Dwarfism malady

MedlinePlus: A dwarf is a person of short stature - under 4' 10" as an adult. more than 200 different conditions can cause dwarfism. a single type, called achondroplasia, causes about 70 percent of all dwarfism. achondroplasia is a genetic condition that affects about 1 in 15,000 to 1 in 40,000 people. it makes your arms and legs short in comparison to your head and trunk. other genetic conditions, kidney disease and problems with metabolism or hormones can also cause short stature. dwarfism itself is not a disease. however, there is a greater risk of some health problems. with proper medical care, most people with dwarfism have active lives and live as long as other people.²³

MalaCards: Dwarfism is related to laron dwarfism and achondroplasia. An important gene associated with Dwarfism is PCNT (pericentrin), and among its related pathways are Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors) and Association of licensing factors with the pre-replicative complex. The compounds procollagen and pegvisomant have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include kidney, thyroid and pituitary, and related mouse phenotypes are embryogenesis and respiratory system.

Wikipedia: Dwarfism (pron.: /ˈdwɔrfɪzəm/) occurs when an individual person or animal is short in stature...⁴⁴ more...

dwarfism 44 17 32 23

Diseases related to dwarfism by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 427)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	laron dwarfism	32.1	IGF1, GH1, GHR
2	achondroplasia	31.9	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, MAP2K1, IGF1, F2RL2
3	seckel syndrome	31.5	PCNT, RBBP8, CEP152, CENPJ, IGFBP3, IGF1
4	isolated growth hormone deficiency	30.9	IGF1, GH1, GHRH, GHRHR, POU1F1
5	cockayne syndrome	30.7	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3
6	thanatophoric dysplasia	30.4	FGFR2, FGFR3, PTH1R, COMP, STAT1
7	hypochondroplasia	30.3	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, IGF1, SHOX, TKTL1
8	diastrophic dysplasia	30.2	MATN3, CANT1, COMP, COL2A1, SLC26A2
9	pseudoachondroplasia	29.7	MATN3, COMP, ACAN, SLC26A2
10	spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita	29.6	DDR2, COMP, COL2A1
11	acromesomelic dysplasia	29.5	NPPC, NPR2, GDF5
12	robinow syndrome	29.3	IGF1, GH1, ROR2, WNT5A
13	laron syndrome	29.1	INS, IL18R1, IGFBP1, IGFBP3, IGF1, GH1
14	osteoglophonic dysplasia	29.1	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3
15	x-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda	29.1	FGFR3, IGF1, TRPV4, COMP, COL2A1, ACAN
16	jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia	27.6	PTH, PTH1R, PTHLH
17	achondrogenesis	27.4	COMP, COL2A1, SLC26A2
18	meier-gorlin syndrome	27.3	CDT1, CDC6, SHOX, ORC4, ORC1, ORC6
19	boomerang dysplasia	26.4	LBR, CDC6, FGFR2, FGFR3, MATN3, DYM
20	congenital hypothyroidism	26.4	IGF1, TPO, DUOX2, TG, POU1F1
21	chondrodysplasia	26.2	ARSE, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, MATN1, MATN3
22	turner syndrome	26.1	IGFBP1, IGFBP3, IGF1, GH1, GHR, TPO
23	hydrocephalus	25.1	INS, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, IGFBP1, IGFBP3
24	growth hormone deficiency	25.0	LHX3, INS, IGFBP1, IGFBP3, IGF1, GH1
25	noonan syndrome	24.0	INS, IL18R1, MATN1, MAP2K1, IGFBP1, IGFBP3
26	hypothyroidism	23.4	PCSK2, PCSK1, LHX3, INS, IGFBP3, IGF1
27	infertility	22.2	KDM6A, INS, FGFR3, IL18R1, IGFBP1, IGFBP3
28	short stature	22.0	LHX3, CDT1, CDC6, ARSE, INS, FGFR3
29	thyroiditis	21.6	PCSK2, PCSK1, GCG, LHX3, LBR, FOXA2
30	neuronitis	16.7	PCSK2, PCSK1, PCNT, GCG, RBBP8, LHX3
31	growth disorders	13.9	FGFR3, IGFBP3, IGF1, GH1, GHR, GHRH
32	septooptic dysplasia	13.9	LHX3, GH1, PROP1, POU1F1
33	jackson-weiss syndrome	13.9	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3
34	fgfr-related craniosynostosis syndromes	13.9	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3
35	insulin-like growth factor 1 resistance to	13.9	IGFBP3, IGF1, GH1
36	muenke syndrome	13.9	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3
37	relapsing polychondritis	13.9	MATN1, COMP, COL2A1
38	plagiocephaly	13.9	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3
39	idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis	13.9	IGFBP3, IGF1, GH1
40	cerebellar hypoplasia	13.8	LHX3, FGFR2, GH1, GHRH, GHRHR, PROP1
41	osteopenia/osteoporosis	13.8	IGFBP3, IGF1, GH1, PTHLH
42	metaphyseal dysplasia	13.8	MATN3, PTH, PTH1R, PTHLH, COL2A1
43	pseudohypoparathyroidism type ib	13.8	PTH, PTH1R, PTHLH
44	hypophosphatemia	13.8	IL18R1, GH1, PTH, PTH1R, PTHLH
45	sponastrime dysplasia	13.8	MATN3, DYM, COMP
46	crouzon syndrome	13.8	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3
47	osteochondrodysplasia	13.8	FGFR3, PTH1R, PTHLH, COMP, SOX9, SLC26A2
48	acrocephalosyndactylia	13.8	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3
49	arthropathy	13.8	IGF1, GH1, TRPV4, COMP, COL2A1, ACAN
50	metaphyseal chondrodysplasia	13.8	PTH, PTH1R, PTHLH

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

MalaCards organs/tissues related to dwarfism:

²²

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to dwarfism:

²⁵ (show all 25)

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	embryogenesis phenotype	MP:0005380	INF	FOXO1, IGF2BP1, PTH1R, TBX15, WNT5A, ROR2
2	respiratory system phenotype	MP:0005388	9.3	NPR2, PROP1, STAT5B, COL2A1, NOS1, PTH1R
3	hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype	MP:0005377	8.9	LHX3, WNT5A, IGF1, THRA, FGFR1, FGFR2
4	endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype	MP:0005379	8.8	DUOX2, PTH, SMPD3, THRA, STC1, PROP1
5	renal/urinary system phenotype	MP:0005367	8.8	TRPV4, GHR, IGF2BP1, FGFR3, FGFR1, INS
6	muscle phenotype	MP:0005369	8.5	IGF1, PCSK1, IGFBP3, IGF2BP1, FGFR2, FGFR1
7	hematopoietic system phenotype	MP:0005397	8.4	FGFR3, PTHLH, PTH, ERCC6, ERCC8, ERCC5
8	limbs/digits/tail phenotype	MP:0005371	8.3	PCNT, LBR, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, IGF2BP1
9	liver/biliary system phenotype	MP:0005370	8.2	THRA, FOXA2, INS, IGFBP1, GH1, ERCC4
10	craniofacial phenotype	MP:0005382	7.7	DYM, NPR2, SLC26A2, ROR2, NEK1, WNT5A
11	vision/eye phenotype	MP:0005391	7.4	NOS1, LBR, DSG3, THRA, COL2A1, DDR2
12	adipose tissue phenotype	MP:0005375	7.3	GHRHR, GHR, GH1, IGF1, FGFR2, INS
13	digestive/alimentary phenotype	MP:0005381	6.9	FGFR1, FOXA2, FOXO1, INS, FGFR2, THRA
14	cardiovascular system phenotype	MP:0005385	6.6	IGF1, MAP2K1, FGFR2, FGFR1, PTH, GHR
15	skeleton phenotype	MP:0005390	6.6	FOXA2, INS, DUOX2, PTH, PTH1R, PTHLH
16	reproductive system phenotype	MP:0005389	6.6	DUOX2, TBX15, SMPD3, THRA, STC1, STAT5B
17	integument phenotype	MP:0010771	6.4	TBX15, FOXA2, BLM, PCSK2, PLCG1, LBR
18	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	5.5	NPR2, PTHLH, SOX9, GHRHR, GHR, PCSK2
19	immune system phenotype	MP:0005387	4.7	FOXA2, GHR, FOXO1, LBR, BLM, PCSK1
20	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	3.4	FOXA2, LBR, LHX3, GCG, PCSK1, PCSK2
21	growth/size phenotype	MP:0005378	3.2	STAT1, STC1, TG, DSG3, TKTL1, HES7
22	cellular phenotype	MP:0005384	INF	WNT5A, STAT5B, FGFR1, INS, FOXO1, FOXA2
23	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	INF	GDF5, PCSK2, FGFR3, IGF2BP1, EVC, HOXA5
24	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	INF	THRA, TG, STAT1, PRL, PROP1, PTHLH
25	tumorigenesis	MP:0002006	INF	FGFR3, FOXO1, ERCC6, BLM, , ERCC2

Articles related to dwarfism:

(show top 50)    (show all 71)

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	Mutations in ORC1, encoding the largest subunit of the origin recognition complex, cause microcephalic primordial dwarfism resembling Meier-Gorlin syndrome. (21358633)	Bicknell L.S.... Jeggo P.A.	2011	ORC1
2	A homozygous mutation in RNU4ATAC as a cause of micro cephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type I (MOPD I) with associated pi gmentary disorder. (21990275)	Abdel-Salam G.M.... Matsumoto N.	2011	RNU4ATAC
3	Treatment of dwarfism with recombinant human insulin- like growth factor-1. (19946434)	Ranke M.B.... Bettendorf M.	2009	IGF1
4	Mutations in the pericentrin (PCNT) gene cause primordial dwarfism. (18174396)	Rauch A.... Reis A.	2008	PCNT
5	Genetics. Dwarfism, where pericentrin gains stature. (18258883)	Delaval B.... Doxsey S.	2008	PCNT
6	Sustained phosphorylation of mutated FGFR3 is a crucial feature of genetic dwarfism and induces apoptosis in the ATDC5 chondrogenic cell line via PLCgamma-activated STAT1. (17561467)	Harada D.... Tanaka H.	2007	FGFR3, STAT1, PLCG1
7	Congenital hypothyroidism, dwarfism, and hearing impairment caused by a missense mutation in the mouse dual oxidase 2 gene, Duox2. (17440044)	Johnson K.R.... Donahue L.R.	2007	TPO, TG, DUOX2
8	An active DNA transposon nDart causing leaf variegation and mutable dwarfism and its related elements in rice. (16367953)	Tsugane K.... Iida S.	2006	TMPRSS11D
9	A loss-of-function mutation in natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (Npr2) gene is responsible for disproportionate dwarfism in cn/cn mouse. (15722353)	Tsuji T.... Kunieda T.	2005	NPR2
10	Mesomelic dwarfism in pseudoachondroplasia. (15552564)	Song H.R.... Jung S.C.	2004	COMP, MATN1
11	SHOX mutations in a family and a fetus with Langer mesomelic dwarfism. (15214013)	Thomas N.S.... Castle B.	2004	SHOX
12	Constitutive activation of MEK1 in chondrocytes causes Stat1-independent achondroplasia-like dwarfism and rescues the Fgfr3-deficient mouse phenotype. (14871928)	Murakami S.... de Crombrugghe B.	2004	FGFR3, MAP2K1
13	Dwarfism and impaired gut development in insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 1-deficient mice. (15121863)	Hansen T.V.... Nielsen F.C.	2004	IGF2BP1
14	Fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 as a therapeutic target for Achondroplasia--genetic short limbed dwarfism. (12816345)	Aviezer D.... Yayon A.	2003	FGFR3
15	Dwarfism and low insulin-like growth factor-1 due to dopamine depletion in Pts-/- mice rescued by feeding neurotransmitter precursors and H4-biopterin. (12734191)	Elzaouk L.... Thony B.	2003	IGF1, NOS1
16	Hoxa5 overexpression correlates with IGFBP1 upregulation and postnatal dwarfism: evidence for an interaction between Hoxa5 and Forkhead box transcription factors. (12163409)	Foucher I.... Trembleau A.	2002	FOXA2, FOXO1, HOXA5
17	The bovine fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene is not the locus responsible for bovine chondrodysplastic dwarfism in Japanese brown cattle. (12354143)	Takami M.... Kunieda T.	2002	FGFR3
18	Positional cloning of the gene LIMBIN responsible for bovine chondrodysplastic dwarfism. (12136126)	Takeda H.... Kunieda T.	2002	EVC2
19	A targeted dominant negative mutation of the thyroid hormone alpha 1 receptor causes increased mortality, infertility, and dwarfism in mice. (11734632)	Kaneshige M.... Cheng S.	2001	THRA
20	Differentiation of achondroplasia and other similar genetic dwarfism by FGFR3 gene analysis (10932008)	Zhang Y.... Fan M.	2000	FGFR3
21	A Lys644Glu substitution in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) causes dwarfism in mice by activation of STATs and ink4 cell cycle inhibitors. (9887329)	Li C.... Deng C.X.	1999	FGFR3
22	Familial dwarfism due to a novel mutation of the growth hormone- releasing hormone receptor gene. (10084571)	Salvatori R.... Levine M.A.	1999	GHRHR
23	Mutations in the growth hormone releasing hormone receptor: a new form of dwarfism in humans. (10549302)	Baumann G.	1999	GHRHR
24	Megalencephaly, hydrocephalus and cortical dysplasia in severe dwarfism mimicking leprechaunism. (9560023)	Hayashi M.... Morimatsu Y.	1998	INS
25	A homozygous nonsense mutation of the human growth hormone receptor gene in a Sardinian boy with Laron-type dwarfism. (9258809)	Putzolu M.... Moi P.	1997	GHR
26	Pituitary dwarfism in the R271W Pit-1 gene mutation. (9392392)	Aarskog D.... Myking O.L.	1997	GH1, POU1F1
27	Activation of Stat1 by mutant fibroblast growth-factor receptor in thanatophoric dysplasia type II dwarfism. (9069288)	Su W.C.... Fu X.Y.	1997	STAT1
28	Genetic mapping of the human pituitary-specific transcriptional factor gene and its analysis in familial panhypopituitary dwarfism. (8931705)	Raskin S.... Phillips J.A.	1996	POU1F1
29	Missense FGFR3 mutations create cysteine residues in thanatophoric dwarfism type I (TD1). (8845844)	Rousseau F.... Bonaventure J.	1996	FGFR3
30	Common mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR 3) gene account for achondroplasia, hypochondroplasia, and thanatophoric dwarfism. (8723101)	Bonaventure J.... Maroteaux P.	1996	FGFR3, TKTL1
31	Growth hormone receptor and dwarfism (7939185)	Postel-Vinay M.C.	1994	GHR
32	Laron dwarfism in the Arabian Gulf: a report of a sibship. (7505559)	Zaki M.... Ramadan D.G.	1993	IGF1
33	IGF binding protein 3 in patients with Laron type dwarfism: effect of exogenous rIGF-I. (1373347)	Laron Z.... Ranke M.B.	1992	IGF1, IGFBP3, GHR
34	Effect of insulin-like growth factor I on the thyroid axis in patients with Laron-type dwarfism and healthy subjects. (1362849)	Klinger B.... Laron Z.	1992	IGF1
35	Effects of insulin-like growth factor on linear growth, head circumference, and body fat in patients with Laron-type dwarfism. (1349669)	Laron Z.... Klinger B.	1992	IGF1
36	Serum prolactin in patients with Laron-type dwarfism: effect of insulin-like growth factor I. (1490658)	Silbergeld A.... Laron Z.	1992	IGF1, PRL
37	Laron-type dwarfism with apparently normal high affinity serum growth hormone-binding protein. (1934534)	Buchanan C.R.... Preece M.A.	1991	IGF1
38	A case of dwarfism with severely reduced activity of growth hormone-binding protein (1752341)	Igarashi N.... Sato T.	1991	GHR
39	GH-secretion capacity in Turner syndrome and its relations to clinical characteristics and effect of GH treatment--a comparison with pituitary dwarfism. The Committee for hGH treatment in Turner syndrome (1868920)	Tanaka T.... Shizume K.	1991	GH1
40	Recurrent nonsense mutations in the growth hormone receptor from patients with Laron dwarfism. (1999489)	Amselem S.... Goossens M.	1991	GHR, GH1
41	Effects of the infusion of insulin-like growth factor I in a child with growth hormone insensitivity syndrome (Laron dwarfism). (2023608)	Walker J.L.... Underwood L.E.	1991	IGF1
42	Laron type dwarfism. Study of GH binding protein in 3 cases (2018424)	Aguirre A.... Chaussain J.L.	1991	GHR, GH1
43	Biochemical and hormonal changes induced by one week of administration of rIGF-I to patients with Laron type dwarfism. (1934530)	Laron Z.... Erster B.	1991	IGF1
44	High-affinity serum growth-hormone-binding protein, absent in Laron-type dwarfism, is diminished in heterozygous parents. (2074091)	Aguirre A.... Job J.C.	1990	GHR
45	Laron-type dwarfism: heterogeneity of the biochemica l abnormality in 3 children and their parents (2128202)	Aguirre A.... Chaussain J.L.	1990	GH1
46	A case of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa associated with dwarfism with special reference to pathophysiological role of growth hormone (2332081)	Nakamura F.... Yoshikawa K.	1990	GHRH
47	Glycine to serine substitution in the triple helical domain of pro- alpha 1 (II) collagen results in a lethal perinatal form of short- limbed dwarfism. (2572591)	Vissing H.... Hollister D.W.	1989	COL2A1
48	Laron-type dwarfism is associated with normal growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I gene restriction patterns. (2567724)	Russell R.E.... Laron Z.	1989	IGF1
49	Characterization of the human growth hormone receptor gene and demonstration of a partial gene deletion in two patients with Laron- type dwarfism. (2813379)	Godowski P.J.... Wood W.I.	1989	GHR
50	Laron dwarfism and mutations of the growth hormone-receptor gene. (2779634)	Amselem S.... Goossens M.	1989	GHR

Genes related to dwarfism according to GeneCards:

(show top 50)    (show all 87)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	PCNT	pericentrin	11.1	Summaries, Publications
2	GHRHR	growth hormone releasing hormone receptor	11.1	Publications, Summaries
3	GHRH	growth hormone releasing hormone	11.1	Publications, Summaries
4	STC1	stanniocalcin 1	11.1	Summaries
5	FGFR3	fibroblast growth factor receptor 3	11.0	Publications, Aliases & Descriptions
6	RNU4ATAC	RNA, U4atac small nuclear (U12-dependent splicing)	11.0	Summaries, Publications
7	CANT1	calcium activated nucleotidase 1	11.0	Aliases & Descriptions
8	GH1	growth hormone 1	11.0	Publications
9	SHOX	short stature homeobox	11.0	Publications
10	POU1F1	POU class 1 homeobox 1	11.0	Publications
11	GHR	growth hormone receptor	11.0	Publications
12	IGF1	insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C)	11.0	Publications
13	PROP1	PROP paired-like homeobox 1	11.0	Publications
14	TRPV4	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	11.0
15	F2RL2	coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 2	11.0
16	COMP	cartilage oligomeric matrix protein	11.0	Publications
17	NPR2	natriuretic peptide receptor B/guanylate cyclase B (atrionatriuretic peptide receptor B)	11.0	Publications
18	SMPD3	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3, neutral membrane (neutral sphingomyelinase II)	11.0	Publications
19	COL2A1	collagen, type II, alpha 1	11.0	Publications
20	SOX9	SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9	11.0
21	PTH1R	parathyroid hormone 1 receptor	11.0
22	NPPC	natriuretic peptide C	11.0
23	PTH	parathyroid hormone	11.0
24	ACAN	aggrecan	11.0
25	DSG3	desmoglein 3	11.0
26	IL18R1	interleukin 18 receptor 1	11.0
27	MAP2K1	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	11.0	Publications
28	STAT1	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 91kDa	11.0	Publications
29	FGFR1	fibroblast growth factor receptor 1	11.0
30	DYM	dymeclin	11.0
31	PTHLH	parathyroid hormone-like hormone	11.0
32	IGFBP3	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3	11.0	Publications
33	FGFR2	fibroblast growth factor receptor 2	11.0
34	HES7	hairy and enhancer of split 7 (Drosophila)	11.0
35	ORC6	origin recognition complex, subunit 6	11.0
36	GORAB	golgin, RAB6-interacting	11.0
37	HOXA5	homeobox A5	11.0	Publications
38	MATN1	matrilin 1, cartilage matrix protein	11.0	Publications
39	MATN3	matrilin 3	11.0
40	ARSE	arylsulfatase E (chondrodysplasia punctata 1)	11.0	Publications
41	LHX3	LIM homeobox 3	11.0
42	ORC1	origin recognition complex, subunit 1	11.0	Publications
43	TKTL1	transketolase-like 1	11.0	Publications
44	PPIB	peptidylprolyl isomerase B (cyclophilin B)	11.0
45	CDT1	chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1	11.0
46	FOXA2	forkhead box A2	11.0	Publications
47	DUOX2	dual oxidase 2	11.0	Publications
48	CENPJ	centromere protein J	11.0
49	CEP152	centrosomal protein 152kDa	11.0
50	GDF5	growth differentiation factor 5	11.0

Pathways related to dwarfism according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 73)

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors)38	10.6	WNT5A, GHRH, PTHLH, PTH1R, PTH, GHRHR
2	Association of licensing factors with the pre-replicative complex38	10.5	CDC6, CDT1, ORC4, ORC1
3	Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts36	10.4	GDF5, GHRH, GH1, IGF1, FGFR3, FGFR1
4	TGF-Beta Pathway36	10.4	FGFR1, GHRH, GH1, MAP2K1, IL18R1, FGFR3
5	PPAR Pathway36	10.4	FGFR3, MAP2K1, IGF1, GH1, FGFR1, GDF5
6	Pathways in cancer20	10.3	FGFR3, FOXO1, FGFR1, WNT5A, FGFR2
7	Cell cycle_Start of DNA replication in early S phase41	10.3	ORC1, CDC6, CDT1, ORC6, ORC4
8	DHA Signaling36	10.3	FGFR3, IGF1, FGFR2, FOXO1, FGFR1, GH1
9	Cell cycle Start of DNA replication in early S phase10	10.2	ORC4, ORC1, ORC6, CDT1, CDC6
10	Rac1 Pathway36	10.2	FGFR1, GHRH, FGFR2, GDF5, FGFR3, MAP2K1
11	PTEN Pathway36	10.2	GHRH, GH1, FGFR3, FGFR2, FGFR1, PLCG1
12	Ras Pathway36	10.1	FGFR1, DDR2, GHRH, MAP2K1, ROR2, GDF5
13	Activation of PKC through GPCR36	10.1	GHRH, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, MAP2K1, IGF1
14	Renin-Angiotensin Pathway36	10.1	GHRH, GH1, PLCG1, FGFR3, FGFR2, STAT1
15	Growth Hormone Signaling36	10.1	GH1, GHR, IGF1, STAT1, PLCG1, STAT5B
16	Rap1 Pathway36	10.1	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, GHRH, GDF5, PLCG1
17	Paxillin Interactions36	10.1	FGFR3, FGFR2, FGFR1, GH1, GDF5, ROR2
18	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer36	10.0	MAP2K1, GDF5, ROR2, COL2A1, DDR2, FGFR2
19	JNK Pathway36	10.0	GHRH, GDF5, ROR2, DDR2, IL18R1, FGFR3
20	CREB Pathway36	10.0	GH1, FGFR1, FGFR3, FGFR2, MAP2K1, IGF1
21	Meiosis10	10.0	CDT1, BLM, CDC6, ORC1, ORC6, ORC4
22	eIF2 Pathway36	10.0	FGFR3, MAP2K1, IGF1, GH1, INS, GHRH
23	Akt Signaling36	10.0	GDF5, FOXO1, FGFR1, IL18R1, DDR2, FGFR3
24	Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency36	9.9	GH1, ROR2, MAP2K1, FGFR1, FGFR2, IGF1
25	Development_FGF-family signaling41	9.9	FGFR1, PLCG1, FGFR2, FGFR3, MAP2K1
26	GSK3 Signaling36	9.9	FGFR1, WNT5A, ROR2, DDR2, FGFR2, GHRH
27	p53 Mediated Apoptosis36	9.9	IGF1, GH1, GHRH, GDF5, FGFR3, FGFR2
28	Nucleotide excision repair20	9.9	ERCC4, ERCC6, ERCC8, ERCC3, ERCC2, ERCC5
29	Tec Kinases Signaling36	9.8	STAT5B, STAT1, PLCG1, GHRH, GH1, IGF1
30	14-3-3 Induced Intracellular Signaling36	9.8	FGFR3, MAP2K1, IGF1, FGFR2, GHRH, DDR2
31	Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin136	9.8	PLCG1, ROR2, GDF5, GHRH, DDR2, FGFR2
32	Prostate cancer20	9.8	MAP2K1, IGF1, FGFR1, INS, FOXO1, FGFR2
33	Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma36	9.8	GHRH, IGF1, MAP2K1, FGFR3, FGFR2, FGFR1
34	GPCR Pathway36	9.7	IGF1, GDF5, ROR2, STAT5B, STAT1, FGFR3
35	eNOS Signaling36	9.7	GH1, GDF5, GHRH, NPR2, PLCG1, DDR2
36	NFAT in Immune Response36	9.7	FGFR3, PLCG1, DDR2, GHRH, GH1, ROR2
37	Intracellular Calcium Signaling36	9.7	ROR2, GDF5, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, IGF1
38	Rho Family GTPases36	9.7	MAP2K1, IGF1, GH1, DDR2, COL2A1, ROR2
39	p70S6K Signaling36	9.7	IGF1, MAP2K1, FGFR3, FGFR2, INS, GH1
40	p38 Signaling36	9.6	IL18R1, IGF1, GH1, GDF5, ROR2, STAT1
41	Estrogen Pathway36	9.6	FGFR3, DDR2, FGFR2, GDF5, IGF1, ROR2
42	P2Y Receptor Signaling36	9.6	FGFR2, FGFR1, FGFR3, DDR2, PLCG1, ROR2
43	ERK Signaling36	9.6	DDR2, PLCG1, GDF5, COL2A1, ROR2, STAT1
44	Activation of PKA through GPCR36	9.4	IGF1, MAP2K1, FGFR3, FGFR2, FGFR1, GCG
45	MAPK Signaling36	9.3	GDF5, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, MAP2K1, GH1
46	Activation of cAMP-Dependent PKA36	9.3	GCG, GHRH, PLCG1, FGFR3, GDF5, DDR2
47	Development_Prolactin receptor signaling41	9.2	PRL, GH1, STAT5B, STAT1, PLCG1, MAP2K1
48	Development Prolactin receptor signaling10	9.2	STAT5B, PRL, STAT1, MAP2K1, GH1, PLCG1
49	JAK-STAT Pathway36	8.8	GHRH, GHR, IL18R1, GH1, F2RL2, IGF1
50	Jak-STAT signaling pathway20	8.6	PRL, TPO, STAT5B, STAT1, GHR, SPRED2

Compounds related to dwarfism according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 137)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	procollagen32	10.4	COL2A1, SERPINH1, IL18R1, IGF1, GH1, GHR
2	pegvisomant32 9 9	12.3	GHR, IGFBP1, IGFBP3, GHRH, IGF1, GH1
3	pyridinoline32	10.1	COL2A1, COMP, IGFBP3, IGF1, GH1, PTHLH
4	ghrp32	9.9	IGFBP3, IGF1, GHR, PRL, GHRHR, GHRH
5	hexarelin32	9.9	IGF1, IGFBP3, GHR, GHRHR, GH1, PRL
6	bromocriptine32 9 9	11.6	GH1, PRL, GHRH, POU1F1
7	lanreotide32	9.6	PRL, GHRH, GHR, GH1, IGF1, IGFBP3
8	pyridostigmine32 9 9	11.5	IGFBP3, GH1, IGFBP1, IGF1, GHRH, PRL
9	naltrexone32 34 9 9	12.4	GH1, PRL, IGFBP3, GHRH, IGF1, LBR
10	vitamin d32	9.3	LBR, FGFR2, IGFBP1, IGFBP3, IGF1, GH1
11	glucose32	9.3	STC1, TKTL1, COMP, PTHLH, PTH, GHRHR
12	calcitriol32 42 9 18 9	13.2	IL18R1, IGFBP1, IGFBP3, IGF1, GHR, PTH
13	gnrh32	9.2	IGFBP3, GHRH, IGF1, IGFBP1, FGFR1, INS
14	c-peptide32	9.2	PCSK1, GHR, PCSK2, FOXA2, GCG, TPO
15	oligonucleotide32	9.1	ERCC5, GHR, GH1, CANT1, SERPINH1, CDC6
16	thymidine32 18	10.1	IGFBP1, MAP2K1, IL18R1, FGFR2, FGFR1, LBR
17	estradiol32 9 18 9	12.0	STS, MAP2K1, PRL, THRA, GHRH, IGFBP1
18	forskolin32 42 9 9	12.0	PTHLH, TPO, GHRHR, GHRH, PTH1R, MAP2K1
19	clomiphene citrate32	8.9	INS, PRL, GH1, IGF1, IGFBP3, IGFBP1
20	progesterone32 42 9 18 9	12.9	PCSK1, FOXO1, FGFR1, FGFR2, MAP2K1, HOXA5
21	dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate32	8.8	PTH, GH1, STS, IGFBP3, IGFBP1, INS
22	creatinine32	8.8	GH1, PTHLH, GHR, TPO, CANT1, NPPC
23	androstenedione32 18	9.7	GHR, INS, IGFBP1, IGFBP3, IGF1, PRL
24	nitric oxide32 9 18 9	11.6	SERPINH1, GHR, MATN1, NPPC, NPR2, CANT1
25	tamoxifen32 34 9 9	11.6	PRL, STS, NOS1, PTHLH, PTH, IGFBP1
26	atp32	8.5	CANT1, FGFR2, GHR, ERCC3, NPR2, BLM
27	glutamate32	8.5	ACAN, IGFBP3, MAP2K1, IL18R1, FGFR3, IGFBP1
28	ibmx32	8.4	GCG, IGF1, PTH, PTH1R, PTHLH, INS
29	steroid32	8.3	LBR, ARSE, FGFR2, IL18R1, MAP2K1, IGFBP1
30	octreotide32 42 9 9	11.2	GHR, GHRH, PTHLH, TG, PRL, GH1
31	adenylate32	8.1	FGFR1, FGFR2, IL18R1, NPPC, TG, PLCG1
32	cysteine32	8.1	FGFR1, LHX3, PLCG1, IL18R1, LBR, STS
33	genistein32 9 18 9	10.9	MAP2K1, GH1, TPO, PLCG1, NOS1, TG
34	triiodothyronine32	7.8	PRL, GH1, PCSK2, IGFBP1, IGFBP3, IGF1
35	thyroxine32 18	8.8	INS, GH1, TPO, IGF1, IGFBP3, IGFBP1
36	acth32	7.7	PCSK1, PCSK2, IGFBP1, TPO, NPPC, POU1F1
37	vegf32	7.7	FGFR1, PLCG1, NOS1, IGFBP1, TG, FGFR2
38	cycloheximide32	7.7	MAP2K1, GHRH, GHR, GCG, GH1, IGF1
39	ribonucleic acid32	7.6	GHRH, TPO, GHRHR, GHR, GH1, IGF1
40	norepinephrine32 9 18 9	10.4	IGFBP3, IGFBP1, MAP2K1, LBR, GCG, NOS1
41	alanine32	7.4	PLCG1, NOS1, COL2A1, TG, STAT5B, POU1F1
42	dexamethasone32 42 34 9 9	11.2	PTH, PTH1R, PTHLH, PLCG1, NOS1, COL2A1
43	calcium32 9 18 9	9.7	WNT5A, PTH1R, PTH, DUOX2, TPO, TRPV4
44	testosterone32 9 18 9	9.7	MAP2K1, FGFR2, FGFR1, FOXO1, INS, LBR
45	lipid32	6.6	PTHLH, COL2A1, PLCG1, SMPD3, GH1, GHRH
46	estrogen32	6.3	IL18R1, THRA, TG, STC1, STAT1, STAT5B
47	retinoic acid32 42 18	8.3	WNT5A, NPPC, POU1F1, SOX9, STS, STAT5B
48	arginine32	6.0	GCG, LBR, INS, FGFR3, IL18R1, MAP2K1
49	tyrosine32	5.7	FOXO1, LHX3, LBR, INS, FGFR1, FGFR2
50	serine32	5.5	NPPC, SOX9, PROP1, STS, STAT5B, STAT1

Cellular components related to dwarfism according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	nucleus	GO:005634	INF	BLM, IGFBP3, IGF2BP1, MAP2K1, FGFR2, FGFR1
2	origin recognition complex	GO:000808	10.3	ORC4, ORC6, ORC1
3	nuclear origin of replication recognition complex	GO:005664	10.1	ORC1, ORC4, ORC6
4	holo TFIIH complex	GO:005675	9.8	ERCC5, ERCC2, ERCC3
5	endoplasmic reticulum lumen	GO:005788	9.1	PPIB, INS, ARSE, SERPINH1, GCG, COL2A1
6	secretory granule	GO:030141	8.5	GCG, INS, PCSK1, PCSK2, GHRHR
7	nucleoplasm	GO:005654	8.3	ERCC4, ERCC6, THRA, STAT1, STAT5B, ORC4
8	extracellular space	GO:005615	8.1	IGFBP1, WNT5A, NPPC, STC1, PTHLH, PCSK2
9	extracellular region	GO:005576	7.5	GHRH, IGF1, GCG, INS, FGFR1, FGFR2

Biological processes related to dwarfism according to GeneDecks:

(show all 46)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway	GO:043568	10.8	IGFBP3, GH1, GHRHR, GHRH, IGF1
2	adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	GO:007189	10.7	GHRHR, PTHLH, PTH1R, PTH, GHRH
3	positive regulation of phospholipase activity	GO:010518	10.7	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3
4	chondrocyte differentiation	GO:002062	10.6	COL2A1, FGFR1, FGFR3, PTH1R
5	lung-associated mesenchyme development	GO:060484	10.6	FGFR2, FGFR1, HOXA5
6	positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation	GO:002053	10.5	STAT1, SOX9, FGFR1, FGFR2
7	positive regulation of multicellular organism growth	GO:040018	10.5	STAT5B, GHRHR, GHRH, GHR, GH1
8	limb bud formation	GO:060174	10.5	SOX9, COL2A1, FGFR2
9	lung alveolus development	GO:048286	10.5	IGF1, FGFR2, HOXA5, PTHLH, WNT5A
10	JAK-STAT cascade	GO:007259	10.5	STAT5B, STAT1, GHR, GH1, FGFR3
11	endochondral bone growth	GO:003416	10.5	DDR2, FGFR3, EVC
12	positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process	GO:030819	10.4	PTHLH, GHRHR, GHRH, GCG, PTH
13	cartilage condensation	GO:001502	10.3	SOX9, ROR2, THRA, COL2A1
14	cartilage development	GO:051216	10.3	SOX9, EVC, GDF5, WNT5A, COL2A1
15	ossification	GO:001503	10.3	NPR2, THRA, DDR2, STC1, SOX9, NPPC
16	bone mineralization	GO:030282	10.2	PTH1R, DUOX2, ERCC2, FGFR2
17	positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade	GO:014068	10.2	INS, FGFR1, IGF1, GH1, SOX9
18	multicellular organism growth	GO:035264	10.2	DUOX2, ERCC2, ERCC5, IGF1, PCNT, FGFR2
19	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision	GO:033683	10.2	ERCC3, ERCC4, ERCC2
20	response to UV	GO:009411	10.2	ERCC5, ERCC8, ERCC6, ERCC4, ERCC3
21	response to glucocorticoid stimulus	GO:051384	10.2	GHRHR, WNT5A, MAP2K1, GHR, PCSK1
22	skeletal system development	GO:001501	10.2	COL2A1, PTH, EVC, IGF1, MATN3, FGFR3
23	positive regulation of MAPK cascade	GO:043410	10.1	FGFR2, FGFR3, IGFBP3, IGF1, INS, FGFR1
24	negative regulation of cell proliferation	GO:008285	10.1	FGFR2, MAP2K1, IGFBP3, IGF1, PTH1R, POU1F1
25	UV protection	GO:009650	10.1	ERCC4, ERCC5, ERCC2
26	M/G1 transition of mitotic cell cycle	GO:000216	10.1	CDC6, ORC4, ORC1, ORC6, CDT1
27	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage removal	GO:000718	10.0	ERCC3, ERCC5, ERCC4, ERCC2
28	DNA replication	GO:006260	10.0	CDT1, CDC6, ORC4, ORC1, ORC6, IGF1
29	fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	GO:008543	10.0	FGFR2, FOXO1, FGFR1, PLCG1, MAP2K1, FGFR3
30	thyroid gland development	GO:030878	9.9	TG, THRA, DUOX2, HOXA5
31	positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process	GO:045725	9.9	INS, PTH, IGF1
32	transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair	GO:006283	9.9	ERCC5, ERCC8, ERCC4, ERCC6, ERCC3, ERCC2
33	nucleotide-excision repair	GO:006289	9.8	ERCC2, ERCC4, ERCC6, ERCC3, ERCC8, ERCC5
34	cell-cell signaling	GO:007267	9.8	FGFR2, GDF5, STC1, PTHLH, PTH, PCSK1
35	positive regulation of cell proliferation	GO:008284	9.7	FGFR3, MLL2, INS, PTHLH, FGFR1, FGFR2
36	JAK-STAT cascade involved in growth hormone signaling pathway	GO:060397	9.7	STAT5B, STAT1, GHR, GH1, PRL
37	insulin receptor signaling pathway	GO:008286	9.6	FOXO1, INS, FGFR2, FGFR3, MAP2K1, IGFBP1
38	hormone biosynthetic process	GO:042446	9.6	TPO, DUOX2, TG
39	regulation of multicellular organism growth	GO:040014	9.5	NPPC, PRL, GHR, IGF1, FGFR2, GDF5
40	endocrine pancreas development	GO:031018	9.5	INS, FOXA2, FOXO1, SOX9
41	mitotic cell cycle	GO:000278	9.5	CENPJ, ORC1, PCNT, CEP152, CDC6, ORC4
42	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent	GO:045893	9.3	BLM, LHX3, FOXO1, WNT5A, ROR2, SOX9
43	negative regulation of apoptotic process	GO:043066	9.2	GCG, LHX3, FGFR1, ERCC2, ERCC5, INS
44	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	GO:045944	8.5	FOXA2, FOXO1, MLL2, STAT1, ERCC3, LHX3
45	DNA repair	GO:006281	INF	ERCC6, ERCC4, ERCC8, ERCC5, ERCC3, ERCC2
46	cell cycle checkpoint	GO:000075	INF	ERCC2, ORC6, , ORC1, ORC4, ERCC3

Molecular functions related to dwarfism according to GeneDecks:

(show all 7)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	fibroblast growth factor-activated receptor activity	GO:005007	10.4	FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3
2	peptide hormone receptor binding	GO:051428	10.2	PTHLH, PTH, NPPC
3	protein tyrosine kinase activity	GO:004713	10.1	FGFR1, NEK1, FGFR2, FGFR3, MAP2K1
4	DNA-dependent ATPase activity	GO:008094	9.7	ERCC6, ERCC8, ERCC3, ERCC2
5	protein N-terminus binding	GO:047485	9.2	ERCC5, ERCC2, ERCC3, ERCC4, ERCC6
6	hormone activity	GO:005179	8.2	INS, GCG, IGF1, GH1, PTH, PTHLH
7	protein binding	GO:005515	INF	ERCC8, MATN3, MAP2K1, MATN1, FGFR3, FGFR2