Refractive Error disease: drugs, articles, genes, clinical trials

Summaries for Refractive Error

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²³MedlinePlus, ⁴⁴Wikipedia, ²²MalaCards
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MedlinePlus: Your cornea is the clear front part of your eye. it is like a window that controls and focuses the light coming into the eye. if your cornea has an irregular shape, the light does not focus properly. everything looks blurry. this is a refractive error. four common refractive errors are myopia, or nearsightedness - clear vision close up but blurry in the distance hyperopia, or farsightedness - clear vision in the distance but blurry close up presbyopia - inability to focus close up as a result of aging astigmatism - focus problems caused by the cornea glasses or contact lenses can usually correct refractive errors. laser eye surgery may also be a possibility. nih: national eye institute²³

MalaCards: Refractive Error, also known as refractive errors, is related to myopia 15 and squamous cell carcinoma. An important gene associated with Refractive Error is FMOD (fibromodulin), and among its related pathways are Actin-Based Motility by Rho Family GTPases and ERK5 Signaling. The compounds egcg and n-isobutyl-n-[4-methoxyphenylsulfonyl]glycyl hydroxamic acid have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Related mouse phenotypes are respiratory system and immune system.

Wikipedia: A refractive error, or refraction error, is an error in the focusing of light by the eye and a frequent...⁴⁴ more...

Aliases & Descriptions for Refractive Error

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Sources:
⁶Disease Ontology, ³²Novoseek , ²³MedlinePlus, ⁴³UMLS, ⁴⁰SNOMED-CT, ²⁷NCIt, ²⁴MeSH
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Aliases & Descriptions:

refractive error ⁶

refractive errors ³² ²³ ⁴³

eye refraction disorder ⁶

disorder of refraction ⁶

External Ids:

NCIt²⁷ C87145

SNOMED-CT⁴⁰ 267723000, 314027003, 21324001 39021009, more

MeSH²⁴ D012030

UMLS⁴³ C0034951

Related Diseases for Refractive Error

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¹³GeneCards, ¹⁴GeneDecks
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Diseases related to refractive error by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 287)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	myopia 15	30.5	GOLGA8B, GJD2, ACTC1
2	squamous cell carcinoma	13.4	MMP10, MMP12, MMP7
3	malignant ovarian cyst	13.3	MMP1, MMP13, MMP8
4	serous cystadenocarcinoma	13.2	MMP14, MMP2
5	carotid artery disease	13.2	MMP1, MMP7, MMP8
6	superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis	13.1	MMP1, MMP3
7	keratoacanthoma	13.1	MMP1, MMP10, MMP13, MMP7
8	dermatitis herpetiformis	13.1	MMP12, MMP3, MMP7
9	aggressive periodontitis	13.1	MMP1, MMP8
10	thoracic aortic aneurysm	13.0	MMP1, MMP2
11	neurofibroma	13.0	MMP13, MET, NF2, ACTC1
12	malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor	13.0	MMP13, MET, NF2, ACTC1
13	hemangiopericytoma	13.0	MMP3, NF2, ACTC1
14	epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica	12.9	MMP1, MMP3
15	metaphyseal anadysplasia	12.9	MMP13, MMP9
16	gastric cardia adenocarcinoma	12.9	MMP12, MMP13, MMP2, MET
17	intraocular melanoma	12.9	MMP2, MET, TIMP3
18	cystadenocarcinoma	12.9	MMP14, MMP2, ACTC1
19	congenital heart defect	12.9	VIP, RHO, ACTC1, TIMP3, TIMP4
20	follicular adenoma	12.9	MMP1, MMP14, MET
21	cadasil	12.8	VIP, MMP12, MMP13, MMP7, MMP8
22	corneal neovascularization	12.8	MMP2, TIMP2, TIMP4
23	benign tumors	12.8	MMP13, MMP14, MET, NF2, ACTC1
24	epidermolysis bullosa	12.8	MMP1, MMP10, MMP13, MMP3
25	gingival hypertrophy	12.7	MMP3, TIMP2
26	arthritis	12.7	VIP, MMP3, TIMP1
27	chronic ulcer of skin	12.7	MMP1, MMP13, MMP8, TIMP2
28	pancreatic ductal carcinoma	12.7	MMP13, MMP14, MET, ACTC1
29	basal cell carcinoma	12.7	MMP1, MMP12, MMP13, MMP3, ACTC1
30	keloids	12.6	MMP1, MMP13, MMP8, TIMP2
31	lymphangioleiomyomatosis	12.6	MMP1, MMP14, MMP2, ACTC1, TIMP3
32	actinic keratosis	12.6	MMP1, MMP2, MMP3
33	aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma	12.6	MMP14, MMP7, MET, TIMP2
34	salivary gland cancer	12.6	MMP13, MMP9, MET
35	leiomyosarcoma	12.6	MMP1, MMP2, MET, ACTC1
36	lentigo maligna melanoma	12.6	MMP2, MMP9
37	klatskin's tumor	12.5	MMP14, MMP2, MMP9
38	osteoarthritis susceptibility 6	12.5	MMP1, MMP13, MMP3, TIMP1
39	ectopic pregnancy	12.5	MMP1, MMP7, TIMP2
40	keratosis	12.5	MMP1, MMP12, MMP2, MMP3
41	proliferative vitreoretinopathy	12.5	MET, TIMP1, TIMP2
42	hyper-ige syndrome	12.4	MMP3, MMP8, MMP9
43	lung giant cell carcinoma	12.4	MMP2, TIMP1, TIMP2
44	hepatocellular carcinoma (fibrolamellar variant)	12.4	MMP2, MMP9, MET
45	anaplastic meningioma	12.4	MMP2, MMP9, NF2
46	arteriovenous malformation	12.4	MMP12, MMP3, MMP9, TIMP4
47	odontogenic myxoma	12.4	MMP1, MMP2, MMP9
48	giant cell tumor	12.4	MMP13, MMP9, MET, ACTC1
49	diastolic heart failure	12.4	MMP1, MMP2, MMP9
50	cerebral palsy	12.4	MMP1, MMP3, MMP8, TIMP1

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to refractive error:

$Graphical network of diseases related to refractive error$

Clinical Features for Refractive Error

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Refractive Error

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⁴CenterWatch, ²⁹NIH Clinical Center, ⁵ClinicalTrials, ⁴³UMLS, ²⁸NDF-RT
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Approved drugs:

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Drug clinical trials:

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Search NIH Clinical Center for refractive error

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Genetic Tests for Refractive Error

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Anatomical Context for Refractive Error

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Phenotypes for genes affiliated with Refractive Error

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²⁵MGI
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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to refractive error:

²⁵

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	respiratory system phenotype	MP:0005388	10.2	NF2
2	immune system phenotype	MP:0005387	7.9	EIF2AK3, NF2, FMOD, MMP8, MMP7, MMP3
3	tumorigenesis	MP:0002006	7.6	NF2, MET, MMP9, MMP8, MMP7, MMP2
4	vision/eye phenotype	MP:0005391	7.6	TIMP3, RHO, NF2, GJD2, MET, FMOD
5	skeleton phenotype	MP:0005390	6.9	EIF2AK3, NF2, FMOD, MMP9, MMP3, MMP2
6	cardiovascular system phenotype	MP:0005385	6.3	MET, RHO, ACTC1, TIMP1, TIMP3, TIMP4
7	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	4.6	VIP, TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, ACTC1

Publications for genes affiliated with Refractive Error

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³⁵PubMed
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Articles related to refractive error:

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	A genome-wide association study identifies a suscepti bility locus for refractive errors and myopia at 15q14. (20835239)	Solouki A.M.... Klaver C.C.	2010	ACTC1, GJD2, GOLGA8B
2	Association of matrix metalloproteinase gene polymorp hisms with refractive error in Amish and Ashkenazi families. (20484597)	Wojciechowski R.... Stambolian D.	2010	MMP3, MMP2, MMP7
3	The hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET) gene is n ot associated with refractive error and ocular biometrics in a Caucasian popula tion. (20011629)	Schache M.... Baird P.N.	2009	MET
4	cMET and refractive error progression in children. (19500853)	Khor C.C.... Saw S.M.	2009	MET
5	Refractive errors in neurofibromatosis type 1 and type 2. (17202204)	Akinci A.... Degerliyurt A.	2007	NF2
6	The biological basis of myopic refractive error. (14558849)	Morgan I.G.	2003	VIP

Genes related to Refractive Error

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¹³GeneCards
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Genes related to refractive error according to GeneCards:

(show all 29)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	FMOD	fibromodulin	11.0
2	RHO	rhodopsin	11.0
3	MMP27	matrix metallopeptidase 27	11.0	Publications
4	GJD2	gap junction protein, delta 2, 36kDa	11.0	Publications
5	TIMP4	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 4	11.0	Publications
6	GOLGA8B	golgin A8 family, member B	11.0	Publications
7	MMP20	matrix metallopeptidase 20	11.0	Publications
8	MMP10	matrix metallopeptidase 10 (stromelysin 2)	11.0	Publications
9	TUBB3	tubulin, beta 3 class III	11.0
10	MMP8	matrix metallopeptidase 8 (neutrophil collagenase)	11.0	Publications
11	MMP7	matrix metallopeptidase 7 (matrilysin, uterine)	11.0	Publications
12	ZNF644	zinc finger protein 644	11.0
13	TIMP3	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 3	11.0	Publications
14	ACTC1	actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1	11.0	Publications
15	MMP12	matrix metallopeptidase 12 (macrophage elastase)	11.0	Publications
16	MMP13	matrix metallopeptidase 13 (collagenase 3)	11.0	Publications
17	NF2	neurofibromin 2 (merlin)	11.0	Publications
18	SPSB1	splA/ryanodine receptor domain and SOCS box containing 1	11.0
19	EIF2AK3	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3	11.0
20	MMP14	matrix metallopeptidase 14 (membrane-inserted)	11.0	Publications
21	VIP	vasoactive intestinal peptide	11.0	Publications
22	ZAP70	zeta-chain (TCR) associated protein kinase 70kDa	11.0
23	MET	met proto-oncogene (hepatocyte growth factor receptor)	11.0	Publications
24	MMP1	matrix metallopeptidase 1 (interstitial collagenase)	11.0	Publications
25	TIMP2	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2	11.0	Publications
26	MMP2	matrix metallopeptidase 2 (gelatinase A, 72kDa gelatinase, 72kDa type IV collagenase)	11.0	Publications
27	MMP3	matrix metallopeptidase 3 (stromelysin 1, progelatinase)	11.0	Publications
28	TIMP1	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	11.0	Publications
29	MMP9	matrix metallopeptidase 9 (gelatinase B, 92kDa gelatinase, 92kDa type IV collagenase)	11.0	Publications

Expression for genes affiliated with Refractive Error

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¹BioGPS
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$Expression patterns in normal tissues for genes affiliated with Refractive Error$

Pathways for genes affiliated with Refractive Error

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³⁶QIAGEN, ³Cell Signaling Technology, ¹⁰EMD Millipore, ⁴¹Thomson Reuters, ²⁰KEGG, ³⁸Reactome
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Pathways related to refractive error according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50) (show all 56)

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Actin-Based Motility by Rho Family GTPases³⁶	10.6	TIMP4
2	ERK5 Signaling³⁶	10.1	MET, TIMP3, TIMP4
3	CREB Pathway³⁶	10.0	TIMP3, TIMP4
4	Protein Stability³	9.9	TIMP1, TIMP3
5	PTEN Pathway³⁶	9.7	MET, TIMP3, TIMP4
6	IP3 Pathway³⁶	9.3	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, MET, ZAP70
7	Cell adhesion Cell-matrix glycoconjugates¹⁰	8.9	TIMP2, MMP9, MMP3, MMP1
8	Cell adhesion_Cell-matrix glycoconjugates⁴¹	8.9	TIMP2, MMP9, MMP3, MMP1
9	Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts³⁶	8.9	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
10	p53 Mediated Apoptosis³⁶	8.8	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
11	Telomerase Components in Cell Signaling³⁶	8.8	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
12	Mitochondrial Apoptosis³⁶	8.8	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
13	NF-KappaB (p50-p65) Pathway³⁶	8.8	MET, TIMP1, TIMP2, TIMP3, TIMP4
14	DHA Signaling³⁶	8.8	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
15	Cellular Apoptosis Pathway³⁶	8.8	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
16	PPAR Pathway³⁶	8.8	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
17	Immune response_Oncostatin M signaling via MAPK in human cells⁴¹	8.8	TIMP1, MMP3, MMP13, MMP1
18	Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via MAPK in human cells¹⁰	8.8	TIMP1, MMP3, MMP13, MMP1
19	Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency³⁶	8.8	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
20	Nuclear Receptor Activation by Vitamin-A³⁶	8.8	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
21	Rac1 Pathway³⁶	8.8	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
22	p70S6K Signaling³⁶	8.7	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
23	Colorectal Cancer Metastasis³⁶	8.7	MMP9, MMP7, MMP2, MMP14, MMP12, MMP1
24	Bladder cancer²⁰	8.7	MMP9, MMP2, MMP1
25	Activation of PKC through GPCR³⁶	8.7	MET, TIMP1, TIMP2, TIMP3, TIMP4
26	Paxillin Interactions³⁶	8.7	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
27	Renin-Angiotensin Pathway³⁶	8.7	MET, TIMP1, TIMP2, TIMP3, TIMP4
28	eNOS Signaling³⁶	8.7	TIMP4, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
29	Rap1 Pathway³⁶	8.7	ZAP70, TIMP1, TIMP2, TIMP3, TIMP4
30	Epithelial Adherens Junctions³⁶	8.7	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, TUBB3, MET
31	14-3-3 Induced Intracellular Signaling³⁶	8.7	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
32	Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1³⁶	8.6	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, TUBB3, MET
33	TGF-Beta Pathway³⁶	8.6	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
34	eIF2 Pathway³⁶	8.6	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, EIF2AK3, MET
35	GSK3 Signaling³⁶	8.5	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, EIF2AK3, MET
36	NF-KappaB Family Pathway³⁶	8.5	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET, ZAP70
37	Ras Pathway³⁶	8.5	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET
38	NFAT in Immune Response³⁶	8.5	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET, ZAP70
39	Phospholipase-C Pathway³⁶	8.4	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET, ZAP70
40	p38 Signaling³⁶	8.2	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET, ZAP70
41	Glioma Invasiveness³⁶	8.2	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MMP9, MMP2
42	Angiogenesis³	8.2	TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MMP9, MMP7, MMP2
43	UPA-UPAR Pathway³⁶	7.5	MMP1, MMP9, MMP10, MMP12, MMP13, MMP2
44	Transendothelial Migration of Leukocytes³⁶	7.5	MMP9, MMP8, MMP7, MMP3, MMP27, MMP20
45	Metalloproteases in connective tissue degradation¹⁰	7.2	MMP14, MMP2, MMP20, MMP3, MMP7, MMP8
46	Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinases³⁸	6.5	MMP10, MMP13, MMP14, MMP2, MMP3, MMP7
47	Cell adhesion ECM remodeling¹⁰	6.2	MMP10, TIMP3, MMP12, MMP13, MMP14, MMP2
48	Cell adhesion_ECM remodeling⁴¹	6.2	MMP10, MMP12, MMP13, MMP14, MMP2, MMP3
49	Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases³⁶	5.6	MMP1, MMP10, MMP12, MMP13, MMP14, MMP2
50	Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma³⁶	5.5	MMP1, TIMP1, TIMP2, TIMP3, TIMP4, MET

Compounds for genes affiliated with Refractive Error

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³²Novoseek , ⁹DrugBank, ⁴²Tocris Bioscience, ¹⁸HMDB, ³⁴PharmGKB
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Compounds related to refractive error according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50) (show all 141)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	egcg³²	9.6	TIMP2, TIMP1
2	n-isobutyl-n-[4-methoxyphenylsulfonyl]glycyl hydroxamic acid³² ⁹ ⁹	11.6	MMP10, MMP20, MMP12, MMP3
3	glycosaminoglycan³²	9.5	MMP13, MMP8, FMOD, MET, ACTC1, TIMP3
4	progesterone³² ⁴² ⁹ ¹⁸ ⁹	13.3	NF2, ACTC1, MMP14, MMP7, MMP8, MET
5	prinomastat³²	8.9	MMP1, MMP9, MMP2, MMP14
6	cp 471474⁴²	8.8	MMP10, MMP9, MMP27, MMP2, MMP14, MMP13
7	aprotinin³² ⁹ ⁹	10.7	TIMP2, MMP13, MMP9, MMP2, VIP
8	ilomastat³²	8.5	MMP1, MMP2, MMP9, MMP3, MMP14
9	tetracycline³² ⁹ ⁹	10.5	MMP14, MMP13, MMP2, MMP8, MMP9, RHO
10	methyl selenol³²	8.4	TIMP2, TIMP1, MMP9, MMP2
11	pd 166793⁴²	8.0	MMP1, MMP20, MMP14, MMP12, MMP10, MMP27
12	ono 4817⁴²	8.0	MMP9, MMP8, MMP7, MMP3, MMP20, MMP14
13	ly294002³²	7.8	MMP9, TIMP1, MMP14, MMP2, TIMP2, TIMP3
14	hydroxyproline³² ¹⁸	8.7	MMP13, MMP9, TIMP1, TIMP2, MMP1, MMP2
15	tgf beta1³²	7.7	MMP3, MMP2, MMP14, MMP13, MMP1, TIMP3
16	alendronate³² ⁹ ⁹	9.6	MMP1, MMP13, MMP2, MMP3, MMP8, TIMP1
17	pioglitazone³² ⁹ ⁹	9.6	TIMP1, TIMP2, MMP9, MMP7, MMP2, MMP1
18	latanoprost³² ⁹ ⁹	9.5	TIMP2, TIMP1, MMP9, MMP1, MMP2, MMP3
19	oligonucleotide³²	7.5	MMP12, MMP14, MMP7, MMP8, MET, TIMP2
20	doxycycline³² ⁹ ⁹	9.5	MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, MMP8, MMP13, MMP1
21	prostaglandin³²	7.3	TIMP1, MMP9, MMP7, VIP, MMP13, MMP1
22	oxygen³² ¹⁸	8.3	TIMP3, ACTC1, EIF2AK3, MET, MMP8, MMP7
23	herbimycin a³² ⁴²	8.1	MMP14, TIMP2, TIMP1, MET, MMP2, MMP1
24	p002³²	7.1	MMP3, MET, TIMP2, TIMP1, MMP9, MMP8
25	procollagen³²	7.1	MMP1, MMP13, MMP14, MMP2, MMP3, TIMP1
26	hyaluronic acid³² ¹⁸	8.1	MMP13, MMP1, TIMP2, TIMP1, FMOD, MMP9
27	12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate³²	7.0	MMP10, MMP13, MMP14, MMP2, MMP9, TIMP1
28	curcumin³²	6.9	TIMP1, MMP9, MMP1, MMP3, MMP2, MMP13
29	cytochalasin d³² ⁴²	7.9	MMP2, MMP14, MMP1, NF2, MMP9, TIMP1
30	1,10-phenanthroline³²	6.9	TIMP3, TIMP4, MMP1, MMP14, MMP2, MMP3
31	(4-aminophenyl)mercuric acetate³²	6.8	MMP8, MMP7, MMP3, MMP2, MMP13, MMP10
32	cysteine³²	6.5	MMP13, MMP1, MMP2, MMP7, MMP8, MMP9
33	hydroxamate³²	6.4	TIMP2, TIMP4, MMP1, MMP12, TIMP1, MMP14
34	marimastat³² ⁴² ⁹ ⁹	9.4	TIMP1, MMP14, MMP2, MMP1, MMP10, MMP12
35	dexamethasone³² ⁴² ³⁴ ⁹ ⁹	10.3	VIP, MMP1, MMP12, MMP13, MMP14, MMP3
36	pge2³²	6.3	MMP9, MMP8, MMP13, MMP3, MMP2, MET
37	lactate³²	6.2	MMP1, TIMP2, TIMP1, MMP8, MMP3, MMP2
38	ribonucleic acid³²	6.0	MMP7, MMP3, MMP14, MMP13, MMP1, MMP2
39	pd 98,059³²	5.8	TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, EIF2AK3, MET, MMP9
40	paraffin³²	5.7	MMP2, MMP3, MMP7, MMP9, MET, NF2
41	retinoic acid³² ⁴² ¹⁸	7.7	MMP13, TIMP3, MMP3, MMP2, MMP1, TIMP2
42	batimastat³² ⁴² ⁹ ⁹	8.7	TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1, MMP9, MMP7, MMP3
43	genistein³² ⁹ ¹⁸ ⁹	8.6	MET, MMP3, MMP2, MMP14, MMP13, MMP12
44	matrigel³²	5.6	MMP1, MMP7, MMP9, TIMP1, TIMP2, MMP3
45	alanine³²	5.6	MET, EIF2AK3, TIMP2, TIMP1, RHO, VIP
46	estrogen³²	5.0	TUBB3, EIF2AK3, VIP, MMP1, MMP13, TIMP3
47	vegf³²	5.0	VIP, MMP1, MMP10, MMP12, MMP13, MMP14
48	calcium³² ⁹ ¹⁸ ⁹	7.7	TIMP3, MMP13, MMP12, MMP10, MMP1, ZAP70
49	tyrosine³²	4.5	TIMP1, ACTC1, TIMP2, EIF2AK3, NF2, TUBB3
50	serine³²	4.2	ZAP70, TIMP2, TIMP1, MMP1, MMP10, MMP12

GO Terms for genes affiliated with Refractive Error

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¹²Gene Ontology
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Cellular components related to refractive error according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	extracellular space	GO:005615	7.2	MET, FMOD, MMP9, MMP8, MMP7, MMP3
2	proteinaceous extracellular matrix	GO:005578	6.8	MMP1, FMOD, MMP9, MMP8, MMP7, MMP3
3	extracellular region	GO:005576	INF	MMP8, MMP9, FMOD, TIMP1, TIMP2, TIMP4

Biological processes related to refractive error according to GeneDecks:

(show all 7)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	negative regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis	GO:051045	9.1	TIMP1, TIMP3
2	response to drug	GO:042493	9.0	MMP7, MMP9, MET, ACTC1, TIMP4
3	collagen catabolic process	GO:030574	7.6	MMP9, MMP1, MMP10, MMP13, MMP2, MMP27
4	proteolysis	GO:006508	6.8	MMP9, MMP8, MMP7, MMP3, MMP27, MMP20
5	extracellular matrix organization	GO:030198	6.1	MMP7, MMP8, MMP9, TIMP1, TIMP2, MMP3
6	extracellular matrix disassembly	GO:022617	6.1	MMP1, MMP10, MMP13, MMP14, MMP2, MMP3
7	ossification	GO:001503	INF	EIF2AK3, MMP9, MMP8,

Molecular functions related to refractive error according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity	GO:008191	8.7	TIMP4, TIMP3, TIMP2, TIMP1
2	calcium ion binding	GO:005509	7.7	MMP8, MMP3, MMP27, MMP20, MMP14, MMP13
3	metalloendopeptidase activity	GO:004222	6.8	MMP1, MMP9, MMP8, MMP7, MMP3, MMP27
4	zinc ion binding	GO:008270	6.6	MMP20, MMP27, MMP3, MMP7, MMP8, MMP2