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MCID: PRG009
MIFTS: 55

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Categories: Rare diseases, Infectious diseases, Neuronal diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy:

Name: Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy 12 72 49 50 55 14
Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal 49 41 69
Pml 12 49 55
Leukoencephalopathy Progressive Multifocal 51
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalitis 55

Characteristics:

Orphanet epidemiological data:

55
progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Inheritance: Not applicable; Age of onset: All ages;

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Infectious diseases
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32 33
Orphanet: 55  
Rare neurological diseases
Rare infectious diseases


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:643
ICD10 32 A81.2
ICD9CM 34 046.3
MeSH 41 D007968
NCIt 46 C26815
SNOMED-CT 64 22255007
Orphanet 55 ORPHA217260
MESH via Orphanet 42 D007968
UMLS via Orphanet 70 C0023524
ICD10 via Orphanet 33 A81.2
UMLS 69 C0023524
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Summaries for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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NINDS : 50 Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a disease of the white matter of the brain, caused by a virus infection that targets cells that make myelin--the material that insulates nerve cells (neurons).  Polyomavirus JC (often called JC virus) is carried by a majority of people and is harmless except among those with lowered immune defenses.  The disease is rare and occurs in patients undergoing chronic corticosteroid or immunosuppressive therapy for organ transplant, or individuals with cancer (such as Hodgkin’s disease or lymphoma).  Individuals with autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosis -- some of whom are treated with biological therapies that allow JC virus reactivation -- are at risk for PML as well.  PML is most common among individuals with HIV-1 infection / acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).  Studies estimate that prior to effective antiretroviral therapy, as many as 5 percent of persons infected with HIV-1 eventually develop PML that is an AIDS-defining illness.  However, current HIV therapy using antiretroviral drugs (ART), which effectively restores immune system function, allows as many as half of all HIV-PML patients to survive, although they may sometimes have an inflammatory reaction in the regions of the brain affected by PML.  The symptoms of PML are diverse, since they are related to the location and amount of damage in the brain, and may evolve over the course of several weeks to months  The most prominent symptoms are clumsiness; progressive weakness; and visual, speech, and sometimes personality changes.  The progression of deficits leads to life-threatening disability and (frequently) death.  A diagnosis of PML can be made following brain biopsy or by combining observations of a progressive course of the disease, consistent white matter lesions visible on a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, and the detection of the JC virus in spinal fluid.

MalaCards based summary : Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy, also known as leukoencephalopathy, progressive multifocal, is related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and common variable immunodeficiency. An important gene associated with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy is ITGA4 (Integrin Subunit Alpha 4), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Akt Signaling and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The drugs Natalizumab and Prednisolone have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, t cells and liver, and related phenotypes are Synthetic lethal with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor) and Synthetic lethal with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor)

Disease Ontology : 12 A viral infectious disease that involves reactivation of JC polyomavirus in immune-compromised individuals which causes the loss of white matter (which is made up of myelin, a substance the surrounds and protects nerve fibers) in multiple areas of the brain. The symptoms include hemiparesis, aphasia, dysarthria, hemianopia, cognitive impairment and coma.

NIH Rare Diseases : 49 Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a neurological disorder that damages the myelin that covers and protects nerves in the white matter of the brain. It is caused by the JC virus (JCV). By age 10, most people have been infected with this virus, but it rarely causes symptoms unless the immune system becomes severely weakened. The disease occurs, rarely, in organ transplant patients; people undergoing chronic corticosteroid or immunosuppressive therapy; and individuals with cancer, such as Hodgkin’s disease, lymphoma, and sarcoidosis.  PML is most common among individuals with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Last updated: 4/1/2011

Wikipedia : 72 Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare and usually fatal viral disease characterized... more...

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Related Diseases for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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Diseases related to Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 182)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 30.5 CD40LG IL2 TNF
2 common variable immunodeficiency 30.0 CD40LG IL2 TNF
3 panencephalitis, subacute sclerosing 29.9 CD40LG MBP
4 demyelinating disease 29.9 CD40LG MBP TNF
5 lymphoma, non-hodgkin, familial 29.8 BAX CD40LG IL2 ITGA4
6 lupus erythematosus 29.8 CD40LG PDCD1 TNF
7 myasthenia gravis 29.7 IL2 MBP TNF
8 central nervous system disease 29.7 HTR2A MBP TNF
9 combined immunodeficiency, x-linked 29.7 CD40LG IL2 PNP
10 nervous system disease 29.6 CD40LG MBP TNF
11 meningoencephalitis 29.6 CD40LG MBP MECP2
12 leukemia, chronic lymphocytic 29.5 BAX CD40LG IL2 ITGA4 STAT1
13 systemic lupus erythematosus 29.3 CD40LG IL2 PDCD1 STAT1 TNF
14 multiple sclerosis 29.2 IL2 ITGA4 MBP PDCD1 STAT1 TNF
15 autoimmune disease 28.7 CD40LG IL2 MBP PDCD1 TNF
16 acute promyelocytic leukemia 12.4
17 aids - neurological complications 11.1
18 lymphoma 10.5
19 oral tuberculosis 10.4 IL2 TNF
20 autoimmune myocarditis 10.4 IL2 TNF
21 actinic prurigo 10.4 ITGA4 TNF
22 streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome 10.4 IL2 TNF
23 farmer's lung 10.4 IL2 TNF
24 trench fever 10.4 CD40LG TNF
25 encephalitozoonosis 10.4 CD40LG TNF
26 rheumatoid lung disease 10.4 CD40LG TNF
27 miller fisher syndrome 10.4 CD40LG TNF
28 clonorchiasis 10.4 IL2 TNF
29 leukemia 10.4
30 crohn's colitis 10.3 IL2 TNF
31 zika fever 10.3 CD40LG STAT1
32 axillary adenitis 10.3 CD40LG STAT1
33 murray valley encephalitis 10.3 CD40LG IL2
34 microscopic colitis 10.3 IL2 TNF
35 burning mouth syndrome 10.3 IL2 TNF
36 coccidioidomycosis 10.3 CD40LG STAT1
37 central nervous system vasculitis 10.3 CD40LG TNF
38 meningovascular neurosyphilis 10.3 CD40LG MBP
39 osteosclerotic myeloma 10.3 CD40LG TNF
40 posterior uveitis 10.3 IL2 TNF
41 bruxism 10.3 HTR2A MECP2
42 immunodeficiency 17 10.3 CD40LG STAT1
43 post-vaccinal encephalitis 10.2 CD40LG MBP
44 lymphoma, hodgkin, classic 10.2
45 jejunoileitis 10.2 CD40LG TNF
46 leukemia, chronic lymphocytic 2 10.2
47 leukemia, b-cell, chronic 10.2
48 dysgammaglobulinemia 10.2 CD40LG MBP
49 primary systemic mycosis 10.2 CD40LG TNF
50 kashin-beck disease 10.2 BAX TNF

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy:



Diseases related to Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

25
# Description GenomeRNAi Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 Synthetic lethal with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor) GR00250-A-1 9.7 BAX CD40LG IL2 PDCD1 STAT1 TNF
2 Synthetic lethal with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor) GR00250-A-2 9.7 BAX CD40LG IL2 PDCD1 STAT1 TNF

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy:

43 (show all 14)
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cellular MP:0005384 10.21 IL2 CD40LG ITGA4 MBP IGHMBP2 BAX
2 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.14 IGHMBP2 BAX IL2 HTR2A MBP STAT1
3 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 10.13 IL2 CD40LG ITGA4 IGHMBP2 STAT1 MECP2
4 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.11 IGHMBP2 BAX IL2 CD40LG STAT1 MECP2
5 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 10.1 IL2 CD40LG HTR2A BAX MECP2 TNF
6 mortality/aging MP:0010768 10.1 BAX IL2 CD40LG ITGA4 MBP IGHMBP2
7 immune system MP:0005387 10.09 BAX IL2 CD40LG ITGA4 MBP MECP2
8 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 10.08 BAX IL2 CD40LG ITGA4 MBP STAT1
9 nervous system MP:0003631 9.86 IGHMBP2 BAX CD40LG STAT1 MECP2 TNF
10 muscle MP:0005369 9.85 BAX HTR2A IGHMBP2 STAT1 TNF PDCD1
11 neoplasm MP:0002006 9.72 BAX IL2 STAT1 TNF PDCD1
12 respiratory system MP:0005388 9.63 BAX IL2 IGHMBP2 MECP2 TNF PDCD1
13 skeleton MP:0005390 9.5 BAX CD40LG HTR2A STAT1 MECP2 TNF
14 vision/eye MP:0005391 9.17 BAX IL2 MBP MECP2 TNF PDCD1
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Drugs & Therapeutics for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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Drugs for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 63)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Natalizumab Approved, Investigational Phase 4 189261-10-7
2
Prednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-24-8 5755
3
Methylprednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 83-43-2 6741
4
Interferon beta-1b Approved Phase 4 145155-23-3
5 interferons Phase 4
6 Adjuvants, Immunologic Phase 4
7 Gastrointestinal Agents Phase 4,Phase 2
8 Anti-Infective Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 1
9 Immunosuppressive Agents Phase 4,Phase 2
10 Interferon-beta Phase 4
11 Antiviral Agents Phase 4,Phase 2
12 Prednisolone acetate Phase 4
13 glucocorticoids Phase 4
14 Methylprednisolone acetate Phase 4
15 Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate Phase 4
16 Fingolimod Hydrochloride Phase 4
17 Neuroprotective Agents Phase 4
18 Hormone Antagonists Phase 4
19 Hormones Phase 4
20 Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists Phase 4
21 Peripheral Nervous System Agents Phase 4
22 Antiemetics Phase 4
23 Prednisolone hemisuccinate Phase 4
24 Prednisolone phosphate Phase 4
25 Anti-Inflammatory Agents Phase 4
26 Protective Agents Phase 4
27 Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal Phase 4
28 Autonomic Agents Phase 4
29
Topotecan Approved, Investigational Phase 2 119413-54-6, 123948-87-8 60700
30
Cytarabine Approved, Investigational Phase 2 147-94-4 6253
31
Zidovudine Approved Phase 2 30516-87-1 35370
32
Didanosine Approved Phase 2 69655-05-6 50599
33
Enfuvirtide Approved, Investigational Phase 2 159519-65-0 16130199
34
Lenograstim Approved, Investigational Phase 2 135968-09-1
35
Emtricitabine Approved, Investigational Phase 2 143491-57-0 60877
36
Zalcitabine Approved, Investigational Phase 2 7481-89-2 24066
37 Vedolizumab Approved Phase 2 943609-66-3
38
Mefloquine Approved, Investigational Phase 1, Phase 2 53230-10-7 4046
39
Tenofovir Phase 2 147127-20-6 464205
40 topoisomerase I inhibitors Phase 2
41 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Phase 2
42 Topoisomerase Inhibitors Phase 2
43 Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors Phase 2
44 Anti-HIV Agents Phase 2
45 Immunoglobulins Phase 1, Phase 2
46 Antimetabolites Phase 2
47 Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic Phase 2
48 Anti-Retroviral Agents Phase 2
49 Antibodies Phase 1, Phase 2
50 Antibodies, Monoclonal Phase 1, Phase 2

Interventional clinical trials:

(show all 28)

# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Methylprednisolone During the Switch Between Natalizumab and Fingolimod Recruiting NCT02769689 Phase 4 Methylprednisolone;Placebo;natalizumab (NTZ);fingolimob (FTY)
2 Safety and Effectiveness of Switching Relapsing MS Patients Treated With Natalizumab at Risk for PML to Teriflunomide Active, not recruiting NCT01970410 Phase 4 teriflunomide
3 Corticosteroids for Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) Terminated NCT01211665 Phase 4 Methylprednisolone;Prednisolone
4 Natalizumab De-escalation to Interferon-beta-1b in Patients With Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis Terminated NCT01701856 Phase 4 Interferon beta-1b
5 Study for Participants With Ulcerative Colitis Previously Enrolled in Etrolizumab Phase II/III Studies Recruiting NCT02118584 Phase 3 Etrolizumab
6 Early Intensification of Antiretroviral Therapy Including Enfuvirtide in HIV-1-Related Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy (ANRS125) Completed NCT00120367 Phase 2 Enfuvirtide;Tenofovir-Emtricitabine
7 Comparison of Anti HIV Drugs Used Alone or in Combination With Cytosine Arabinoside to Treat Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) in HIV-Infected Patients Completed NCT00001048 Phase 2 Filgrastim;Cytarabine;Zidovudine;Zalcitabine;Didanosine
8 Safety and Effectiveness of Topotecan HCl to Treat HIV-Infected Patients With AIDS-Related Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) Completed NCT00002395 Phase 2 Topotecan
9 Long Term Safety of Vedolizumab (MLN0002) in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease Completed NCT00619489 Phase 2 vedolizumab
10 Brentuximab Vedotin for Systemic Sclerosis Recruiting NCT03222492 Phase 1, Phase 2
11 Study to Explore the Effect of Mefloquine in Participants With Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) Terminated NCT00746941 Phase 1, Phase 2 mefloquine
12 Retrospective Study of the Survival of Patients Suffering From Hiv-related Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Completed NCT02895581
13 A Pilot Study of the Efficacy of Recombinant Alpha Interferon (IFN-A2b) and Zidovudine (AZT) in the Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) Complicating HIV-1 Infection Completed NCT00002270 Interferon alfa-2b;Zidovudine
14 A Study to Evaluate the Use of Cidofovir (an Experimental Drug) for the Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) in AIDS Patients Completed NCT00000945 Cidofovir;Probenecid
15 Genetics of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Completed NCT00342602
16 JC Virus Reactivation in Multiple Sclerosis Completed NCT02004444
17 A Study of ddI in Patients With AIDS Who Become Sicker While Taking Zidovudine Completed NCT00002274 Didanosine
18 JC Virus Antibody Study of Participants With Relapsing Forms of MS Receiving Treatment With Natalizumab Completed NCT01070836 natalizumab
19 Pharmacokinetic, Immunological and Biochemical Sample Collection and Analysis of a Tysabri Patient Cohort Completed NCT01070719
20 Analysis of Lymphocyte Cell Surface Adhesion Marker Expression in Natalizumab Population With Active Control Completed NCT01626248
21 Drug Exposure Registry for GSK2248761, an Investigational NNRTI Completed NCT01458132 GSK2248761
22 Natural History Study of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) Recruiting NCT01730131
23 Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy With Ex Vivo Generated Polyomavirus-Specific T-Cells Recruiting NCT02694783 Early Phase 1
24 Difference in Efficacy of Natalizumab Versus Fingolimod for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis Recruiting NCT01981161
25 Role of Inflammation in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) Active, not recruiting NCT01132053
26 Evaluating Nulojix (Belatacept) Long-Term Safety in Transplant Active, not recruiting NCT01386359 No Intervention
27 Tysabri Observational Cohort Study - Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Registries Not yet recruiting NCT03399981
28 Genetic Evaluation of Natalizumab-Treated Patients With Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Terminated NCT01211639

Search NIH Clinical Center for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Cochrane evidence based reviews: leukoencephalopathy, progressive multifocal

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Genetic Tests for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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Anatomical Context for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy:

38
Brain, T Cells, Liver, Kidney, Lung, B Cells, Testes
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Publications for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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Articles related to Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy:

(show top 50) (show all 677)
# Title Authors Year
1
Do we have enough evidence for recommending therapeutic plasma exchange for patients with natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy? ( 29446163 )
2018
2
Magnetic resonance imaging changes following natalizumab discontinuation in multiple sclerosis patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. ( 29343163 )
2018
3
Diagnostic and prognostic value of JC virus DNA in plasma in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. ( 29346632 )
2018
4
Nitazoxanide May Modify the Course of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. ( 29159786 )
2018
5
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the absence of immunosuppression. ( 29139004 )
2018
6
Do we have enough evidence for recommending therapeutic apheresis for natalizumab-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy patients? Comment on "Guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis in clinical practice-evidence-based approach from the Writing Committee of the American Society for apheresis: The seventh special issue." ( 29430694 )
2018
7
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. ( 29304918 )
2018
8
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: Are you aware of it? ( 29321230 )
2018
9
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after T-cell replete HLA-haploidentical transplantation with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis. ( 29359846 )
2018
10
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and hematologic malignancies: a single cancer center retrospective review. ( 29296850 )
2017
11
Posterior fossa progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: first presentation of an unknown autoimmune disease. ( 29025774 )
2017
12
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy - immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (PML-IRIS) in liver transplant recipient. ( 29055444 )
2017
13
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: Endemic Viruses and Lethal Brain Disease. ( 28637388 )
2017
14
Deep-Sequence Identification and Role in Virus Replication of a JC Virus Quasispecies in Patients with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. ( 27795410 )
2017
15
Age as a risk factor for early onset of natalizumab-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. ( 28791614 )
2017
16
Brain Susceptibility Changes in a Patient with Natalizumab-Related Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: A Longitudinal Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping and Relaxometry Study. ( 28674518 )
2017
17
Multiple sclerosis: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy risk stratification. ( 29146954 )
2017
18
A role for susceptibility weighted imaging in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. ( 28665088 )
2017
19
A prominent lactate peak as a potential key magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) feature of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML): Spectrum pattern observed in three patients. ( 28623673 )
2017
20
Diagnosis and Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Associated with Multiple Sclerosis Therapies. ( 28913726 )
2017
21
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in an immunocompetent patient. ( 28863831 )
2017
22
Late onset progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in Hodgkin lymphoma. ( 28526178 )
2017
23
Editorial: Immune Control of JC Virus Infection and Immune Failure during Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. ( 29230221 )
2017
24
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a 44-year old male with idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia treated with mirtazapine and mefloquine. ( 28879898 )
2017
25
Refractory T-Cell Anergy and Rapidly Fatal Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy After Prolonged CTLA4 Therapy. ( 28638849 )
2017
26
"Lack of knowledge is no excuse" HIV positive patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Case report from Kenya. ( 29200254 )
2017
27
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients receiving rituximab and cyclophosphamide after haplo-identical T-cell replete transplantation and review of the literature. ( 29132903 )
2017
28
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy 11A years after liver transplantation: a case report. ( 28900866 )
2017
29
The clinical utility of JC virus antibody index measurements in the context of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. ( 29068484 )
2017
30
Detectable cerebrospinal fluid JCV DNA in late-presenting HIV-positive patients: beyond progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy? ( 28681343 )
2017
31
Low-signal Intensity Rims along the Cerebral Cortex and U-fibers on Susceptibility-weighted Imaging in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. ( 28592708 )
2017
32
JC Virus-Related Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy After Living-Donor Liver Transplant: A Rare Case. ( 28800720 )
2017
33
The Risk of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in the Biologic Era: Prevention and Management. ( 27890176 )
2017
34
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. ( 29231623 )
2017
35
Insight into Metabolic (1)H-MRS Changes in Natalizumab Induced Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Brain Lesions. ( 28928709 )
2017
36
Prevention and therapy of JC polyomavirus-mediated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy - a realistic possibility? ( 29120025 )
2017
37
Corrigendum to "Is maraviroc useful in multiple sclerosis patients with natalizumab-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy?" [J. Neurol. Sci. 378 (2017) 233-237]. ( 28870565 )
2017
38
Cerebellar Involvement in an Immunocompetent Patient Presenting with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. ( 28912987 )
2017
39
Evaluation of RAG1 mutations in an adult with combined immunodeficiency and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. ( 28216420 )
2017
40
Association Between BKPyV Serotype I Antibody Level and Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. ( 28836899 )
2017
41
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with lymphoma and presumptive hyper IgE syndrome. ( 28643229 )
2017
42
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 is decreased in natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis patients at risk for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. ( 28681388 )
2017
43
To do or not to do? plasma exchange and timing of steroid administration in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. ( 29023856 )
2017
44
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Focus on Etiology. ( 27065427 )
2016
45
Cidofovir for treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a newly diagnosed sarcoidosis patient - a valid therapeutic option? ( 26944175 )
2016
46
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient without apparent immunosuppression. ( 27273076 )
2016
47
Drug-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a clinical, radiological, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis of 326 cases. ( 27401179 )
2016
48
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy masquerading as cerebellar infarction. ( 27056083 )
2016
49
Rehabilitation outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-positive patients: a report of two cases. ( 27539012 )
2016
50
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic literature review. ( 26743322 )
2016
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Variations for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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Expression for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.
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Pathways for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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Pathways related to Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 29)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Akt Signaling 60
Show member pathways
 13.21 BAX CD40LG IL2 ITGA4 STAT1 TNF
2
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway 36
Show member pathways
 12.76 BAX IL2 ITGA4 STAT1 TNF
3
Allograft rejection 1 36
Show member pathways
 12.54 CD40LG IL2 ITGA4 STAT1 TNF
4
Immune response IL-23 signaling pathway 21
Show member pathways
 12.4 BAX IL2 STAT1 TNF
5
T cell receptor signaling pathway 36
Show member pathways
 12.19 CD40LG IL2 PDCD1 TNF
6
Apoptosis and Autophagy 4
12.08 BAX CD40LG TNF
7
Tuberculosis 36
12.06 BAX STAT1 TNF
8
Necroptosis 36
Show member pathways
 12.05 BAX STAT1 TNF
9
Colorectal Cancer Metastasis 60
12.02 BAX STAT1 TNF
10
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways 1
12.01 HTR2A MECP2 TNF
11
Immune response IFN alpha/beta signaling pathway 21
Show member pathways
 11.98 IL2 STAT1 TNF
12
Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) 36
11.95 CD40LG ITGA4 PDCD1
13
Toxoplasmosis 36
Show member pathways
 11.89 CD40LG ITGA4 STAT1 TNF
14
NF-kappaB Signaling 4
11.87 CD40LG IL2 PDCD1 STAT1 TNF
15
MAPK Pathway 68
Show member pathways
 11.86 IL2 ITGA4 STAT1
16
Spinal Cord Injury 1
11.83 IL2 MBP TNF
17
IL27-mediated signaling events 1
Show member pathways
 11.75 IL2 STAT1 TNF
18
AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications 36
11.72 BAX STAT1 TNF
19
Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network 1
11.61 BAX IL2 STAT1
20
Innate Lymphoid Cell Differentiation Pathways 61
11.59 IL2 ITGA4 TNF
21
Calcineurin-regulated NFAT-dependent transcription in lymphocytes 1
Show member pathways
 11.55 CD40LG IL2 TNF
22
Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling 1
Show member pathways
 11.41 CD40LG IL2 TNF
23
Photodynamic therapy-induced AP-1 survival signaling. 1
11.25 BAX IL2 TNF
24
Cytokines and Inflammatory Response 1
11.12 IL2 TNF
25
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Pathway 1
11.11 BAX IL2 TNF
26
Overview of nanoparticle effects 1
10.88 BAX TNF
27
G-protein signaling_Rap2B regulation pathway 21
10.76 BAX CD40LG IL2 ITGA4 TNF
28
IgA-Producing B Cells in the Intestine 61
10.74 CD40LG ITGA4 PDCD1 TNF
29
G-protein signaling_RhoB regulation pathway 21
10.69 BAX CD40LG IL2 TNF
Sources

GO Terms for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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Cellular components related to Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 intracellular GO:0005622 9.1 BAX CD40LG IL2 MBP PNP TNF

Biological processes related to Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 positive regulation of cell proliferation GO:0008284 9.76 HTR2A IL2 MECP2 STAT1
2 tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway GO:0033209 9.54 CD40LG STAT1 TNF
3 cellular response to cytokine stimulus GO:0071345 9.43 ITGA4 STAT1
4 leukocyte cell-cell adhesion GO:0007159 9.4 CD40LG ITGA4
5 positive regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0042102 9.33 CD40LG IL2 PNP
6 leukocyte tethering or rolling GO:0050901 9.32 ITGA4 TNF
7 response to salt stress GO:0009651 9.26 BAX TNF
8 immune response GO:0006955 9.02 CD40LG IL2 MBP PNP TNF
9 regulation of immunoglobulin secretion GO:0051023 8.96 CD40LG TNF

Molecular functions related to Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 tumor necrosis factor receptor binding GO:0005164 8.8 CD40LG STAT1 TNF
Sources

Sources for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
16 ExPASy
18 FMA
27 GO
28 GTR
29 HGMD
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 MedGen
41 MeSH
42 MESH via Orphanet
43 MGI
45 NCI
46 NCIt
47 NDF-RT
50 NINDS
51 Novoseek
53 OMIM
54 OMIM via Orphanet
58 PubMed
60 QIAGEN
65 SNOMED-CT via HPO
66 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
67 TGDB
68 Tocris
69 UMLS
70 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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