Nicotine Dependence malady

MalaCards: Nicotine Dependence is related to nicotine dependence, protection against and schizophrenia. An important gene associated with Nicotine Dependence is GABBR2 (gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, 2), and among its related pathways are Presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The compounds nicotine and choline have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain and lung, and related mouse phenotypes are taste/olfaction and adipose tissue.

OMIM: 188890

Aliases & Descriptions:

nicotine dependence 6 33 43

Diseases related to nicotine dependence by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 198)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	nicotine dependence, protection against	31.4	SLC6A3, GABBR2
2	schizophrenia	28.0	BMP6, ANKK1, MAOA, DRD2, DRD3, DLG4
3	alcoholism	26.5	CNR1, MAOA, MAOB, CARTPT, TPH1, TPH2
4	cocaine dependence	25.4	CNR1, CHRNA3, GRM2, ANKK1, MAOB, CARTPT
5	twinning	24.1	NCAM1, BDNF, CHRNA3, MAOA, DRD1, DRD2
6	neuronitis	14.5	NCAM1, CNR1, BTG2, BMP6, RAPGEF3, PAM
7	autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy	13.7	CHRNB2, CHRNA4, CHRNA2
8	lung cancer susceptibility 2	13.7	CHRNA3, CHRNA5
9	striatonigral degeneration	13.6	DRD1, DRD2, SLC6A3
10	attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	13.6	DRD4, SLC6A3
11	separation anxiety disorder	13.5	DRD4, SLC6A3
12	myoclonus-dystonia	13.5	DRD2, DRD3, DRD4
13	dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency	13.5	DDC, DBH
14	cannabis dependence	13.3	CNR1, COMT, GABRA2, CHRNA5
15	absence epilepsy	13.3	CHRNA4, SLC1A3, GABBR1, CHRNB3
16	idiopathic generalized epilepsy	13.3	CHRNA7, CHRNB2, CHRNA4, MAOA, GABBR1
17	generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus	13.2	CHRNA7, CHRNB2, CHRNA4, MAOA, GABBR1
18	chronic pain	13.2	BTG2, CHAT, GRM2, COMT, TTF2, DBH
19	riley-day syndrome	13.2	BDNF, NTRK2, DBH
20	novelty seeking personality	13.2	MAOA, DRD2, DRD4, COMT
21	neuroleptic malignant syndrome	13.1	ANKK1, DRD2, CYP2D6
22	neuroepithelioma	13.1	NCAM1, CHAT, DRD1, DDC
23	hereditary sensory neuropathy	13.1	BDNF, NTRK2, GABBR1, GABBR2
24	myoclonus	13.1	DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, CYP2D6, GABBR1
25	orthostatic hypotension	13.1	MAOA, MAOB, DDC, DBH
26	essential tremor	13.1	TPH1, DRD3, CYP2D6, COMT, SLC6A3, GABARAP
27	drug addiction	13.1	BDNF, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, SLC6A3, SLC18A2
28	migraine with aura	13.0	DRD2, DBH, SLC6A3, SLC6A4
29	seasonal affective disorder	13.0	TPH1, DRD4, SLC6A4, GABBR1
30	post-traumatic stress disorder	13.0	CNR1, BDNF, MAOA, DRD2, DBH
31	endogenous depression	13.0	BDNF, DRD3, SLC6A4
32	variegate porphyria	13.0	BMP6, TPH1, CYP2A6, CYP2E1, CYP2D6
33	memory impairment	12.9	CNR1, BDNF, CHAT, MAOB, DRD1, SLC6A3
34	cognitive disease	12.9	CHRNA7, CHRM1, MAOA, MAOB, COMT
35	gilles de la tourette syndrome	12.9	DRD2, DRD4, DRD5, COMT, TTF2, DBH
36	delusional disorder	12.9	DRD3, DRD4, TH
37	alcohol withdrawal delirium	12.9	TH, DBH, SLC6A3, GABRA2
38	anxiety-related personality traits	12.9	BDNF, COMT, SLC6A4
39	autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1	12.8	TPH1, DDC, TH
40	generalized anxiety disorder	12.8	MAOA, TPH1, SLC6A4
41	alexithymia	12.8	COMT, TTF2, SLC6A4
42	cervical dystonia	12.8	BDNF, DRD5, TH
43	convulsions	12.8	BDNF, CHRNA4, FOS, MAOB, DBH, GABBR1
44	motor neuron disease	12.8	BDNF, CHAT, CYP2E1, CYP2D6, SLC1A3
45	lewy body dementia	12.8	CHAT, CHRNA4, TH, SLC6A3, SLC18A2
46	wilson disease	12.8	DRD2, CYP2D6, DBH, SLC6A3, SLC6A4
47	social phobia	12.8	MAOA, DRD2, SLC6A4
48	progressive supranuclear palsy	12.8	CHAT, CHRM1, DRD2, TH, SLC6A3
49	sepiapterin reductase deficiency	12.7	TPH1, DRD2, TH, SLC6A3, SLC18A2
50	supranuclear palsy	12.7	CHAT, CHRM1, DRD2, TH, SLC6A3

Clinical features from OMIM: 188890

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

MalaCards organs/tissues related to nicotine dependence:

²²

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to nicotine dependence:

²⁵ (show all 12)

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	taste/olfaction phenotype	MP:0005394	9.1	SLC18A2, SLC6A3, PTEN, DRD2, TPH2, BDNF
2	adipose tissue phenotype	MP:0005375	8.9	PTEN, DRD3, DRD2, TPH2, TPH1, CARTPT
3	integument phenotype	MP:0010771	7.0	TH, DBH, SLC6A3, SLC6A4, ADCY1, GABBR1
4	respiratory system phenotype	MP:0005388	6.9	DRD1, DRD2, PTEN, NTRK2, NRXN1, TH
5	vision/eye phenotype	MP:0005391	6.8	PTEN, NTRK2, TH, DBH, SLC1A3, SLC18A2
6	normal phenotype	MP:0002873	6.5	HINT1, TH, DNM1, SLC6A3, SLC6A4, GABARAP
7	growth/size phenotype	MP:0005378	5.3	NR4A2, NTRK2, DLG4, PTEN, DRD3, HINT1
8	cellular phenotype	MP:0005384	5.2	DRD2, PTEN, DDC, NTRK2, NR4A2, HINT1
9	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	3.8	NRXN1, NR4A2, NTRK2, CYP2E1, DDC, DLG4
10	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	2.9	CNR1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, DRD5, PTEN
11	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	2.6	CNR1, PAM, BDNF, CHRNA7, CHRNA3, CHAT
12	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	1.8	DLG4, GABRA2, GABRA4, CHRNA5, CHRNB3, GABBR2

Articles related to nicotine dependence:

(show top 50)    (show all 80)

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	Rare nonsynonymous variants in alpha-4 nicotinic acet ylcholine receptor gene protect against nicotine dependence. (21683344)	Xie P.... Gelernter J.	2011	CHRNA4
2	Acetylcholine receptor (AChR) I+5 subunit variant asso ciated with risk for nicotine dependence and lung cancer reduces (I+4I^2)a88I+5 AChR function. (20881005)	Kuryatov A.... Lindstrom J.	2011	CHRNA5
3	A twin association study of nicotine dependence with markers in the CHRNA3 and CHRNA5 genes. (21748402)	Maes H.H.... Kendler K.S.	2011	CHRNA5
4	A role for the DRD4 exon III VNTR in modifying the as sociation between nicotine dependence and neuroticism. (21127031)	Ellis J.A.... Patton G.C.	2011	DRD4
5	Genetic analysis for nicotine dependence]. (22073590)	Maeda M.... Azuma J.	2011	CYP2A6
6	Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) g ene in the comorbidity of schizophrenia with alcohol use disorders and nicotine dependence. (20362026)	Busto A.... Kennedy J.L.	2010	CARTPT
7	Risk gene variants for nicotine dependence in the CHR NA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 cluster are associated with cognitive performance. (20886544)	Winterer G.... Rujescu D.	2010	CHRNA5
8	Peer smoking and the nicotinic receptor genes: an exa mination of genetic and environmental risks for nicotine dependence. (20840187)	Johnson E.O.... Bierut L.J.	2010	CHRNA5
9	Replication and extension of association of choline a cetyltransferase with nicotine dependence in European and African American smok ers. (20383528)	Wei J.... Li M.D.	2010	CHAT
10	Association of the histidine-triad nucleotide-binding protein-1 (HINT1) gene variants with nicotine dependence. (20514075)	Jackson K.J.... Chen X.	2010	HINT1
11	The D2 dopamine receptor gene and nicotine dependence among bladder cancer patients and controls. (19842028)	Clague J.... Hudmon K.S.	2010	DRD2
12	Association and interaction analysis of variants in C HRNA5/CHRNA3/CHRNB4 gene cluster with nicotine dependence in African and Europe an Americans. (19859904)	Li M.D.... Ma J.Z.	2010	CHRNA5
13	Significant association of glutamate receptor, ionotr opic N-methyl-D-aspartate 3A (GRIN3A), with nicotine dependence in European- an d African-American smokers. (20084518)	Ma J.Z.... Li M.D.	2010	GRIN3A
14	Association of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha4 polymorphisms with nicotine dependence in 5500 Germans. (19290018)	Breitling L.P.... Winterer G.	2009	CHRNA4
15	Human neuronal acetylcholine receptor A5-A3-B4 haplot ypes are associated with multiple nicotine dependence phenotypes. (19436041)	Baker T.B.... Cannon D.S.	2009	CHRNA5
16	Differential contribution of genetic variation in mul tiple brain nicotinic cholinergic receptors to nicotine dependence: recent prog ress and emerging open questions. (19564872)	Greenbaum L.... Lerer B.	2009	CHRNA6
17	Further evidence for an association between the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor A, subunit 4 genes on chromosome 4 and FagerstrAPm Test for Nicotine Dependence. (19207358)	Agrawal A.... Madden P.A.	2009	GABRA2, GABRA4
18	Association and interaction analyses of GABBR1 and GA BBR2 with nicotine dependence in European- and African-American populations. (19763258)	Li M.D.... Payne T.J.	2009	GABBR1, ADCY1, GABBR2
19	The CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 nicotinic receptor subunit g ene cluster affects risk for nicotine dependence in African-Americans and in Eu ropean-Americans. (19706762)	Saccone N.L.... Bierut L.J.	2009	CHRNA5
20	The role of cystine-glutamate exchange in nicotine dependence in rats and humans. (19103434)	Knackstedt L.A.... Kalivas P.W.	2009	SLC1A3
21	Variants in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors alpha5 and alpha3 increase risks to nicotine dependence. (19132693)	Chen X.... Kendler K.S.	2009	CHRNA5
22	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor genes and nicotine dependence: evidence for association from a case-control study. (18482426)	Agrawal A.... Madden P.A.	2008	GABRA2, GABRA4, GABBR2
23	Variants in Nicotinic Receptors and Risk for Nicotine Dependence. (18519524)	Bierut L.J.... Goate A.M.	2008	CHRNA5
24	Cannabinoid receptor 1 gene association with nicotine dependence. (18606954)	Chen X.... Kendler K.S.	2008	CNR1
25	Detection of Genetic Association and a Functional Polymorphism of Dynamin 1 Gene with Nicotine Dependence in European and African Americans. (18987626)	Xu Q.... Li M.D.	2008	DNM1
26	Beta-arrestins 1 and 2 are associated with nicotine dependence in European American smokers. (17579607)	Sun D.... Li M.D.	2008	ARRB2, ARRB1
27	Association of amyloid precursor protein-binding protein, family B, member 1 with nicotine dependence in African and European American smokers. (18777128)	Chen G.B.... Li M.D.	2008	APBB1
28	Association of low striatal dopamine d2 receptor availability with nicotine dependence similar to that seen with other drugs of abuse. (18316420)	Fehr C.... Schreckenberger M.	2008	DRD2
29	Role of the glutamatergic system in nicotine dependence : implications for the discovery and development of new pharmacological smoking cessation therapies. (18698872)	Liechti M.E.... Markou A.	2008	GRM2
30	A functional polymorphism, rs6280, in DRD3 is significantly associated with nicotine dependence in European-American smokers. (18348205)	Huang W.... Li M.D.	2008	DRD3
31	The CHRNA5-A3 region on chromosome 15q24-25.1 is a risk factor both for nicotine dependence and for lung cancer. (18957677)	Spitz M.R.... Wu X.	2008	CHRNA5
32	Significant association of DRD1 with nicotine dependence. (18092181)	Huang W.... Li M.D.	2008	DRD1
33	Novel genes identified in a high-density genome wide association study for nicotine dependence. (17158188)	Bierut L.J.... Ballinger D.G.	2007	CHRNB3
34	The role of the TPH1 and TPH2 genes for nicotine dependence: a genetic association study in two different age cohorts. (17986837)	Reuter M.... Sturmer T.	2007	TPH1, TPH2
35	Association analysis of the protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 1B (PPP1R1B) gene with nicotine dependence in European- and African-American smokers. (17171661)	Beuten J.... Li M.D.	2007	PPP1R1B
36	Association of specific haplotypes of neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 2 gene (NTRK2) with vulnerability to nicotine dependence in African-Americans and European-Americans. (16713586)	Beuten J.... Li M.D.	2007	NTRK2
37	The role of CYP2A6 in the emergence of nicotine dependence in adolescents. (17130279)	Audrain-McGovern J.... Tyndale R.F.	2007	CYP2A6
38	Gene-based analysis suggests association of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta1 subunit (CHRNB1) and M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (CHRM1) with vulnerability for nicotine dependence. (16874522)	Lou X.Y.... Li M.D.	2006	CHRM1, CHRNB1
39	Significant association of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) haplotypes with nicotine dependence in male and female smokers of two ethnic populations. (16395295)	Beuten J.... Li M.D.	2006	COMT
40	DOPA decarboxylase gene is associated with nicotine dependence. (17184203)	Zhang H.... Li M.D.	2006	DDC
41	Association of the phosphatase and tensin homolog gene (PTEN) with smoking initiation and nicotine dependence. (16331670)	Zhang L.... Chen X.	2006	PTEN
42	Ethnic- and gender-specific association of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha4 subunit gene (CHRNA4) with nicotine dependence. (15790597)	Li M.D.... Elston R.C.	2005	CHRNA4, CHRNB2
43	Association of DNA polymorphisms in the synaptic vesicular amine transporter gene (SLC18A2) with alcohol and nicotine dependence. (15988470)	Schwab S.G.... Wildenauer D.B.	2005	SLC18A2
44	Association between polymorphism of the dopamine transporter gene and early smoking onset: an interaction risk on nicotine dependence. (14685824)	Ling D.... Xu X.	2004	SLC6A3
45	A factor analysis of the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). (12745499)	Radzius A.... Moolchan E.T.	2003	TTF2
46	CYP2E1*1D regulatory polymorphism: association with alcohol and nicotine dependence. (12777962)	Howard L.A.... Tyndale R.F.	2003	CYP2E1
47	Elucidating the role of genetic factors in smoking behavior and nicotine dependence. (12627466)	Lerman C.... Berrettini W.	2003	COMT, CYP2D6, MAOA
48	Association of the tryptophan hydroxylase gene with smoking initiation but not progression to nicotine dependence. (11449402)	Sullivan P.F.... Straub R.E.	2001	TPH1
49	An association study of DRD5 with smoking initiation and progression to nicotine dependence. (11353446)	Sullivan P.F.... Straub R.E.	2001	DRD5
50	Growth factor-mediated mechanisms of nicotine-depende nt carcinogenesis. (7923576)	Rakowicz-Szulczynska E.M.... Smith M.	1994	BMP6

Genes related to nicotine dependence according to GeneCards:

(show top 50)    (show all 67)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	GABBR2	gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, 2	11.1	Summaries, Publications, Orthologs
2	SLC6A3	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	11.1	Summaries, Publications
3	CHRNA2	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 2 (neuronal)	11.1	Publications, Summaries
4	CHRNA5	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 5 (neuronal)	11.0	Publications, Drugs & Compounds
5	CHRNB1	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, beta 1 (muscle)	11.0	Publications
6	TAS2R16	taste receptor, type 2, member 16	11.0	Publications
7	ANKK1	ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1	11.0	Publications
8	CHRNA3	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 3 (neuronal)	11.0	Publications
9	CHRNB2	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, beta 2 (neuronal)	11.0	Publications
10	CHRNB3	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, beta 3 (neuronal)	11.0	Publications
11	HINT1	histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1	11.0	Publications
12	CHRNA6	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 6 (neuronal)	11.0	Publications
13	CARTPT	CART prepropeptide	11.0	Publications
14	TAS2R38	taste receptor, type 2, member 38	11.0	Publications
15	GRM2	glutamate receptor, metabotropic 2	11.0	Publications
16	GABRA4	gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 4	11.0	Publications
17	GABARAP	GABA(A) receptor-associated protein	11.0	Publications
18	DRD5	dopamine receptor D5	11.0	Publications
19	PPP1R1B	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 1B	11.0	Publications
20	TTC12	tetratricopeptide repeat domain 12	11.0	Publications
21	CHRNA9	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 9 (neuronal)	11.0	Publications
22	TPH1	tryptophan hydroxylase 1	11.0	Publications
23	BTG2	BTG family, member 2	11.0	Publications
24	CHRNA4	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 4 (neuronal)	11.0	Publications
25	RAPGEF3	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	11.0	Publications
26	TPH2	tryptophan hydroxylase 2	11.0	Publications
27	TTF2	transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase II	11.0	Publications
28	GRIN3A	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl-D-aspartate 3A	11.0	Publications
29	SLC1A3	solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 3	11.0	Publications
30	SLC18A2	solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 2	11.0	Publications
31	PAM	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	11.0	Publications
32	SHC3	SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 3	11.0	Publications
33	NR4A2	nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 2	11.0	Publications
34	GABBR1	gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, 1	11.0	Publications
35	CYP2A6	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 6	11.0	Publications
36	ADCY1	adenylate cyclase 1 (brain)	11.0	Publications
37	CHRM1	cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 1	11.0	Publications
38	CHAT	choline O-acetyltransferase	11.0	Publications
39	GABRA2	gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 2	11.0	Publications
40	DBH	dopamine beta-hydroxylase (dopamine beta-monooxygenase)	11.0	Publications
41	ARRB2	arrestin, beta 2	11.0	Publications
42	ARRB1	arrestin, beta 1	11.0	Publications
43	DDC	dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase)	11.0	Publications
44	DLG4	discs, large homolog 4 (Drosophila)	11.0	Publications
45	DRD4	dopamine receptor D4	11.0	Publications
46	DRD3	dopamine receptor D3	11.0	Publications
47	DRD2	dopamine receptor D2	11.0	Publications
48	APBB1	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein-binding, family B, member 1 (Fe65)	11.0	Publications
49	DRD1	dopamine receptor D1	11.0	Publications
50	DNM1	dynamin 1	11.0	Publications

Pathways related to nicotine dependence according to GeneDecks:

(show all 29)

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors38	10.6	CHRNB3, CHRNA5, CHRNA2, CHRNA6
2	Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors38	10.5	CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHRNA3
3	Sympathetic Nerve Pathway (Pre- and Post- Ganglionic Junction)34	10.2	DDC, CHAT, CHRNA3, CHRNA7
4	Acetylcholine Binding And Downstream Events38	10.2	CHRNA7, CHRNA9
5	GABA signaling in brain10	10.0	NRXN1, GABBR1, GABBR2, GABRA2, GABRA4
6	Calcium channels10	10.0	CHRNA9, CHRNA6, CHRNB3, CHRNB1, CHRNA5, CHRNA2
7	Amine ligand-binding receptors38	10.0	DRD5, DRD4, DRD3, DRD2, DRD1
8	Glutamatergic synapse20	9.9	SLC1A3, DLG4, GRM2, GRIN3A, ADCY1
9	Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives38	9.9	DBH, TH, DDC, TPH2, TPH1
10	Sympathetic Nerve Pathway (Neuroeffector Junction)34	9.8	CHRNB3, SLC18A2, DBH, TH, DDC, CHAT
11	Tryptophan metabolism20	9.8	DDC, TPH2, TPH1, MAOB, MAOA
12	Acetaminophen metabolism41	9.8	CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP2A6
13	Selected targets of CREB110	9.8	CHAT, CARTPT, NR4A2, GABBR1
14	Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Pathway, Pharmacodynamics34	9.7	ADCY1, SLC18A2, SLC6A4, DDC, TPH2, TPH1
15	Acetaminophen metabolism10	9.7	CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP2A6
16	Dopamine-DARPP32 Feedback onto cAMP Pathway36	9.6	ADCY1, PPP1R1B, DRD5, DRD4, DRD3, DRD2
17	Phenylalanine metabolism20	9.6	DDC, MAOB, MAOA
18	Cholinergic synapse20	9.5	ADCY1, FOS, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHRM1, CHAT
19	Nicotine Pathway (Dopaminergic Neuron), Pharmacodynamics34	9.3	TH, PPP1R1B, DDC, DRD4, DRD3, DRD2
20	Phenytoin Pathway, Pharmacokinetics34	9.2	CYP2A6, CYP2E1, CYP2D6, COMT
21	Drug metabolism - cytochrome P45020	9.2	CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP2A6, MAOB, MAOA
22	Tyrosine metabolism p.1 (dopamine)41	9.0	MAOB, DDC, COMT, TH, DBH, MAOA
23	Tyrosine metabolism p.1 (dopamine)10	9.0	DBH, MAOA, MAOB, DDC, COMT, TH
24	Tyrosine metabolism20	9.0	DBH, TH, COMT, DDC, MAOB, MAOA
25	Intracellular Calcium Signaling36	8.8	CHRNA9, CHRNA5, CHRNA2, ADCY1, NTRK2, CHRNA4
26	CDK5 Pathway36	8.8	ADCY1, PPP1R1B, NTRK2, DRD5, DRD4, DRD3
27	eNOS Signaling36	8.7	ADCY1, CHRNA2, CHRNA5, CHRNB1, CHRNB3, CHRNA9
28	Neuroscience3	8.4	GABBR2, GABBR1, SLC1A3, DBH, TH, PPP1R1B
29	Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction20	8.4	CHRNA9, DRD1, GRM2, GRIN3A, CHRNA4, CHRNB2

Compounds related to nicotine dependence according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 347)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	nicotine32 34 9 9	12.7	CHRNA6, ANKK1, CYP2A6, CYP2E1, CYP2D6, PPP1R1B
2	choline32 9 18 9	12.7	TPH1, DDC, CHRM1, CHAT, CHRNA7, MAOB
3	galantamine32 34 9 9	12.3	CHRNA6, CHRNA7, CHRNA3, CHRNB2, CHRNA1, CHRNA4
4	quetiapine32 9 18 9	12.2	SLC6A3, BDNF, CHRM1, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3
5	mdma32	9.1	MAOA, MAOB, TPH1, DDC, CYP2D6, TH
6	d amphetamine32	9.1	SLC6A4, SLC6A3, TH, DRD2, DRD1, MAOB
7	rotigotine32 9 9	11.1	MAOB, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, DRD5
8	carbidopa32	8.9	COMT, SLC6A3, DBH, DDC, TPH1, MAOB
9	pramipexole32 9 9	10.9	DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, DRD5, COMT, TH
10	Methotrimeprazine9 9	9.8	DRD4, CHRM1, DRD1, CYP2E1, DRD5, DRD3
11	spec-t32	8.8	SLC6A3, MAOB, CNR1, BMP6, DRD1, SLC18A2
12	paroxetine32 34 9 9	11.7	CHRM1, COMT, SLC18A2, SLC6A4, SLC6A3, CYP2D6
13	bupropion32 34 9 18 9	12.7	SLC18A2, SLC6A4, SLC6A3, CNR1, CHRNA3, ANKK1
14	citalopram32 34 9 18 9	12.6	CYP2E1, SLC18A2, SLC6A4, SLC6A3, CYP2D6, CYP2A6
15	risperidone32 34 9 18 9	12.6	COMT, SLC6A3, SLC6A4, CYP2D6, DRD4, DRD3
16	ropinirole32 9 9	10.6	DRD3, COMT, MAOB, DRD1, DRD2, DRD4
17	dopac32	8.5	COMT, TH, DBH, GABBR1, DRD3, DRD1
18	mhpg32	8.5	BDNF, MAOA, MAOB, DRD4, DDC, COMT
19	heroin32 9 9	10.4	SLC6A4, SLC6A3, COMT, DRD4, DRD3, DRD2
20	1 methyl 4 phenylpyridinium32	8.4	SLC18A2, TH, BDNF, SLC6A3, MAOA, SLC6A4
21	homovanillic acid32 18	9.4	BDNF, CHAT, MAOA, MAOB, TPH1, DDC
22	fluoxetine32 34 9 9	11.4	CNR1, BDNF, MAOA, MAOB, TPH1, TPH2
23	clozapine32 34 9 9	11.3	CHRNA7, CHRM1, FOS, ANKK1, DRD1, DRD2
24	amine32	8.3	PAM, CHAT, MAOA, MAOB, TPH1, DRD3
25	maoa32	8.2	BDNF, MAOA, MAOB, TPH1, TPH2, DRD2
26	olanzapine32 34 9 18 9	12.2	DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, DRD5, CYP2D6
27	selegiline32 9 9	10.1	BDNF, MAOA, MAOB, DDC, CYP2A6, CYP2E1
28	methylphenidate32 9 9	10.1	DRD4, DRD5, CYP2D6, COMT, TH, SLC6A3
29	apomorphine32 9 9	10.0	COMT, TH, SLC6A3, DRD5, CNR1, CHAT
30	haloperidol32 34 9 9	11.0	BDNF, CHAT, FOS, MAOB, DRD1, DRD2
31	imipramine32 34 9 18 9	12.0	BDNF, CHAT, CHRM1, MAOA, MAOB, DRD1
32	morphine32 9 9	9.8	TH, DBH, SLC6A3, GABBR1, COMT, CYP2D6
33	mptp32	7.8	BDNF, CHRNA7, MAOA, MAOB, DRD1, DRD2
34	amphetamine32 9 9	9.7	CNR1, FOS, MAOA, MAOB, CARTPT, TPH1
35	catecholamine32	7.7	COMT, MAOA, CHAT, MAOB, TPH1, DRD1
36	acetylcholine32 9 18 9	10.7	GABBR1, SLC18A2, SLC6A3, CHRNA3, CHRNA7, BDNF
37	methamphetamine32 9 9	9.6	DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, CYP2D6, COMT
38	kainate32	7.6	CNR1, TH, SLC1A3, GABBR1, NTRK2, DLG4
39	cyclic amp32 18	8.5	GRM2, CARTPT, TPH1, DRD1, DRD4, DRD5
40	6-hydroxydopamine32	7.4	MAOB, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, DDC
41	levodopa32 9 9	9.2	CNR1, BDNF, MAOA, MAOB, TPH1, DRD1
42	5-hydroxytryptamine32	7.0	DLG4, DDC, COMT, TH, DBH, SLC6A3
43	glutamate32	6.6	NCAM1, CNR1, BMP6, CHAT, CHRM1, FOS
44	ethanol32 34 9 18 9	10.4	DRD1, GABBR1, SLC18A2, CHRM1, CHAT, CHRNA7
45	cocaine32 9 9	8.4	GABBR1, SLC18A2, SLC6A4, CNR1, BMP6, BDNF
46	norepinephrine32 9 18 9	8.9	DBH, TPH1, MAOB, MAOA, CHAT, BDNF
47	gaba32 42	6.6	SLC6A3, SLC1A3, SLC6A4, SLC18A2, GABARAP, GABBR1
48	nmda32 42	6.3	MAOA, MAOB, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DLG4
49	tyrosine32	4.4	NCAM1, DDC, CYP2D6, NTRK2, PPP1R1B, NR4A2
50	dopamine32 9 18 9	6.1	CYP2E1, CYP2D6, NTRK2, PPP1R1B, NR4A2, COMT

Cellular components related to nicotine dependence according to GeneDecks:

(show all 13)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	dendritic spine	GO:043197	9.8	GABBR1, SLC1A3, DRD4, DRD1, APBB1
2	presynaptic membrane	GO:042734	9.7	GRM2, APBB1, NRXN1, GABBR1
3	axon	GO:030424	9.7	GABRA2, SLC6A3, DDC, DRD2, DRD1, GRM2
4	synapse	GO:045202	9.6	CHRNB1, SLC1A3, NRXN1, DLG4, APBB1, GRIN3A
5	acetylcholine-gated channel complex	GO:005892	9.5	CHRNA3, CHRNB2, CHRNA1, CHRNA4, CHRNA2, CHRNA5
6	neuron projection	GO:043005	9.4	GABBR2, TH, PTEN, TPH2, TPH1, GRIN3A
7	terminal button	GO:043195	8.9	SLC18A2, DBH, NTRK2, DRD4
8	postsynaptic density	GO:014069	8.9	NTRK2, DLG4, DRD2, GRIN3A, CHRM1, CHRNA3
9	postsynaptic membrane	GO:045211	8.6	CHRNA6, CHRNA7, CHRNA3, CHRM1, CHRNB2, CHRNA1
10	neuronal cell body	GO:043025	8.4	DBH, SLC6A3, SLC1A3, SLC18A2, GABBR1, CHRNA5
11	cell junction	GO:030054	8.4	CHRNA4, CHRNA9, CHRNB3, CHRNB1, CHRNA5, GRIN3A
12	integral to plasma membrane	GO:005887	7.6	SLC6A3, SLC6A4, SLC18A2, GABBR1, GABBR2, GABRA4
13	plasma membrane	GO:005886	4.6	NCAM1, GRM2, APBB1, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3

Biological processes related to nicotine dependence according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 65)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	behavioral response to nicotine	GO:035095	10.6	CHRNB1, CHRNA5, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHRNA3
2	synaptic transmission, cholinergic	GO:007271	10.6	CHRNB3, CHRNB1, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHRNA3
3	serotonin biosynthetic process	GO:042427	10.5	DDC, TPH2, TPH1
4	indolalkylamine biosynthetic process	GO:046219	10.5	TPH2, DDC, TPH1
5	gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway	GO:007214	10.5	GABRA4, GABRA2, GABBR2, GABBR1
6	neurological system process	GO:050877	10.4	CHRNB1, CHRNA4, CHRNB2
7	regulation of dopamine metabolic process	GO:042053	10.4	SLC6A3, DRD4, DRD1, CHRNB2
8	phospholipase C-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway	GO:060158	10.4	DRD5, DRD2, DRD1
9	regulation of dopamine secretion	GO:014059	10.3	DRD3, DRD2, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHRNA6
10	monoamine transport	GO:015844	10.3	SLC18A2, SLC6A4, SLC6A3
11	response to histamine	GO:034776	10.3	DRD4, DRD3, DRD2
12	behavioral response to ethanol	GO:048149	10.3	DRD2, DRD4, DBH
13	response to iron ion	GO:010039	10.3	APBB1, DRD2, DBH, SLC6A3
14	dopamine biosynthetic process	GO:042416	10.3	SLC6A3, TH, DDC
15	regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission	GO:051584	10.3	DRD3, DRD2, DRD1
16	adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathway	GO:007195	10.3	DRD4, DRD3, DRD2
17	fear response	GO:042596	10.3	DBH, DRD4, BDNF
18	G-protein coupled receptor internalization	GO:002031	10.2	DRD3, DRD2, ARRB1, ARRB2
19	catecholamine biosynthetic process	GO:042423	10.2	DBH, TH, DDC
20	behavioral response to cocaine	GO:048148	10.2	DRD4, DRD3, DRD2, DRD1
21	adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway	GO:007191	10.2	DRD5, DRD3, DRD1
22	negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity	GO:007194	10.2	GABBR2, GABBR1, DRD4, DRD3, DRD2, GRM2
23	dopamine metabolic process	GO:042417	10.1	DRD4, DRD3, DRD2, DRD1
24	ion transport	GO:006811	10.1	CHRNA2, SLC1A3, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHRNA3, CHRNA7
25	adult walking behavior	GO:007628	10.1	DRD2, DRD1, ARRB2, CHAT
26	negative regulation of blood pressure	GO:045776	10.1	DRD5, DRD3, DRD2, CNR1
27	response to cocaine	GO:042220	10.0	SLC18A2, SLC6A3, DRD5, DRD3, DRD2, CHRNB2
28	response to nicotine	GO:035094	10.0	GABBR1, SLC6A3, DRD2, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHRNA7
29	negative regulation of protein secretion	GO:050709	10.0	DRD4, DRD3, DRD2
30	synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	GO:001963	9.9	TH, DRD5, DRD4, DRD3, DRD2, DRD1
31	visual learning	GO:008542	9.8	DBH, PPP1R1B, DRD5, DRD3, DRD2, DRD1
32	response to amphetamine	GO:001975	9.8	SLC18A2, DBH, PPP1R1B, DRD5, DRD4, DRD3
33	dopamine catabolic process	GO:042420	9.8	MAOA, COMT, DBH, SLC6A3
34	circadian regulation of gene expression	GO:032922	9.8	DRD3, DRD2, CARTPT
35	dentate gyrus development	GO:021542	9.7	PTEN, DRD1, BTG2
36	neurotransmitter biosynthetic process	GO:042136	9.6	SLC6A3, TH, COMT, MAOA
37	learning or memory	GO:007611	9.6	SHC3, PTEN, DRD3, BDNF
38	response to hypoxia	GO:001666	9.6	SLC6A4, TH, DRD2, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHAT
39	response to ethanol	GO:045471	9.4	GABBR1, SLC6A3, TH, DRD3, MAOB, GRIN3A
40	memory	GO:007613	9.4	SLC6A4, DBH, TH, DRD1, CHRNB2, CHAT
41	prepulse inhibition	GO:060134	9.3	SLC6A3, NRXN1, PTEN, DRD3, DRD2, DRD1
42	locomotory behavior	GO:007626	9.3	TH, DBH, SLC6A3, SLC18A2, PTEN, DRD3
43	positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential	GO:2000463	9.3	DLG4, PTEN, NRXN1
44	signal transduction	GO:007165	9.2	PPP1R1B, NR4A2, HINT1, ADCY1, CHRNA2, CHRNA5
45	social behavior	GO:035176	9.2	SLC6A4, DBH, NRXN1, PTEN, DRD4, DRD3
46	xenobiotic metabolic process	GO:006805	8.5	COMT, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP2A6, MAOB, MAOA
47	learning	GO:007612	8.4	TH, COMT, NRXN1, NTRK2, DLG4, DRD3
48	response to drug	GO:042493	8.4	COMT, SLC6A3, SLC1A3, SLC6A4, ADCY1, DRD3
49	synaptic transmission	GO:007268	7.9	CHRNA6, SLC18A2, ADCY1, GABARAP, GABBR1, GABBR2
50	small molecule metabolic process	GO:044281	7.1	CYP2E1, CYP2D6, COMT, TH, DBH, ADCY1

Molecular functions related to nicotine dependence according to GeneDecks:

(show all 15)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	ligand-gated ion channel activity	GO:015276	10.4	CHRNB1, CHRNA5, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHRNA3
2	angiotensin receptor binding	GO:031701	10.2	ARRB1, ARRB2
3	dopamine receptor activity	GO:004952	10.2	DRD5, DRD4, DRD1
4	monoamine transmembrane transporter activity	GO:008504	10.2	SLC6A3, SLC6A4, SLC18A2
5	tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity	GO:004510	10.2	TPH2, TPH1
6	acetylcholine binding	GO:042166	10.2	CHRNB3, CHRNB1, CHRNA5, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHRNA3
7	acetylcholine receptor activity	GO:015464	10.2	CHRNB1, CHRNA5, CHRNA2, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHRNA3
8	amino acid binding	GO:016597	10.2	TPH1, TPH2, DDC
9	dopamine receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go	GO:001591	10.1	DRD4, DRD3, DRD2
10	serotonin transmembrane transporter activity	GO:015222	10.1	SLC18A2, SLC6A4
11	acetylcholine-activated cation-selective channel activity	GO:004889	10.0	CHRNA6, CHRNA9, CHRNB3, CHRNA7, CHRNA3, CHRNB2
12	dopamine receptor activity, coupled via Gs	GO:001588	9.9	DRD5, DRD1
13	dopamine binding	GO:035240	9.9	SLC6A3, DRD5, DRD4, DRD3, DRD2, DRD1
14	iron ion binding	GO:005506	9.4	TH, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP2A6, TPH2, TPH1
15	drug binding	GO:008144	9.1	SLC18A2, SLC6A3, CYP2D6, DRD5, DRD4, DRD3