Fetal Alcohol Syndrome malady

Disease Ontology: A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in severe mental and physical defects which can develop in a child when the mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. the presenting features include craniofacial dysmorphology (microcephaly, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, small eye openings), pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, and central nervous system dysfunction.⁶

MalaCards: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is related to alcoholism and partial fetal alcohol syndrome. An important gene associated with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is ZIC5 (Zic family member 5), and among its related pathways are Celecoxib Pathway, Pharmacokinetics and Tyrosine metabolism. The compounds n-benzylformamide and 4-Iodopyrazole have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include b cells, and related mouse phenotypes are craniofacial and skeleton.

Wikipedia: Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a pattern of mental and physical defects that can develop in a fetus in...⁴⁴ more...

fetal alcohol syndrome 6 8 32 43

Diseases related to fetal alcohol syndrome by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 59)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	alcoholism	32.2	ADH1B, ALDH2, GRIN2B, AKR1A1, SLC6A3
2	partial fetal alcohol syndrome	30.3	ADH6, NKD2, OTX2, PFAS, DVL3, EN2
3	alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder	27.9	EN2, ALDH1A2, DMBX1, DIO3, PFAS, NKD2
4	alcohol-related birth defect	27.3	ADH6, ADH1B, NKD2, DVL3, DMBX1, DIO3
5	neuronitis	21.5	DVL3, SLC6A3, ADNP, ALDH2, VIP, PVALB
6	alcoholic cardiomyopathy	13.2	AKR1A1, ALDH2
7	alcoholic pancreatitis	13.2	ALDH2, AKR1A1, ADH1B
8	alcoholic liver cirrhosis	13.2	ALDH2, AKR1A1, ADH1B
9	dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy	12.9	CALB2, PVALB, GFAP
10	drug dependence	12.9	ADH1A, ADH6, ADH1B, SLC6A3
11	focal cortical dysplasia	12.9	PVALB, GFAP, CALB2
12	pneumothorax	12.9	PVALB, CALB2, GFAP
13	ganglioglioma	12.9	PVALB, GFAP, CALB2
14	malignant pleural mesothelioma	12.8	CALB2, ADH1B, PVALB, ALDH2
15	alcoholic hepatitis	12.8	AKR1A1, ADH1B, ALDH2
16	adhd	12.8	SLC6A3, ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B
17	subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy	12.8	VIP, GFAP
18	substance abuse	12.7	ALDH2, SLC6A3, ADH1B
19	holoprosencephaly	12.7	ZIC5, SHH, OTX2
20	alcohol abuse	12.6	SLC6A3, ALDH2, AKR1A1
21	retinol binding protein	12.6	AKR1A1, GFAP, RBP1, ALDH1A2
22	gliosis	12.5	PVALB, GFAP, CALB2
23	progressive supranuclear palsy	12.4	SLC6A3, PVALB, GFAP
24	liver cirrhosis	12.4	VIP, ADH1B, AKR1A1, ALDH2
25	supranuclear palsy	12.3	GFAP, PVALB, SLC6A3
26	hirschsprung's disease	12.2	CALB2, GFAP, VIP, L1CAM
27	neurodegenerative disease	12.2	CALB2, AKR1A1, GFAP, PVALB, SLC6A3
28	hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer	12.1	VIP, RBP1, ADH1A
29	major depressive disorder	11.9	CALB2, PVALB, SLC6A3, GRIN2B
30	temporal lobe epilepsy	11.9	GFAP, PVALB, GRIN2B, CALB2
31	hydrocephalus	11.9	GFAP, L1CAM, SLC6A3, VIP
32	esophageal cancer	11.8	AKR1A1, ADH6, ADH1B, SHH, GRIN2B, ALDH2
33	medulloblastoma	11.7	VIP, SHH, OTX2, EN2, GFAP
34	pharyngitis	11.7	GFAP, ADH1B, OTX2, CHRM3, ALDH1A2, ALDH2
35	neuropathy	11.6	VIP, AKR1A1, GFAP, PVALB, ADH1B, ALDH2
36	prion disease	11.6	PVALB, GRIN2B, CALB2, GFAP, SLC6A3
37	parkinson's disease	11.6	SLC6A3, GRIN2B, ALDH2, CALB2, PVALB, AKR1A1
38	alcohol dependence	11.5	AKR1A1, SLC6A3, ADH1B, ADH6, GRIN2B, ALDH2
39	retinoblastoma	11.3	CHRM3, OTX2, SHH, GFAP, PVALB, VIP
40	pancreatic cancer	11.2	ADH1A, L1CAM, RBP1, VIP, FANCE, AKR1A1
41	dementia	11.1	CALB2, L1CAM, VIP, GFAP, PVALB, SLC6A3
42	epilepsy syndrome	11.0	GRIN2B, CALB2, VIP, SLC6A3, GFAP, PVALB
43	squamous cell carcinoma	10.9	AKR1A1, ALDH2, FANCE, GRIN2B, L1CAM, RBP1
44	multiple sclerosis	10.9	SHH, PVALB, ADNP, CALB2, GFAP, L1CAM
45	neurodegeneration	10.9	PVALB, VIP, CALB2, GFAP, SLC6A3, GRIN2B
46	pancreatitis	10.4	FANCE, L1CAM, CHRM3, VIP, ADH1A, ALDH2
47	colorectal cancer	10.3	ADH1B, L1CAM, ADH1A, RBP1, VIP, ALDH2
48	adenocarcinoma	10.3	GFAP, L1CAM, VIP, SHH, ADH1B, CALB2
49	bipolar disorder	10.3	PVALB, VIP, CHRM3, GRIN2B, CALB2, OTX2
50	cerebritis	10.3	ADH1B, CALB2, VIP, AKR1A1, OTX2, GFAP

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

MalaCards organs/tissues related to fetal alcohol syndrome:

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to fetal alcohol syndrome:

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id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	craniofacial phenotype	MP:0005382	8.4	NKD2, DVL3, SHH, PFAS, OTX2, AKR1A1
2	skeleton phenotype	MP:0005390	7.5	NKD2, SLC6A3, DVL3, SHH, PFAS, OTX2
3	vision/eye phenotype	MP:0005391	7.3	GFAP, SHH, PFAS, OTX2, ALDH1A2, L1CAM
4	reproductive system phenotype	MP:0005389	7.1	OTX2, SHH, SLC6A3, NKD2, DIO3, DMBX1
5	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	7.1	RBP1, SLC6A3, PVALB, DVL3, SHH, OTX2
6	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	5.9	OTX2, SHH, GFAP, DVL3, SLC6A3, DIO3
7	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	5.7	OTX2, SHH, GFAP, PVALB, SLC6A3, NKD2
8	growth/size phenotype	MP:0005378	5.5	OTX2, SHH, GFAP, DVL3, SLC6A3, NKD2
9	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	5.1	DIO3, OTX2, SHH, GFAP, DVL3, SLC6A3

Articles related to fetal alcohol syndrome:

(show all 11)

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	Effect of gestational ethanol exposure on parvalbumin and calretinin expressing hippocampal neurons in a chick model of fetal alcohol syndrome. (19251116)	Marshall A.G.... Chaudhuri J.D.	2009	CALB2, PVALB
2	Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B genotype and fetal alcohol syndrome: a HuGE minireview. (17618743)	Green R.F.... Stoler J.M.	2007	ADH1B
3	Deep serotonergic and dopaminergic structures in fetal alcoholic syndrome: a study with nor-beta-CIT-single-photon emission computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging volumetry. (15953494)	Riikonen R.S.... Kuikka J.T.	2005	SLC6A3
4	Vasoactive intestinal peptide mRNA and immunoreactivity are decreased in fetal alcohol syndrome model. (12220738)	Spong C.Y.... Brenneman D.E.	2002	VIP
5	Inhibition of muscarinic receptor-induced proliferation of astroglial cells by ethanol: mechanisms and implications for the fetal alcohol syndrome. (12520758)	Costa L.G.... Guizzetti M.	2002	CHRM3
6	Alcohol dehydrogenase-2*2 allele is associated with decreased prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome in the mixed-ancestry population of the Western Cape Province, South Africa. (11781503)	Viljoen D.L.... Li T.K.	2001	ALDH2, ADH1B
7	Glia and fetal alcohol syndrome. (11770880)	Guerri C.... Renau-Piqueras J.	2001	GFAP
8	Contribution to first-pass metabolism of ethanol and inhibition by ethanol for retinol oxidation in human alcohol dehydrogenase family--implications for etiology of fetal alcohol syndrome and alcohol-related diseases. (9652389)	Han C.L.... Yin S.J.	1998	AKR1A1
9	Computational modeling of a putative fetal alcohol syndrome mechanism. (8749832)	Whitmire D.... Whitmire P.S.	1995	AKR1A1
10	The role of alcohol dehydrogenase in retinoic acid homeostasis and fetal alcohol syndrome. (7748347)	Shean M.L.... Duester G.	1993	AKR1A1, ADH1A
11	A hypothetical mechanism for fetal alcohol syndrome involving ethanol inhibition of retinoic acid synthesis at the alcohol dehydrogenase step. (1877746)	Duester G.	1991	AKR1A1

Genes related to fetal alcohol syndrome according to GeneCards:

(show all 27)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	ZIC5	Zic family member 5	11.0
2	ADH6	alcohol dehydrogenase 6 (class V)	11.0
3	PFAS	phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase	11.0	Disorders
4	ADH1B	alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (class I), beta polypeptide	11.0	Publications
5	PVALB	parvalbumin	11.0	Publications
6	AKR1A1	aldo-keto reductase family 1, member A1 (aldehyde reductase)	11.0	Publications
7	DMBX1	diencephalon/mesencephalon homeobox 1	11.0	Disorders
8	ADH1A	alcohol dehydrogenase 1A (class I), alpha polypeptide	11.0	Publications
9	DIO3	deiodinase, iodothyronine, type III	11.0
10	FANCE	Fanconi anemia, complementation group E	11.0
11	EN2	engrailed homeobox 2	11.0
12	DVL3	dishevelled, dsh homolog 3 (Drosophila)	11.0
13	RBP1	retinol binding protein 1, cellular	11.0
14	NKD2	naked cuticle homolog 2 (Drosophila)	11.0	Disorders
15	OTX2	orthodenticle homeobox 2	11.0
16	ADNP	activity-dependent neuroprotector homeobox	11.0
17	SHH	sonic hedgehog	11.0
18	L1CAM	L1 cell adhesion molecule	11.0
19	CALB2	calbindin 2	11.0	Publications
20	VIP	vasoactive intestinal peptide	11.0	Publications
21	ACSS3	acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 3	11.0	Disorders
22	ALDH1A2	aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2	11.0
23	ALDH2	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family (mitochondrial)	11.0	Publications
24	CHRM3	cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 3	11.0	Publications
25	GFAP	glial fibrillary acidic protein	11.0	Publications
26	SLC6A3	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	11.0	Publications
27	GRIN2B	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2B	11.0

Pathways related to fetal alcohol syndrome according to GeneDecks:

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Celecoxib Pathway, Pharmacokinetics34	10.1	ADH1A, ADH1B
2	Tyrosine metabolism20	10.0	ADH1B, ADH1A, ADH6
3	Drug metabolism - cytochrome P45020	10.0	ADH1B, ADH1A, ADH6
4	Retinol metabolism20	9.7	ALDH1A2, ADH1B, ADH1A, ADH6
5	Fatty acid metabolism20	9.7	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, ALDH2
6	Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P45020	9.7	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B
7	Wnt / Hedgehog / Notch3	9.6	NKD2, DVL3, SHH, OTX2
8	Cyclophosphamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics34	9.6	ALDH2, AKR1A1, ADH1B, ADH1A, ADH6
9	Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis20	9.6	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, AKR1A1, ALDH2
10	Metabolic pathways20	8.3	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, ACSS3, PFAS, AKR1A1

Compounds related to fetal alcohol syndrome according to GeneDecks:

(show all 41)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	n-benzylformamide32 9 9	12.5	AKR1A1, ADH1B
2	4-Iodopyrazole9 9	11.4	ADH1A, ADH1B
3	Fomepizole9 9	11.4	ADH1A, ADH1B
4	cyanine32	10.3	PVALB, CALB2
5	abacavir32 34 9 9	13.1	AKR1A1, ADH6
6	propionaldehyde32	10.0	AKR1A1, ALDH2
7	rsai32	10.0	ADH1B, AKR1A1, ALDH2
8	benzaldehyde32 18	11.0	AKR1A1, ALDH2
9	betaine aldehyde32 18	10.9	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, ALDH2
10	decanal32 18	10.9	ALDH2, ALDH1A2
11	glycerol32 9 18 9	12.8	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, AKR1A1
12	nad+32	9.8	PVALB, AKR1A1, ALDH2, RBP1
13	quinolinic acid32 18	10.7	CALB2, GFAP, PVALB
14	glyceraldehyde32 18	10.5	AKR1A1, ALDH2
15	Nicotinamide-Adenine-Dinucleotide9 9	10.5	ADH1A, ADH1B, AKR1A1, ALDH2, ALDH1A2
16	tetrodotoxin32	9.4	VIP, GFAP, PVALB
17	125i32	9.4	VIP, DIO3, SLC6A3
18	acetaldehyde32 18	10.4	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, AKR1A1, ALDH2, ALDH1A2
19	retinoid32	9.3	ADH1A, AKR1A1, ALDH2, ALDH1A2, RBP1
20	nadh32 9 18 9	12.3	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, AKR1A1, ALDH2, ALDH1A2
21	ketamine32 9 9	11.3	GRIN2B, PVALB, SLC6A3
22	formaldehyde32 18	10.3	ALDH2, AKR1A1, GFAP, PVALB
23	polyacrylamide32	9.2	ADH1B, PVALB, GFAP, AKR1A1, ALDH2
24	retinaldehyde32	9.2	GFAP, ALDH2, ALDH1A2, RBP1
25	vitamin a32 9 18 9	12.1	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, AKR1A1, ALDH2, ALDH1A2
26	methamphetamine32 9 9	11.1	GFAP, PVALB, SLC6A3
27	nadph32 18	10.0	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, PVALB, AKR1A1, CALB2
28	haloperidol32 34 9 9	11.8	SLC6A3, PVALB, AKR1A1, GRIN2B, VIP
29	6-hydroxydopamine32	8.8	VIP, GFAP, SLC6A3
30	clozapine32 34 9 9	11.8	SLC6A3, PVALB, GRIN2B, CHRM3
31	zinc32 18	9.8	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, ADNP, PVALB, GFAP
32	5-hydroxytryptamine32	8.6	SLC6A3, GFAP, AKR1A1, CALB2, VIP
33	cysteine32	8.5	CHRM3, ALDH2, AKR1A1, DIO3, GFAP
34	gaba32 42	9.4	SLC6A3, PVALB, GFAP, AKR1A1, CALB2, VIP
35	aspartate32	8.4	SLC6A3, PVALB, GFAP, CHRM3, VIP
36	nmda32 42	9.3	SLC6A3, PVALB, GFAP, CALB2, GRIN2B
37	acetylcholine32 9 18 9	11.0	SLC6A3, PVALB, GFAP, CALB2, CHRM3, VIP
38	choline32 9 18 9	10.6	ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, SLC6A3, PVALB, GFAP
39	ethanol32 34 9 18 9	11.4	RBP1, ADH6, ADH1A, ADH1B, PVALB, GFAP
40	dopamine32 9 18 9	10.3	ADH1B, SLC6A3, PVALB, GFAP, AKR1A1, CALB2
41	glutamate32	7.1	SLC6A3, PVALB, GFAP, AKR1A1, CALB2, ALDH2

Biological processes related to fetal alcohol syndrome according to GeneDecks:

(show all 11)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	midbrain development	GO:030901	9.9	EN2, OTX2, SHH
2	vitamin A metabolic process	GO:006776	9.9	RBP1, ALDH1A2
3	alcohol metabolic process	GO:006066	9.8	ADH1A, ALDH2
4	hindbrain development	GO:030902	9.8	EN2, ALDH1A2, SHH
5	ethanol oxidation	GO:006069	9.8	ALDH2, ADH1B, ADH1A, ADH6
6	Bergmann glial cell differentiation	GO:060020	9.7	GFAP, SHH
7	forebrain development	GO:030900	9.7	ZIC5, OTX2, SHH
8	response to carbohydrate stimulus	GO:009743	9.7	GRIN2B, ADNP
9	xenobiotic metabolic process	GO:006805	9.6	ALDH2, ADH1B, ADH1A, ADH6
10	intermediate filament organization	GO:045109	9.3	SHH, GFAP
11	response to ethanol	GO:045471	8.9	ADH6, SLC6A3, SHH, GRIN2B

Molecular functions related to fetal alcohol syndrome according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	alcohol dehydrogenase activity, zinc-dependent	GO:004024	10.1	ADH1B, ADH1A
2	alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD) activity	GO:004022	10.0	ADH1A, ADH6
3	retinal binding	GO:016918	9.8	RBP1, ALDH1A2
4	drug binding	GO:008144	8.3	CHRM3, GRIN2B, SLC6A3