Summaries for Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
30NIH Rare Diseases, 17Genetics Home Reference, 44Wikipedia, 15GeneReviews, 22MalaCards
See all sources

Export this MalaCard
NIH Rare Diseases: Kallmann syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by delayed puberty and an impaired sense of smell. Other symptoms can include color blindness, cleft lip or palate, hearing loss, failure of the kidneys to develop, abnormal development of secondary sex characteristics (such as breast development or pubic hair), and infertility. This disorder is a form of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Affected males are usually born with a small penis and underdeveloped testes. Affected females usually do not begin menstruating at puberty and have little or no breast development. In some people, puberty is incomplete or delayed.Four types of Kallmann syndrome have been identified, which are designated as types 1 through 4. The most common type is Kallmann syndrome 1, which is inherited in an X-linked recessive fashion. Autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant inheritance has been noted in the other types. Mutations in the KAL1 gene cause Kallmann syndrome 1 and Kallmann syndrome 2 results from mutations in the FGFR1 gene. Mutations in PROKR2 cause Kallmann syndrome 3 and mutations in the PROK2 gene cause Kallmann syndrome 4. Other genes associated with this syndrome include CHD7 and FGF8.30

MalaCards: Kallmann Syndrome, also known as hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-anosmia syndrome, is related to adrenal hypoplasia and kallmann syndrome 1. An important gene associated with Kallmann Syndrome is KAL1 (Kallmann syndrome 1 sequence), and among its related pathways are Development_Role of Activin A in cell differentiation and proliferation and Development Role of Activin A in cell differentiation and proliferation. The drugs estropipate and polyestradiol and the compounds degarelix and antarelix have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, kidney and breast, and related mouse phenotypes are hearing/vestibular/ear and craniofacial.

Genetics Home Reference: Kallmann syndrome is a condition characterized by delayed or absent puberty and an impaired sense of smell.17

Wikipedia: Kallmann syndrome is a genetic condition which results in the failure to commence or the non-completion...44 more...

GeneReviews summary for kms

Aliases & Descriptions for Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
6Disease Ontology, 7diseasecard, 15GeneReviews, 30NIH Rare Diseases, 16GeneTests, 17Genetics Home Reference, 8DISEASES, 33OMIM, 32Novoseek , 43UMLS, 40SNOMED-CT, 27NCIt, 24MeSH
See all sources

Aliases & Descriptions:

kallmann syndrome 6 7 15 30 17 8 33 32 43
hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-anosmia syndrome 30 16 17
anosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 30 17
hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia 30 17
anosmic hypogonadism 30 17
kallmann's syndrome 30 16
idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 43
dysplasia olfactogenitalis of de morsier 30
hypogonadism with anosmia (disorder) 6
familial hypogonadism with anosmia 6
hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 43
kallman's syndrome 6
kallman syndrome 6
hypogonadism 43

Related Diseases for Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
13GeneCards, 14GeneDecks
See all sources

Disease types for kallmann syndrome family:

kallmann syndrome 1 kallmann syndrome 2
kallmann syndrome 3 kallmann syndrome 4
kallmann syndrome 5 kallmann syndrome 6

Diseases related to kallmann syndrome by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 244)
idRelated DiseaseScoreTop Affiliating Genes
1adrenal hypoplasia35.0GNRH1, ESRRB, NR0B1, NR5A1
2kallmann syndrome 134.2KAL1, FGFR1
3x-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita34.0ESRRB, NR0B1, NR5A1
4klinefelter's syndrome31.9NELF, TACR3, TAC3, GNRHR, FGFR1, CHD7
5x-linked ichthyosis31.0STS, TGM1, VCX3A
6gonadal dysgenesis30.0NR5A1, NR0B1, GNRH1, CGB5
7craniopharyngioma29.8PROP1, HESX1, NR5A1, CGA, LEP
8growth hormone deficiency29.7PROP1, HESX1, GNRH1, LEPR, LEP, LHX3
9gonadotropin deficiency29.5PROKR2, PROK2, HESX1, GNRHR, GNRH1, FGFR1
10anosmia29.4CHD7, XG, KAL1, PROKR2, PROK2, GNRHR
11renal agenesis29.1PROKR2, PROK2, STS, TGM1, FGFR1, FGF8
12prolactinoma28.9NR5A1, GNRHR, GNRH1, CGA
13charge syndrome28.9PAX2, CHD7, KAL1
14infertility28.8PLAU, NR5A1, GNRHR, GNRH1, KAL1, CGB5
15cerebellar hypoplasia28.6PROP1, HESX1, NR5A1, NR0B1, ESRRB, GPR143
16isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) deficiency28.5TACR3, KISS1R
17leptin receptor deficiency28.5LEPR, LEP
18bardet-biedl syndrome28.4CGA, LEPR, LEP, PAX2
19albinism28.3STS, GPR143, ARSE, KAL1, VCX3A
20obesity28.2PROP1, HESX1, NR5A1, NR0B1, ESRRB, GNRH1
21ichthyosis28.1VCX2, VCX, VCX3A, VCX3B, STS, TGM1
22chondrodysplasia punctata28.0STS, GPR143, ARSE, XG
23delayed puberty27.9KISS1, KISS1R, LEP, NR0B1, GNRHR, GNRH1
24chondrodysplasia27.9XG, ARSE, FGFR1, GPR143, STS
25hypertension27.7FGFR1, GNRH1, ESRRB, NR5A1, HESX1, TAC3
26prostatitis27.5GNRHR, ESRRB, NR0B1, PLAU, STS, PROK2
27hypogonadism27.2CHD7, LEPR, LEP, LHX3, PCSK1, KISS1R
28hypogonadotropism27.2TAC3, HESX1, NR5A1, NR0B1, ESRRB, GNRHR
29borjeson-forssman-lehmann syndrome27.2LHX3, HESX1, PROP1
30insulin resistance27.1PLAU, NR5A1, ESRRB, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA
31gynecomastia26.8GNRH1, CGB5, CGA, LEP
32ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome26.8GNRH1, CGB5, CGA, LEP
33pituitary tumor26.8PROP1, GNRHR, GNRH1, LEPR, PCSK1
34amenorrhea26.7NR5A1, GNRH1, CGA, LEP
35turner syndrome26.7NR0B1, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA, LEP
36azoospermia26.3CGA, CGB5, GNRH1, NR0B1, NR5A1
37familial male-limited precocious puberty26.2NR0B1, GNRHR, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA, LEP
38short stature26.1PROP1, STS, HESX1, NR0B1, GNRH1, ARSE
39ocular albinism26.1GPR143, ARSE, KAL1, XG, VCX3B, VCX3A
40hypothyroidism25.8PROP1, TGM1, HESX1, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA
41thyroiditis24.0GNRH1, GNRHR, ESRRB, NR0B1, NR5A1, PLAU
42adenocarcinoma23.1EMX2, STS, PLAU, NR5A1, NR0B1, ESRRB
43prostate carcinoma22.8GNRH1, GNRHR, ESRRB, NR0B1, PLAU, STS
44neuronitis20.9GNRH1, GNRHR, ESRRB, PLAU, NLGN4X, TGM1
45septooptic dysplasia13.6PROP1, HESX1, LHX3
46combined pituitary hormone deficiency13.6LHX3, HESX1, PROP1
47acth deficiency13.6PROP1, HESX1, PCSK1
48pituitary gland disease13.5PROP1, HESX1, GNRH1, LHX3
49anorchia13.5NR5A1, CGB5, CGA
50pituitary hypoplasia13.5PROP1, HESX1, LHX3

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to kallmann syndrome:



Graphical network of diseases related to kallmann syndrome

Clinical Features for Kallmann Syndrome

Drugs & Therapeutics for Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
4CenterWatch, 29NIH Clinical Center, 5ClinicalTrials, 43UMLS, 28NDF-RT
See all sources

Genetic Tests for Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
16GeneTests
See all sources

Genetic tests related to kallmann syndrome:

id Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Kallmann Syndrome
clinical/research
CHD7, KAL1, FLG, FGF8, FGFR1, PROK2, PROKR2

Anatomical Context for Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
22MalaCards
See all sources

MalaCards organs/tissues related to kallmann syndrome:

22
Brain, Kidney, Breast, T cells, Fetal brain, Olfactory bulb

Phenotypes for genes affiliated with Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
25MGI
See all sources

Publications for genes affiliated with Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
35PubMed
See all sources

Articles related to kallmann syndrome:

(show top 50)    (show all 109)
idTitleAuthorsYearAffiliating Genes
1A fertile male patient with Kallmann syndrome and two missense mutations in the KAL1 gene. (21168128)Zhang S.... Liu J.2011KAL1
2Identification of two novel missense mutations in the KAL1 gene in Han Chinese subjects with Kallmann Syndrome. (20530987)Jap T.S.... Won G.S.2011KAL1
3A case of Kallmann syndrome carrying a missense mutat ion in alternatively spliced exon 8A encoding the immunoglobulin-like domain II Ib of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1. (20139426)Miura K.... Masuzaki H.2010FGFR1, PROKR2, PROK2
4Clinical genetics of Kallmann syndrome. (20362962)DodAc C.... Hardelin J.P.2010FGFR1, KAL1, PROKR2
5Keratinocyte-derived anosmin-1, an extracellular glyc oprotein encoded by the X-linked Kallmann syndrome gene, is involved in modulat ion of epidermal nerve density in atopic dermatitis. (20219326)Tengara S.... Takamori K.2010KAL1
6Kallmann syndrome caused by mutations in the PROK2 an d PROKR2 genes: pathophysiology and genotype-phenotype correlations. (20389090)Sarfati J.... Young J.2010PROKR2, PROK2
7Genetic analysis in patients with Kallmann syndrome: coexistence of mutations in prokineticin receptor 2 and KAL1. (18723471)Canto P.... Mendez J.P.2009FGFR1, KAL1, PROKR2
8Kallmann syndrome. (18985070)DodAc C.... Hardelin J.P.2009PROKR2, PROK2
9Kallmann's syndrome: a comparison of the reproductive phenotypes in men carrying KAL1 and FGFR1/KAL2 mutations. (18160472)Salenave S.... Young J.2008FGFR1, KAL1
10Kallmann syndrome: a hystorical, clinical and molecular review (18345392)Ribeiro R.S.... Abucham J.2008FGFR1, KAL1
11Loss-of-function mutations in the genes encoding prokineticin-2 or prokineticin receptor-2 cause autosomal recessive Kallmann syndrome. (18682503)Abreu A.P.... Latronico A.C.2008FGFR1, GNRHR, KAL1
12Testicular expressed genes are missing in familial X-Linked Kallmann syndrome due to two large different deletions in daughter's X chromosomes. (18259106)Hershkovitz E.... Parvari R.2008KAL1
13Biallelic mutations in the prokineticin-2 gene in two sporadic cases of Kallmann syndrome. (18285834)Leroy C.... Dode C.2008PROKR2, PROK2
14Loss-of-function mutation in the prokineticin 2 gene causes Kallmann syndrome and normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. (17959774)Pitteloud N.... Crowley W.F.2007GNRH1, PROK2
15Molecular pathogenesis of Kallmann's syndrome. (17191030)Cadman S.M.... Bouloux P.M.2007FGFR1, PCSK1, NR0B1
16Reversible Kallmann syndrome: report of the first case with a KAL1 mutation and literature review. (17322486)Ribeiro R.S.... Abucham J.2007KAL1
17X-linked Kallmann's syndrome: intra and interfamilial heterogeneity (17568506)Vidal A.... Barrio R.2007KAL1
18Kallmann's syndrome, a neuronal migration defect. (16952059)Cariboni A.... Maggi R.2006FGFR1
19Paediatric phenotype of Kallmann syndrome due to mutations of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1). (16757108)Zenaty D.... de Roux N.2006FGFR1
20C. elegans Kallmann syndrome protein KAL-1 interacts with syndecan and glypican to regulate neuronal cell migrations. (16677626)Hudson M.L.... Chisholm A.D.2006KAL1
21Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Kallmann syndrome (16281511)Hao L.J.... Huang Y.F.2005GNRH1
22Kallmann syndrome: 14 novel mutations in KAL1 and FGFR1 (KAL2). (15605412)Albuisson J.... Dode C.2005FGFR1, KAL1, GNRH1
23Molecular genetics of isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and Kallmann syndrome. (15722618)Karges B.... de Roux N.2005FGFR1
24Clinical assessment and mutation analysis of Kallmann syndrome 1 (KAL1) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1, or KAL2) in five families and 18 sporadic patients. (15001591)Sato N.... Ogata T.2004FGFR1, KAL1
25A case of Kallmann syndrome associated with Dandy-Wal ker malformation. (14758574)Ueno H.... Matsukura S.2004KAL1
26The product of X-linked Kallmann's syndrome gene (KAL1) affects the migratory activity of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-producing neurons. (15471890)Cariboni A.... Maggi R.2004KAL1
27Kallmann syndrome in a patient with congenital spherocytosis and an interstitial 8p11.2 deletion. (11920837)Vermeulen S.... De Paepe A.2002ANK1, KAL1
28The Kallmann syndrome gene homolog in C. elegans is involved in epidermal morphogenesis and neurite branching. (11874923)Rugarli E.I.... Bazzicalupo P.2002KAL1
29Multicystic dysplastic kidney and Kallmann's syndrome: a new association? (11390716)Deeb A.... Cheetham T.D.2001PAX2
30A case of Kallmann syndrome: diagnostic usefulness of cranial magnetic resonance imaging (10965462)Shiraishi K.... Naito K.2000CGA
31A novel nonsense mutation of the KAL gene in two brothers with Kallmann syndrome. (11044805)Jansen C.... Jansen M.2000KAL1
32Characterization of the two zebrafish orthologues of the KAL-1 gene underlying X chromosome-linked Kallmann syndrome. (10585565)Ardouin O.... Petit C.2000KAL1
33X-linked Kallmann syndrome and renal agenesis occurring together and independently in a large Australian family. (10076881)Colquhoun-Kerr J.S.... Bode H.H.1999KAL1
34A novel mutation of the KAL1 gene in Kallmann syndrome. (10670750)Izumi Y.... Amino N.1999KAL1
35Mutation analysis of the EMX2 gene in Kallmann's syndrome. (10560999)Taylor H.S.... Shering R.J.1999EMX2
36Renal abnormalities in patients with Kallmann syndrome. (10210557)Zenteno J.C.... Kofman-Alfaro S.1999KAL1
37A recurrent missense mutation in the KAL gene in patients with X- linked Kallmann's syndrome. (9589672)Maya-Nunez G.... Mendez J.P.1998KAL1
38Evidence for the Bauman variant in Kallmann's syndrome. (8706281)Kadva A.... Silman R.1996GNRH1
39The Kallmann syndrome gene product expressed in COS cells is cleaved on the cell surface to yield a diffusible component. (8842728)Rugarli E.I.... Ballabio A.1996KAL1
40Kallmann syndrome in females: gonadotropin versus GnRH to induce fertility. (8982973)Imai A.... Tamaya T.1996GNRH1
41Characterization of the promoter of the human KAL gene, responsible for the X-chromosome-linked Kallmann syndrome. (7590336)Cohen-Salmon M.... Petit C.1995KAL1
42KAL, a gene mutated in Kallmann's syndrome, is expressed in the first trimester of human development. (7545624)Duke V.M.... Woolf A.S.1995KAL1
43Pregnancy in women with Kallmann's syndrome. (7851576)Sungurtekin U.... Shearman R.P.1995CGB5
44Expression of the Kallmann syndrome gene in human fetal brain and in the manipulated chick embryo. (7849694)Lutz B.... Eichele G.1994KAL1
45Molecular basis of the X-chromosome-linked Kallmann's syndrome. (18407127)Petit C.1993KAL1
46Expression pattern of the Kallmann syndrome gene in the olfactory system suggests a role in neuronal targeting. (8513320)Rugarli E.I.... Eichele G.1993GNRH1
47A yeast artificial chromosome contig linking the steroid sulfatase and Kallmann syndrome loci on the human X chromosome short arm. (8276392)Lee W.C.... Ballabio A.1993STS
48X chromosome-linked Kallmann syndrome: stop mutations validate the candidate gene. (1518845)Hardelin J.P.... Moraine C.1992KAL1
49Kallmann syndrome due to a translocation resulting in an X/Y fusion gene. (1302031)Guioli S.... Camerino G.1992KAL1
50X-linked ichthyosis, due to steroid sulphatase deficiency, associated with Kallmann syndrome (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia): linkage relationships with Xg and cloned DNA sequences from the distal short arm of the X chromosome. (3007328)Ballabio A.... Andria G.1986XG

Expression for genes affiliated with Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
1BioGPS
See all sources
Expression patterns in normal tissues for genes affiliated with Kallmann Syndrome

Pathways for genes affiliated with Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
41Thomson Reuters, 10EMD Millipore, 20KEGG, 38Reactome
See all sources

Compounds for genes affiliated with Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
32Novoseek , 9DrugBank, 42Tocris Bioscience, 34PharmGKB, 18HMDB
See all sources

Compounds related to kallmann syndrome according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 66)
idCompoundScoreTop Affiliating Genes
1degarelix32 9 9 12.5GNRH1, GNRHR
2antarelix32 10.5CGA, GNRH1, GNRHR
3ganirelix32 10.5GNRHR, GNRH1, CGA
4d-trp6-lhrh32 10.5CGA, GNRH1, GNRHR
511-ketotestosterone32 10.5CGA, CGB5
6nafarelin32 42 9 9 13.5CGA, GNRH1, GNRHR
7ptx132 10.5NR5A1, GNRHR, GNRH1
8altrenogest32 10.5GNRH1, CGA
9metrodin32 10.4CGA, GNRH1
10goserelin32 9 9 12.4GNRHR, GNRH1, CGA
11estradiol benzoate32 10.4GNRH1, CGB5, CGA
12pergonal32 10.4CGA, GNRH1
13lep (116-130) (mouse)42 10.4LEP, LEPR
14deslorelin32 10.4CGA, GNRH1
15leuprolide32 42 9 9 13.4GNRHR, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA
16leuprolide acetate32 10.4GNRHR, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA
17buserelin32 9 9 12.4GNRHR, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA
1822r-hydroxycholesterol32 10.4NR5A1, CGB5, CGA
19(+-)-pgf2-alpha32 10.3NR5A1, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA
20diethylstilbestrol32 9 9 12.3NR5A1, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA
21naloxone32 34 9 9 13.2GNRH1, CGB5, CGA, LEP
2217beta-hydroxysteroid32 10.2CGA, CGB5, NR5A1, STS
233beta-hydroxysteroid32 10.2STS, NR5A1, ESRRB, CGB5, CGA
24letrozole32 42 9 9 13.2STS, CGA, LEP
25androstenedione32 18 11.1GNRH1, CGB5, CGA, LEPR, LEP
26dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate32 10.1STS, NR5A1, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA, LEP
27clomiphene citrate32 10.1CGA, CGB5, GNRH1
28dihydrotestosterone32 9 18 9 13.1STS, GNRHR, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA, LEP
29sb 22220042 10.0TAC3, TACR3
30sb 21879542 10.0TAC3, TACR3
31estrone32 9 18 9 12.9LEP, CGB5, ARSE, GNRH1, NR5A1, STS
32dhea32 9.8STS, NR5A1, CGB5, LEP
33progestin32 9.8STS, PLAU, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA
34cetrorelix32 9 9 11.7PLAU, GNRHR, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA, LEP
35acth32 9.6PROP1, HESX1, NR5A1, NR0B1, ESRRB, GNRH1
36forskolin32 42 9 9 12.6TACR3, NR5A1, GNRHR, FGFR1, FGF8, CGB5
37tamoxifen32 34 9 9 12.4STS, PLAU, ESRRB, GNRHR, GNRH1, CGB5
38ribonucleic acid32 9.4PLAU, NR5A1, GNRHR, GNRH1, FGFR1, CGB5
39phenylephrine32 9 18 9 12.2PLAU, CGB5, CGA, LEP
40dopamine32 9 18 9 12.2TACR3, TAC3, ESRRB, GNRHR, GNRH1, FGFR1
41testosterone32 9 18 9 12.0GNRHR, NR0B1, NR5A1, STS, PROP1, NELF
42adenylate32 9.0TACR3, PLAU, NR5A1, GNRHR, GNRH1, FGFR1
43arginine32 8.9TGM1, PLAU, GNRHR, GNRH1, CGB5, CGA
44estradiol32 9 18 9 11.9STS, TAC3, PLAU, NR5A1, ESRRB, GNRHR
45gnrh32 8.3KISS1R, NELF, PROP1, TAC3, HESX1, PLAU
46progesterone32 42 9 18 9 12.3ESRRB, NR0B1, NR5A1, PLAU, TGM1, STS
47steroid32 7.9ESRRB, NR0B1, NR5A1, PLAU, TGM1, STS
48estrogen32 7.9ESRRB, NR0B1, NR5A1, PLAU, TAC3, STS
49tyrosine32 7.7KISS1R, PAX2, LHX3, LEPR, CGB5, FGF8
50calcium32 9 18 9 10.7PROKR2, STS, KISS1, KISS1R, PCSK1, LEPR

GO Terms for genes affiliated with Kallmann Syndrome

Sources:
12Gene Ontology
See all sources

Biological processes related to kallmann syndrome according to GeneDecks:

(show all 7)
idNameGO IDScoreTop Affiliating Genes
1gonad developmentGO:00840610.3CGA, FGF8, NR0B1
2pituitary gland developmentGO:02198310.2NR0B1, LHX3, PCSK1
3regulation of steroid biosynthetic processGO:05081010.2LEP, NR5A1
4intracellular receptor mediated signaling pathwayGO:03052210.0ESRRB, NR0B1, NR5A1
5nose developmentGO:04358410.0CHD7, HESX1
6female pregnancyGO:0075659.8STS, TAC3, GNRH1, LEP
7response to morphineGO:0432789.7TACR3, TAC3, PCSK1

Molecular functions related to kallmann syndrome according to GeneDecks:

idNameGO IDScoreTop Affiliating Genes
1chromatin bindingGO:0036829.8VCX, CHD7, NR5A1, HESX1, PROP1
2ligand-activated sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activityGO:0048799.8ESRRB, NR0B1, NR5A1

Sources for Kallmann Syndrome

2CDC
11FMA
18HMDB
19ICD9CM
20KEGG
24MeSH
25MGI
27NCIt
28NDF-RT
31NINDS
32Novoseek
33OMIM
35PubMed
36QIAGEN
43UMLS