Summaries for Coloboma

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17Genetics Home Reference, 44Wikipedia, 33OMIM, 22MalaCards
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Genetics Home Reference: Coloboma is an eye abnormality that occurs before birth. Colobomas are missing pieces of tissue in structures that form the eye. They may appear as notches or gaps in one of several parts of the eye, including the colored part of the eye called the iris; the retina, which is the specialized light-sensitive tissue that lines the back of the eye; the blood vessel layer under the retina called the choroid; or the optic nerves, which carry information from the eyes to the brain.17

MalaCards: Coloboma, also known as congenital ocular coloboma (disorder), is related to renal coloboma syndrome and coloboma of iris. An important gene associated with Coloboma is PAX2 (paired box 2), and among its related pathways is Transcription factors in neurogenesis. Affiliated tissues include brain, retina and heart, and related mouse phenotypes are taste/olfaction and hearing/vestibular/ear.

Wikipedia: A coloboma (from the Greek koloboma, meaning defect,) is a hole in one of the structures of the eye,...44 more...

OMIM: 120200

Aliases & Descriptions for Coloboma

Sources:
6Disease Ontology, 7diseasecard, 16GeneTests, 17Genetics Home Reference, 8DISEASES, 33OMIM, 32Novoseek , 43UMLS, 24MeSH, 40SNOMED-CT
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Aliases & Descriptions:

coloboma 6 7 16 17 8 32
congenital ocular coloboma (disorder) 6
coloboma of eye (disorder) 6
neonatal hemochromatosis 43
uveoretinal coloboma 17
coloboma, ocular 33
ocular coloboma 17

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SNOMED-CT40 92828000, 93390002

Related Diseases for Coloboma

Sources:
13GeneCards, 14GeneDecks
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Diseases related to coloboma by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 246)
idRelated DiseaseScoreTop Affiliating Genes
1renal coloboma syndrome35.2PITX2, PAX2
2coloboma of iris30.1IGBP1, CECR9, CECR5, CECR2, CECR, CECR6
3anophthalmia30.0PAX2, PAX6, RAX, BMP4, VAX1, VSX2
4coach syndrome29.6RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A
5microphthalmia29.5GDF6, GDF3, SIX6, SIX3, PORCN, SOX2
6cat eye syndrome29.3CECR9, CECR5, CECR2, CECR, CECR6, CECR1
7klippel-feil syndrome29.3GDF6, GDF3, KIR2DS4
8esophageal atresia29.2SOX2, TCOF1, SHH, CHD7
9cataracts, autosomal dominant29.1CRYBB1, CRYAA, GJA8
10microphthalmia with coloboma 628.9GDF3, GDF6
11congenital diaphragmatic hernia28.6STRA6, SHH, TMX3, CHD2, PAX6
12anophthalmia/microphthalmia28.5SIX6, SIX3, SOX2, STRA6, PITX2, OTX2
13leber congenital amaurosis28.4RPE65, RPGRIP1, CRX, CRB1, TULP1, AIPL1
14cataract28.3GDF6, GDF3, SIX6, SOX2, SOD1, TFAP2A
15congenital cataracts27.7PAX6, MAF, GJA8, CRYAA, CRYBB1
16microcephaly27.1POMGNT1, TCOF1, SHH, PQBP1, DDX11, ZEB2
17congenital heart defect26.6PITX2, TBX5, CHD7, ZEB2
18microphthalmia cataract13.8SIX6, CRYBA4, VSX2
19cataract-glaucoma13.7SOX2, PITX2, OTX2, PAX6
20aniridia13.7SIX3, PITX2, OTX2, FOXE3, PAX2, PAX6
21cataract microcornea syndrome13.7CRYBB1, CRYAA, GJA8, MAF
22cataract, zonular13.6CRYBA4, CRYAA, GJA8
23tracheoesophageal fistula13.6SOX2, SHH, CHD7
24choanal atresia13.4TCOF1, SHH, UBXN11, CHD7, CHD2
25congenital hepatic fibrosis13.4RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A
26myopia 613.3POMGNT1, SOX2, SOD1, CRYBB1, GJA8, ZEB2
27multicystic renal dysplasia, bilateral13.3PAX2, CEP290, TMEM67
28developmental disabilities13.3SOX10, PITX2, TBX5, PAX2, PAX6
29cerebellar hypoplasia13.3CC2D2A, TMEM67, RPGRIP1L, POMGNT1
30craniofacial anomalies13.3KIR2DS4, BMP4, TBX5, SHH
31encephaloceles13.2RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A, CEP290
32encephalocele13.2RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A, CEP290
33meckel syndrome13.2RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A, CEP290
34holoprosencephaly13.2SIX6, SIX3, EAPP, SHH, SNX6, OTX2
35choroiditis13.2GDF6, GDF3, SIX6, STRA6, SHH, RPE65
36hypopituitarism13.2SIX3, SOX2, SOD1, OTX2
37pigmentary retinopathy13.1RPE65, CRX, TMEM67, GUCY2D, CEP290, RDH12
38keratoconus13.1SOD1, CRX, CRB1, TULP1, AIPL1, GUCY2D
39asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy13.1NPHP1, RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A
40retinal disease13.1RPE65, RPGRIP1, CRX, CRB1, TULP1, AIPL1
41peters anomaly13.1PITX2, CRYBB1, GJA8, EXT1, MAF, FOXE3
42stickler syndrome13.0NPHP1, PITX2, CRYAA, CEP290, PAX6, VSX2
43glaucoma13.0POMGNT1, SOX2, SOD1, PITX2, RPGRIP1, CRYAA
44joubert syndrome and related disorders13.0NPHP1, RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A, CEP290
45microtia13.0MNDEC, FGF3, TCOF1
46early-onset ataxia with oculomotor apraxia and hypoalbuminemia13.0NPHP1, RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A, CEP290
47oculomotor apraxia13.0NPHP1, RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A, CEP290
48senior-loken syndrome13.0NPHP1, RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A, CEP290
49anosmia12.9CHD7, CEP290, NPHP1
50apraxia12.9NPHP1, RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A, CEP290

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to coloboma:



Graphical network of diseases related to coloboma

Clinical Features for Coloboma

Sources:
33OMIM
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Clinical features from OMIM: 120200

Drugs & Therapeutics for Coloboma

Sources:
4CenterWatch, 29NIH Clinical Center, 5ClinicalTrials, 43UMLS, 28NDF-RT
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Approved drugs:

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Drug clinical trials:

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Genetic Tests for Coloboma

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16GeneTests
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Genetic tests related to coloboma:

id Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Coloboma
clinical/research

Anatomical Context for Coloboma

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22MalaCards
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MalaCards organs/tissues related to coloboma:

22
Brain, Retina, Heart, Kidney, Fetal brain

Phenotypes for genes affiliated with Coloboma

Sources:
25MGI
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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to coloboma:

25 (show all 18)
idDescriptionMGI Source AccessionScoreTop Affiliating Genes
1taste/olfaction phenotypeMP:000539410.2SIX3, SOX2, TCOF1, SHH, SNAP25, OTX2
2hearing/vestibular/ear phenotypeMP:00053778.8OTX2, SNAP25, SHH, TFAP2A, TCOF1, SOD1
3pigmentation phenotypeMP:00011868.8CRX, RPE65, PHACTR4, PITX2, TFAP2A, SOX10
4respiratory system phenotypeMP:00053888.5PITX2, SHH, TFAP2A, TCOF1, SOX2, SIX3
5reproductive system phenotypeMP:00053898.3OTX2, SNAP25, PITX2, SHH, SOD1, SOX2
6endocrine/exocrine gland phenotypeMP:00053798.2SHH, TFAP2A, TCOF1, SOD1, SOX10, SOX2
7digestive/alimentary phenotypeMP:00053818.2PITX2, SHH, TFAP2A, TCOF1, SOX10, SOX2
8cardiovascular system phenotypeMP:00053857.8DDX11, OTX2, SRD5A3, SNAP25, RPGRIP1L, PITX2
9behavior/neurological phenotypeMP:00053867.7SNAP25, OTX2, HMX1, EXT1, CRX, SHH
10limbs/digits/tail phenotypeMP:00053717.6RPGRIP1L, PITX2, SHH, TFAP2A, SOX10, PORCN
11craniofacial phenotypeMP:00053827.5GDF6, MAF, FREM1, CECR2, CHD7, ZEB2
12skeleton phenotypeMP:00053907.0SHH, PITX2, RPGRIP1L, SNAP25, OTX2, TFAP2A
13growth/size phenotypeMP:00053786.3SHH, PITX2, RPGRIP1L, SNAP25, SRD5A3, OTX2
14embryogenesis phenotypeMP:00053806.0CHD7, ZEB2, BCOR, KDM2B, PAX2, PAX6
15cellular phenotypeMP:00053845.9PITX2, PHACTR4, CRYAA, OTX2, DDX11, TMEM67
16vision/eye phenotypeMP:00053914.8NPHP1, POMGNT1, SOX2, SOD1, TCOF1, TFAP2A
17nervous system phenotypeMP:00036314.7RPGRIP1, RPGRIP1L, CRX, CRB1, SNAP25, SRD5A3
18mortality/agingMP:00107683.4LRP6, TFAP2A, ABCB6, SHH, PITX2, PHACTR4

Publications for genes affiliated with Coloboma

Sources:
35PubMed
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Articles related to coloboma:

(show all 44)
idTitleAuthorsYearAffiliating Genes
1Update of PAX2 mutations in renal coloboma syndrome and establishment of a locus-specific database. (22213154)Bower M.... Heidet L.2012PAX2
2ABCB6 mutations cause ocular coloboma. (22226084)Wang L.... Yang Z.2012ABCB6
3First implication of STRA6 mutations in isolated anophthalmia, microphthalmia, and coloboma: A new dimension to the STRA6 phenotype. (21901792)Casey J.... Ennis S.2011STRA6
4PAX6 gene analysis in irido-fundal coloboma. (21655361)Kumar K.... Dada R.2011PAX6
5Mutational screening of CHX10, GDF6, OTX2, RAX and SO X2 genes in 50 unrelated microphthalmia-anophthalmia-coloboma (MAC) spectrum ca ses. (20494911)Gonzalez-Rodriguez J.... Zenteno J.C.2010OTX2, SOX2, RAX
6Homozygous FOXE3 mutations cause non-syndromic, bilat eral, total sclerocornea, aphakia, microphthalmia and optic disc coloboma. (20664696)Ali M.... Zenteno J.C.2010FOXE3
7An 8.35 Mb overlapping interstitial deletion of 8q24 in two patients with coloboma, congenital heart defect, limb abnormalities, psy chomotor retardation and convulsions. (19464398)Verheij J.B.... van Ravenswaaij-Arts C.M.2009EXT1, TRPS1
8A new locus for congenital cataract, microcornea, microphthalmia, and atypical iris coloboma maps to chromosome 2. (19004499)Abouzeid H.... Schorderet D.F.2009PAX6
9Sequence alterations in RX in patients with microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma. (19158959)London N.J.... Traboulsi E.I.2009RAX
10A 649 kb microduplication in 1p34.1, including POMGNT1, in a patient with microcephaly, coloboma and laryngomalacia; and a review of the literature. (19452620)Hanemaaijer N.... van Ravenswaaij-Arts C.M.2009POMGNT1
11Mutational screening of 10 genes in Chinese patients with microphthalmia and/or coloboma. (20057906)Zhang X.... Zhang Q.2009BMP4, PAX6, LRP6
12A case of renal-coloboma syndrome associated with men tal developmental delay exhibiting a novel PAX2 gene mutation. (19954729)Miyazawa T.... Takemura T.2009PAX2, PITX2
13Novel heterozygous OTX2 mutations and whole gene deletions in anophthalmia, microphthalmia and coloboma. (18781617)Wyatt A.... Ragge N.2008OTX2
14Novel SOX2 mutation associated with ocular coloboma in a Chinese family. (18474784)Wang P.... Zhang Q.2008SOX2
15A new autosomal recessive syndrome of ocular coloboma s, ichthyosis, brain malformations and endocrine abnormalities in an inbred Emi rati family. (18271001)Al-Gazali L.... Dattani M.2008SOD1
16A clinico-genetic study of renal coloboma syndrome in children. (17541647)Cheong H.I.... Choi Y.2007PAX2
17Renal-coloboma syndrome: a single nucleotide deletion in the PAX2 gene at Exon 8 is associated with a highly variable phenotype. (17269592)Taranta A.... Dello Strologo L.2007PAX2
18Renal hypoplasia without optic coloboma associated with PAX2 gene deletion. (17403695)Benetti E.... Murer L.2007PAX2
19New phenotype associated with an Arg116Cys mutation in the CRYAA gene: nuclear cataract, iris coloboma, and microphthalmia. (17296897)Beby F.... Morle L.2007CRYAA
20SNP genome scanning localizes oto-dental syndrome to chromosome 11q13 and microdeletions at this locus implicate FGF3 in dental and inner-ear disease and FADD in ocular coloboma. (17656375)Gregory-Evans C.Y.... Gregory-Evans K.2007FADD, FGF3
21Exclusion of LCA5 locus in a consanguineous Turkish family with macular coloboma-type LCA. (16082399)Ozgul R.K.... Ogus A.2006RDH12, RPE65, GUCY2D
22Absence of SIX6 mutations in microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma. (15505031)Aijaz S.... Hanson I.2004SIX6
23Ocular coloboma and high myopia with Hirschsprung disease associated with a novel ZFHX1B missense mutation and trisomy 21. (15384097)Gregory-Evans C.Y.... Gregory-Evans K.2004ZEB2
24Ureteric bud apoptosis and renal hypoplasia in transgenic PAX2-Bax fetal mice mimics the renal-coloboma syndrome. (14569086)Dziarmaga A.... Eccles M.2003PAX2
25Norepinephrine regulates locomotor hyperactivity in the mouse mutant coloboma. (12759129)Jones M.D.... Hess E.J.2003SNAP25
26Optic nerve dysplasia and renal insufficiency in a family with a novel PAX2 mutation, Arg115X: further ophthalmologic delineation of the renal-coloboma syndrome. (14566649)Schimmenti L.A.... Sieving P.A.2003PAX2
27A new X-linked syndrome with agenesis of the corpus callosum, mental retardation, coloboma, micrognathia, and a mutation in the alpha 4 gene at Xq13. (14556245)Graham J.M. Jr.... Cox T.C.2003IGBP1
28Renal-coloboma syndrome (12410411)Asensio Sanchez V.M.... De Paz Garcia M.2002PAX2
29National study of microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma (MAC) in Scotland: investigation of genetic aetiology. (11826019)Morrison D.... Campbell H.2002PAX6, SIX3, VSX2
30Domain disruption and mutation of the bZIP transcription factor, MAF, associated with cataract, ocular anterior segment dysgenesis and coloboma. (11772997)Jamieson R.V.... Black G.C.2002MAF
31Renal-coloboma syndrome: prenatal detection and clinical spectrum in a large family. (11241473)Ford B.... Friedman J.M.2001PAX2
32Renal-coloboma syndrome: report of a novel PAX2 gene mutation. (11730657)Chung G.W.... Ritter R.2001PAX2
33Renal coloboma syndrome. (11581073)Dureau P.... Dufier J.L.2001PAX2
34PAX2 mutations in renal-coloboma syndrome: mutational hotspot and germline mosaicism. (11093271)Amiel J.... Attie-Bitach T.2000PAX2
35Homonucleotide expansion and contraction mutations of PAX2 and inclusion of Chiari 1 malformation as part of renal-coloboma syndrome. (10533062)Schimmenti L.A.... Dobyns W.B.1999PAX2
36Renal-coloboma syndrome: a multi-system developmental disorder caused by PAX2 mutations. (10466411)Eccles M.R.... Schimmenti L.A.1999PAX2
37Missense mutation and hexanucleotide duplication in the PAX2 gene in two unrelated families with renal-coloboma syndrome (MIM 120330). (9760197)Devriendt K.... Leys A.1998PAX2
38The prevalence of PAX2 mutations in patients with isolated colobomas or colobomas associated with urogenital anomalies. (9783702)Cunliffe H.E.... Eccles M.R.1998PAX2
39Further delineation of renal-coloboma syndrome in patients with extreme variability of phenotype and identical PAX2 mutations. (9106533)Schimmenti L.A.... Eccles M.R.1997PAX2
40Localisation of a 10q breakpoint within the PAX2 gene in a patient with a de novo t(10;13) translocation and optic nerve coloboma-renal disease. (9132492)Narahara K.... Richards R.I.1997PAX2
41The mouse Pax2(1Neu) mutation is identical to a human PAX2 mutation in a family with renal-coloboma syndrome and results in developmental defects of the brain, ear, eye, and kidney. (8943028)Favor J.... Schughart K.1996PAX2
42Mutation of PAX2 in two siblings with renal-coloboma syndrome. (8589702)Sanyanusin P.... Eccles M.R.1995PAX2
43Mutation of the PAX2 gene in a family with optic nerve colobomas, renal anomalies and vesicoureteral reflux. (7795640)Sanyanusin P.... Eccles M.R.1995PAX2
44Renal Coloboma Syndrome (20301624)Schimmenti L.A.... Eccles M.R.1993PAX2

Expression for genes affiliated with Coloboma

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1BioGPS
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Expression patterns in normal tissues for genes affiliated with Coloboma

Pathways for genes affiliated with Coloboma

Sources:
10EMD Millipore
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Pathways related to coloboma according to GeneDecks:

idPathwayScoreTop Affiliating Genes
1Transcription factors in neurogenesis1010.1ZIC2, PAX6, PAX2, OTX2, SOX10, SIX3

Compounds for genes affiliated with Coloboma

GO Terms for genes affiliated with Coloboma

Sources:
12Gene Ontology
See all sources

Cellular components related to coloboma according to GeneDecks:

idNameGO IDScoreTop Affiliating Genes
1TCTN-B9D complexGO:0360389.7CEP290, CC2D2A, TMEM67
2microtubule basal bodyGO:0059329.6RPGRIP1L, TMEM67, CC2D2A, CEP290, LCA5
3cytoplasmGO:0057376.7RPGRIP1L, CRYAA, SNX6, SNAP25, PQBP1, PHACTR4
4nucleusGO:0056345.7SIX6, CRX, SNX6, SNAP23, PQBP1, OTX2

Biological processes related to coloboma according to GeneDecks:

(show all 26)
idNameGO IDScoreTop Affiliating Genes
1positive regulation of neuroblast proliferationGO:00205210.5SOX2, SOX10, SHH, PAX6
2camera-type eye developmentGO:04301010.5SHH, PITX2, RPGRIP1L, CRYBA4, PAX2, RAX
3neuron fate commitmentGO:04866310.5BMP4, PAX6, SHH, SOX2
4lens induction in camera-type eyeGO:06023510.4BMP4, SOX2, SIX3
5inner ear morphogenesisGO:04247210.3SOX2, TFAP2A, OTX2, CHD7, PAX2
6response to stimulusGO:05089610.2VSX2, RDH12, CRX, RPGRIP1, RPE65
7forebrain developmentGO:03090010.2SOX2, SHH, OTX2, KDM2B, ZIC5, VAX2
8palate developmentGO:06002110.2TFAP2A, SHH, CHD7, BCOR, VAX1
9neural crest cell migrationGO:00175510.1SOX10, SHH, PHACTR4, ZEB2
10embryonic hindlimb morphogenesisGO:03511610.1SHH, PITX2, RPGRIP1L, BMP4, LRP6
11embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesisGO:04859610.1CRYAA, KDM2B, PAX6
12smoothened signaling pathwayGO:00722410.1SHH, CC2D2A, PAX6, BMP4
13eye developmentGO:00165410.1PAX6, SOX2, GDF3
14neural tube closureGO:00184310.1PHACTR4, ZEB2, PAX2, ZIC5, ZIC2, BMP4
15eye photoreceptor cell developmentGO:04246210.0CRB1, TULP1, CEP290, PAX6
16negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferationGO:05068010.0SOX2, PAX6, BMP4, LRP6
17odontogenesisGO:04247610.0PITX2, LAMB1, BCOR, BMP4
18hindbrain developmentGO:0309029.8SHH, CEP290, KDM2B
19negative regulation of apoptotic processGO:0430669.8SOX10, TFAP2A, SHH, CRYAA, AIPL1, IGBP1
20endoderm developmentGO:0074929.8EXT1, OTX2, GDF3
21retina development in camera-type eyeGO:0600419.7NPHP1, TULP1, CEP290, CHD7, BMP4, VAX2
22embryonic forelimb morphogenesisGO:0351159.7TFAP2A, SHH, RPGRIP1L, TBX5, LRP6
23visual perceptionGO:0076019.5VSX2, CRX, CRYAA, CRYBA4, CRYBB1, RPGRIP1
24negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoterGO:0001229.3TRPS1, PITX2, SHH, TFAP2A, SOX2, IGBP1
25positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependentGO:0458939.2GDF6, SOX2, TFAP2A, SHH, OTX2, TBX5
26positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoterGO:0459448.6TBX5, OTX2, PITX2, SHH, TFAP2A, SOX10

Molecular functions related to coloboma according to GeneDecks:

(show all 7)
idNameGO IDScoreTop Affiliating Genes
1chromatin DNA bindingGO:03149010.3PITX2, ZIC2, VAX2, VAX1
2structural constituent of eye lensGO:00521210.2CRYAA, CRYBA4, CRYBB1
3transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingGO:0009769.7TFAP2A, PITX2, VAX2, VAX1
4sequence-specific DNA bindingGO:0435659.1OTX2, CRX, TFAP2A, SOX2, SIX3, SIX6
5sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activityGO:0037009.1VSX2, SIX6, SOX2, PITX2, CRX, OTX2
6protein homodimerization activityGO:0428038.8GDF6, SOD1, TFAP2A, PITX2, SNX6, EXT1
7protein bindingGO:0055155.8RPGRIP1L, CRYAA, SNX6, SNAP23, SNAP25, OTX2

Sources for Coloboma

2CDC
11FMA
18HMDB
19ICD9CM
20KEGG
24MeSH
25MGI
27NCIt
28NDF-RT
31NINDS
32Novoseek
33OMIM
35PubMed
36QIAGEN
43UMLS