Diphtheria malady

MedlinePlus: Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection. you can catch it from a person who has the infection and coughs or sneezes. it usually affects the nose and throat and causes a bad sore throat, swollen glands, fever and chills. but if it is not properly diagnosed and treated it produces a poison in the body that can cause serious complications such as heart failure or paralysis. the diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus (dpt) vaccine can prevent diphtheria, but its protection does not last forever. adults should get another dose, or booster, every 10 years. diphtheria is very rare in the united states because of the vaccine. centers for disease control and prevention²³

MalaCards: Diphtheria, also known as corynebacterium infections, is related to glioblastoma and hodgkin's lymphoma. An important gene associated with Diphtheria is DPH3 (DPH3, KTI11 homolog (S. cerevisiae)), and among its related pathways are Base excision repair and ERK5 Signaling. The drugs diphtheria antitoxin and diphtheria antitoxin,equine and the compounds glucose and 3-aminobenzamide have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include heart, smooth muscle and kidney, and related mouse phenotypes are respiratory system and embryogenesis.

Disease Ontology: A primary bacterial infectious disease that is characterized by sore throat, low fever, and an adherent membrane (a pseudomembrane) on the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nasal cavity. a milder form of diphtheria can be restricted to the skin. it is caused by corynebacterium diphtheriae, an aerobic gram-positive bacterium. diphtheria toxin spreads through the bloodstream and can lead to potentially life-threatening complications that affect other organs of the body, such as the heart and kidneys.⁶

Wikipedia: Diphtheria (Greek διφθέρα (diphthera) \"pair of leather scrolls\") is an upper respiratory tract...⁴⁴ more...

Aliases & Descriptions:

diphtheria 6 30 8 33 32 23 43 corynebacterium infections 43

corynebacterium infection 6

Diseases related to diphtheria by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 691)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	glioblastoma	28.8	VEGFA, PARP1, IL13, IL13RA2, HLA-B, PLAU
2	hodgkin's lymphoma	28.1	BCL2, IL13, IL13RA2, IL2, IL2RA, IL2RB
3	breast cancer	27.7	AZU1, CYP1A1, CRAT, EGF, TTF2, TAT
4	adrenocortical carcinoma	27.7	CYP1A1, EDNRA, EGF, HBEGF, TF, EPO
5	cutaneous t cell lymphoma	27.6	IL2, IL2RA, IL2RB, IFNG, TFRC
6	immunodeficiency	27.6	RBP3, PARP1, CD79A, CD4, CD40LG, ITIH4
7	non-hodgkin lymphoma	27.4	BCL2, LBR, ITGAX, IL2, IL2RA, IL2RB
8	mycosis fungoides	26.3	BCL2, CD4, CD40LG, CD207, IL13, IL2
9	tetanus	24.5	PIK3C2A, VEGFA, BOC, PARP1, LBR, ATP8A2
10	acute myeloid leukemia	24.4	PIK3C2A, VEGFA, LIF, PARP1, BCL2, LEP
11	myeloid leukemia	24.0	PIK3C2A, VEGFA, LIF, PARP1, BCL2, LEP
12	pertussis	23.4	LPAR1, BOC, PARP1, LEP, LBR, ATP8A2
13	cholera	23.0	PIK3C2A, PARP1, P4HB, CD79A, CD4, CD40LG
14	leukemia	22.1	PIK3C2A, CNTF, VEGFA, LPAR1, LIF, PARP1
15	blindness	20.9	PIK3C2A, CNTF, RBP3, VEGFA, LIF, LEP
16	pancreatic cancer	20.8	VEGFA, LPAR1, PARP1, BCL2, MUC5AC, CD79A
17	ovarian cancer	19.0	PCSK6, VEGFA, LPAR1, BOC, LIF, PARP1
18	melanoma	18.3	PIK3C2A, CNTF, VEGFA, LPAR1, LIF, PARP1
19	rheumatoid arthritis	17.7	CNTF, VEGFA, LPAR1, LIF, PARP1, BCL2
20	neuronitis	17.3	PIK3C2A, CNTF, PCSK6, VEGFA, LPAR1, BOC
21	arthritis	17.1	CNTF, RBP3, VEGFA, LPAR1, LIF, PARP1
22	pancreatitis	16.6	PIK3C2A, VEGFA, LPAR1, LIF, PARP1, PAM
23	prostatitis	15.6	PIK3C2A, CNTF, VEGFA, LPAR1, LIF, PARP3
24	carcinoma	14.2	PIK3C2A, CNTF, PCSK6, VEGFA, LPAR1, LIF
25	severe congenital neutropenia	14.0	IL3, CSF2, CSF3R
26	epidermolysis bullosa acquisita	13.9	CD79A, IL2RA, IL2RB, CSF2
27	hairy cell leukemia	13.9	ITGAX, IL2, IL2RA, IL2RB, IL3, IL3RA
28	cblc	13.9	FGFR2, IL13RA2, IL2RA, IL2RB, IL3RA, IL6R
29	gamma chain deficiency	13.9	IL13, IL2, IL2RA, IL2RB
30	perinatal necrotizing enterocolitis	13.9	EGF, HBEGF, CSN1S1
31	ulceration of vulva	13.8	MUC5AC, CD9, FGF1, IL2RB, EGF, HBEGF
32	polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia	13.8	CD79A, CD4, ITGAX
33	immune defect due to absence of thymus	13.7	CD79A, CD40LG, ITIH4, IL13, IL2, IL2RA
34	htlv-1 associated myelopathy	13.7	IL2, IL2RA, CCL3, HLA-B
35	hypereosinophilic syndrome	13.7	IL13, IL2, IL2RA, IL3, IGHE, CSF2
36	chickenpox	13.7	CD79A, CD4, IGHV4-39, DPT
37	myelodysplastic syndrome	13.7	FGF1, IL3, TF, TFRC, CSF2, CSF3R
38	rectal cloacogenic carcinoma	13.7	FGF1, FGFR2, HLA-B, PLAU, PLAUR, HBEGF
39	21-hydroxylase deficiency	13.6	IL2RA, IL2RB, TF, AFP
40	beta thalassemia	13.6	TF, TFRC, EPO
41	epidermolysis bullosa	13.6	CD79A, IL2RA, IL2RB, TRADD, CSF2, AFP
42	food allergy	13.6	FOXP3, IL13, IGHE, CSN1S1
43	autoimmune disease of central nervous system	13.6	CD79A, CD40LG, TF
44	sporotrichosis	13.6	CD79A, CD40LG, ITGAX
45	extrinsic allergic alveolitis	13.6	IL2RA, IL2RB, CCL3, OXA1L
46	iron metabolism disease	13.5	TF, TFRC, CSN1S1, EPO
47	lacrimal duct obstruction	13.5	MUC5AC, FGF1, HBEGF, TTF2, CSN1S1, NPY
48	iritis	13.5	CD79A, CD40LG, HLA-B, EPO
49	berger disease	13.5	CD79A, ALB, TFRC
50	hematologic cancer	13.5	VEGFA, IL2, IL2RA, IL3, IL3RA, CSF2

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

Inferred drug relations via UMLS/NDF-RT:

^43 28 diphtheria antitoxin, diphtheria antitoxin,equine

MalaCards organs/tissues related to diphtheria:

²²

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to diphtheria:

²⁵ (show all 25)

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	respiratory system phenotype	MP:0005388	10.3	PAM, LIF, BOC, PCSK6
2	embryogenesis phenotype	MP:0005380	10.2	DPH1, DPH3, DNAJC24, CSF2, ZP3, H19
3	craniofacial phenotype	MP:0005382	9.9	H19, CSF2, DPH1, TIPARP, EDNRA, MC1R
4	renal/urinary system phenotype	MP:0005367	9.7	H19, TIPARP, EDNRA, CASP3, FGFR2, CD63
5	endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype	MP:0005379	9.5	AFP, ZP1, TIPARP, EDNRA, IFNG, IL2RB
6	hematopoietic system phenotype	MP:0005397	9.3	EPO, CNTF, CSF3R, CSF2, TFRC, DPH1
7	liver/biliary system phenotype	MP:0005370	9.2	EPO, H19, DPH1, IFNG, APEX1, IL2
8	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	9.0	PLAUR, EDNRA, HBEGF, DPH1, DPH3, DNM3
9	no phenotypic analysis	MP:0003012	9.0	IL13, MC1R, TRADD, TNKS, CYP1A1, DNM3
10	integument phenotype	MP:0010771	8.9	IFNG, EGF, HBEGF, DPT, TACR1, CSF2
11	immune system phenotype	MP:0005387	8.5	IFNG, TNF, PLAUR, EDNRA, TSPAN32, TOX
12	skeleton phenotype	MP:0005390	8.4	HBEGF, TIPARP, TACR1, CSF2, H19, PLAU
13	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	7.6	CCL3, IFNG, TXNRD1, TNKS, PLAUR, HBEGF
14	adipose tissue phenotype	MP:0005375	7.6	TNF, TNKS, TNKS2, PLAU, WDTC1, DPT
15	tumorigenesis	MP:0002006	7.5	IFNG, TNF, PLAU, DPH1, CSF2, H19
16	reproductive system phenotype	MP:0005389	7.3	TIPARP, CSF2, CSN1S1, ZP1, ZP3, ADCY3
17	growth/size phenotype	MP:0005378	7.3	WDTC1, PLAUR, PLAU, CRAT, TNKS2, TNKS
18	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	7.2	TIPARP, HBEGF, WDTC1, PLAU, TNKS2, TNKS
19	normal phenotype	MP:0002873	7.1	IFNG, ALB, TXNRD1, CYP1A1, EDNRA, EGF
20	muscle phenotype	MP:0005369	6.8	TNKS, CRAT, PLAU, PLAUR, EDNRA, HBEGF
21	vision/eye phenotype	MP:0005391	6.5	IFNG, GNAT2, CASP3, TNF, PLAU, EGF
22	digestive/alimentary phenotype	MP:0005381	6.5	EDNRA, PLAU, CASP3, IFNG, EGF, TOX
23	cardiovascular system phenotype	MP:0005385	5.7	EDNRA, PLAUR, PLAU, CRAT, CYP1A1, TNKS2
24	cellular phenotype	MP:0005384	4.7	CRAT, TNKS2, TNKS, TNF, TRADD, TXNRD1
25	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	4.1	H19, NPY, CSRP1, CSF2, DFFA, TACR1

Articles related to diphtheria:

(show top 50)    (show all 142)

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	Active immunization induces toxicity of diphtheria to xin in diphtheria resistant mice--implications for neuroinflammatory models. (20138048)	Meyer Zu HAPrste G.... Kieseier B.C.	2010	HBEGF
2	Inhibition of adrenocortical carcinoma by diphtheria toxin mutant CRM197. (19996587)	Martarelli D.... Mazzoni G.	2009	HBEGF
3	Reducing anti-DT IgG concentrations to improve the ef ficacy of a diphtheria fusion protein. (18827566)	Hall P.D.... Frankel A.E.	2008	CSF2
4	Fresh frozen plasma and platelet concentrates may increase plasma anti-diphtheria toxin IgG concentrations: Implications for diphtheria fusion protein therapy. (16645883)	Hall P.D.... Frankel A.E.	2006	IL3
5	Podocyte depletion causes glomerulosclerosis: diphtheria toxin-induced podocyte depletion in rats expressing human diphtheria toxin receptor transgene. (16107576)	Wharram B.L.... Wiggins R.C.	2005	HBEGF
6	Interstitial diphtheria toxin-epidermal growth factor fusion protein therapy produces regressions of subcutaneous human glioblastoma multiforme tumors in athymic nude mice. (15671563)	Liu T.F.... Frankel A.E.	2005	EGF
7	Diphtheria toxin fused to variant interleukin-3 provides enhanced binding to the interleukin-3 receptor and more potent leukemia cell cytotoxicity. (15003313)	Liu T.F.... Frankel A.E.	2004	IL3, IL3RA
8	CRM197 (nontoxic diphtheria toxin): effects on advanced cancer patients. (15168087)	Buzzi S.... Pironi F.	2004	HBEGF
9	Apoptosis by leukemia cell-targeted diphtheria toxin occurs via receptor-independent activation of Fas-associated death domain protein. (12576460)	Thorburn J.... Thorburn A.	2003	TRADD
10	High affinity interleukin-3 receptor expression on blasts from patients with acute myelogenous leukemia correlates with cytotoxicity of a diphtheria toxin/IL-3 fusion protein. (11532521)	Alexander R.L.... Frankel A.E.	2001	IL3
11	Ability of the Tat basic domain and VP22 to mediate c ell binding, but not membrane translocation of the diphtheria toxin A-fragment. (11284691)	Falnes PA9 .... Olsnes S.	2001	TAT, AZU1
12	Diphtheria toxin receptor (11268653)	Takahashi T.... Mekada E.	2001	HBEGF
13	Extension of juxtamembrane domain of diphtheria toxin receptor arrests translocation of diphtheria toxin fragment A into cytosol. (11237713)	Takahashi T.... Mekada E.	2001	HBEGF
14	Characterization of diphtheria fusion proteins targeted to the human interleukin-3 receptor. (10964987)	Frankel A.E.... Miller M.S.	2000	IL3RA
15	Domain analysis of the tetraspanins: studies of CD9/CD63 chimeric molecules on subcellular localization and upregulation activity for diphtheria toxin binding. (11235900)	Ryu F.... Mekada E.	2000	CD63, HBEGF, TSPAN32
16	In vitro interleukin-3 binding to leukemia cells predicts cytotoxicity of a diphtheria toxin/IL-3 fusion protein. (10898579)	Alexander R.L.... Frankel A.E.	2000	IL3
17	Enhancement of diphtheria toxin potency by replacement of the receptor binding domain with tetanus toxin C-fragment: a potential vector for delivering heterologous proteins to neurons. (10820215)	Francis J.W.... vanderSpek J.C.	2000	PARP1
18	Vibrio cholerae O139 conjugate vaccines: synthesis an d immunogenicity of V. cholerae O139 capsular polysaccharide conjugates with re combinant diphtheria toxin mutant in mice. (10948122)	Kossaczka Z.... Szu S.C.	2000	CD40LG
19	A nontoxic diphtheria toxin analogue inhibits neonatal bladder smooth muscle cell proliferation. (10647689)	Kaefer M.... Freeman M.R.	2000	EGF, HBEGF
20	Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor/diphtheria toxin receptor expression by acute myeloid leukemia cells. (10029601)	Vinante F.... Pizzolo G.	1999	TNF, CSF2, HBEGF
21	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces expression of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor/diphtheria toxin receptor and sensitivity to diphtheria toxin in human neutrophils. (10556204)	Vinante F.... Cassatella M.A.	1999	CSF2, HBEGF
22	The effects of helix breaking mutations in the diphtheria toxin transmembrane domain helix layers of the fusion toxin DAB389IL-2. (9796831)	Hu H.Y.... vanderSpek J.C.	1998	IL2, IL2RB
23	Diphtheria toxin:receptor interaction: association, dissociation, and effect of pH. (9675130)	Brooke J.S.... Eidels L.	1998	HBEGF
24	Involvement of both caspase-like proteases and serine proteases in apoptotic cell death induced by ricin, modeccin, diphtheria toxin , and pseudomonas toxin. (9792931)	Komatsu N.... Muramatsu T.	1998	CASP3
25	Characterization of the deoxyribonuclease and ADP-ribosyltransferase activities of CRM45, a truncated homologue of diphtheria toxin. (9783263)	Wisnieski B.J.... Tseng Y.	1998	PARP1, APEX1
26	Crystal structure of the complex of diphtheria toxin with an extracellular fragment of its receptor. (9659904)	Louie G.V.... Choe S.	1997	HBEGF
27	Genetic construction and properties of a diphtheria toxin-related substance P fusion protein: in vitro destruction of cells bearing substance P receptors. (8692995)	Fisher C.E.... vanderSpek J.C.	1996	TACR1, PAM
28	GPI-anchored diphtheria toxin receptor allows membrane translocation of the toxin without detectable ion channel activity. (8631294)	Lanzrein M.... Olsnes S.	1996	HBEGF
29	Localization of a critical diphtheria toxin-binding domain to the C-terminus of the mature heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor region of the diphtheria toxin receptor. (7826391)	Hooper K.P.... Eidels L.	1995	HBEGF
30	Heparin-like molecules on the cell surface potentiate binding of diphtheria toxin to the diphtheria toxin receptor/membrane-anchored heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor. (7494001)	Shishido Y.... Mekada E.	1995	HBEGF
31	Rapid induction of heparin-binding epidermal growth f actor/diphtheria toxin receptor expression by Raf and Ras oncogenes. (7649477)	McCarthy S.A.... McMahon M.	1995	HBEGF
32	Diphtheria toxin binds to the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain of human heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor/diphtheria toxin receptor and inhibits specifically its mitogenic activity. (7836353)	Mitamura T.... Mekada E.	1995	HBEGF
33	Histidine 21 does not play a major role in diphtheria toxin catalysis. (8308004)	Johnson V.G.... Nicholls P.J.	1994	PARP1
34	Construction and expression in Escherichia coli of hybrid genes composed of sequences encoding diphtheria toxin and human CD4 receptor. (8112592)	Zdanovsky A.G.... Debabov V.G.	1994	CD4
35	Diphtheria toxin-related cytokine fusion proteins: elongation factor 2 as a target for the treatment of neoplastic disease. (7898459)	vanderSpek J.... Murphy J.R.	1994	IL2RA, IL2, EEF2
36	Identification of a single amino acid substitution in the diphtheria toxin A chain of CRM 228 responsible for the loss of enzymatic activity. (8045910)	Johnson V.G.... Nicholls P.J.	1994	PARP1
37	PHA induces IL-2 receptors on B-CLL cells and is a potential biological response modifier for the LIL-2-diphtheria toxin, DAB486IL-2. (8107488)	Bulger K.... McCaffrey R.	1994	LBR
38	Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, which acts as the diphtheria toxin receptor, forms a complex with membrane protein DRAP27/CD9, which up-regulates functional receptors and diphtheria toxin sensitivity. (8194524)	Iwamoto R.... Mekada E.	1994	CD9, HBEGF
39	Diphtheria toxin receptor (8264100)	Mekada E.	1993	HBEGF
40	Subcloning and characterization of the binding domain of fragment B of diphtheria toxin. (8379922)	Esbensen Q.Y.... Madshus I.H.	1993	HBEGF
41	Phase I trial of the diphtheria toxin/interleukin-2 fusion protein DAB486IL-2: efficacy in mycosis fungoides and other non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. (8124209)	Kuzel T.M.... Woodworth T.	1993	IL2RA
42	The 27-kD diphtheria toxin receptor-associated protein (DRAP27) from vero cells is the monkey homologue of human CD9 antigen: expression of DRAP27 elevates the number of diphtheria toxin receptors on toxin-sensitive cells. (1522113)	Mitamura T.... Mekada E.	1992	CD9, HBEGF
43	Inhibition of HIV production in cells containing an integrated, HIV-regulated diphtheria toxin A chain gene. (1736939)	Harrison G.S.... Maxwell I.H.	1992	TAT
44	Interaction of an alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-diphtheria toxin fusion protein with melanotropin receptors in human melanoma metastases. (1314697)	Tatro J.B.... Murphy J.R.	1992	MC1R
45	Determination of neutralizing antibodies and specific immunoglobulin isotype levels in infants after vaccination against diphtheria. (1396754)	LagergAYrd T.... Taranger J.	1992	CD79A
46	Bull-neck, electrocardiographic changes and creatine phosphokinase blood levels in patients with diphtheria. (1845655)	Pelupessy J.M.... Daud D.	1991	PIK3C2A
47	An antibody that inhibits the binding of diphtheria toxin to cells revealed the association of a 27-kDa membrane protein with the diphtheria toxin receptor. (1939101)	Iwamoto R.... Mekada E.	1991	CD9, HBEGF
48	A proper amino terminus of diphtheria toxin is important for cytotoxicity. (1953725)	Chaudhary V.K.... Pastan I.	1991	IL2
49	Diphtheria toxin receptor-binding domain substitution with interleukin 6: genetic construction and interleukin 6 receptor-specific action of a diphtheria toxin-related interleukin 6 fusion protein. (1817263)	Jean L.F.... Murphy J.R.	1991	IL6R
50	Regional assignment of the gene for diphtheria toxin sensitivity using subchromosomal fragments in microcell hybrids. (3436221)	Hayes H.... Okada Y.	1987	HBEGF

Genes related to diphtheria according to GeneCards:

(show top 50)    (show all 117)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	DPH3	DPH3, KTI11 homolog (S. cerevisiae)	11.1	Summaries, Orthologs, Aliases & Descriptions, Functions
2	HBEGF	heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor	11.1	Publications, Drugs & Compounds, Aliases & Descriptions, Functions
3	DPH2	DPH2 homolog (S. cerevisiae)	11.0	Publications, Summaries
4	DPH1	DPH1 homolog (S. cerevisiae)	11.0	Summaries
5	DPH5	DPH5 homolog (S. cerevisiae)	11.0	Summaries
6	DNAJC24	DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 24	11.0	Summaries
7	PARP1	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	11.0	Publications, Aliases & Descriptions
8	EEF2	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	11.0	Publications, Orthologs
9	IL3RA	interleukin 3 receptor, alpha (low affinity)	11.0	Publications
10	TSPAN32	tetraspanin 32	11.0	Publications
11	AZU1	azurocidin 1	11.0	Publications
12	H19	H19, imprinted maternally expressed transcript (non-protein coding)	11.0	Publications
13	RBP3	retinol binding protein 3, interstitial	11.0
14	GNAT2	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha transducing activity polypeptide 2	11.0
15	CD63	CD63 molecule	11.0	Publications
16	PDIA2	protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 2	11.0
17	CD9	CD9 molecule	11.0	Publications
18	CSF3R	colony stimulating factor 3 receptor (granulocyte)	11.0	Publications
19	APEX1	APEX nuclease (multifunctional DNA repair enzyme) 1	11.0	Publications
20	IL13RA2	interleukin 13 receptor, alpha 2	11.0
21	FURIN	furin (paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme)	11.0	Publications
22	IL3	interleukin 3 (colony-stimulating factor, multiple)	11.0	Publications
23	TAT	tyrosine aminotransferase	11.0	Publications
24	P4HB	prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide	11.0
25	CSF2	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	11.0	Publications
26	PLAUR	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	11.0	Publications
27	IL2RB	interleukin 2 receptor, beta	11.0	Publications
28	FOXP3	forkhead box P3	11.0
29	IL2RA	interleukin 2 receptor, alpha	11.0	Publications
30	FGF1	fibroblast growth factor 1 (acidic)	11.0	Publications
31	ITIH4	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain family, member 4	11.0	Publications
32	TFRC	transferrin receptor (p90, CD71)	11.0	Publications
33	IL6R	interleukin 6 receptor	11.0	Publications
34	PCSK6	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6	11.0
35	TACR1	tachykinin receptor 1	11.0	Publications
36	IL2	interleukin 2	11.0	Publications
37	CSN1S1	casein alpha s1	11.0
38	DNM3	dynamin 3	11.0	Publications
39	DHFR	dihydrofolate reductase	11.0
40	CD4	CD4 molecule	11.0	Publications
41	EDNRA	endothelin receptor type A	11.0
42	TF	transferrin	11.0	Publications
43	HLA-B	major histocompatibility complex, class I, B	11.0
44	EGF	epidermal growth factor	11.0	Publications
45	CD79A	CD79a molecule, immunoglobulin-associated alpha	11.0	Publications
46	FGFR2	fibroblast growth factor receptor 2	11.0
47	IL13	interleukin 13	11.0
48	PARP10	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 10	11.0	Aliases & Descriptions
49	PARP16	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 16	11.0	Aliases & Descriptions
50	PARP6	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 6	11.0	Aliases & Descriptions

Pathways related to diphtheria according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 59)

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Base excision repair20	10.6	APEX1, PARP2, PARP4, PARP1, PARP3
2	ERK5 Signaling36	10.4	GNAT2, IL3, IL2RA, IL2, FGF1
3	NAD metabolism41	10.4	PARP4, PARP2, ART1, ART3, TNKS, TNKS2
4	NAD metabolism10	10.4	TNKS2, PARP3, PARP4, PARP2, ART1, ART3
5	RAR-Gamma-RXR-Alpha Degradation36	10.3	CSF2, CCL3, IL3, IL2, CD2, LIF
6	IL-15 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types37	10.3	CSF2, CCL3, IL2RB, IL2RA, IL2, BCL2
7	IL-6 Pathway36	10.3	CSF2, CCL3, IL6R, IL3, IL18, CD2
8	IL-2 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types37	10.2	TNF, IL2RB, IL2RA, IL2, FOXP3
9	NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions36	10.1	CCL3, IL3, IL2RB, IL2, IL13, CD4
10	JNK Pathway36	10.0	IL3, IL3RA, IL6R, CCL3, EGF, IL2RB
11	Regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K36	10.0	EGF, CCL3, IL3, IL2, IL18, IL13
12	Jak-STAT signaling pathway20	10.0	EPO, CSF3R, CSF2RA, IL6R, IL3RA, IL3
13	PGC1Alpha Pathway36	9.9	CCL3, IL3RA, IL3, IL2RB, IL2, IL18
14	Hematopoietic cell lineage20	9.9	IL3, IL2RA, CD9, CD4, CD2, IL3RA
15	PPAR Pathway36	9.9	ADCY3, TNF, IL3, IL2RA, IL2, FGFR2
16	ERK Signaling36	9.9	ADCY3, EGF, GNAT2, CCL3, IL3, IL2
17	Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling36	9.9	IL2RB, IL3, IL3RA, IL6R, CCL3, IL2RA
18	TGF-Beta Pathway36	9.8	IL2RB, IL3, IL3RA, IL6R, CCL3, EGF
19	SOCS Pathway36	9.8	IL2, IL3, CCL3, EGF, IL18, IL13
20	p53 Mediated Apoptosis36	9.8	EGF, CASP3, IL3, IL2RA, IL2, FGFR2
21	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway36	9.8	EDNRA, CASP3, GNAT2, CCL3, IL3, IL2
22	Immune System38	9.7	IL6R, IFNG, CSF2, CSF2RA, IL3RA, IL3
23	Mitochondrial Apoptosis36	9.6	EGF, CASP3, IL3, IL2RA, IL2, FGFR2
24	DHA Signaling36	9.6	EGF, CASP3, IL3, IL2RA, IL2, FGFR2
25	Apoptosis and survival_Caspase cascade41	9.6	DFFA, TNF, TRADD, CASP3, PARP1
26	Apoptosis and survival Caspase cascade10	9.5	DFFA, TNF, TRADD, CASP3, PARP1
27	Rho Family GTPases36	9.5	IL2, IL3, CCL3, GNAT2, CSF2, IL18
28	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer36	9.3	IL3, IL3RA, IL6R, GNAT2, CASP3, EGF
29	Cytokine Network36	9.3	TNF, IFNG, IL3, IL2, IL18, IL13
30	Akt Signaling36	9.3	CSF3R, CSF2RA, LIF, CD2, CD4, ITGAX
31	MAPK Signaling36	9.3	ADCY3, EGF, TNF, TRADD, GNAT2, IL3
32	Apoptosis20	9.3	DFFA, TNF, TRADD, CASP3, IL3RA, IL3
33	Apoptotic Pathways Triggered By HIV136	9.2	DFFA, TNF, TRADD, CASP3, CD4, BCL2
34	THC Differentiation Pathway36	9.2	TNF, IFNG, IL2RA, IL2, IL18
35	Cellular Apoptosis Pathway36	9.2	TRADD, TNF, EGF, DFFA, CASP3, IL3
36	MAPK Family Pathway36	9.2	IL2RB, IL3, IL3RA, IL6R, CCL3, TRADD
37	MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation36	9.2	CSF2, TNF, CCL3, IL3, IL2, IL18
38	MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells36	9.2	CSF2, TNF, CCL3, IL3, IL2, IL18
39	all-trans-Retinoic Acid Signaling in Brain36	9.2	IL3, CCL3, TNF, CSF2, IL2, IL18
40	Allograft rejection20	9.2	TNF, HLA-B, IFNG, IL2, CD40LG
41	PEDF Induced Signaling36	9.2	IL3, CCL3, TNF, CSF2, IL2, IL18
42	STAT3 Pathway36	9.1	IL3, IL2RB, IL2RA, IL2, IL18, IL13RA2
43	Tec Kinases Signaling36	9.1	IL2RB, IL3, IL3RA, IL6R, CCL3, TNF
44	Th1 Differentiation37	8.9	TNF, IFNG, IL2, IL18, CD4
45	JAK-STAT Pathway36	8.9	IL3, IL3RA, IL6R, CCL3, IFNG, EGF
46	Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C36	8.9	IL3, IL3RA, IL6R, CCL3, TXNRD1, TNF
47	PAK Pathway36	8.7	IL2RA, IL3, CCL3, CASP3, TNF, CSF2
48	p38 Signaling36	8.5	LIF, CASP3, GNAT2, CCL3, IL6R, IL3RA
49	Rheumatoid arthritis20	8.0	TNF, IFNG, CCL3, IL18, VEGFA, CSF2
50	Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction20	7.3	EPO, CSF3R, CSF2RA, CSF2, EGF, TNF

Compounds related to diphtheria according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 352)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	glucose32	10.5	CNTF, CD2, FGFR2, APEX1, RPS12, TAT
2	3-aminobenzamide32 42	11.0	PARP8, PARP6, PARP3, PARP11, PARP14, PARP15
3	pj 34 hydrochloride42	10.0	PARP8, PARP6, PARP3, PARP11, PARP14, PARP15
4	nu 102542	9.9	PARP8, PARP6, PARP3, PARP11, PARP14, PARP15
5	4-hqn42	9.9	PARP8, PARP6, PARP3, PARP11, PARP14, PARP15
6	dr 231342	9.6	PARP8, PARP6, PARP3, PARP11, PARP14, PARP15
7	n acetylcysteine32	9.4	MUC5AC, CD79A, FGFR2, IL18, IL2RA, IL2RB
8	pge232	9.4	CNTF, LIF, MUC5AC, CD4, ITIH4, FOXP3
9	con a32	9.3	LBR, FURIN, CD79A, CD2, IL18, IL2
10	aspartate32	9.2	PIK3C2A, FURIN, CD40LG, ITIH4, IL18, IL2RB
11	glutamine32	9.1	RBP3, FURIN, ITIH4, IL13, IL18, IL3
12	estrogen32	9.1	LEP, MUC5AC, P4HB, FURIN, FGF1, FGFR2
13	h2o232	9.0	CNTF, LIF, LEP, LBR, CD79A, ITIH4
14	zidovudine32 9 9	10.9	LBR, CD4, CD9, ITIH4, IL2, IL3
15	glutamate32	8.9	LEP, P4HB, AZU1, CD79A, CD4, ITIH4
16	ascorbic acid32 18	9.8	CNTF, LIF, PAM, P4HB, CD40LG, CD9
17	adenylate32	8.7	CNTF, FURIN, CD40LG, ITIH4, FGF1, FGFR2
18	il 1032	8.6	LIF, IL13, IL18, IL2, IL2RA, IL2RB
19	cyclosporin a32 42	9.6	PIK3C2A, LIF, LEP, LBR, CD2, ITIH4
20	polysaccharide32	8.5	LIF, P4HB, AZU1, CD79A, CD4, CD40LG
21	neopterin32	8.4	LBR, CD79A, CD4, CD40LG, CD9, IL18
22	rantes32	8.3	LIF, LBR, CD4, CD40LG, CD63, CD9
23	oxygen32 18	9.3	PIK3C2A, LIF, PARP1, PARP2, BCL2, MUC5AC
24	phosphatidylinositol32	8.2	PIK3C2A, CNTF, LIF, BCL2, LEP, MUC5AC
25	hydrocortisone32 9 9	10.1	LIF, FGF1, IL13, IL2, IL3, CCL3
26	heparin32 9 18 9	11.1	PIK3C2A, LIF, LBR, AZU1, FURIN, CD79A
27	paraffin32	8.0	VEGFA, LIF, BCL2, LEP, MUC5AC, CD79A
28	creatinine32	8.0	LEP, P4HB, CD79A, CD40LG, IL18, IL2RA
29	cholesterol32 9 18 9	10.9	PIK3C2A, LIF, LEP, MUC5AC, LBR, B3GALT4
30	vegf32	7.9	PIK3C2A, CNTF, LPAR1, LIF, PARP1, BCL2
31	histamine32 18	8.8	CNTF, MUC5AC, LBR, CD79A, CD40LG, IL13
32	nitric oxide32 9 18 9	10.7	CNTF, RBP3, LIF, MUC5AC, LBR, P4HB
33	tyrosine32	7.6	PIK3C2A, CNTF, VEGFA, LIF, PAM, MUC5AC
34	thymidine32 18	8.6	CNTF, LIF, LBR, P4HB, AZU1, CD2
35	prednisolone32 9 9	9.5	PIK3C2A, CD79A, IL13, IL18, IL2, IL2RA
36	alanine32	7.4	PIK3C2A, CNTF, P4HB, FURIN, CD79A, CD4
37	butyrate32	7.1	RBP3, BCL2, LEP, ITGAX, IL18, IL3
38	lipid32	7.1	PIK3C2A, CNTF, LPAR1, LIF, LEP, LBR
39	genistein32 9 18 9	9.9	CNTF, VEGFA, LIF, PARP1, BCL2, LBR
40	arginine32	6.7	PIK3C2A, CNTF, PCSK6, LPAR1, LIF, LEP
41	cysteine32	6.6	LIF, PARP1, MUC5AC, LBR, P4HB, CD79A
42	testosterone32 9 18 9	9.5	PIK3C2A, CNTF, LIF, LEP, MUC5AC, LBR
43	cisplatin32 34 9 9	9.4	PIK3C2A, VEGFA, LPAR1, LIF, PARP1, BCL2
44	actinomycin d32	6.2	CNTF, VEGFA, LIF, PARP1, BCL2, CD40LG
45	indomethacin32 9 9	8.1	LEP, CD79A, CD40LG, ITGAX, ITIH4, IL13
46	lactate32	5.9	PIK3C2A, LIF, P4HB, CD79A, CD40LG, CD63
47	serine32	5.8	CNTF, PCSK6, LIF, BCL2, LEP, MUC5AC
48	cycloheximide32	5.8	CNTF, RBP3, VEGFA, LIF, PARP1, BCL2
49	dexamethasone32 42 34 9 9	9.7	VEGFA, LIF, PARP1, PAM, BCL2, LEP
50	retinoic acid32 42 18	7.5	CNTF, RBP3, LIF, PARP1, BCL2, MUC5AC

Cellular components related to diphtheria according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cell surface	GO:009986	8.8	TACR1, HBEGF, PLAUR, PLAU, TNF, FGFR2
2	external side of plasma membrane	GO:009897	8.6	TNF, IFNG, IL2RB, IL13, ITGAX, CD9
3	integral to plasma membrane	GO:005887	8.5	TNF, PLAUR, EDNRA, HBEGF, TFRC, TACR1
4	plasma membrane	GO:005886	7.2	TNF, HLA-B, CASP3, GNAT2, MC1R, IL6R
5	extracellular region	GO:005576	6.3	TF, HBEGF, EGF, PLAUR, PLAU, ALB
6	extracellular space	GO:005615	5.2	AFP, IFNG, ALB, TNF, PLAU, EGF

Biological processes related to diphtheria according to GeneDecks:

(show all 20)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	peptidyl-diphthamide biosynthetic process from peptidyl-histidine	GO:017183	10.8	DPH5, DPH3, DPH2, DPH1, WDR85
2	protein poly-ADP-ribosylation	GO:070212	10.7	TNKS, PARP1, PARP10
3	positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein	GO:042523	10.4	IL2, IL3, CSF2, EPO
4	elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	GO:007204	10.3	NMB, TACR1, EDNRA, GNAT2, IL2, LPAR1
5	protein ADP-ribosylation	GO:006471	10.3	PARP3, TIPARP, TNKS2, TNKS, ART3, ART1
6	positive regulation of inflammatory response	GO:050729	10.1	ZP3, EDNRA, CCL3, IL2, IL18
7	positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein	GO:042517	9.9	IL6R, LEP, LIF, CNTF
8	positive regulation of MAPK cascade	GO:043410	9.9	IL6R, FGFR2, LEP, LIF, LPAR1, CNTF
9	immune response	GO:006955	9.8	CSF2, HLA-B, IGHE, IL3, IL2RA, IL2
10	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	GO:050731	9.7	VEGFA, LIF, CD4, IL3, IL6R
11	positive regulation of cell adhesion	GO:045785	9.6	VEGFA, AZU1, CD63, FGF1, IFNG
12	positive regulation of interferon-gamma production	GO:032729	9.6	ZP3, TNF, IL2, IL18, CD40LG
13	positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade	GO:051897	9.5	ZP3, HBEGF, TNF, CCL3, MC1R
14	signal transduction	GO:007165	9.4	EDNRA, EGF, HBEGF, CSF3R, NMB, ADCY3
15	platelet degranulation	GO:002576	9.3	TF, EGF, ALB, CD9, CD63, VEGFA
16	positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process	GO:045348	9.3	IFNG, CD40LG, AZU1
17	positive regulation of cell proliferation	GO:008284	9.1	EPO, NMB, CSF2, EGF, EDNRA, IL6R
18	inflammatory response	GO:006954	8.9	PRDX5, TACR1, TNF, CCL3, IL18, IL13
19	response to hypoxia	GO:001666	8.5	EDNRA, PDIA2, TNF, IL18, LEP, BCL2
20	negative regulation of apoptotic process	GO:043066	7.2	EPO, CSF2, PRDX5, DFFA, EDNRA, PLAUR

Molecular functions related to diphtheria according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	eukaryotic cell surface binding	GO:043499	10.1	PCSK6, CD2, HBEGF, EPO
2	NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity	GO:003950	9.5	PARP8, PARP12, PARP16, ZC3HAV1, ART1, ART3
3	growth factor activity	GO:008083	9.1	IL3, EGF, HBEGF, CSF2, IL2, FGF1
4	cytokine activity	GO:005125	7.9	CSF2, TNF, IFNG, IL3, IL2, IL18
5	protein binding	GO:005515	4.5	PLAUR, PLAU, TNKS2, TNKS, TNF, TRADD