stresscopin)	11.0	Publications
42	ARL6IP5	ADP-ribosylation-like factor 6 interacting protein 5	11.0	Publications
43	AKR1A1	aldo-keto reductase family 1, member A1 (aldehyde reductase)	11.0	Publications
44	ALDH9A1	aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family, member A1	11.0	Publications
45	SLC22A18	solute carrier family 22, member 18	11.0	Publications
46	C4orf32	chromosome 4 open reading frame 32	11.0	Publications
47	SLC6A4	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, serotonin), member 4	11.0	Publications
48	BDH2	3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, type 2	11.0	Publications
49	PLA2G12A	phospholipase A2, group XIIA	11.0	Publications
50	AP1AR	adaptor-related protein complex 1 associated regulatory protein	11.0	Publications

Pathways related to alcohol dependence according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 55)

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Cyclophosphamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics34	11.6	ALDH1A1, ALDH2, ALDH3A1, AKR1A1, ADH1B, ADH4
2	Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis20	11.6	ADH6, ADH5, ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH7, ADH4
3	Fatty acid metabolism20	11.6	HADH, ADH6, ADH5, ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH7
4	Metabolic pathways20	11.5	ADH1B, TH, NDST4, NDST3, COMT, NOS1
5	Drug metabolism - cytochrome P45020	11.5	ADH6, ADH5, ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH7, ADH4
6	Tyrosine metabolism20	11.4	ADH7, ADH1A, ADH1C, ADH5, ADH6, ADH4
7	Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P45020	11.3	ADH6, ADH5, ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH7, ADH4
8	Amine ligand-binding receptors38	11.3	DRD4, DRD3, DRD2, DRD1, HTR7, HTR5A
9	Biological oxidations38	11.3	ADH6, ADH1C, ADH7, ADH4, ADH1B, CYP2U1
10	Retinol metabolism20	11.3	ADH6, ADH5, ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH7, ADH4
11	Sperm Motility36	11.2	GABRA1, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRB3, GABRG3, GABRR1
12	Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Pathway, Pharmacodynamics34	11.2	SLC6A4, TPH2, TPH1, HTR2A, HTR1A, MAOA
13	Tryptophan metabolism20	11.2	HADH, TPH2, TPH1, ALDH9A1, ALDH2, MAOB
14	Neuropeptides signaling through G-protein alpha-i & G-protein alpha-q10	11.2	OPRL1, NPY, NPY1R, NPY2R, NPY5R, OPRK1
15	Neuronal System38	11.1	GABRR2, GABRA2, GABRA6, GABRB1, GABRB2, GABRG2
16	Tyrosine metabolism p.1 (dopamine)41	11.1	MAOB, ALDH3A1, ALDH9A1, COMT, TH, ADH1B
17	Tyrosine metabolism p.1 (dopamine)10	11.1	ADH7, MAOA, MAOB, ALDH3A1, ALDH9A1, COMT
18	Glucocorticoid Pathway (HPA Axis), Pharmacodynamics34	11.0	POMC, CRHR1, CRH, UCN3, UCN2
19	Nicotine Pathway (Dopaminergic Neuron), Pharmacodynamics34	10.9	CHRNA5, TH, DRD4, DRD3, DRD2, DRD1
20	GABA signaling in brain10	10.8	NRXN3, GABBR1, GAD2, GABRG3, GABRB3, GABRA2
21	Selected targets of CREB110	10.7	GABBR1, PDYN, CRH, CREB1, NR4A2, CCK
22	G alpha (q) signalling events38	10.7	TACR3, TACR1, HCRT, NTS, GHSR, GHRL
23	Sympathetic Nerve Pathway (Neuroeffector Junction)34	10.7	SLC6A2, NPY2R, NPY1R, NPY, TH, ACHE
24	CRHR Pathway36	10.6	CRHR1, NOS1, POMC, ADCY3, CRH, CREB1
25	Akt Signaling36	10.6	GABRG2, GABRA1, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRB3, GABRG3
26	Gap junction20	10.6	ADCY3, PRKG2, EGF, DRD2, DRD1, TUBA1B
27	Calcium signaling pathway20	10.5	CAMK4, CAMK2D, DRD1, NOS1, TACR1, TACR3
28	Cholinergic synapse20	10.4	ADCY3, ACHE, CREB1, CAMK2D, CAMK4, GNB3
29	Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction20	10.4	CNR1, CCKAR, HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C
30	Neurophysiological process_Glutamate regulation of Dopamine D1A receptor signaling41	10.4	GABRB3, GABRB2, GABRB1, PDYN, CREB1, PPP2R2B
31	Dopamine-DARPP32 Feedback onto cAMP Pathway36	10.3	DRD4, PPP2R2B, CREB1, NOS1, PRKG2, ADCY3
32	Neurophysiological process Glutamate regulation of Dopamine D1A receptor signaling10	10.3	GABRB3, GABRB2, GABRB1, CREB1, PPP2R2B, DRD1
33	Signaling in Gap Junctions36	10.2	DRD1, DRD2, EGF, PRKG2, ADCY3, GNB3
34	Adipocytokine signaling pathway20	10.0	NPY, POMC, NFKBIA, NFKB1, RXRB, PPARA
35	Glutamatergic synapse20	9.9	GNB3, HOMER1, HOMER2, PLA2G12A, SLC1A2, ADCY3
36	Ca, cAMP and Lipid Signaling3	9.8	PDE5A, SMPD1, CAMK2D, CAMK4, GNB3, HTR1A
37	Glutamic acid signaling10	9.8	GRIN2B, GRIN2A, GRIN1, GRIK3, GRM3, GRM5
38	Immune response IL-1 signaling pathway10	9.7	CP, NFKBIA, NFKB1, TNF, HMOX1, IL6
39	Immune response_IL-1 signaling pathway41	9.7	CP, NFKBIA, NFKB1, TNF, HMOX1, IL6
40	IL-10 Pathway36	9.7	NFKB1, TNF, HMOX1, IL6, IL1B, IL1A
41	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)20	9.7	SLC1A2, SOD1, NOS1, TNF, CAT, GRIN2B
42	Neuropathic Pain-Signaling in Dorsal Horn Neurons36	9.7	CAMK2D, NTRK2, CREB1, NOS1, PDYN, TACR1
43	Type I diabetes mellitus20	9.6	GAD2, GAD1, CPE, TNF, IL1B, IL1A
44	Prion diseases20	9.6	SOD1, IL6, IL1B, IL1A, FYN, NCAM1
45	Neuroscience3	9.6	NCAM1, NTRK2, SNCA, CREB1, NOS1, NGF
46	Intracellular Calcium Signaling36	9.5	HTR3A, HTR5A, HTR7, GNB3, CAMK4, NTRK2
47	CREB Pathway36	9.4	GNB3, CAMK4, CAMK2D, NTRK2, CREB1, ADCY3
48	PEDF Induced Signaling36	9.3	NFKBIA, NFKB1, TNF, IL6, IL1B, IL1A
49	Osteoclast differentiation20	9.0	TGFB1, NFKBIA, NFKB1, CREB1, PPARG, TNF
50	NF-KappaB Family Pathway36	8.6	EGF, NFKBIA, NFKB1, TNF, IGF1, IL6

Compounds related to alcohol dependence according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 575)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	glucose32	11.2	PAX6, UCN2, UCN3, S100B, AVP, GRM3
2	diazepam32 34 9 9	14.0	BDNF, CCKBR, ACHE, POMC, GABBR1, GABRA2
3	amitriptyline32 34 42 9 9	14.9	SERPINA7, CHRM2, MAOA, MAOB, HTR1A, HTR2A
4	yohimbine32 9 9	12.9	CCKBR, HTR1A, HTR2C, DRD2, DRD3, CRH
5	chlordiazepoxide32 9 9	12.9	CRH, GABRA2, GABRA6, GABRB1, GABRB2, GABRG1
6	nicotine32 34 9 9	13.9	CHRNA6, ANKK1, CCKBR, GPT, CYP2E1, CRH
7	bromazepam32 9 9	12.9	MAOA, CYP2E1, GABRA2, GABRA6, GABRB1, GABRB2
8	triazolam32 9 9	12.9	NPY, GABRA2, GABRA6, GABRB1, GABRB2, GABRG1
9	carbachol32 9 9	12.9	CHRM2, LBR, CCK, DRD1, SNCA, CRH
10	amphetamine32 9 9	12.8	CNR1, UCN2, GRM3, GRM5, MAOA, MAOB
11	flurazepam32 9 9	12.8	CYP2E1, GABRA2, GABRA6, GABRB1, GABRB2, GABRG1
12	nitrazepam32 9 9	12.8	GABRA2, GABRA6, GABRB1, GABRB2, GABRG1, GABRG2
13	opiate32	10.7	CHRM2, ARRB2, CCK, GHRL, DRD1, DRD2
14	Temazepam9 9	11.7	GABRA2, GABRA6, GABRB1, GABRB2, GABRG1, GABRG2
15	clonazepam32 9 9	12.7	MAOA, ALB, POMC, GABBR1, GABRA2, GABRB1
16	mhpg32	10.6	BDNF, MAOA, MAOB, DRD4, CRH, COMT
17	apomorphine32 9 9	12.6	CNR1, MAOB, HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C
18	haloperidol32 34 9 9	13.6	REN, BDNF, GRIN2B, GRM5, IL18R1, MAOB
19	Oxazepam9 9	11.6	GABRA2, GABRA6, GABRB1, GABRB2, GABRG1, GABRG2
20	Cinolazepam9 9	11.6	GABRA2, GABRB1, GABRB2, GABRG1, GABRG2, GABRA1
21	atropine32 9 9	12.5	CHRM2, CCK, CCKAR, GHRL, DRD1, NTS
22	quetiapine32 9 18 9	13.5	BDNF, LEP, CHRM2, HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR2A
23	citalopram32 34 9 18 9	14.5	BDNF, LEP, MAOA, MAOB, HTR1A, HTR2A
24	heroin32 9 9	12.4	CNR1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, COMT, PDYN
25	cabergoline32 9 9	12.3	IGF1, HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR7
26	olanzapine32 34 9 18 9	14.3	BDNF, LEP, CHRM2, ANKK1, HTR1A, HTR1B
27	Fludiazepam9 9	11.3	GABRA2, GABRB1, GABRB2, GABRG1, GABRG2, GABRA1
28	vitamin a32 9 18 9	13.2	SERPINA7, LEP, FABP2, GPT, ALB, ALDH1A1
29	h2o232	10.2	BDNF, LEP, LBR, FYN, IL1RN, MAOA
30	aspartate32	10.1	CNR1, SERPINA7, BDNF, KCNJ6, S100B, MMP9
31	morphine32 9 9	12.0	CNR1, ARRB2, GRIN1, IL1RN, CCKBR, CCK
32	cyclic amp32 18	11.0	CNR1, BDNF, LBR, FYN, GRM3, GRM5
33	cysteine32	10.0	LBR, MTHFR, S100B, AVP, FYN, MMP9
34	corticosterone32 18	11.0	CNR1, SERPINA7, BDNF, IL1A, IL1B, IL1RN
35	alanine32	9.9	NCAM1, CNR1, SERPINA7, PAX6, LEF1, CHRM2
36	forskolin32 42 9 9	12.8	REN, BDNF, CHRM2, LBR, S100B, GRM7
37	epinephrine32 9 18 9	12.7	REN, BDNF, LEP, LBR, MMP9, IL1A
38	potassium32 9 18 9	12.6	NCAM1, REN, BDNF, KCNJ6, CHRM2, S100B
39	dopamine32 9 18 9	12.5	NCAM1, REN, BDNF, KCNJ6, UCN2, MTHFR
40	histamine32 18	10.3	NCAM1, CNR1, BDNF, CHRM2, UCN2, LBR
41	naloxone32 34 9 9	12.3	CNR1, LEP, IL1A, CCK, ESR1, GHRL
42	nmda32 42	10.3	NCAM1, CNR1, BDNF, KCNJ6, LEP, FYN
43	kainate32	9.2	NCAM1, CNR1, BDNF, GRIK1, GRIK3, GRIN1
44	glutamate32	9.1	NCAM1, CNR1, LEP, UCN2, MTHFR, FYN
45	calcium32 9 18 9	11.5	REN, CNR1, MYOZ2, BDNF, CHRM2, LBR
46	cholesterol32 9 18 9	10.7	REN, SERPINA7, BDNF, LEP, LBR, MTHFR
47	lipid32	7.6	NCAM1, CNR1, SERPINA7, BDNF, LEP, UGT8
48	retinoic acid32 42 18	9.5	NCAM1, PAX6, BDNF, LBR, MTHFR, S100B
49	indomethacin32 9 9	9.5	REN, CNR1, BDNF, LEP, IL1A, IL1B
50	dexamethasone32 42 34 9 9	11.0	NCAM1, REN, LEP, LBR, S100B, AVP

Cellular components related to alcohol dependence according to GeneDecks:

(show all 16)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	chloride channel complex	GO:034707	11.0	GABRA5, GABRB3, GABRG3, GABRR1, GABRR2, GABRA4
2	cell junction	GO:030054	10.8	GRIN1, GRIK3, GRIK1, CHRNA6, CHRM2, GABRB1
3	dendrite	GO:030425	10.4	DRD2, TACR1, PRSS12, GABRA5, CHRNA5, HTR5A
4	postsynaptic membrane	GO:045211	10.4	CHRNA5, GABBR1, OPRD1, SYNE1, HOMER2, HOMER1
5	synaptic cleft	GO:043083	10.3	PRSS12, ACHE, GRIN2B, GRIN1
6	terminal button	GO:043195	10.3	PRSS12, NTRK2, DRD4, CCKAR, CCK, GRIN2B
7	secretory granule	GO:030141	10.2	POMC, TF, HCRT, GHRL, IL1B, AVP
8	axon	GO:030424	10.0	SNCA, TGFB1, NPY1R, SLC6A3, GABRA2, GAD2
9	neuronal cell body	GO:043025	9.9	TGFB1, SOD1, SLC6A3, GABBR1, CHRNA5, NTRK2
10	presynaptic membrane	GO:042734	9.7	GAD2, GABBR1, GRM8, GRM7, GRM3, GRIN2B
11	integral to plasma membrane	GO:005887	9.4	GABRA6, GABBR1, ADCY3, RRH, SLC6A4, SLC6A9
12	cytosol	GO:005829	8.5	COMT, NFKB1, NFKBIA, PDE5A, TH, RPL34
13	cell surface	GO:009986	8.2	NTRK2, NRD1, COL25A1, TGFB1, DPP4, TACR1
14	extracellular region	GO:005576	7.9	DPP4, TGFB1, AGT, HCRT, ACHE, EGF
15	plasma membrane	GO:005886	7.5	ACHE, GHSR, ESR1, HOMER2, CAMK2D, CAT
16	extracellular space	GO:005615	6.8	NGF, COL25A1, CRH, SMPD1, TNF, AIMP1

Biological processes related to alcohol dependence according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 82)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	xenobiotic metabolic process	GO:006805	11.6	PAPSS1, ADH1A, COMT, MAOA, MAOB, CYP2U1
2	ethanol oxidation	GO:006069	11.5	ADH5, ADH6, ALDH1A1, ALDH2, ADH1A, ADH4
3	gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway	GO:007214	11.3	GABRA2, GABRA6, GABRB2, GABRG1, GABRG2, GABRA1
4	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger	GO:007187	11.2	NPY1R, HTR1B, HTR5A, CHRM2, CNR1, NPY
5	regulation of dopamine secretion	GO:014059	11.2	DRD2, DRD3, HTR2A, SNCA, HTR1B, CHRNA6
6	ion transmembrane transport	GO:034220	11.1	GABRB3, GABRA4, GABRA1, GABRB1, GABRA5, GABRG3
7	cellular aldehyde metabolic process	GO:006081	11.1	ADH4, ALDH1A1, ALDH9A1, AKR1A1, ALDH3A1
8	small molecule metabolic process	GO:044281	11.0	ADH4, ADH7, POMC, SLC10A2, ADCY3, ADH1B
9	feeding behavior	GO:007631	10.9	NPY1R, NPY, CRH, NTRK2, DRD2, HTR2C
10	synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	GO:001963	10.9	CRH, DRD4, DRD3, DRD2, DRD1, TH
11	phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	GO:007200	10.9	TACR1, CCKBR, CCKAR, HCRT, AGT, OPRD1
12	neurotransmitter biosynthetic process	GO:042136	10.9	COMT, NOS1, ALDH9A1, ALDH2, MAOA, ACHE
13	transmembrane transport	GO:055085	10.8	TF, ABCB7, HMOX1, ALB, HTR3A, AVP
14	response to cocaine	GO:042220	10.8	CNR1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, HTR1B, HTR3A, DRD3
15	prepulse inhibition	GO:060134	10.8	DRD3, DRD2, DRD1, GRIN1, SLC6A3
16	dopamine metabolic process	GO:042417	10.8	DRD3, DRD1, GRIN2A, DRD4, DRD2
17	transport	GO:006810	10.7	SLC6A3, CHRNA6, GRIK1, GRIN2A, HTR3A, GABRA1
18	response to morphine	GO:043278	10.7	IL1B, GRIN1, TACR3, DRD2, CNR1, DRD3
19	positive regulation of multicellular organism growth	GO:040018	10.7	GHSR, SLC6A3, AGT, CREB1, GHRL, DRD2
20	response to nicotine	GO:035094	10.7	CNR1, TACR1, NGF, AVP, SLC6A3, GABBR1
21	locomotory behavior	GO:007626	10.7	DRD2, NPY1R, SOD1, TH, SLC6A3, AVP
22	ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	GO:070371	10.6	EGF, AGT, HTR2C, HTR2A, AVP, CCKBR
23	sensory perception of pain	GO:019233	10.6	CNR1, TACR1, NGF, HTR2A, GRIN2A, NPY1R
24	regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity	GO:048169	10.6	GRIN2A, GRIN1, DRD1, DRD2, SNCA, AGT
25	long-term memory	GO:007616	10.6	GRIN1, GRIN2B, CAMK4, DRD2, CRH, TACR1
26	behavior	GO:007610	10.6	NPY, TACR1, HTR1A, MAOA, CNR1, OPRK1
27	negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity	GO:007194	10.5	GRM3, GRM8, DRD3, DRD4, GABBR1, GRM7
28	regulation of dopamine metabolic process	GO:042053	10.5	DRD4, TACR3, SLC6A3, DRD1
29	eating behavior	GO:042755	10.5	LEP, CCK, DRD1, NPY5R, HCRT, TACR1
30	behavioral fear response	GO:001662	10.5	GRM7, GRIN2B, GABRA5, NEUROD2, DRD4, DRD1
31	regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential	GO:060079	10.5	GRIN2B, SNCA, GHRL, GRIN2A, HCRT, GRIN1
32	memory	GO:007613	10.4	TH, SLC6A4, CNR1, GRIN2A, IL1B, NGF
33	response to amphetamine	GO:001975	10.4	GRIN2A, GRIN2B, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4
34	response to ethanol	GO:045471	10.3	CNR1, AVP, FYN, MMP9, GRIN1, GRIN2A
35	central nervous system neuron development	GO:021954	10.3	NPY, NEUROG2, LEP, MAP2, NTRK2
36	aging	GO:007568	10.3	AGT, SLC6A3, TACR3, CNR1, SERPINA7, TGFB1
37	synaptic transmission	GO:007268	10.2	GABRA2, CAMK4, GNB3, ALDH2, HTR7, GABRA6
38	regulation of neurotransmitter secretion	GO:046928	10.2	GRM8, DRD4, NTRK2, HCRT, NGF
39	negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	GO:043524	10.2	NDNF, BDNF, AGT, GRIN1, HMOX1, NTRK2
40	negative regulation of glutamate secretion	GO:014050	10.0	IL1B, IL1RN, NPY5R, GRM7
41	cellular response to growth factor stimulus	GO:071363	9.9	FYN, HTR3A, CAT, TGFB1, GRIN2B, GRIN2A
42	response to estradiol stimulus	GO:032355	9.9	TACR3, TGFB1, MMP9, SLC6A4, ESR1, CASP6
43	regulation of multicellular organism growth	GO:040014	9.8	PRL, FTO, IGF1, NPY1R, DRD3, SOD1
44	response to drug	GO:042493	9.5	TNF, ALDH3A1, HTR2C, HTR2A, HTR1B, MAOB
45	positive regulation of mitosis	GO:045840	9.5	TNF, EGF, IGF1, IL1B, IL1A, DRD3
46	positive regulation of cell proliferation	GO:008284	9.4	EGF, TGFB1, NTRK2, ALDH3A1, AVP, LEF1
47	response to heat	GO:009408	9.4	SOD1, TACR1, CASP6, NOS1, MMP9, IL1B
48	regulation of blood pressure	GO:008217	9.3	REN, POMC, NPY1R, SOD1, ACE, PPARG
49	response to hypoxia	GO:001666	9.2	SLC6A4, NOS1, PPARA, DPP4, TGFB1, TH
50	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	GO:045944	8.5	PAX6, GRIN1, IL1A, IL1B, LEF1, NOS1

Molecular functions related to alcohol dependence according to GeneDecks:

(show all 18)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD) activity	GO:004022	11.2	ADH6, ADH5, ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH7, ADH4
2	GABA-A receptor activity	GO:004890	11.0	GABRR2, GABRR1, GABRG3, GABRB3, GABRA5, GABRA4
3	extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity	GO:005230	11.0	GABRR2, HTR3A, GABRA2, GABRA6, GABRB1, GABRR1
4	chloride channel activity	GO:005254	11.0	GABRA5, GABRB3, GABRG3, GABRR1, GABRR2, GABRA4
5	alcohol dehydrogenase activity, zinc-dependent	GO:004024	11.0	ADH1B, ADH4, ADH7, ADH1A
6	serotonin receptor activity	GO:004993	10.9	HTR7, HTR5A, HTR3A, HTR2C, HTR2A, HTR1B
7	serotonin binding	GO:051378	10.9	HTR3A, HTR2C, HTR2A, HTR1B, HTR1A, MAOA
8	dopamine binding	GO:035240	10.9	SLC6A3, DRD4, DRD3, DRD2, DRD1
9	benzodiazepine receptor activity	GO:008503	10.8	GABRA4, GABRG2, GABRA6, GABRA2
10	neuropeptide hormone activity	GO:005184	10.7	NPY, HCRT, CRH, NTS, CCK, AVP
11	corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 binding	GO:051431	10.6	UCN2, UCN3, CRH
12	dopamine receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go	GO:001591	10.3	DRD2, DRD3, DRD4
13	glutamate receptor activity	GO:008066	10.0	GRM8, GRM7, GRM5, GRM3, GRIK3
14	extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity	GO:005234	10.0	GRIN2B, GRIN2A, GRIN1, GRIK3, GRIK1
15	protein homodimerization activity	GO:042803	9.9	ACHE, TGFB1, DPP4, SYNE1, SOD1, SLC6A4
16	hormone activity	GO:005179	9.7	POMC, PRL, AGT, CRH, IGF1, CCK
17	drug binding	GO:008144	9.7	DRD1, ALB, HTR2C, HTR2A, HTR1B, HTR1A
18	protein binding	GO:005515	5.7	KLK3, EGF, ACE, ACHE, ELOVL6, HFE