Arachnoiditis malady

NIH Rare Diseases: Arachnoiditis describes a pain disorder caused by the inflammation of the arachnoid, one of the membranes that surround and protect the nerves of the spinal cord. The arachnoid can become inflamed because of an irritation from chemicals, infection from bacteria or viruses, as the result of direct injury to the spine, chronic compression of spinal nerves, or complications from spinal surgery or other invasive spinal procedures. Inflammation can sometimes lead to the formation of scar tissue and adhesions, which cause the spinal nerves to “stick” together. If arachnoiditis begins to interfere with the function of one or more of these nerves, it can cause a number of symptoms, including numbness, tingling, and a characteristic stinging and burning pain in the lower back or legs. Arachnoiditis is difficult to treat and long-term outcomes are unpredictable.³⁰

MalaCards: Arachnoiditis, also known as arachnoiditis (disorder), is related to arachnoid cysts and meninges hemangiopericytoma. An important gene associated with Arachnoiditis is C19orf33 (chromosome 19 open reading frame 33), and among its related pathways are Oligomerization of connexins into connexons and Adhesion. The compounds gestrinone and triphenylethylene have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, spinal cord and pituitary, and related mouse phenotypes are hearing/vestibular/ear and reproductive system.

NINDS: Arachnoiditis describes a pain disorder caused by the inflammation of the arachnoid, one of the membranes that surround and protect the nerves of the spinal cord.³¹

Wikipedia: Arachnoiditis is a neuropathic disease caused by inflammation of the arachnoid, one of the membranes...⁴⁴ more...

Aliases & Descriptions:

arachnoiditis 6 30 31 8 43 arachnoiditis (disorder) 6 spinal arachnoiditis 30

other meningitis nos 6 meningitis 43

Diseases related to arachnoiditis by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 233)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	arachnoid cysts	31.4	C19orf33, SACS, FOXC2, MIP, MAP3K9, GNRH1
2	meninges hemangiopericytoma	31.2	NF2, PTGDS, NCAM1
3	hemangiopericytoma	30.5	NCAM1, PTGDS, NF2
4	syringomyelia	29.4	RICTOR, CRLF1, GH1
5	meningitis	26.5	PGR, NF2, PTGDS, GJB2, GJA1, RICTOR
6	meningioma	26.4	DSP, RICTOR, ITGB4, PGR, DSG2, DSC2
7	glioblastoma	24.4	PGR, NF2, DYT10, TNC, MIP, GJA1
8	choroiditis	24.3	NCAM1, ITGB4, TNC, PTGDS, SSTR1, TTR
9	malignant glioma	23.8	TNC, NCAM1, MIP, GJA1, TTR, NF2
10	osteosarcoma	23.8	ITGB4, GH1, TNC, GJA1, NF2, PGR
11	leukemia	23.5	SSTR1, MN1, ITGB4, MAP3K9, GNRH1, PGR
12	cerebritis	23.2	GJA1, GH1, TNC, DYT10, SPAST, TTR
13	peritonitis	23.0	TTR, PGR, DYT10, NF2, TNC, GH1
14	hypertension	22.9	NCAM1, GNRH1, GJA1, GH1, TNC, DYT10
15	melanoma	22.8	DYT10, GJA1, GNRH1, TNC, GJB2, ITGB4
16	neuronitis	22.0	MIP, NF2, MAP3K9, NCAM1, ITGB4, PTGDS
17	cervicitis	21.6	GJB2, PGR, DSP, TTR, C19orf33, DYT10
18	breast cancer	21.1	TNC, GH1, TTR, NCAM1, ITGB4, FOXC2
19	adenocarcinoma	21.0	TTR, GJA1, GNRH1, ITGB4, NCAM1, PGR
20	prostatitis	20.2	NCAM1, SSTR1, MIP, GNRH1, GJA1, GJB2
21	carcinoma	18.8	TNC, GH1, GJB2, GJA1, GNRH1, MAP3K9
22	catamenial pneumothorax	13.4	PGR, GNRH1
23	hypothalamic disease	13.4	GH1, GNRH1
24	robinow syndrome	13.3	GNRH1, GH1
25	gonadal disease	13.2	GNRH1, GH1
26	functioning pituitary adenoma	13.2	SSTR1, GH1, GNRH1
27	plexiform schwannoma	13.2	NF2, DSP
28	hyperprolactinemia	13.1	PGR, GNRH1, GH1
29	acoustic neuroma	13.0	PGR, NF2, CRLF1, SSTR1
30	naxos disease	13.0	DSP, PKP2, DSC2
31	neuroma	13.0	PGR, SSTR1, CRLF1, NF2
32	transitional meningioma	13.0	NF2, NCAM1
33	uterine fibroid	12.9	GNRH1, PGR, GJA1
34	aorta atresia	12.9	ITGB4, GJA1, GNRH1
35	cellular schwannoma	12.9	DSP, NF2
36	hailey-hailey disease	12.8	GJA1, DSC2, DSP
37	prolactinoma	12.7	NCAM1, SSTR1, GH1, GNRH1
38	arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia	12.7	DSP, DSG2, DSC2, PKP2
39	pituitary tumor	12.7	NCAM1, SSTR1, GH1, GNRH1
40	hypotrichosis	12.7	FOXC2, GJA1, GJB2
41	perineurioma	12.6	NF2, NCAM1, DSP
42	thyrotoxicosis	12.6	GH1, TTR, GNRH1
43	palmoplantar keratosis	12.6	GJB2, DSP, GJA1
44	azoospermia	12.5	GNRH1, GH1, PTGDS, PGR, GJA1
45	tuberous sclerosis	12.5	RICTOR, DYT10, PGR, NF2, GJA1
46	hydrops of gallbladder	12.5	FOXC2, TNC, SLC12A2, MIP
47	keratoderma	12.3	DSC2, DSP, GJA1, GJB2
48	ectodermal dysplasia	12.3	PKP2, GJA1, DSC2, GJB2
49	autosomal dominant disease	12.2	GJB2, DSP, PKP2, DSC2, DSG2
50	congenital heart defect	12.2	TNC, GJA1, DSP

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

MalaCards organs/tissues related to arachnoiditis:

²²

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to arachnoiditis:

²⁵

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype	MP:0005377	7.9	SLC12A2, NF2, TNC, GJB2, GJA1, FOXC2
2	reproductive system phenotype	MP:0005389	7.4	RICTOR, PGR, SLC12A2, NF2, SPAST, GH1
3	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	7.1	SSTR1, SPAST, CRLF1, SLC12A2, PTGDS, TNC
4	vision/eye phenotype	MP:0005391	6.6	TTR, NF2, SSTR1, GJB2, GJA1, MIP
5	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	6.4	TNC, SSTR1, SPAST, CRLF1, NF2, SLC12A2
6	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	5.6	MN1, EPB42, RICTOR, PGR, TTR, NF2
7	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	5.6	PKP2, NF2, DSG2, DSP, SLC12A2, PGR

Articles related to arachnoiditis:

(show all 19)

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	Spinal extradural arachnoid cysts in lymphedema-disti chiasis syndrome. (20535019)	SA!nchez-Carpintero R.... PatiA+o-GarcA-a A.	2010	FOXC2
2	Increased NKCC1 expression in arachnoid cysts support s secretory basis for cyst formation. (20471979)	Helland C.A.... Wester K.	2010	SLC12A2
3	Tenascin-C is induced in cerebral vasospasm after sub arachnoid hemorrhage in rats and humans: a pilot study. (19589197)	Suzuki H.... Taki W.	2010	TNC
4	Modeling NF2 with human arachnoidal and meningioma cell culture systems: NF2 silencing reflects the benign character of tumor growth. (17962031)	James M.F.... Gusella J.F.	2008	NF2
5	Spinal extradural arachnoid cysts associated with distichiasis and lymphedema. (17366583)	Yabuki S.... Ikegawa S.	2007	FOXC2
6	Causes of arachnoid cyst development and expansion. (17608347)	Basaldella L.... Longatti P.	2007	MIP
7	A new SPG4 mutation in a variant form of spastic paraplegia with congenital arachnoid cysts. (15159500)	Orlacchio A.... Kawarai T.	2004	SPAST
8	Molecular characterization of desmosomes in meningiomas and arachnoidal tissue. (12845453)	Akat K.... Kartenbeck J.	2003	DSG2, DSP, PKP2
9	Expression of somatostatin receptors 1 and 2 in human choroid plexus and arachnoid granulations: implications for idiopathic intracranial hypertension. (12427069)	Katz S.E.... Lubow M.	2002	SSTR1
10	Nf2 gene inactivation in arachnoidal cells is rate-limiting for meningioma development in the mouse. (12000789)	Kalamarides M.... Giovannini M.	2002	NF2
11	Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of gap junction proteins connexin26 and 43 in human arachnoid villi and meningeal tumors. (12484567)	Arishima H.... Kubota T.	2002	GJA1, GJB2
12	Growth, puberty and hypothalamic-pituitary function in children with suprasellar arachnoid cyst. (10834520)	Adan L.... Brauner R.	2000	GNRH1
13	The endocrine spectrum of arachnoid cysts in childhood. (10702732)	Mohn A.... DAPrr H.G.	1999	GH1
14	Expression of beta1 and beta4 integrins in normal arachnoid membrane and meningiomas. (10594860)	Beschet I.... Mosnier J.F.	1999	NCAM1, ITGB4
15	Paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis associated with frontotemporal arachnoid cyst--case report. (10193153)	Urasaki E.... Yokota A.	1999	DYT10
16	Prostaglandin D synthase (beta-trace) in human arachnoid and meningioma cells: roles as a cell marker or in cerebrospinal fluid absorption, tumorigenesis, and calcification process. (9065498)	Yamashima T.... Hayaishi O.	1997	PTGDS
17	Progesterone receptors in arachnoid cysts. An immunocytochemical study in 2 cases. (9202776)	Go K.G.... Verhagen A.	1997	PGR
18	Expression of NF2 gene product merlin in arachnoid villi and meningiomas. (8958521)	Sakuda K.... Yamashita J.	1996	NF2
19	The presence of progesterone receptors in arachnoid granulations and in the lining of arachnoid cysts: its relevance to expression of progesterone receptors in meningiomas. (7786426)	Verhagen A.... Vaalburg W.	1995	PGR

Genes related to arachnoiditis according to GeneCards:

(show all 31)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	C19orf33	chromosome 19 open reading frame 33	11.0
2	ADCK2	aarF domain containing kinase 2	11.0
3	CRLF1	cytokine receptor-like factor 1	11.0
4	FOXC2	forkhead box C2 (MFH-1, mesenchyme forkhead 1)	11.0	Publications
5	EPB42	erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2	11.0
6	PSMD8	proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 8	11.0
7	MIP	major intrinsic protein of lens fiber	11.0	Publications
8	SPAST	spastin	11.0	Publications
9	SLC12A2	solute carrier family 12 (sodium/potassium/chloride transporters), member 2	11.0	Publications
10	MAP3K9	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 9	11.0
11	SACS	spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (sacsin)	11.0
12	RICTOR	RPTOR independent companion of MTOR, complex 2	11.0
13	GNRH1	gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (luteinizing-releasing hormone)	11.0	Publications
14	PGR	progesterone receptor	11.0	Publications
15	GH1	growth hormone 1	11.0	Publications
16	DYT10	dystonia 10	11.0	Publications
17	DSC2	desmocollin 2	11.0	Publications
18	MN1	meningioma (disrupted in balanced translocation) 1	11.0
19	SSTR1	somatostatin receptor 1	11.0	Publications
20	PTGDS	prostaglandin D2 synthase 21kDa (brain)	11.0	Publications
21	PARP14	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 14	11.0
22	DSG2	desmoglein 2	11.0	Publications
23	NF2	neurofibromin 2 (merlin)	11.0	Publications
24	PKP2	plakophilin 2	11.0	Publications
25	ITGB4	integrin, beta 4	11.0	Publications
26	TNC	tenascin C	11.0	Publications
27	DSP	desmoplakin	11.0	Publications
28	GJB2	gap junction protein, beta 2, 26kDa	11.0	Publications
29	GJA1	gap junction protein, alpha 1, 43kDa	11.0	Publications
30	TTR	transthyretin	11.0
31	NCAM1	neural cell adhesion molecule 1	11.0	Publications

Pathways related to arachnoiditis according to GeneDecks:

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Oligomerization of connexins into connexons38	9.3	GJA1, GJB2
2	Adhesion3	8.2	DSP, GJA1, ITGB4, NCAM1
3	Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC)20	8.0	ITGB4, GJA1, PKP2, DSC2, DSG2, DSP

Compounds related to arachnoiditis according to GeneDecks:

(show all 39)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	gestrinone32	10.5	PGR, GNRH1
2	triphenylethylene32	10.4	PGR, DYT10
3	adenosine 3,5-cyclic monophosphorothioate32	10.3	GNRH1, DYT10
4	leuprolide acetate32	10.3	PGR, GH1, GNRH1
5	clomiphene citrate32	10.3	PGR, GH1, GNRH1
6	cysteine32	10.3	MIP, NF2
7	cp-4932	10.0	MIP, GJA1
8	raloxifene32 9 9	11.9	PGR, GH1, GNRH1
9	progestins32	9.9	PGR, GH1, GNRH1
10	12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate32	9.6	SLC12A2, DSP, NCAM1
11	verapamil32 34 9 18 9	13.6	GNRH1, GJA1, GH1, DYT10
12	nifedipine32 9 9	11.5	DYT10, GH1, GJA1, GNRH1
13	gnrh32	9.5	PGR, DYT10, GH1, GNRH1, NCAM1
14	calyculin a32 42 9 9	12.5	GJA1, DYT10, SLC12A2
15	diethylstilbestrol32 9 9	11.4	PGR, TTR, GNRH1
16	oxandrolone32 9 9	11.3	TTR, GH1
17	gaba32 42	10.3	PGR, SLC12A2, TNC, GNRH1, NCAM1
18	ribonucleic acid32	9.3	PGR, SSTR1, GH1, GJA1, GNRH1
19	tamoxifen32 34 9 9	12.3	PGR, DYT10, GH1, GJA1, GNRH1
20	thyroxine32 18	10.2	GNRH1, GH1, TTR, PGR
21	dmso32	9.2	GNRH1, GJA1, GH1, DSP, PGR
22	oleamide32 18	10.0	GJB2, GJA1
23	agar32	8.7	PGR, TTR, NF2, GJA1, MIP
24	cycloheximide32	8.7	PGR, PTGDS, DYT10, TNC, GH1, GJA1
25	glutamate32	8.6	SLC12A2, DYT10, TNC, GJA1, GNRH1, MIP
26	matrigel32	8.4	NCAM1, ITGB4, GJA1, GJB2, TNC
27	adenylate32	8.3	PGR, TTR, SSTR1, DYT10, GH1, GJA1
28	vegf32	8.3	PGR, DYT10, TNC, GH1, GJA1, MIP
29	creatinine32	8.3	TTR, PTGDS, TNC, GH1, GNRH1, NCAM1
30	retinoid32	8.2	PGR, TTR, PTGDS, GH1, GJB2, GJA1
31	testosterone32 9 18 9	11.0	PGR, TTR, PTGDS, GH1, GJA1, GNRH1
32	dexamethasone32 42 34 9 9	11.7	PGR, TTR, TNC, GH1, GJA1, GNRH1
33	estrogen32	7.5	PGR, TTR, PTGDS, TNC, GH1, GJA1
34	progesterone32 42 9 18 9	11.4	PGR, DSP, NF2, TNC, GH1, GJB2
35	tyrosine32	7.0	DSP, DSG2, NF2, SSTR1, DYT10, TNC
36	paraffin32	7.0	PGR, TTR, NF2, SSTR1, TNC, GH1
37	serine32	6.6	DSP, TTR, NF2, SSTR1, DYT10, TNC
38	calcium32 9 18 9	9.4	SLC12A2, DSP, DSG2, DSC2, SSTR1, PTGDS
39	retinoic acid32 42 18	7.8	NCAM1, PGR, DSP, TTR, PTGDS, DYT10

Cellular components related to arachnoiditis according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	desmosome	GO:030057	8.8	PKP2, DSC2, DSG2, DSP
2	plasma membrane	GO:005886	5.6	PKP2, NF2, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, SLC12A2

Biological processes related to arachnoiditis according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	gap junction assembly	GO:016264	9.0	GJB2, GJA1
2	cell-cell signaling	GO:007267	8.6	GNRH1, GJA1, GJB2, SSTR1, PGR
3	transport	GO:006810	8.1	GJA1, GJB2, PTGDS, TTR, SLC12A2