Multinodular Goiter malady

MalaCards: Multinodular Goiter is related to papillary thyroid carcinoma and thyroid cancer. An important gene associated with Multinodular Goiter is MNG2 (multinodular goiter 2), and among its related pathways are Development_Leptin signaling via JAK/STAT and MAPK cascades and Graft-versus-host disease. The compounds sodium iodide and iodine have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include thyroid, t cells and endothelial, and related mouse phenotypes are respiratory system and craniofacial.

Aliases & Descriptions:

multinodular goiter 6 8 32 43

Disease types for multinodular goiter family:

goiter, multinodular, 1	goiter, multinodular, 2
goiter, multinodular, 3

Diseases related to multinodular goiter by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 552)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	papillary thyroid carcinoma	30.7	CALCA, HRAS, ESR2, TPO, KRT19, TSHR
2	thyroid cancer	29.9	HSPG2, CALCA, TPO, KRT19, TSHR, TG
3	thyroid adenoma	29.5	GNAS, HRAS, TRH, TPO, SHBG, TSHR
4	renal cell carcinoma	28.4	VHL, VEGFA, IFNG, GNAS, HRAS, KRT19
5	thyroid carcinoma	27.1	VHL, VEGFA, GSR, IL1A, IFNG, HSPG2
6	graves' disease	26.7	GSR, IL1A, IL1B, IFNG, GNAS, CAT
7	goiter	25.4	NAALADL1, VHL, VEGFA, LEP, MNG1, MNG2
8	thyroiditis	24.2	NAALADL1, VHL, VEGFA, LEP, MNG1, GSR
9	carcinoma	22.5	NAALADL1, VHL, VEGFA, LEP, GSR, IL1A
10	adenoma	20.3	VHL, VEGFA, LEP, GSR, IL1A, IL1B
11	total iodide organification defect	13.7	TPO, TG
12	iodine hypothyroidism	13.7	TPO, TG
13	hashimoto's encephalitis	13.7	TPO, TG
14	trabecular adenoma	13.7	CALCA, TG
15	subacute thyroiditis	13.7	TPO, TSHR, TG
16	toxic diffuse goiter	13.7	TPO, TSHR, TG
17	megaloblastic anemia	13.7	TPO, TG
18	atrophy of thyroid	13.7	TRH, TPO
19	myxedema	13.7	TPO, TSHR, TG
20	thyroid gland disease	13.6	TPO, CP
21	struma ovarii	13.6	TSHR, TG, NKX2-1
22	thyroid agenesis	13.6	TSHR, TG, NKX2-1
23	pendred syndrome	13.6	TPO, TG, SLC26A4
24	hyperthyroxinemia	13.6	TRH, TPO, TSHR
25	endogenous depression	13.6	TRH, TPO, TG
26	neonatal hypothyroidism	13.6	TPO, TSHR, TG, ADCY10
27	thyroid cancer, follicular	13.5	CALCA, TSHR, TG, ADCY10
28	mucinoses	13.5	TRH, TPO, TSHR, TG
29	plummer's disease	13.5	TPO, SHBG, TG
30	endemic goiter	13.5	TRH, TPO, TSHR, TG
31	nontoxic goiter	13.5	TRH, TPO, TSHR, TG
32	orthostatic hypotension	13.5	GNAS, CALCA, G6PD
33	hypoadrenalism	13.5	CALCA, SHBG, TG
34	follicular adenoma	13.4	TPO, KRT19, TG, CP
35	pseudohypoparathyroidism	13.4	GNAS, CALCA, TRH, ADCY10
36	carney complex	13.4	VHL, GNAS, LYPD1
37	large cell carcinoma	13.4	CALCA, KRT19, NKX2-1
38	thyroid hormone resistance syndrome	13.4	TRH, SHBG, TG
39	diabetic ketoacidosis	13.4	CALCA, TPO, G6PD, TG
40	neuroendocrine tumor	13.4	GNAS, CALCA, KRT19, NKX2-1
41	hypocalcemia	13.4	GNAS, CALCA, ADCY10
42	turner syndrome	13.4	TPO, SHBG, TG
43	familial medullary thyroid carcinoma	13.4	VHL, CALCA, TG, NKX2-1
44	fibrous dysplasia	13.4	GNAS, CALCA, ADCY10
45	li-fraumeni syndrome	13.3	ESR2, TPO, KRT19
46	carcinoid syndrome	13.3	GNAS, CALCA, TG, NKX2-1
47	hirschsprung's disease	13.3	GNAS, CALCA, NKX2-1, ADCY10
48	mucoepidermoid carcinoma	13.3	CALCA, DICER1, TG, NKX2-1
49	pancreatic endocrine tumors	13.3	VHL, CALCA, KRT19, NKX2-1
50	thyroid cancer, anaplastic	13.3	CALCA, TPO, TSHR, TG, SLC26A4, NKX2-1

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

MalaCards organs/tissues related to multinodular goiter:

²²

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to multinodular goiter:

²⁵ (show all 25)

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	respiratory system phenotype	MP:0005388	10.4	DICER1, CALCA
2	craniofacial phenotype	MP:0005382	10.2	DICER1, HSPG2, GNAS
3	hematopoietic system phenotype	MP:0005397	9.9	VHL, HLA-C, DICER1, TG
4	endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype	MP:0005379	9.5	NKX2-1, SLC26A4, TRH, GNAS, IFNG
5	renal/urinary system phenotype	MP:0005367	9.2	SLC26A4, TGFB2, ESR2, HRAS, GNAS, VHL
6	immune system phenotype	MP:0005387	9.2	TSHR, DICER1, HLA-C, HSPG2, GNAS, IFNG
7	embryogenesis phenotype	MP:0005380	9.1	TGFB3, TGFB2, G6PD, KRT19, DICER1, VHL
8	hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype	MP:0005377	8.9	SLC26A4, SOD1, TGFB2, TSHR, ESR2, CALCA
9	integument phenotype	MP:0010771	8.7	KRT19, DICER1, HRAS, CALCA, GNAS, IFNG
10	liver/biliary system phenotype	MP:0005370	8.3	SOD1, ESR2, HSPG2, IFNG, VEGFA, VHL
11	no phenotypic analysis	MP:0003012	8.2	LYPD1, NKX2-1, KRT19, DICER1, HLA-C, ESR2
12	limbs/digits/tail phenotype	MP:0005371	8.2	TGFB3, TGFB2, DICER1, ESR2, HSPG2, GNAS
13	skeleton phenotype	MP:0005390	7.9	SLC26A4, TGFB3, TGFB2, KRT19, ESR2, HRAS
14	growth/size phenotype	MP:0005378	7.7	DICER1, KRT19, TSHR, TG, TGFB2, NKX2-1
15	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	7.4	TG, TGFB2, TGFB3, SLC26A4, CP, NKX2-1
16	digestive/alimentary phenotype	MP:0005381	7.3	NKX2-1, TGFB3, TGFB2, KRT19, ESR2, HSPG2
17	muscle phenotype	MP:0005369	7.3	TGFB2, ESR2, HSPG2, GNAS, IFNG, LEP
18	reproductive system phenotype	MP:0005389	7.2	KRT19, TSHR, SLC26A4, NKX2-1, ADCY10, DICER1
19	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	7.2	LYPD1, NKX2-1, CP, SLC26A4, TGFB3, TSHR
20	vision/eye phenotype	MP:0005391	7.0	CP, SOD1, TGFB3, TGFB2, HSPG2, IFNG
21	tumorigenesis	MP:0002006	6.6	NKX2-1, KRT19, DICER1, ESR2, HRAS, CAT
22	cellular phenotype	MP:0005384	5.5	KRT19, G6PD, TSHR, TGFB2, TGFB3, SOD1
23	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	5.3	TPO, DICER1, KRT19, G6PD, TSHR, TGFB2
24	cardiovascular system phenotype	MP:0005385	4.3	DICER1, KRT19, G6PD, TGFB2, TGFB3, SOD1
25	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	3.6	VHL, DICER1, G6PD, TSHR, TG, TGFB2

Articles related to multinodular goiter:

(show all 41)

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	DICER1 mutations in familial multinodular goiter with and without ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. (21205968)	Rio Frio T.... Tischkowitz M.	2011	DICER1
2	Mutations of GNAS and TSHR genes in subclinical toxic multinodular goiter. (20336923)	Liu C.... Zhou M.	2010	GNAS, TSHR
3	Increased lipid peroxidation and impaired enzymatic a ntioxidant defense mechanism in thyroid tissue with multinodular goiter and pap illary carcinoma. (20171198)	Erdamar H.... Demirci H.	2010	SOD1
4	United detection GNAS and TSHR mutations in subclinic al toxic multinodular goiter. (19826830)	Liu C.... Zhou M.	2010	GNAS, TSHR
5	A germline mutation (A339V) in thyroid transcription factor-1 (TITF-1/NKX2.1) in patients with multinodular goiter and papillary thyroid carcinoma. (19176457)	Ngan E.S.... Garcia-BarcelA^ M.M.	2009	NKX2-1
6	Graves' disease occurring after surgery of a multinodular goiter: a case report. (18563680)	Heinzel A.... Hautzel H.	2009	TPO
7	H-RAS gene expression in human multinodular goiter. (17290351)	Golbert L.... Maia A.L.	2007	HRAS
8	Peripheral blood levels of thyroglobulin mRNA and serum thyroglobulin concentrations after radioiodine ablation of multinodular goiter with or without pre-treatment with recombinant human thyrotropin. (17848834)	Rubio I.G.... Medeiros-Neto G.	2007	TG
9	The comparison of serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels between patients with metastatic and non-metastatic thyroid cancer, and patients with nontoxic multinodular goiter. (17893268)	Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J.... Kardymowicz H.	2007	VEGFA
10	Estrogen receptor (ER)-beta, but not ER-alpha, is present in thyroid vessels: immunohistochemical evaluations in multinodular goiter and papillary thyroid carcinoma. (17199431)	Ceresini G.... Corcione L.	2006	ESR2
11	Sporadic C-cell hyperplasia associated with multinodular goiter (16929791)	Volante M.	2006	CALCA
12	A multinodular goiter as the initial presentation of a renal cell carcinoma harbouring a novel VHL mutation. (17067398)	Bugalho M.J.... Sobrinho L.G.	2006	VHL, NKX2-1
13	Associations of HLA-C alleles with multinodular goiters: study in a population from southeastern Spain. (16490887)	Rios A.... Parrilla P.	2006	HLA-C
14	Human recombinant TSH preceding a therapeutic dose of radioiodine for multinodular goiters has no significant effect in the surge of TSH-receptor and TPO antibodies. (15753672)	Rubio I.G.... Medeiros-Neto G.	2005	TPO
15	Application of mouse monoclonal antibodies for identification of antigen regions of human thyroid peroxidase in adolescents with Graves' disease and non-toxic multinodular goiter by flow cytometry. (16390813)	Bossowski A.... Dadan J.	2005	TPO
16	Cytofluorymetric evaluation of antigen regions of human thyroid peroxidase in patients with Graves' disease and non-toxic multinodular goiter using mouse monoclonal antibodies (15850534)	Bossowski A.... Dadan J.	2005	TPO
17	Mutations in the thyrotropin receptor signal transduction pathway in the hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules from multinodular goiters: a study in the Turkish population. (16284436)	Gozu H.... Akalin S.	2005	TSHR
18	Oxidation products and antioxidant markers in plasma of patients with Graves' disease and toxic multinodular goiter: effect of methimazole treatment. (15346657)	Bednarek J.... Sowinski J.	2004	CP
19	High serum circulating telopeptide type I in multinodular goiter. (12920662)	Loviselli A.... Mariotti S.	2003	SHBG
20	Lack of reported mutations in a Japanese case of toxic multinodular goiter. (12232474)	Hanamitsu M.... Kitano H.	2002	TSHR
21	A somatic mutation in the thyrotropin receptor gene in a patient with an autonomous nodule within a multinodular goiter. (17018437)	Sykiotis G.P.... Georgopoulos N.A.	2002	TSHR
22	Diagnostic utility of cytokeratin 19 expression in multinodular goiter with papillary areas and papillary carcinoma of thyroid. (12446919)	Erkilic S.... Kocer N.E.	2002	KRT19
23	Thyroid status and leptin in Basedow-Graves and multinodular goiter patients. (11549117)	Seven R.	2001	LEP
24	Non-hyperfunctioning nodules from multinodular goiters: a minor role in pathogenesis for somatic activating mutations in the TSH-receptor and Gsalpha subunit genes. (11407651)	Derrien C.... Maugendre D.	2001	GNAS, TSHR
25	A new locus for a dominant form of multinodular goiter on 3q26.1-q26.3. (11396950)	Takahashi T.... Koizumi A.	2001	TPO, MNG3
26	Sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) and pendrin are expressed differently in hot and cold nodules of thyroid toxic multinodular goiter. (11720877)	Russo D.... Filetti S.	2001	SLC26A4
27	Erythrocyte, plasma, and serum antioxidant activities in untreated toxic multinodular goiter patients. (11295364)	AlicigA1zel Y.... Smith M.A.	2001	CP
28	Mapping a dominant form of multinodular goiter to chromosome Xp22. (10986044)	Capon F.... Novelli G.	2000	MNG2
29	Effects of propylthiouracil treatment on antioxidant activities in blood of toxic multinodular goiter patients. (10895078)	Ozdem S.... KarayalAsin U.	2000	SOD1, GSR, CAT
30	Activating thyrotropin receptor mutations are present in nonadenomatous hyperfunctioning nodules of toxic or autonomous multinodular goiter. (10852462)	Tonacchera M.... Vitti P.	2000	TSHR
31	Expression of transforming growth factor beta1, beta2, and beta3 in multinodular goiters and differentiated thyroid carcinomas: a comparative study. (10090310)	Kimura E.T.... Studer H.	1999	TGFB3, TGFB2
32	Screening of thyrotropin receptor mutations by fine-needle aspiration biopsy in autonomous functioning thyroid nodules in multinodular goiters. (10319940)	Tassi V.... De Filippis V.	1999	TSHR
33	Linkage of familial euthyroid goiter to the multinodular goiter-1 locus and exclusion of the candidate genes thyroglobulin, thyroperoxidase, and Na+/I- symporter. (10523025)	Neumann S.... Paschke R.	1999	TPO, TG
34	Germline polymorphism of codon 727 of human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor is associated with toxic multinodular goiter. (10487707)	Gabriel E.M.... Morris J.C.	1999	TSHR
35	Activating thyrotropin receptor mutations in histologically heterogeneous hyperfunctioning nodules of multinodular goiter. (9709907)	Tonacchera M.... Chiovato L.	1998	TSHR
36	Identification of constitutively activating somatic thyrotropin receptor mutations in a subset of toxic multinodular goiters. (9398745)	Holzapfel H.P.... Paschke R.	1997	TSHR
37	Levothyroxine suppressive therapy is partially effective in treating patients with benign, solid thyroid nodules and multinodular goiters. (9349571)	Lima N.... Medeiros-Neto G.	1997	TG
38	Activated and interferon-gamma producing thyroid-derived T cells are detected in Graves' disease, thyroid autonomy as well as in non-toxic multinodular goiter. (8765975)	Aust G.... Scherbaum W.A.	1996	IFNG
39	Analysis of cytokine gene expression in Graves' disease and multinodular goiter. (8045947)	Watson P.F.... Weetman A.P.	1994	IL1B, IL1A
40	Dissociation of thyrotropin-dependent enzyme activities, reduced iodide transport, and preserved iodide organification in nonfunctioning thyroid adenoma and multinodular goiter. (8027249)	Masini-Repiso A.M.... Coleoni A.H.	1994	TPO
41	An autosomal dominant form of adolescent multinodular goiter. (3799599)	Couch R.M.... Winter J.S.	1986	MNG1

Genes related to multinodular goiter according to GeneCards:

(show all 34)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	MNG2	multinodular goiter 2	11.1	Publications, Aliases & Descriptions
2	MNG3	Multinodular goiter-3	11.1	Aliases & Descriptions, Publications
3	TSHR	thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	11.0	Publications
4	TPO	thyroid peroxidase	11.0	Publications
5	GNAS	GNAS complex locus	11.0	Publications
6	TG	thyroglobulin	11.0	Publications
7	SLC26A4	solute carrier family 26, member 4	11.0	Publications
8	KRT19	keratin 19	11.0	Publications
9	HSPG2	heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2	11.0
10	ADCY10	adenylate cyclase 10 (soluble)	11.0
11	CALCA	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	11.0	Publications
12	MNG1	multinodular goitre 1	11.0	Publications
13	NAALADL1	N-acetylated alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase-like 1	11.0
14	LYPD1	LY6/PLAUR domain containing 1	11.0
15	NKX2-1	NK2 homeobox 1	11.0	Publications
16	TGFB3	transforming growth factor, beta 3	11.0	Publications
17	DICER1	dicer 1, ribonuclease type III	11.0	Publications
18	VHL	von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	11.0	Publications
19	TRH	thyrotropin-releasing hormone	11.0
20	TGFB2	transforming growth factor, beta 2	11.0	Publications
21	CP	ceruloplasmin (ferroxidase)	11.0	Publications
22	G6PD	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	11.0	Publications
23	GSR	glutathione reductase	11.0	Publications
24	SHBG	sex hormone-binding globulin	11.0	Publications
25	HLA-C	major histocompatibility complex, class I, C	11.0	Publications
26	HRAS	v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	11.0	Publications
27	IL1A	interleukin 1, alpha	11.0	Publications
28	ESR2	estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	11.0	Publications
29	CAT	catalase	11.0	Publications
30	SOD1	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	11.0	Publications
31	LEP	leptin	11.0	Publications
32	IFNG	interferon, gamma	11.0	Publications
33	IL1B	interleukin 1, beta	11.0	Publications
34	VEGFA	vascular endothelial growth factor A	11.0	Publications

Pathways related to multinodular goiter according to GeneDecks:

(show all 27)

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Development_Leptin signaling via JAK/STAT and MAPK cascades41	10.6	TRH
2	Graft-versus-host disease20	10.1	IL1A, HLA-C
3	Renal cell carcinoma20	10.1	VHL, HRAS, TGFB3
4	Development Leptin signaling via JAK/STAT and MAPK cascades10	10.1	LEP, TRH
5	Autoimmune thyroid disease20	10.0	TG, TSHR, TPO, HLA-C
6	Pathway_PA16598033734	9.7	SOD1, CAT, GSR
7	Oxidative Stress Pathway (Erythrocyte)34	9.7	SOD1, CAT, GSR
8	Oxidative Stress Pathway (Erythrocyte)34	9.7	SOD1, CAT, GSR
9	Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+38	9.7	TGFB2, TGFB3, SOD1
10	IL-9 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types37	9.5	IL1B, TGFB2, TGFB3
11	IL-21 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types37	8.9	TGFB3, TGFB2, IFNG, IL1B
12	Malaria20	8.8	IL1B, IFNG, TGFB2, TGFB3
13	Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis41	8.8	CALCA, IFNG, IL1B, IL1A
14	Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)20	8.8	TGFB3, TGFB2, GNAS, IFNG, IL1B
15	Amoebiasis20	8.8	TGFB3, TGFB2, GNAS, IFNG, IL1B
16	Transcription Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis10	8.7	IL1A, IL1B, IFNG, CALCA
17	Type I diabetes mellitus20	8.7	IL1A, IL1B, IFNG, HLA-C
18	Leishmaniasis20	8.6	TGFB3, TGFB2, IFNG, IL1B, IL1A
19	HMGB1 Pathway36	8.6	HRAS, IFNG, IL1B, IL1A
20	Cytokine Network36	8.6	IL1A, IL1B, IFNG
21	TGF-Beta Pathway36	8.6	IL1A, IL1B, HRAS, TGFB2, TGFB3
22	Prion diseases20	8.6	SOD1, IL1B, IL1A
23	Tuberculosis20	8.4	TGFB3, TGFB2, IFNG, IL1B, IL1A
24	Rheumatoid arthritis20	8.1	TGFB3, TGFB2, IFNG, IL1B, IL1A, VEGFA
25	JAK-STAT Pathway36	8.1	TGFB3, TGFB2, HRAS, IFNG, IL1B, IL1A
26	ERK Signaling36	8.0	TGFB3, TGFB2, ESR2, HRAS, HSPG2, IL1B
27	Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction20	7.5	VEGFA, TGFB3, TGFB2, TPO, IFNG, IL1B

Compounds related to multinodular goiter according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 203)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	sodium iodide32	10.1	TPO, TSHR, TG, SLC26A4, NKX2-1
2	iodine32 18	11.0	GNAS, SLC26A4, TG, TSHR, TPO, TRH
3	iodide32 18	10.8	SLC26A4, TG, NKX2-1, TPO, TSHR
4	methimazole32 9 9	11.8	G6PD, CP, GSR, TRH, TSHR
5	ascorbic acid32 18	10.7	IL1A, HSPG2, TPO, G6PD, TG, TGFB2
6	pge232	9.6	HSPG2, TGFB2, ADCY10, GSR, IL1A, GNAS
7	h2o232	9.4	TG, LEP, HSPG2, ESR2, TPO, SLC26A4
8	aspartate32	9.4	GSR, SHBG, KRT19, TG, TPO, HRAS
9	octreotide32 42 9 9	12.4	TG, CALCA, GNAS, VEGFA, TRH, ADCY10
10	triiodothyronine32	9.3	SLC26A4, TG, SHBG, TPO, TRH, LEP
11	thiobarbituric acid32	9.2	CAT, GSR, G6PD, SOD1, CP
12	3-amino-1,2,4-triazole32	9.2	GSR, CAT, TG, SOD1
13	gnrh32	9.2	LEP, HSPG2, TRH, SHBG, TGFB3, GNAS
14	dehydroascorbic acid32	9.1	G6PD, GSR, CAT, CP, SOD1
15	d penicillamine32	9.1	CP, CAT, GSR, HSPG2, IFNG
16	selenium32 18	10.1	CP, GSR, TPO, CAT, TG, SOD1
17	tocopherol32	9.0	CP, SOD1, G6PD, CAT, GSR
18	estradiol32 9 18 9	12.0	SHBG, TGFB3, TRH, ESR2, KRT19, TGFB2
19	progesterone32 42 9 18 9	12.9	NKX2-1, TGFB2, TGFB3, TSHR, KRT19, HRAS
20	guaiacol32 18	9.9	GSR, CAT, TPO, SOD1
21	epinephrine32 9 18 9	11.9	ADCY10, TG, IL1A, GSR, SHBG, LEP
22	cyclic amp32 18	9.8	TSHR, TGFB3, NKX2-1, ADCY10, TRH, HRAS
23	creatinine32	8.8	TG, G6PD, SHBG, KRT19, TPO, IL1A
24	glutamate32	8.8	ADCY10, CP, TGFB2, ESR2, CALCA, GNAS
25	cysteine32	8.7	CP, TGFB2, HRAS, ESR2, TPO, IFNG
26	ebselen32	8.7	IL1A, GSR, CAT, SOD1, IFNG
27	vitamin a32 9 18 9	11.5	SOD1, TGFB2, TG, CAT, GSR, LEP
28	thyroxine32 18	9.5	CP, G6PD, LEP, GSR, CALCA, TRH
29	uric acid32 18	9.4	GSR, TPO, CAT, G6PD, CP, SOD1
30	pdtc32	8.3	CP, CAT, IFNG, IL1A, SOD1
31	acth32	8.3	IL1B, SHBG, TRH, TPO, GNAS, TSHR
32	bucillamine32	8.2	IFNG, CAT, IL1B, VEGFA
33	forskolin32 42 9 9	11.2	TRH, HSPG2, GNAS, IL1B, IL1A, TPO
34	ribonucleic acid32	8.1	IL1B, NKX2-1, TGFB3, IL1A, TG, TSHR
35	egcg32	8.1	G6PD, HSPG2, CAT, ESR2, TGFB2, VEGFA
36	paraffin32	8.0	TSHR, VEGFA, ESR2, TG, HRAS, KRT19
37	adenylate32	8.0	TG, TPO, GNAS, ESR2, ADCY10, GSR
38	hydrocortisone32 9 9	10.0	IL1B, IL1A, IFNG, SHBG, TRH, TPO
39	nitric oxide32 9 18 9	10.7	VHL, TPO, TGFB2, IL1A, GNAS, IL1B
40	arginine32	7.7	TSHR, CP, SOD1, SHBG, GNAS, TPO
41	testosterone32 9 18 9	10.6	TGFB3, KRT19, TRH, SHBG, G6PD, CP
42	thymidine32 18	8.5	TSHR, KRT19, TRH, IL1A, TG, IL1B
43	prostacyclin32	7.4	ADCY10, SOD1, VEGFA, LEP, IL1A, IL1B
44	indomethacin32 9 9	9.1	LEP, ADCY10, SOD1, TGFB2, HSPG2, IFNG
45	estrogen32	7.0	KRT19, TRH, ESR2, HRAS, CALCA, GSR
46	retinoic acid32 42 18	8.9	HRAS, IL1A, IL1B, IFNG, HSPG2, ESR2
47	genistein32 9 18 9	9.6	IFNG, IL1B, IL1A, ADCY10, HSPG2, HRAS
48	cycloheximide32	6.1	ADCY10, TGFB2, TG, KRT19, TRH, ESR2
49	dexamethasone32 42 34 9 9	10.0	ESR2, ADCY10, LEP, IL1A, IFNG, HSPG2
50	vegf32	5.8	IFNG, TGFB3, VHL, VEGFA, HSPG2, CALCA

Cellular components related to multinodular goiter according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	neuronal cell body	GO:043025	9.3	SOD1, TGFB3, TGFB2, CALCA, ADCY10
2	extracellular space	GO:005615	5.9	CP, SOD1, TGFB3, TGFB2, CALCA, HSPG2
3	extracellular region	GO:005576	4.7	VEGFA, CP, SOD1, TGFB3, TGFB2, TG

Biological processes related to multinodular goiter according to GeneDecks:

(show all 22)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	thyroid gland development	GO:030878	10.2	TG, TGFB2, NKX2-1
2	embryonic neurocranium morphogenesis	GO:048702	10.1	TGFB3, TGFB2
3	menstrual cycle phase	GO:022601	10.0	TGFB3, TGFB2
4	activation of protein kinase activity	GO:032147	9.9	VEGFA, CALCA, TGFB2
5	negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production	GO:010936	9.8	TGFB3, TGFB2
6	female pregnancy	GO:007565	9.7	TGFB3, TGFB2, GNAS, LEP
7	glutathione metabolic process	GO:006749	9.6	G6PD, GSR, SOD1
8	fever generation	GO:001660	9.5	IL1B, IL1A
9	platelet degranulation	GO:002576	9.4	SOD1, TGFB3, TGFB2, VEGFA
10	response to ozone	GO:010193	9.3	IL1B, IL1A
11	aging	GO:007568	9.3	TGFB3, TGFB2, CALCA, IL1B
12	embryo implantation	GO:007566	9.3	IL1B, CALCA, SOD1
13	positive regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity	GO:060559	9.2	IFNG, IL1B
14	response to organic nitrogen	GO:010243	9.2	TGFB2, IL1B, IL1A
15	neutrophil chemotaxis	GO:030593	9.0	IL1B, IFNG, TGFB2
16	cell-cell signaling	GO:007267	8.9	TGFB2, TSHR, TRH, ESR2, CALCA, IL1B
17	positive regulation of apoptotic process	GO:043065	8.7	ADCY10, SOD1, TGFB2, ESR2, IL1B
18	regulation of insulin secretion	GO:050796	8.7	GNAS, IFNG, IL1B, LEP
19	negative regulation of cell proliferation	GO:008285	8.6	TGFB3, TGFB2, HRAS, IL1B, IL1A, VHL
20	positive regulation of cell division	GO:051781	8.3	VEGFA, TGFB3, TGFB2, CAT, IL1B, IL1A
21	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	GO:045944	7.6	NKX2-1, TGFB3, DICER1, HRAS, IFNG, IL1B
22	response to hypoxia	GO:001666	7.6	TGFB3, TGFB2, TRH, CAT, IL1B, IL1A

Molecular functions related to multinodular goiter according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	NADP binding	GO:050661	9.5	GSR, CAT, G6PD
2	growth factor activity	GO:008083	8.1	TGFB3, TGFB2, IL1B, LEP, VEGFA
3	cytokine activity	GO:005125	7.9	VEGFA, IL1A, IL1B, IFNG, TGFB2
4	protein homodimerization activity	GO:042803	7.8	SOD1, TGFB2, G6PD, SHBG, CAT, GSR