Fetal Macrosomia malady

Wikipedia: Large for gestational age (LGA) is an indication of high prenatal growth rate, often defined as a weight...⁴⁴ more...

MalaCards: Fetal Macrosomia is related to diabetes mellitus and hypoglycemic coma. An important gene associated with Fetal Macrosomia is PGM1 (phosphoglucomutase 1), and among its related pathways are IRS activation and Transcription Transcription factor Tubby signaling pathways. The compounds rapamycin and testosterone have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include placenta, and related mouse phenotypes are integument and nervous system.

fetal macrosomia 30 32 43

Diseases related to fetal macrosomia by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 220)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	diabetes mellitus	25.6	SLC2A3, GLS2, IGF1, IGF2, INSR, INS
2	hypoglycemic coma	13.3	IGF2, INS
3	hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia	13.3	IGF2, INS
4	sexual disorder	13.2	OXT, INS
5	hypoglycemia of infancy	13.2	IGF2, INS
6	persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy	13.2	IGF2, INS
7	pancreatic islet cell tumors	13.2	IGF2, INS
8	insulin-like growth factor 1 resistance to	13.2	IGF1, IGF2
9	overnutrition	13.2	INS, LEP
10	lipoatrophic diabetes	13.2	INS, LEP
11	intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation	13.1	IGF1, IGF2
12	acute lymphoblastic leukemia, childhood	13.1	INS, LEP
13	alström syndrome	13.1	INS, LEP
14	congenital generalized lipodystrophy	13.1	INS, LEP
15	petrositis	13.1	OXT, IGF1
16	acid-labile subunit	13.1	IGF1, IGF2
17	alexia	13.1	IGF1, IGF2
18	familial partial lipodystrophy	13.1	INS, LEP
19	sheehan syndrome	13.1	IGF1, INS
20	growth disorders	13.1	IGF1, IGF2
21	transient neonatal diabetes mellitus	13.1	IGF1, INS
22	osteochondrosis	13.1	IGF1, IGF2
23	pituitary gland disease	13.1	IGF1, INS
24	skin tag	13.1	INS, LEP
25	diabetic autonomic neuropathy	13.1	IGF1, INS
26	chronic kidney failure	13.0	INS, LEP
27	hypothalamic hamartomas	13.0	INS, IGF1
28	panhypopituitarism	13.0	IGF1, IGF2
29	combined pituitary hormone deficiency	13.0	IGF1, INS
30	myelomeningocele	13.0	IGF1, LEP
31	neonatal diabetes mellitus	13.0	INS, IGF1
32	pituitary hormone deficiency	13.0	INS, IGF1
33	neuroectodermal endocrine syndrome	13.0	INS, LEP
34	thyroid hormone metabolism	12.9	IGF1, INS
35	delayed puberty	12.9	IGF1, LEP
36	skeletal muscle regeneration	12.9	IGF1, IGF2
37	diabetic angiopathy	12.9	INS, LEP
38	familial male-limited precocious puberty	12.9	LEP, IGF1
39	high blood pressure	12.9	LEP, INS
40	osteopenia/osteoporosis	12.8	IGF1, LEP
41	abetalipoproteinemia	12.8	IGF1, LEP
42	virilization	12.8	IGF2, INS, LEP
43	hemihypertrophy	12.8	IGF2, INSR
44	insulin autoimmune syndrome	12.8	INSR, INS
45	uterine fibroid	12.8	OXT, IGF1, IGF2
46	bulimia nervosa	12.8	OXT, INS, LEP
47	laron syndrome	12.8	INS, IGF2, IGF1
48	hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer	12.8	OXT, IGF1, IGF2
49	costello syndrome	12.8	INS, IGF2, IGF1
50	placental choriocarcinoma	12.8	INS, LEP

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

MalaCards organs/tissues related to fetal macrosomia:

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to fetal macrosomia:

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id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	integument phenotype	MP:0010771	10.1	OXT
2	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	9.1	IGF2, INSR, INS
3	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	8.8	LEP, OXT, SLC2A3
4	adipose tissue phenotype	MP:0005375	8.3	INS, INSR, IGF1, LEP
5	renal/urinary system phenotype	MP:0005367	8.2	OXT, LEP, INS, INSR, IGF2
6	digestive/alimentary phenotype	MP:0005381	8.1	OXT, INSR, LEP, INS, IGF2
7	cardiovascular system phenotype	MP:0005385	7.7	LEP, IGF1, IGF2, INSR, INS, OXT
8	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	7.3	OXT, SLC2A3, IGF2, INSR, INS, LEP
9	reproductive system phenotype	MP:0005389	7.1	IGF2, INSR, INS, LEP, OXT, SLC2A3
10	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	7.1	SLC2A3, OXT, INS, LEP, INSR, IGF2

Articles related to fetal macrosomia:

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	No loss of genomic imprinting of IGF-II and H19 in placentas of diabetic pregnancies with fetal macrosomia. (17306581)	Vambergue A.... Rousseaux J.	2007	IGF2
2	Is fetal macrosomia in adequately controlled diabetic women the result of a placental defect?--a hypothesis. (12375681)	Desoye G.... Hahn T.	2002	SLC2A3
3	Effect of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I on fetal macrosomia in healthy women. (11811284)	JaksiA8 J.... Tadin I.	2001	IGF1, INS
4	Cord leptin level and fetal macrosomia. (11042305)	Wiznitzer A.... Mazor M.	2000	LEP
5	Insulin-like growth factors, their binding proteins, and fetal macrosomia in offspring of nondiabetic pregnant women. (9475683)	Wiznitzer A.... Levy J.	1998	IGF2, INS
6	On the association between maternal phosphoglucomutase 1 (PGM1) and fetal macrosomia in diabetic pregnancy. (8863716)	Bottini E.	1996	PGM1
7	Lack of association between maternal phosphoglucomutase-1 phenotype and fetal macrosomia in diabetic pregnancy. (8193100)	Johnstone F.D.... Prescott R.J.	1994	INSR, PGM1
8	Maternal insulin to lower the risk of fetal macrosomia in diabetic pregnancy. (1868636)	Coustan D.R.	1991	INS
9	Transplacental passage of insulin in pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Its role in fetal macrosomia. (2195347)	Menon R.K.... Khoury J.C.	1990	INS

Genes related to fetal macrosomia according to GeneCards:

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	PGM1	phosphoglucomutase 1	11.0	Publications
2	IGF2	insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A)	11.0	Publications
3	OXT	oxytocin, prepropeptide	11.0
4	LEP	leptin	11.0	Publications
5	INS	insulin	11.0	Publications
6	GLS2	glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial)	11.0
7	SLC2A3	solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 3	11.0	Publications
8	INSR	insulin receptor	11.0	Publications
9	IGF1	insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C)	11.0	Publications

Pathways related to fetal macrosomia according to GeneDecks:

(show all 14)

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	IRS activation38	9.4	INS, INSR
2	Transcription Transcription factor Tubby signaling pathways10	9.2	INSR, INS
3	Transcription_Transcription factor Tubby signaling pathways41	9.1	INSR, INS
4	Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption20	9.0	IGF1, INSR, INS
5	Transcription Receptor-mediated HIF regulation10	8.9	INSR, IGF1, INS
6	Selected targets of GCR-alpha10	8.9	LEP, INSR, INS
7	Transcription_Receptor-mediated HIF regulation41	8.9	INS, INSR, IGF1
8	Adipocytokines & Insulin Signaling37	8.9	INSR, INS, LEP
9	Anti-diabetic Drug Potassium Channel Inhibitors Pathway, Pharmacodynamics34	8.9	INS, INSR
10	AMPK Enzyme Complex Pathway36	8.9	INS, LEP, INSR
11	Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency36	8.8	IGF1, INSR, IGF2
12	mTOR Pathway36	8.6	IGF2, INSR, IGF1, INS
13	eIF2 Pathway36	8.5	INS, IGF1, IGF2, INSR
14	p70S6K Signaling36	8.5	IGF2, INSR, IGF1, INS

Compounds related to fetal macrosomia according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 92)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	rapamycin32 42	11.1	INS, IGF2
2	testosterone32 9 18 9	12.7	OXT, INSR
3	glucose32	9.6	IGF2, PGM1, SLC2A3
4	creatinine32	9.6	IGF1, LEP, OXT
5	megestrol acetate32	9.6	IGF2, IGF1, LEP
6	cetrorelix32 9 9	11.6	IGF1, LEP, IGF2
7	gnrh32	9.5	IGF1, INS, LEP
8	poly(glu(80)tyr(20))32	9.5	INS, INSR
9	acipimox32	9.5	IGF1, LEP, INS
10	cortisone32 18	10.4	LEP, INS, IGF1
11	2,4-dinitrophenol32	9.4	IGF2, IGF1, SLC2A3
12	c-peptide32	9.3	LEP, INSR, IGF2
13	chromium picolinate32	9.3	INSR, INS
14	pq 40142	9.3	IGF1, INSR
15	ag 102432	9.2	INSR, IGF2, IGF1
16	dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate32	9.2	LEP, IGF1, IGF2, INS
17	dhea32	9.2	IGF1, INS, IGF2, LEP
18	androstenedione32 18	10.1	IGF2, IGF1, LEP, INS
19	ascorbic acid32 18	10.1	SLC2A3, OXT, IGF2
20	mecasermin32 9 9	11.1	INS, INSR, IGF1
21	glibenclamide32 34	10.1	INS, LEP, INSR
22	streptozotocin32	9.0	OXT, INSR, INS
23	demethylasterriquinone b142	9.0	INSR, IGF1
24	clomiphene citrate32	9.0	INS, IGF1, INSR
25	l-nmma32	8.9	INSR, IGF1, LEP
26	fenofibrate32 9 9	10.9	INSR, INS, LEP
27	norepinephrine32 9 18 9	11.9	INS, IGF2, OXT, LEP
28	pioglitazone32 9 9	10.9	IGF2, LEP, INSR, INS
29	progestin32	8.8	OXT, IGF1, IGF2, INSR
30	acth32	8.8	LEP, INS, IGF2, IGF1, OXT
31	octreotide32 42 9 9	11.8	IGF1, IGF2, INS, INSR
32	aicar32 42 9 18 9	12.7	INS, LEP, INSR, IGF1
33	dihydrotestosterone32 9 18 9	11.7	INSR, IGF2, IGF1, LEP
34	metformin32 34 9 9	11.7	INS, INSR, IGF1, LEP
35	hydrocortisone32 9 9	10.7	INSR, IGF2, IGF1, INS
36	ibmx32	8.7	INS, IGF2, INSR, IGF1
37	dexamethasone32 42 34 9 9	12.6	LEP, INSR, IGF2
38	gaba32 42	9.6	INSR, LEP, GLS2, OXT
39	epinephrine32 9 18 9	11.5	LEP, INS, INSR, OXT
40	progesterone32 42 9 18 9	12.5	OXT, IGF1, IGF2, LEP, SLC2A3
41	ly29400232	8.3	INS, LEP, IGF2, IGF1, INSR
42	glutamine32	8.2	IGF1, OXT, INSR, IGF2, GLS2
43	2-deoxyglucose32	8.2	IGF1, INS, INSR, IGF2, SLC2A3
44	glycogen32 18	9.1	SLC2A3, GLS2, IGF2, INSR, INS
45	cycloheximide32	8.0	LEP, INSR, IGF2, IGF1, SLC2A3
46	thyroxine32 18	9.0	OXT, IGF1, IGF2, INS, LEP, INSR
47	glutamate32	7.9	INSR, LEP, IGF2, GLS2, INS, OXT
48	estrogen32	7.8	IGF2, INSR, INS, IGF1, OXT, LEP
49	vegf32	7.7	IGF1, SLC2A3, OXT, IGF2, INSR, LEP
50	arginine32	7.5	INS, IGF1, OXT, LEP, IGF2, INSR

Cellular components related to fetal macrosomia according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	extracellular space	GO:005615	8.4	LEP, INS, IGF2, IGF1, OXT

Biological processes related to fetal macrosomia according to GeneDecks:

(show all 21)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	bone mineralization involved in bone maturation	GO:035630	9.8	IGF1, LEP
2	positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation	GO:042104	9.6	IGF2, IGF1
3	eating behavior	GO:042755	9.6	LEP, OXT
4	positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway	GO:046628	9.6	LEP, INS, IGF2
5	positive regulation of developmental growth	GO:048639	9.5	INSR, LEP
6	positive regulation of respiratory burst	GO:060267	9.4	INS, INSR
7	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	GO:050731	9.3	IGF1, INS, IGF2
8	activation of protein kinase B activity	GO:032148	9.3	INSR, INS
9	response to activity	GO:014823	9.3	INSR, OXT
10	exocrine pancreas development	GO:031017	9.3	IGF1, INSR
11	glucose metabolic process	GO:006006	9.2	PGM1, IGF2, INS, LEP
12	positive regulation of glycolysis	GO:045821	9.0	INS, INSR, IGF1
13	positive regulation of glucose import	GO:046326	8.9	INS, IGF1, INSR
14	positive regulation of DNA replication	GO:045740	8.9	INS, IGF1, INSR
15	insulin receptor signaling pathway	GO:008286	8.9	INS, INSR, IGF2
16	positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	GO:045429	8.9	INSR, INS
17	positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process	GO:045725	8.7	IGF1, INS, IGF2, INSR
18	positive regulation of mitosis	GO:045840	8.7	INS, INSR, IGF2, IGF1
19	positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade	GO:051897	8.6	IGF1, IGF2, INSR, INS
20	positive regulation of MAPK cascade	GO:043410	8.3	IGF2, INSR, INS, LEP, IGF1
21	positive regulation of cell proliferation	GO:008284	8.2	IGF2, LEP, INS, INSR, IGF1

Molecular functions related to fetal macrosomia according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	growth factor activity	GO:008083	9.2	LEP, IGF2, IGF1
2	insulin receptor binding	GO:005158	8.9	INS, IGF1, IGF2
3	hormone activity	GO:005179	8.6	LEP, IGF1, IGF2, INS
4	insulin-like growth factor receptor binding	GO:005159	8.3	INS, INSR, IGF2, IGF1