Cerebral Malaria disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Symptoms, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

Summaries for Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
⁹Disease Ontology, ⁴⁶OMIM, ³²MalaCards
See all sources

Disease Ontology:⁹ A malaria that involves neurologic damage resulting from blockage of the blood vessels, caused due to the infection of the red blood cells by plasmodium species.

MalaCards based summary: Cerebral Malaria, also known as malaria, cerebral, is related to systemic lupus erythematosus and malaria. An important gene associated with Cerebral Malaria is ICAM1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1), and among its related pathways are Immune response MIF mediated glucocorticoid regulation and IL-15 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types. The drug pentoxifylline and the compounds cdp571 and interferon gamma have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, t cells and endothelial, and related mouse phenotypes are tumorigenesis and digestive/alimentary.

Description from OMIM:⁴⁶ 611162

Aliases & Classifications for Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
⁹Disease Ontology, ⁴⁶OMIM, ⁴⁴Novoseek, ³⁸NCBI Bookshelf, ⁶¹UMLS, ⁵⁶SNOMED-CT, ³⁴MeSH
See all sources

Cerebral Malaria, Aliases & Descriptions:

Name: Cerebral Malaria ⁹

Malaria, Cerebral ⁴⁶ ⁶¹

Malarial Encephalitis ⁹

Malaria Cerebral ⁴⁴

Cm ³⁸

Classifications:

Malacards categories (disease lists): (See all malacards categories)
Global: Infectious diseases

External Ids:

Disease Ontology⁹ DOID:14069

SNOMED-CT⁵⁶ 186799006, 53622003

MeSH³⁴ D016779

UMLS⁶¹ C0024534

Related Diseases for Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
¹⁸GeneCards, ¹⁹GeneDecks
See all sources

Diseases related to Cerebral Malaria via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards/GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 227)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	systemic lupus erythematosus	30.8	FCGR3B
2	malaria	30.8	GYPA, TCN2, GYPB, TNF, ICAM1, IFNGR1
3	plasmodium falciparum malaria	30.5	ICAM1, CD36
4	hepatitis	30.2	HAVCR1, CXCL10, HBE1
5	melanoma	29.4	CD36, CXCL10, TNF, ICAM1, ANGPT2
6	cerebritis	11.4
7	endotheliitis	10.6
8	hemoglobinuria	10.5	TCN2
9	hepatitis a	10.5	HBE1
10	hepatocellular carcinoma	10.5
11	congenital myasthenic syndrome	10.4
12	rheumatoid vasculitis	10.4	ICAM1
13	leukostasis	10.4	ICAM1
14	neuronitis	10.4
15	multicentric reticulohistiocytosis	10.4	HAVCR1
16	renal cell carcinoma	10.4
17	retinitis	10.3
18	chiari malformation	10.3
19	brain edema	10.3
20	mycobacterium avium complex disease	10.3	IFNGR1
21	asthma	10.3	IL12B, TNF
22	adenocarcinoma	10.3
23	congenital myasthenic syndrome with episodic apnea	10.3
24	psoriatic arthritis	10.2	ANGPT2, TNF
25	lichen planus	10.2	CXCL11, ICAM1
26	typhoid fever	10.2	IFNGR1
27	allergic contact dermatitis	10.2	ICAM1, CXCL11, CXCL10
28	insulinoma	10.2
29	thyroiditis	10.2
30	capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome	10.2
31	chiari malformation type 2	10.2
32	proliferative diabetic retinopathy	10.2	CXCL10, ANGPT2, ICAM1
33	dermatitis	10.2	CXCL11, ICAM1, CXCL10
34	alcoholic hepatitis	10.2	TNF, ICAM1
35	brain injury	10.2
36	encephalitis	10.2
37	meningitis	10.2
38	protein-energy malnutrition	10.2
39	malaria, cerebral, reduced risk of	10.2
40	idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis	10.2	CXCL10, CD36, IL9
41	cervicitis	10.2
42	peritonitis	10.2
43	congenital myasthenic syndrome associated with acetylcholine receptor deficiency	10.2
44	renal cell carcinoma 4	10.2
45	slow-channel congenital myasthenic syndrome	10.2
46	myasthenic syndrome, fast-channel congenital	10.2
47	vascular disease	10.2	ICAM1, ANGPT2, AHSP
48	deficiency anemia	10.2	HBE1, TCN2, AHSP
49	septic shock	10.2	ANGPT2, TNF, IL12B
50	vernal keratoconjunctivitis	10.2	ICAM1, CD36

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Cerebral Malaria:

Symptoms for Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
⁴⁶OMIM
See all sources

Clinical features from OMIM:

611162

Drugs & Therapeutics for Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
⁴¹NIH Clinical Center, ⁶ClinicalTrials, ⁶¹UMLS, ⁴⁰NDF-RT
See all sources

Drug clinical trials:

Search ClinicalTrials for Cerebral Malaria

Search NIH Clinical Center for Cerebral Malaria

Inferred drug relations via UMLS⁶¹/NDF-RT⁴⁰:

pentoxifylline

Genetic Tests for Cerebral Malaria

Anatomical Context for Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
³²MalaCards
See all sources

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Cerebral Malaria:

³²

Brain, T cells, Endothelial, Eye, Whole blood, Cortex, Monocytes, B cells, Spleen, Heart, Kidney, Liver, Testes, Nk cells, Temporal lobe, Neutrophil

Animal Models for Cerebral Malaria or affiliated genes

Sources:
³⁶MGI
See all sources

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Cerebral Malaria:

³⁶

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	tumorigenesis	MP:0002006	8.6	IL12B, IL12A, IFNGR1, ICAM1, TNF
2	digestive/alimentary phenotype	MP:0005381	8.3	TNF, ANGPT2, ICAM1, IFNGR1, IL12B, IL9
3	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	7.4	TNF, CXCL10, ANGPT2, ICAM1, IFNGR1, IL12A
4	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	7.1	AHSP, TNF, CXCL10, ANGPT2, ICAM1, IFNGR1
5	hematopoietic system phenotype	MP:0005397	6.7	CXCL10, TNF, AHSP, HAVCR1, ICAM1, IFNGR1
6	immune system phenotype	MP:0005387	6.5	CD36, HAVCR1, AHSP, TNF, CXCL10, ANGPT2

Publications for Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
⁵¹PubMed
See all sources

Articles related to Cerebral Malaria:

(show top 50) (show all 571)

id	Title	Authors	Year
1	Histidine-rich protein 2 plasma levels predict progression to cerebral malaria in Malawian children with Plasmodium falciparum infection. (23630364)	Fox L.L.... Seydel K.B.	2013
2	Nuclear factor kappa B modulates apoptosis in the brain endothelial cells and intravascular leukocytes of fatal cerebral malaria. (23890318)	Punsawad C.... Viriyavejakul P.	2013
3	Dose responses of proveblue methylene blue in an experimental murine cerebral malaria model. (23669389)	Dormoi J.... Pradines B.	2013
4	Clinical and laboratory predictors of outcome in cerebral malaria in suburban Nigeria. (23949295)	Oluwayemi O.I.... Oyedeji G.A.	2013
5	Neurocognitive sequelae of cerebral malaria in adults: a pilot study in Benguela Central Hospital, Angola. (23836023)	Peixoto B.... Kalei I.	2013
6	High Plasma Levels of Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule (ICAM)-1 Are Associated with Cerebral Malaria. (24386348)	Adukpo S.... Dodoo D.	2013
7	Association of TNF level with production of circulating cellular microparticles during clinical manifestation of human cerebral malaria. (23459075)	Sahu U.... Ranjit M.	2013
8	IFNAR1 controls progression to cerebral malaria in children and CD8+ T cell brain pathology in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. (23585679)	Ball E.A.... Penha-GonAsalves C.	2013
9	Neuroleptic malignant syndrome masked by cerebral malaria. (23704432)	Rajesh K.M.... Sakthi A.N.	2013
10	Neurological sequelae in survivors of cerebral malaria. (24198884)	Oluwayemi I.O.... Oluwayemi M.A.	2013
11	IFN-I^-producing CD4+ T cells promote experimental cerebral malaria by modulating CD8+ T cell accumulation within the brain. (22723523)	Villegas-Mendez A.... Couper K.N.	2012
12	Prevalence of raised intracranial pressure in cerebral malaria detected by optic nerve sheath ultrasound. (23033398)	Beare N.A.... Molyneux M.E.	2012
13	Plasmodium berghei ANKA: erythropoietin activates neural stem cells in an experimental cerebral malaria model. (21044627)	Core A.... Penkowa M.	2011
14	CD8+ T cells and IFN-I^ mediate the time-dependent accumulation of infected red blood cells in deep organs during experimental cerebral malaria. (21494565)	Claser C.... RAcnia L.	2011
15	Nogo-A expression in the brain of mice with cerebral malaria. (21980529)	Lackner P.... Schmutzhard E.	2011
16	CXCL4 and CXCL10 predict risk of fatal cerebral malaria. (21508508)	Wilson N.O.... Stiles J.K.	2011
17	Cutting edge: the membrane attack complex of complement is required for the development of murine experimental cerebral malaria. (21572031)	Ramos T.N.... Barnum S.R.	2011
18	The neuropathology of fatal cerebral malaria in malawian children. (21514429)	Dorovini-Zis K.... Taylor T.E.	2011
19	In the eye of experimental cerebral malaria. (21741941)	Saggu R.... Viola A.	2011
20	The murine cerebral malaria phenomenon. (19932638)	White N.J.... Day N.P.	2010
21	Severe neurological sequelae and behaviour problems after cerebral malaria in Ugandan children. (20398391)	Idro R.... Byarugaba J.	2010
22	Rethinking cerebral malaria pathology. (20613511)	Milner D.A.	2010
23	Platelet factor 4 regulation of monocyte KLF4 in experimental cerebral malaria. (20454664)	Srivastava K.... Morrell C.N.	2010
24	Murine cerebral malaria is associated with a vasospasm-like microcirculatory dysfunction, and survival upon rescue treatment is markedly increased by nimodipine. (20110412)	Cabrales P.... Carvalho L.J.	2010
25	Fluorescein angiography findings strengthen the theoretical basis for trialling neuroprotective agents in cerebral malaria. (19635680)	Maude R.J.... Beare N.A.	2009
26	Severe retinal whitening in an adult with cerebral malaria. (19478242)	Maude R.J.... Beare N.A.	2009
27	Whole blood angiopoietin-1 and -2 levels discriminate cerebral and severe (non-cerebral) malaria from uncomplicated malaria. (20003529)	Conroy A.L.... Kain K.C.	2009
28	Retinal pathology of pediatric cerebral malaria in Malawi. (19177166)	White V.A.... Taylor T.E.	2009
29	Surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy after cerebral malaria. (18515154)	Schijns O.E.... Hoogland G.	2008
30	Significant association between TIM1 promoter polymorphisms and protection against cerebral malaria in Thailand. (18294362)	Nuchnoi P.... Patarapotikul J.	2008
31	Chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligands CXCL9 and CXCL10 are required for the development of murine cerebral malaria. (18347328)	Campanella G.S.... Luster A.D.	2008
32	Evaluation of alternative diagnostic techniques for diagnosis of cerebral malaria in a tertiary referral hospital in Bangladesh. (18626455)	Hossain M.A.... Faiz M.A.	2008
33	Host biomarkers and biological pathways that are associated with the expression of experimental cerebral malaria in mice. (18644885)	Oakley M.S.... Kumar S.	2008
34	Cerebrospinal fluid and serum biomarkers of cerebral malaria mortality in Ghanaian children. (17997848)	Armah H.B.... Stiles J.K.	2007
35	Glial activation and matrix metalloproteinase release in cerebral malaria. (17454443)	Szklarczyk A.... Conant K.	2007
36	Plasmodium vivax cerebral malaria. (17620697)	Thapa R.... Kundu R.	2007
37	Cerebral malaria is associated with IgG2 and IgG4 antibody responses to recombinant Plasmodium falciparum RIFIN antigen. (16679041)	Schreiber N.... Klinkert M.Q.	2006
38	Perforin mediated apoptosis of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells during experimental cerebral malaria. (16500656)	Potter S.... Hunt N.H.	2006
39	Epilepsy as a consequence of cerebral malaria in area in which malaria is endemic in Mali, West Africa. (16686652)	Ngoungou E.B.... Preux P.M.	2006
40	Experimental models of cerebral malaria. (16265904)	Engwerda C.... RAcnia L.	2005
41	Fulminant cerebral malaria in a Swiss patient. (15750758)	Muehlethaler K.... Nguyen X.M.	2005
42	Parasite diversity in adult patients with cerebral malaria: a hospital-based, case-control study. (15642966)	Shigidi M.M.... Sokrab T.E.	2004
43	Differentiating the pathologies of cerebral malaria by postmortem parasite counts. (14745442)	Taylor T.E.... Mueller J.G.	2004
44	Commonly recognised Plasmodium falciparum parasites cause cerebral malaria. (13680376)	Lindenthal C.... Klinkert M.Q.	2003
45	Fcgamma receptor IIA and IIIB polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to cerebral malaria. (12421634)	Omi K.... Tokunaga K.	2002
46	Association of adhesion molecule PECAM-1/CD31 polymorphism with susceptibility to cerebral malaria in Thais. (11719109)	Kikuchi M.... Hirayama K.	2001
47	Removal of plasma polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase and TNFalpha in a child with cerebral malaria by means of PD: a case report. (10433165)	Amirlak I.... Uduman S.	1999
48	Inducible nitric oxide synthase polymorphism and fatal cerebral malaria. (9777841)	Burgner D.... Kwiatkowski D.	1998
49	Inhibition of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) production by antimalarial drugs used in cerebral malaria. (7778153)	Kwiatkowski D.... Bate C.	1995
50	TNF in cerebral malaria. (8483997)	Clark I.A.... Cowden W.B.	1993

Genes related to Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
¹⁸GeneCards, ¹antibodies-online, ⁴⁵Novus Biologicals, ⁴⁶OMIM
See all sources

Genes related to Cerebral Malaria:

(show all 18)

- Elite gene

id	Symbol	Description	Score	Implication
1	ICAM1	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	20.50	Molecular basis known ⁴⁶ Susceptibility factor ⁴⁶ GeneCards inferred via : Publications, Functions (show sections)
2	TNF	tumor necrosis factor	19.38	Molecular basis known ⁴⁶ Susceptibility factor ⁴⁶ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
3	CD36	CD36 molecule (thrombospondin receptor)	18.27	Molecular basis known ⁴⁶ Susceptibility factor ⁴⁶ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
4	IL9	interleukin 9	17.16	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
5	AHSP	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	16.05	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
6	CXCL11	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11	14.94	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
7	HBE1	hemoglobin, epsilon 1	13.83	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
8	ANGPT2	angiopoietin 2	12.72	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
9	TCN2	transcobalamin II	11.61	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
10	FCGR3B	Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIIb, receptor (CD16b)	10.50	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
11	GYPB	glycophorin B (MNS blood group)	9.38	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
12	IL12A	interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35)	8.27	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
13	KIR2DL3	killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 3	7.16	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
14	CXCL10	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10	6.05	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
15	IL12B	interleukin 12B (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 2, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 2, p40)	4.94	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
16	GYPA	glycophorin A (MNS blood group)	3.83	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
17	HAVCR1	hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1	2.72	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
18	IFNGR1	interferon gamma receptor 1	1.61	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)

Products for genes related to Cerebral Malaria disease:

id	Company	Proteins	Lysates	Antibodies	Kits and Assays
1	Antibodies-online	18	-	18	18
2	Novus Biologicals	18	16	16	-

Variations for Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
⁷Clinvar
See all sources

Clinvar genetic disease variations for Cerebral Malaria:

⁷

id	Gene	Name	Type	Significance	SNP ID	Assembly	Location
1		NM_013324.5(CISH): c.-524T> A	single nucleotide variant	risk factor	rs414171	GRCh37	Chr 3, 50649499: 50649499

Expression for genes affiliated with Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
²BioGPS, ¹⁶Gene Expression Omnibus DataSets
See all sources

Expression patterns in normal tissues for genes affiliated with Cerebral Malaria

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Cerebral Malaria.

Pathways for genes affiliated with Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
⁴⁹PathCards, ⁵⁹Thomson Reuters, ⁵³R&D Systems, ⁵²QIAGEN, ³⁷NCBI BioSystems Database, ³⁰KEGG, ⁵⁴Reactome
See all sources

Pathways related to Cerebral Malaria according to GeneCards/GeneDecks:

(show all 35)

id	Super pathways (with members indented)	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Immune response MIF mediated glucocorticoid regulation⁵⁹	10.1	ICAM1, TNF
2	IL-15 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types⁵³ Show member pathways IL-2 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types⁵³	9.9	TNF, IL12A
3	LDL Oxidation in Atherogenesis⁵²	9.8	ICAM1, CD36, TNF
4	TRAF Pathway⁵² Show member pathways TNF Superfamily Pathway⁵² Toll-Like Receptors Pathway⁵²	9.7	IL12B, TNF
5	Cytokines and Inflammatory Response³⁷	9.7	IL12B, TNF
6	Spinal Cord Injury³⁷	9.6	ICAM1, CXCL10, TNF
7	TNF signaling pathway³⁰	9.6	ICAM1, CXCL10, TNF
8	Immune response IL 12 signaling pathway⁵⁹	9.6	IL12A, IL12B
9	Immune response IL 23 signaling pathway⁵⁹ Show member pathways IL23-mediated signaling events³⁷ Angiopoietin-TIE2 Signaling⁵² Immune response IL 10 signaling pathway⁵⁹ Angiopoietin receptor Tie2-mediated signaling³⁷ Development PDGF signaling via STATs and NF kB⁵⁹ Development Angiopoietin Tie2 signaling⁵⁹	9.5	IL12B, ANGPT2, TNF
10	Hematopoietic cell lineage³⁰	9.4	CD36, TNF, GYPA
11	Osteoclast differentiation³⁰	9.4	IFNGR1, TNF, FCGR3B
12	Amoebiasis³⁰	9.4	IL12B, TNF, IL12A
13	Legionellosis³⁰	9.4	IL12B, IL12A, TNF
14	Pertussis³⁰	9.4	TNF, IL12B, IL12A
15	MSP-RON Signaling⁵²	9.4	IL12B, IL12A, TNF
16	Integrin Pathway⁵² Show member pathways Inhibition of Angiogenesis by TSP1⁵² Transendothelial Migration of Leukocytes⁵² FAK1 Signaling⁵² GnRH Signaling⁵² UPA-UPAR Pathway⁵²	9.3	ICAM1, CXCL11, CD36, CXCL10
17	Type II interferon signaling (IFNG)³⁷	9.3	ICAM1, IFNGR1, CXCL10
18	African trypanosomiasis³⁰	9.2	IL12A, IL12B, ICAM1, TNF
19	Cytokine Network⁵²	9.1	IL12A, IL12B, IL9, TNF
20	Immune response Bacterial infections in normal airways⁵⁹ Show member pathways Transcription NF kB signaling pathway⁵⁹ Immune response Toll like receptor TLR ligands and common TLR signaling pathway leading to cell proinflammatory response⁵⁹ Bacterial infections in CF airways⁵⁹ IL 1 beta dependent CFTR expression⁵⁹	9.0	TNF, CXCL11, IFNGR1, CXCL10
21	RIG-I/MDA5 mediated induction of IFN-alpha/beta pathways⁵⁴ Show member pathways RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway³⁰ TRAF6 mediated IRF7 activation⁵⁴ TRAF3-dependent IRF activation pathway⁵⁴ NF-kB activation through FADD/RIP-1 pathway mediated by caspase-8 and -10⁵⁴ Negative regulators of RIG-I/MDA5 signaling⁵⁴	8.9	IL12B, CXCL10, IL12A, TNF
22	Th1 Differentiation⁵³ Show member pathways IL27-mediated signaling events³⁷	8.8	IL12B, IL12A, IFNGR1, TNF
23	Jak-STAT signaling pathway³⁰ Show member pathways Type III interferon signaling³⁷	8.8	IL12A, IFNGR1, IL12B, IL9
24	Immune response Role of DAP12 receptors in NK cells⁵⁹ Show member pathways Immune response CD16 signaling in NK cells⁵⁹ Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity³⁰	8.8	ICAM1, FCGR3B, KIR2DL3, IFNGR1, TNF
25	Leishmaniasis³⁰ Show member pathways Toxoplasmosis³⁰ Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)³⁰	8.5	IFNGR1, TNF, FCGR3B, IL12A, IL12B
26	Tuberculosis³⁰	8.5	FCGR3B, TNF, IFNGR1, IL12B, IL12A
27	Malaria³⁰	8.5	GYPA, TNF, GYPB, ICAM1, IL12A, CD36
28	TGF-Beta Pathway⁵² Show member pathways SOCS Pathway⁵² JAK-STAT Pathway⁵² Regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K⁵² JNK Pathway⁵² MAPK Family Pathway⁵²	8.3	IL12A, ANGPT2, TNF, IL9, IL12B, IFNGR1
29	Influenza A³⁰ Show member pathways Measles³⁰ Herpes simplex infection³⁰	8.2	TNF, CXCL10, IL12B, IFNGR1, IL12A, ICAM1
30	ERK Signaling⁵² Show member pathways ILK Signaling⁵² Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer⁵² Rho Family GTPases⁵² MAPK Signaling⁵²	8.1	ANGPT2, IL12B, IL9, CXCL11, CXCL10, TNF
31	Akt Signaling⁵² Show member pathways p38 Signaling⁵² Tec Kinases Signaling⁵²	8.1	IL12A, IL9, IL12B, ANGPT2, TNF, CXCL10
32	PAK Pathway⁵² Show member pathways Epithelial Adherens Junctions⁵² Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C⁵²	8.1	IL9, TNF, IL12B, CXCL11, IL12A, CXCL10
33	Toll-like receptor signaling pathway³⁰ Show member pathways Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)³⁰ Toll-like receptor signaling pathway³⁷ Regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway³⁷ Hepatitis B³⁰	8.1	TNF, CXCL11, CXCL10, IFNGR1, IL12A, IL12B
34	Allograft rejection³⁰ Show member pathways Autoimmune thyroid disease³⁰ Viral myocarditis³⁰ Intestinal immune network for IgA production³⁰ Allograft Rejection³⁷ Asthma³⁰ Type I diabetes mellitus³⁰ Graft-versus-host disease³⁰ CTL Mediated Apoptosis⁵² Antigen processing and presentation³⁰ THC Differentiation Pathway⁵²	8.0	IL12A, TNF, ICAM1, IL12B, IFNGR1, KIR2DL3
35	PEDF Induced Signaling⁵² Show member pathways all-trans-Retinoic Acid Signaling in Brain⁵² Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction³⁰ NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions⁵² STAT3 Pathway⁵² RAR-Gamma-RXR-Alpha Degradation⁵² PGC1Alpha Pathway⁵² Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling⁵² IL-6 Pathway⁵² Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway⁵² MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells⁵² MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation⁵²	7.6	IL9, IL12B, IL12A, IFNGR1, ANGPT2, CXCL10

Compounds for genes affiliated with Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
⁴⁴Novoseek, ⁵⁰PharmGKB, ¹²DrugBank, ²⁹IUPHAR, ⁶⁰Tocris Bioscience, ³BitterDB, ²⁵HMDB
See all sources

Compounds related to Cerebral Malaria according to GeneCards/GeneDecks:

(show top 50) (show all 62)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cdp571⁴⁴	10.4	TNF, ICAM1
2	interferon gamma⁴⁴	10.4	ICAM1, TNF
3	11-deoxy-pge1⁴⁴	10.3	ICAM1, CD36
4	n-tosyl-l-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone⁴⁴	10.3	ICAM1, TNF
5	budesonide⁴⁴ ⁵⁰ ¹²	12.3	TNF, CD36, ICAM1
6	ulinastatin⁴⁴	10.2	TNF, ICAM1
7	methacholine⁴⁴ ⁵⁰ ¹²	12.2	ICAM1, AHSP, IL9
8	efalizumab⁴⁴ ¹²	11.2	TNF, ICAM1, FCGR3B
9	natalizumab⁴⁴ ¹²	11.2	TNF, FCGR3B, ICAM1
10	alefacept⁴⁴ ¹²	11.1	FCGR3B, TNF
11	n-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine⁴⁴	10.1	TNF, ICAM1, FCGR3B
12	mycophenolate mofetil⁴⁴ ⁵⁰ ¹²	12.1	CD36, IL12A, TNF
13	groalpha⁴⁴	10.0	CXCL10, ICAM1, TNF
14	sulfasalazine²⁹ ⁴⁴ ⁵⁰ ¹²	12.9	TNF, IL12B, ICAM1
15	neopterin⁴⁴	9.9	TNF, ICAM1, CXCL10
16	infliximab⁴⁴ ⁵⁰ ¹²	11.9	TNF, CXCL10, ANGPT2
17	pentoxifylline⁴⁴ ¹²	10.9	ICAM1, TNF, IL12B
18	troglitazone⁴⁴ ²⁹ ⁶⁰ ¹²	12.8	ICAM1, CD36, TNF
19	fibrinogen⁴⁴	9.8	TNF, AHSP, ICAM1, ANGPT2
20	ccl3⁴⁴ ²⁹	10.8	TNF, CXCL10, CXCL11, ICAM1
21	chloroquine⁴⁴ ³ ⁵⁰ ²⁹ ¹²	13.8	TNF, TCN2, CXCL10
22	herbimycin a⁴⁴ ⁶⁰	10.7	ICAM1, CD36, TNF
23	leukotriene b4⁴⁴ ⁶⁰ ²⁵	11.7	TNF, CXCL10, FCGR3B
24	hydrocortisone⁴⁴ ³ ⁶⁰ ¹²	12.7	CD36, TNF, CXCL10
25	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid⁴⁴	9.7	IL12B, CXCL10, TNF
26	poly(i-c)⁴⁴	9.7	IL12B, CXCL10, TNF
27	il 10⁴⁴	9.7	CXCL10, TNF, IL12B
28	matrigel⁴⁴	9.7	ICAM1, ANGPT2, CD36, CXCL10
29	sb 203580⁴⁴ ⁶⁰	10.6	TNF, ICAM1, IL12B, CD36
30	ccl4⁴⁴ ²⁹	10.6	IL12B, CXCL11, CXCL10
31	cyclosporin a⁴⁴ ²⁹ ⁶⁰	11.6	ICAM1, ANGPT2, TNF, CXCL11
32	tarc⁴⁴	9.6	TNF, ICAM1, IL9, CXCL10, CXCL11
33	h2o2⁴⁴	9.6	CD36, TNF, FCGR3B, ANGPT2, ICAM1
34	histamine⁴⁴ ²⁹ ²⁵	11.6	AHSP, CXCL10, TNF, ICAM1, IL9
35	ly294002⁴⁴	9.5	TNF, IL12B, CD36, ANGPT2, ICAM1
36	vegf⁴⁴	9.4	CXCL10, ICAM1, CD36, ANGPT2, TNF
37	thymidine⁴⁴ ²⁵	10.3	IL9, CXCL10, ANGPT2, TNF
38	endotoxin⁴⁴	9.3	TNF, ICAM1, CXCL10, AHSP, IL12B
39	genistein⁴⁴ ²⁹ ⁶⁰ ³ ²⁵ ¹²	14.3	FCGR3B, TNF, ICAM1, CXCL10, CD36, IL9
40	dexamethasone⁴⁴ ⁵⁰ ²⁹ ¹²	12.3	CXCL10, CD36, ICAM1, ANGPT2, CXCL11, TNF
41	retinoic acid⁴⁴ ²⁵	10.3	IL9, ICAM1, ANGPT2, CD36, CXCL10, TNF
42	rantes⁴⁴	9.0	TNF, IL9, IL12B, ICAM1, CXCL11, CXCL10
43	cycloheximide⁴⁴	9.0	TCN2, CD36, IL12B, ICAM1, CXCL10, TNF
44	phosphatidylinositol⁴⁴	8.9	ICAM1, ANGPT2, CXCL10, IL12B, FCGR3B
45	pge2⁴⁴	8.8	CD36, TNF, CXCL10, AHSP, IL12B, ANGPT2
46	nitric oxide⁴⁴ ²⁵ ¹²	10.8	IL9, ICAM1, ANGPT2, CXCL10, TNF, AHSP
47	oxygen⁴⁴ ²⁵	9.7	TNF, AHSP, ANGPT2, ICAM1, IFNGR1
48	lipid⁴⁴	8.3	AHSP, FCGR3B, GYPA, TNF, CXCL10, IL12B
49	calcium⁴⁴ ⁵⁰ ²⁵ ¹²	10.9	CXCL10, ANGPT2, CXCL11, CD36, GYPA, FCGR3B
50	tyrosine⁴⁴	7.3	ICAM1, KIR2DL3, IL9, IFNGR1, ANGPT2, CXCL10

GO Terms for genes affiliated with Cerebral Malaria

Sources:
¹⁷Gene Ontology
See all sources

Cellular components related to Cerebral Malaria according to GeneCards/GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	hemoglobin complex	GO:005833	9.7	HBE1, AHSP
2	interleukin-12 complex	GO:043514	9.6	IL12B, IL12A
3	external side of plasma membrane	GO:009897	8.9	TNF, GYPA, CXCL10, ICAM1, CD36
4	extracellular region	GO:005576	8.6	FCGR3B, TCN2, CXCL10, CXCL11, ANGPT2, TNF
5	integral component of plasma membrane	GO:005887	8.0	TNF, GYPB, GYPA, ICAM1, IFNGR1, KIR2DL3
6	extracellular space	GO:005615	7.8	IL9, TNF, TCN2, CXCL10, CXCL11, ANGPT2
7	plasma membrane	GO:005886	7.2	TNF, FCGR3B, GYPB, GYPA, ANGPT2, ICAM1

Biological processes related to Cerebral Malaria according to GeneCards/GeneDecks:

(show all 28)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	positive regulation of cAMP metabolic process	GO:030816	10.1	CXCL11, CXCL10
2	T cell chemotaxis	GO:010818	10.1	CXCL10, CXCL11
3	positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	GO:045429	10.1	ICAM1, TNF
4	defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	GO:050830	10.0	CD36, IL12A, TNF
5	positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling	GO:043950	10.0	CXCL11, CXCL10
6	positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation	GO:045672	9.9	TNF, IL12B
7	positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein	GO:042520	9.9	IL12A, IL12B
8	positive regulation of NK T cell activation	GO:051135	9.9	IL12B, IL12A
9	positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation	GO:050671	9.9	IL12A, IL12B
10	positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus	GO:042346	9.9	TNF, IL12B
11	positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target	GO:002860	9.9	IL12A, IL12B
12	negative regulation of growth of symbiont in host	GO:044130	9.9	TNF, IL12B, CD36
13	positive regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process	GO:034393	9.9	IL12A, IL12B
14	positive regulation of natural killer cell activation	GO:032816	9.9	IL12A, IL12B
15	positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol	GO:051281	9.9	CXCL10, CXCL11
16	negative regulation of interleukin-17 production	GO:032700	9.9	IL12B, IL12A
17	cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	GO:071222	9.9	CD36, IL12B, ICAM1
18	response to UV-B	GO:010224	9.9	IL12A, IL12B
19	defense response to protozoan	GO:042832	9.8	IL12B, IL12A
20	positive regulation of interleukin-12 production	GO:032735	9.8	CD36, IL12B
21	chemokine-mediated signaling pathway	GO:070098	9.8	CXCL10, CXCL11
22	positive regulation of interferon-gamma production	GO:032729	9.7	IL12B, IL12A, TNF
23	positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity	GO:001916	9.7	IL12B, IL12A
24	response to activity	GO:014823	9.7	ANGPT2, TNF
25	response to virus	GO:009615	9.6	TNF, IFNGR1, IL12A
26	inflammatory response	GO:006954	9.6	IL9, CXCL11, CXCL10, TNF
27	negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	GO:048662	9.5	IL12A, IL12B
28	immune response	GO:006955	8.8	KIR2DL3, IL9, IL12A, CXCL11, CXCL10, FCGR3B

Molecular functions related to Cerebral Malaria according to GeneCards/GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	CXCR3 chemokine receptor binding	GO:048248	9.7	CXCL10, CXCL11
2	growth factor activity	GO:008083	9.4	IL9, IL12B, IL12A
3	interleukin-12 receptor binding	GO:005143	9.3	IL12A, IL12B
4	cytokine activity	GO:005125	9.1	IL9, IL12B, IL12A, TNF
5	virus receptor activity	GO:001618	8.9	ICAM1, GYPA, HAVCR1

Products for genes affiliated with Cerebral Malaria

Antibodies
Proteins
Lysates

Antibodies
Proteins
Kits and Assays

Sources for Cerebral Malaria

¹antibodies-online

²BioGPS

³BitterDB

⁴CDC

⁵Cell Signaling Technology

⁶ClinicalTrials

⁷Clinvar

⁸dbSNP

⁹Disease Ontology

¹⁰diseasecard

¹¹DISEASES

¹²DrugBank

¹³EMD Millipore

¹⁴ExPASy

¹⁵FMA

¹⁶Gene Expression Omnibus DataSets

¹⁷Gene Ontology

¹⁸GeneCards

¹⁹GeneDecks

²⁰GeneReviews

²¹GeneTests

²²Genetics Home Reference

²³GTR

²⁴HGMD

²⁵HMDB

²⁶ICD10

²⁷ICD10 via Orphanet

²⁸ICD9CM

²⁹IUPHAR

³⁰KEGG

³¹LifeMap Discovery®

³²MalaCards

³³MedlinePlus

³⁴MeSH

³⁵MESH via Orphanet

³⁶MGI

³⁷NCBI BioSystems Database

³⁸NCBI Bookshelf

³⁹NCIt

⁴⁰NDF-RT

⁴¹NIH Clinical Center

⁴²NIH Rare Diseases

⁴³NINDS

⁴⁴Novoseek

⁴⁵Novus Biologicals

⁴⁶OMIM

⁴⁷OMIM via Orphanet

⁴⁸Orphanet

⁴⁹PathCards

⁵⁰PharmGKB

⁵¹PubMed

⁵²QIAGEN

⁵³R&D Systems

⁵⁴Reactome

⁵⁵SinoBiological

⁵⁶SNOMED-CT

⁵⁷SNOMED-CT via Orphanet

⁵⁸The Human Phenotype Ontology

⁵⁹Thomson Reuters

⁶⁰Tocris Bioscience

⁶¹UMLS

⁶²UMLS via Orphanet

⁶³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁶⁴Wikipedia

CM MCID: CRB021 MIFTS: 59	Cerebral Malaria (CM) malady Infectious diseases category
1 drug, 18 genes, 16 tissues, 227 related diseases, clinical trials Download this MalaCard Expand all tables

Cerebral Malaria (CM) malady