Seizures malady

MedlinePlus: Seizures are symptoms of a brain problem. they happen because of sudden, abnormal electrical activity in the brain. when people think of seizures, they often think of convulsions in which a person's body shakes rapidly and uncontrollably. not all seizures cause convulsions. there are many types of seizures and some have mild symptoms. seizures fall into two main groups. focal seizures, also called partial seizures, happen in just one part of the brain. generalized seizures are a result of abnormal activity on both sides of the brain. most seizures last from 30 seconds to 2 minutes and do not cause lasting harm. however, it is a medical emergency if seizures last longer than 5 minutes or if a person has many seizures and does not wake up between them. seizures can have many causes, including medicines, high fevers, head injuries and certain diseases. people who have recurring seizures due to a brain disorder have epilepsy. nih: national institute of neurological disorders and stroke²³

MalaCards: Seizures is related to neuronitis and cerebritis. An important gene associated with Seizures is SEZ6L2 (seizure related 6 homolog (mouse)-like 2), and among its related pathways are Neuronal System and Neuroscience. The compounds butyrate and actinomycin d have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, skin and liver, and related mouse phenotypes are cardiovascular system and behavior/neurological.

Wikipedia: An epileptic seizure, occasionally referred to as a fit, is defined as a transient symptom of \"abnormal...⁴⁴ more...

seizures 7 17 23

Diseases related to seizures by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 1226)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	neuronitis	64.7	PIK3C2A, NCDN, PDCD10, CNP, CNR1, CNTF
2	cerebritis	49.2	PIK3C2A, PDCD10, CNP, CNR1, CNTF, CNTNAP2
3	alzheimer's disease	42.0	CNP, CNR1, CNTF, KITLG, SEZ6L2, SERPINI1
4	schizophrenia	40.9	CNP, CNR1, CNTF, CNTNAP2, SERPINI1, VLDLR
5	temporal lobe epilepsy	40.4	CNP, CNR1, BDNF, BCL2L11, KCND2, KCNJ10
6	ataxia	40.3	BTD, SERPINI1, VLDLR, VIM, VIP, NAT8L
7	ischemia	40.1	PIK3C2A, CNR1, CNTF, KITLG, SERPINI1, VIM
8	febrile seizures	39.0	KCNA1, KCNQ2, KCNQ3, SCN1B, SCN1A, LGI1
9	hepatitis	38.9	PIGA, PIK3C2A, CNR1, CNTF, CNTNAP2, KITLG
10	convulsions	38.2	PIK3C2A, PCDH19, BDNF, SDHB, KCNA1, KCNQ2
11	generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus	36.9	KCNA1, KCNQ2, KCNQ3, SCN1B, SCN1A, LGI1
12	multiple sclerosis	36.8	CNP, CNR1, CNTF, KITLG, BTD, SERPINI1
13	hypertension	36.6	PIK3C2A, CNP, CNR1, CNTNAP2, VIP, VEGFA
14	status epilepticus	36.6	CNP, CNR1, CNTF, SERPINI1, BDNF, SCN1A
15	absence epilepsy	36.3	SGCZ, CLCN2, KCNK9, SCN1B, CHRNA4, MTMR9
16	hypoxia	36.1	PIK3C2A, KITLG, VLDLR, VIP, VEGFA, BID
17	obesity	36.1	PIK3C2A, CNR1, CNTF, VIP, VEGFA, PARK2
18	seizure disorder	35.8	SEZ6L2, VIP, KCNQ2, SCN2A, SCN1A, QPRT
19	retinitis	35.5	PIGA, PIK3C2A, PDCD10, CNR1, CNTF, KITLG
20	epilepsy syndrome	35.4	CNTNAP2, PCDH19, CLN5, CLCN2, CLN3, KCNAB1
21	dementia	35.4	PIK3C2A, SERPINI1, VLDLR, VIP, VEGFA, CLN5
22	alcoholism	35.4	CNR1, LBR, ARSA, GRIN1, GRIN2B, IL1RN
23	hypotonia	35.4	PIGN, PIGV, BTD, PAX6, UNC13D, KCNK9
24	brain injury	35.3	CNR1, SERPINI1, VEGFA, RABEP2, PARP1, BDNF
25	neuropathy	35.3	PIK3C2A, CNR1, CNTF, BTD, VIM, VIP
26	microcephaly	35.0	SEPSECS, NAT8L, PAFAH1B1, PAX6, UBE3A, L1CAM
27	encephalitis	34.9	CNP, CNR1, CNTF, CNTNAP2, VEGFA, BDNF
28	alcohol dependence	34.7	CNR1, PAX6, BDNF, KCNJ6, LBR, MTHFR
29	juvenile myoclonic epilepsy	34.0	KCNA1, SCN1A, CHRNA4, GRM4, EFHC1, GABBR1
30	lupus erythematosus	34.0	PIK3C2A, CNTF, SEZ6L2, VIP, VEGFA, PARP1
31	diabetes mellitus	33.6	PIK3C2A, CNR1, BTD, VEGFA, PARP1, PAX6
32	traumatic brain injury	33.5	SERPINI1, VEGFA, PARP1, BDNF, SCN8A, BBC3
33	myoclonus	33.5	SERPINI1, CLN5, CLN3, PARK2, SDHB, SCN2A
34	west syndrome	33.4	CDKL5, FLNA, ARX, MECP2, IL1RN, SPTAN1
35	neurologic diseases	33.4	CNTF, PARP1, SCN8A, UBE3A, MT-ND5, ATP1A2
36	childhood absence epilepsy	33.2	CLCN2, KCNK9, CHRNA4, JRK, GRIK1, CACNA1H
37	herpes simplex	33.1	VIM, VEGFA, BID, PARK2, BDNF, UNC93B1
38	myopathy	33.1	PIK3C2A, BTD, VIM, PARK2, BDNF, SDHB
39	cadasil	32.9	CNR1, CNTF, SERPINI1, VIP, KCNMA1, CHAT
40	bipolar disorder	32.9	CNR1, CNTNAP2, VIP, BDNF, KCNQ2, SCN8A
41	benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures	32.6	KCNA1, KCNQ2, KCNQ3, SCN1B, SCN1A, CHRNA4
42	tuberous sclerosis	32.5	VIM, VEGFA, YWHAB, MTOR, S100B, CDKN3
43	intellectual disability	32.1	PIGV, CNTNAP2, PCDH19, RABEP2, CLN5, CLN8
44	dravet syndrome	32.1	PCDH19, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN9A, SCN1A, GABRG2
45	early myoclonic encephalopathy	32.1	SCN1A, CDKL5, ARX, CSTB, EPM2A
46	rett syndrome	31.9	VIP, PARK2, BDNF, CHAT, UBE3A, MT-CO1
47	cerebellar ataxia	31.9	VLDLR, PAX6, KCNA1, SCN8A, SCN1A, FMR1
48	idiopathic generalized epilepsy	31.9	KCNQ2, KCNQ3, SCN1A, LGI1, CHRNA4, ALDH5A1
49	autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy	31.8	KCNA1, KCNQ2, KCNQ3, SCN1B, SCN1A, CHRNB2
50	glaucoma	31.7	CNR1, CNTF, VEGFA, PAFAH1B1, PARP1, PAX6

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

MalaCards organs/tissues related to seizures:

²²

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to seizures:

²⁵ (show all 29)

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cardiovascular system phenotype	MP:0005385	INF	PDCD10, KITLG, , VIM, VEGFA, BID
2	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	INF	, NCDN, PDCD10, CNP, CNR1, CNTF
3	skeleton phenotype	MP:0005390	INF	, NCDN, CNP, CNR1, KITLG,
4	normal phenotype	MP:0002873	INF	PDCD10, SEZ6, SEZ6L2, VIP, VEGFA, PAX6
5	tumorigenesis	MP:0002006	INF	, PDCD10, KITLG, , PAX6, MT2A
6	craniofacial phenotype	MP:0005382	INF	, PDCD10, KITLG, , PAX6, BDNF
7	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	INF	, PIK3C2A, NCDN, PDCD10, CNP, CNR1
8	cellular phenotype	MP:0005384	INF	, PDCD10, CNR1, CNTF, CNTNAP2, KITLG
9	endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype	MP:0005379	INF	NCDN, CNP, , VGF, , PAFAH1B1
10	hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype	MP:0005377	INF	KITLG, PARP1, PAX6, PANX1, BDNF, BCL2L11
11	embryogenesis phenotype	MP:0005380	INF	, NCDN, PDCD10, , VIM, PARP1
12	immune system phenotype	MP:0005387	INF	PDCD10, CNP, CNTF, VIM, CLIC4,
13	reproductive system phenotype	MP:0005389	INF	, CNP, VIP, VGF, VEGFA, CLIC4
14	respiratory system phenotype	MP:0005388	INF	CNP, BID, PARK2, PAX6, PANX1, BDNF
15	adipose tissue phenotype	MP:0005375	INF	PIK3C2A, CNR1, , VGF, LGI1, LBR
16	digestive/alimentary phenotype	MP:0005381	INF	, CNP, KITLG, VEGFA, , PAX6
17	muscle phenotype	MP:0005369	INF	PDCD10, CNP, CNTF, BTD, VIM, VEGFA
18	vision/eye phenotype	MP:0005391	INF	NCDN, PDCD10, CNP, KITLG, BTD,
19	integument phenotype	MP:0010771	INF	, PDCD10, CNR1, CNTNAP2, KITLG, BTD
20	renal/urinary system phenotype	MP:0005367	INF	, BTD, PAX6, BCL2L11, ,
21	no phenotypic analysis	MP:0003012	INF	CNR1, VEGFA, CLN3, PARP1, BDNF,
22	liver/biliary system phenotype	MP:0005370	INF	VEGFA, BID, CLN3, , MT2A,
23	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	INF	PIK3C2A, CNP, CNR1, CNTF, KITLG,
24	other phenotype	MP:0005395	INF	CNR1, CD40LG, , APOE, APP, ANKH
25	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	INF	, NCDN, PDCD10, CNP, CNR1, CNTF
26	pigmentation phenotype	MP:0001186	INF	KITLG, BTD, , , , PAX6
27	hematopoietic system phenotype	MP:0005397	INF	, PDCD10, CNTF, BID, BCL2L11,
28	growth/size phenotype	MP:0005378	INF	, PIK3C2A, PDCD10, CNP, CNR1, CNTNAP2
29	taste/olfaction phenotype	MP:0005394	INF	CNR1, CNTNAP2, PAX6, BDNF, SCN7A, ENO2

Articles related to seizures:

(show top 50)    (show all 597)

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	Genotype-phenotype correlations in a group of 15 SCN1A-mutated Italian patients with GEFS+ spectrum (seizures plus, classical and borderline severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy). (20729507)	Nicita F.... Iannetti P.	2010	SCN1A
2	UBE2A deficiency syndrome: Mild to severe intellectua l disability accompanied by seizures, absent speech, urogenital, and skin anoma lies in male patients. (21108393)	de Leeuw N.... de Brouwer A.P.	2010	UBE2A
3	Decreased serum BDNF levels in patients with epilepti c and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. (20921514)	LaFrance W.C.... Blum A.S.	2010	BDNF
4	Hippocampal seizures alter the expression of the pann exin and connexin transcriptome. (19840216)	Mylvaganam S.... Poulter M.O.	2010	PANX1, PANX2
5	Identification of BERP (brain-expressed RING finger p rotein) as a p53 target gene that modulates seizure susceptibility through inte racting with GABA(A) receptors. (20543135)	Cheung C.C.... Mak T.W.	2010	TP53, TRIM3
6	APOE genetic associations with seizure development af ter severe traumatic brain injury. (20961174)	Miller M.A.... Wagner A.K.	2010	APOE
7	Adenosine A1 receptor gene variants associated with p ost-traumatic seizures after severe TBI. (20609566)	Wagner A.K.... Conley Y.P.	2010	ADORA1
8	Novel mutation in SLC6A19 causing late-onset seizures in Hartnup disorder. (20399395)	Cheon C.K.... Yoo H.W.	2010	SLC6A19
9	Role of different cytokines and seizure susceptibilit y: a new dimension towards epilepsy research. (19775068)	Rao R.S.... Medhi B.	2009	TNF, IL6, VEGFA
10	A Cav3.2 T-type calcium channel point mutation has splice-variant-specific effects on function and segregates with seizure expression in a polygenic rat model of absence epilepsy. (19144837)	Powell K.L.... O'Brien T.J.	2009	CACNA1H
11	Simultaneous determination of alpha-aminoadipic semia ldehyde, piperideine-6-carboxylate and pipecolic acid by LC-MS/MS for pyridoxin e-dependent seizures and folinic acid-responsive seizures. (19631689)	Sadilkova K.... Hahn S.H.	2009	ALDH7A1
12	Heat opens axon initial segment sodium channels: a fe brile seizure mechanism? (19743470)	Thomas E.A.... Petrou S.	2009	SCN2A
13	Characterization of novel KCNH2 mutations in type 2 l ong QT syndrome manifesting as seizures. (19668779)	Keller D.I.... Chahine M.	2009	KCNH2
14	Serum creatine phosphokinase is helpful in distinguis hing generalized tonic-clonic seizures from psychogenic nonepileptic seizures a nd vasovagal syncope. (19383552)	Petramfar P.... Asadi-Pooya A.A.	2009	PIK3C2A
15	Impaired NaV1.2 function and reduced cell surface expression in benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures. (18479388)	Misra S.N.... George A.L.	2008	SCN2A
16	Roles of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 1 in acute encephalopathy following prolonged febrile seizures. (17928006)	Suenaga N.... Furukawa S.	2008	MMP9, TIMP1
17	Partial seizures and atypical absence seizures as a s ingle ictal event in a patient with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. (18984844)	Yang Z.... Xiong H.	2008	POMC
18	Influences of histamine H1 receptor antagonists on maximal electroshock seizure in infant rats. (17329841)	Ishikawa T.... Kamei C.	2007	HRH1
19	Seizure activity selectively reduces 5-HT1A receptor immunoreactivity in CA1 interneurons in the hippocampus of seizure-prone gerbil s. (17493597)	Kim D.S.... Kang T.C.	2007	HTR1A
20	Seizures and electroencephalographic findings in CDKL5 mutations: case report and review. (17049193)	Grosso S.... Balestri P.	2007	CDKL5
21	Febrile seizures are associated with mutation of seizure-related (SEZ) 6, a brain-specific gene. (17086543)	Yu Z.L.... Bao G.S.	2007	SEZ6
22	Effects of a single dose of erythropoietin on subsequ ent seizure susceptibility in rats exposed to acute hypoxia at P10. (17241225)	Mikati M.A.... el Sabban M.E.	2007	EPO
23	Viral risk factor for seizures: pathobiology of dynorphin in herpes simplex viral (HSV-1) seizures in an animal model. (16843674)	Solbrig M.V.... Perng G.C.	2006	PDYN
24	Soluble Telencephalin in the serum of children after febrile seizures. (15726263)	Borusiak P.... Rieckmann P.	2005	ICAM5
25	Early onset seizures and Rett-like features associated with mutations in CDKL5. (16015284)	Evans J.C.... Clarke A.J.	2005	CDKL5, ARX
26	Increased susceptibility of glutathione peroxidase-1 transgenic mice to kainic acid-related seizure activity and hippocampal neuronal cell death. (15698635)	Boonplueang R.... Andersen J.K.	2005	LBR
27	A family of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus type 2-a new missense mutation of SCN1A found in the pedigree of several patients with complex febrile seizures. (15715999)	Nagao Y.... Yamakawa K.	2005	SCN1A
28	Endogenous neuropeptide Y prevents recurrence of expe rimental febrile seizures by increasing seizure threshold. (15800380)	DubAc C.... Baram T.Z.	2005	NPY
29	Multidrug resistance in epilepsy: rats with drug-resistant seizures exhibit enhanced brain expression of P-glycoprotein compared with rats with drug-responsive seizures. (15716304)	Volk H.A.... LAPscher W.	2005	ABCB1
30	The GABBR1 locus and the G1465A variant is not associated with temporal lobe epilepsy preceded by febrile seizures. (15799783)	Ma S.... Hedera P.	2005	GABBR1
31	Identification of an Nav1.1 sodium channel (SCN1A) loss-of-function mutation associated with familial simple febrile seizures. (16326807)	Mantegazza M.... Quattrone A.	2005	SCN1A
32	Neurogenesis of dentate granule cells following kain ic acid induced seizures in immature rats (15347454)	Wang Y.L.... Guo S.H.	2004	GFAP, TUBB3
33	Human neural stem cell transplantation reduces spontaneous recurrent seizures following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in adult rats. (15374747)	Chu K.... Roh J.K.	2004	CNP
34	Fosphenytoin: clinical pharmacokinetics and comparati ve advantages in the acute treatment of seizures. (12489978)	Fischer J.H.... Fischer P.A.	2003	CDKN3
35	Changes in pyridoxal kinase immunoreactivity in the gerbil hippocampus following spontaneous seizure. (12445966)	Kang T.C.... Won M.H.	2002	PLK1, PDXK
36	Lack of SCN1A mutations in familial febrile seizures. (12027919)	Malacarne M.... Zara F.	2002	SCN1A
37	Failure to find evidence for association between voltage-gated sodium channel gene SCN2A variants and febrile seizures in humans. (12165424)	Nakayama J.... Arinami T.	2002	SCN2A
38	Gerbils of a seizure-sensitive strain have a mitochondrial inner membrane protein with different isoelectric points from those of a seizure-resistant strain. (12481273)	Omori A.... Seto-Ohshima A.	2002	IMMT
39	A gain-of-function mutation in the sodium channel gene Scn2a results in seizures and behavioral abnormalities. (11166117)	Kearney J.A.... Meisler M.H.	2001	SCN2A
40	Na(v)1.1 mutations cause febrile seizures associated with afebrile partial seizures. (11524484)	Sugawara T.... Yamakawa K.	2001	SCN1A
41	Differential alteration of NMDA receptor subunits in the gerbil dentate gyrus and subiculum following seizure. (11516416)	Suh J.G.... Kang T.C.	2001	GRIN1
42	CSF glutamate/GABA concentrations in pyridoxine-depen dent seizures: etiology of pyridoxine-dependent seizures and the mechanisms of pyridoxine action in seizure control. (11226725)	Goto T.... Takahashi T.	2001	GAD1
43	Autosomal dominant cortical myoclonus and epilepsy (ADCME) with complex partial and generalized seizures: A newly recognized epilepsy syndrome with linkage to chromosome 2p11.1-q12.2. (11701600)	Guerrini R.... Casari G.	2001	FCMTE2
44	Seizures during the treatment with interferon for chronic C hepatitis (12089978)	Anton C.... Malgarinos G.	2000	IFNA1
45	Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy versus amygdalar epilep sy: late seizure recurrence after initially successful amygdalotomy and regaine d seizure control following hippocampectomy. (11022139)	Wieser H.G.	2000	INTS2
46	Seizures induce widespread upregulation of cystatin B, the gene mutated in progressive myoclonus epilepsy, in rat forebrain neurons. (10792446)	D'Amato E.... Lindvall O.	2000	CSTB
47	Studies of the lethargic (lh/lh) mouse model of absence seizures: regulatory mechanisms and identification of the lh gene. (10514818)	Hosford D.A.... Chen B.	1999	GABBR1
48	Vulnerability and plasticity of the GABA system in th e pilocarpine model of spontaneous recurrent seizures. (8985701)	Houser C.R.... Esclapez M.	1996	GAD2
49	The role of postlesion seizures and spreading depression in the upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein mRNA after entorhinal cortex lesions. (8635571)	Kelley M.S.... Steward O.	1996	GFAP
50	Hippocampal granule cells express glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 after limbic seizures in the rat. (8596641)	Schwarzer C.... Sperk G.	1995	GAD2, GAD1

Genes related to seizures according to GeneCards:

(show top 50)    (show all 396)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	SEZ6L2	seizure related 6 homolog (mouse)-like 2	11.1	Publications, Transcripts, Summaries, Orthologs (show all 6 sections) Proteins, Aliases & Descriptions
2	GPR98	G protein-coupled receptor 98	11.1	Publications, Summaries, Aliases & Descriptions
3	SZT2	seizure threshold 2 homolog (mouse)	11.1	Transcripts, Summaries, Orthologs, Functions (show all 5 sections) Aliases & Descriptions
4	SCN2A	sodium channel, voltage-gated, type II, alpha subunit	11.1	Summaries, Publications
5	GABRG2	gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, gamma 2	11.1	Publications, Summaries
6	SEZ6	seizure related 6 homolog (mouse)	11.0	Proteins, Orthologs, Aliases & Descriptions, Transcripts (show all 5 sections) Publications
7	SCN1B	sodium channel, voltage-gated, type I, beta subunit	11.0	Summaries, Publications
8	GABRD	gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, delta	11.0	Summaries, Publications
9	GEFSP6	Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 6	11.0	Aliases & Descriptions
10	GEFSP4	Epilepsy, generalized, with febrile seizures plus, type 4	11.0	Aliases & Descriptions
11	ABAT	4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase	11.0	Publications, Summaries
12	GEFSP8	Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 8	11.0	Aliases & Descriptions
13	SEZ6L	seizure related 6 homolog (mouse)-like	11.0	Transcripts, Publications, Functions, Proteins (show all 6 sections) Aliases & Descriptions, Orthologs
14	PNKP	polynucleotide kinase 3'-phosphatase	11.0	Summaries, Publications
15	KCNJ10	potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 10	11.0	Summaries, Publications
16	GAD1	glutamate decarboxylase 1 (brain, 67kDa)	11.0	Publications, Summaries
17	PDCD10	programmed cell death 10	11.0	Summaries
18	HRH3	histamine receptor H3	11.0	Summaries
19	PRICKLE2	prickle homolog 2 (Drosophila)	11.0	Summaries, Publications
20	ADK	adenosine kinase	11.0	Summaries, Publications
21	ANKRD11	ankyrin repeat domain 11	11.0	Summaries
22	MBD5	methyl-CpG binding domain protein 5	11.0	Summaries, Publications
23	MEHMO	mental retardation, epileptic seizures, hypogonadism and -genitalism, microcephaly and obesity syndrome	11.0	Publications, Aliases & Descriptions
24	MT-ATP6	mitochondrially encoded ATP synthase 6	11.0	Aliases & Descriptions
25	SCN1A	sodium channel, voltage-gated, type I, alpha subunit	11.0	Publications
26	KCNQ2	potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily, member 2	11.0	Publications
27	WHCR	Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome chromosome region	11.0	Summaries
28	JRK	jerky homolog (mouse)	11.0	Summaries
29	COG8	component of oligomeric golgi complex 8	11.0	Summaries
30	GABBR1	gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, 1	11.0	Publications
31	MTMR9	myotubularin related protein 9	11.0	Publications
32	CDKL5	cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5	11.0	Publications
33	LGI1	leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1	11.0	Publications
34	MED17	mediator complex subunit 17	11.0
35	SCN7A	sodium channel, voltage-gated, type VII, alpha subunit	11.0	Publications
36	IMPA2	inositol(myo)-1(or 4)-monophosphatase 2	11.0	Publications
37	NPY	neuropeptide Y	11.0	Publications
38	TSPO	translocator protein (18kDa)	11.0	Publications
39	CHRNB2	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, beta 2 (neuronal)	11.0	Publications
40	SCN9A	sodium channel, voltage-gated, type IX, alpha subunit	11.0	Publications
41	PDYN	prodynorphin	11.0	Publications
42	SCN8A	sodium channel, voltage gated, type VIII, alpha subunit	11.0	Publications
43	ENO2	enolase 2 (gamma, neuronal)	11.0	Publications
44	KCNQ3	potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily, member 3	11.0	Publications
45	IL1R1	interleukin 1 receptor, type I	11.0	Publications
46	SGCZ	sarcoglycan, zeta	11.0	Publications
47	ETL2	epilepsy, familial temporal lobe	11.0	Publications
48	TAAR3	trace amine associated receptor 3 (gene/pseudogene)	10.9	Publications
49	PNPO	pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate oxidase	10.9	Publications
50	ARX	aristaless related homeobox	10.9	Publications

Pathways related to seizures according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 112)

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Neuronal System38	INF	PANX2, , KCNMB4, ALDH5A1, ABAT, HCN1
2	Neuroscience3	INF	CNP, CNTNAP2, S100B, CDK5R1, FMR1, MECP2
3	Metabolic pathways20	INF	PIGN, , , , PIGV, PIK3C2A
4	MAPK Family Pathway36	INF	KITLG, BDNF, JUN, , FGF2, FGF5
5	JAK-STAT Pathway36	INF	KITLG, BDNF, JUN, FOS, FGF2, FGF5
6	Rho Family GTPases36	INF	KITLG, VIM, BDNF, , JUN, FOS
7	p38 Signaling36	INF	KITLG, BDNF, FGF2, FGF5, MEF2C, IL10
8	DHA Signaling36	INF	KITLG, BID, BDNF, YWHAB, YWHAQ, FGF5
9	Dopamine-DARPP32 Feedback onto cAMP Pathway36	INF	KCNAB1, KCNB1, KCND2, KCNH2, KCNH7, KCNJ6
10	Alzheimers disease20	INF	BID, SDHB, MT-CO1, MT-ATP6, ATP2A3, CDK5R1
11	CREB Pathway36	INF	KITLG, BDNF, FGF5, GRIA3, GRIK1, GRIK2
12	Apoptosis through Death Receptors36	INF	BID, FADD, MAP2K4, MAPK10, CASP3, CASP8
13	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer36	INF	KITLG, BID, BDNF, , JUN, FOS
14	Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)20	INF	JUN, FOS, IL10, IL1B, IL6, IL8
15	Activation of cAMP-Dependent PKA36	INF	KITLG, CLCNKB, CLIC4, , BDNF,
16	14-3-3 Induced Intracellular Signaling36	INF	KITLG, BDNF, YWHAB, YWHAQ, JUN, FGF2
17	Peroxisome20	INF	, NOS2, , SOD1, SOD2,
18	Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C36	INF	KITLG, BDNF, JUN, FOS, , FGF2
19	Akt Signaling36	12.3	IL10, IL18, IL26, IL4, IL6, CCL4
20	GABA signaling in brain10	12.0	MECP2, SLC32A1, SLC6A1, GABBR1, GABRB1, GABRD
21	PEDF Induced Signaling36	11.6	BDNF, FOS, GRIN1, GRIN2B, IL10, IL18
22	14-3-3 Induced Apoptosis36	11.2	BID, YWHAB, YWHAQ, JUN, FOS, IL1A
23	MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells36	11.2	JUN, FOS, MIF, IL10, IL18, IL1A
24	Glutamic acid signaling10	11.1	GRIA3, GRIK1, GRIK2, GRIK3, GRIN1, GRIN2B
25	Pertussis20	11.1	JUN, FOS, IL10, IL1A, IL1B, IL6
26	Leishmaniasis20	10.9	JUN, FOS, FCGR2A, FCGR3A, FCGR3B, IL10
27	Immune response IL-1 signaling pathway10	10.7	JUN, FOS, IL1A, IL1B, IL1R1, IL6
28	Pathogenesis of ALS36	10.5	GRIA3, GRIN1, GRIN2B, CASP3, CASP1, TP53
29	Apoptosis Signaling Pathways37	10.4	BID, BBC3, YWHAB, YWHAQ, FADD, HSPB1
30	Immune response MIF in innate immunity response10	10.3	JUN, MIF, IL1B, IL6, IL8, MAP2K4
31	Immune response_MIF in innate immunity response41	10.2	JUN, MIF, IL1B, IL6, IL8, MAP2K4
32	Signaling in Gap Junctions36	INF	GRM1, GRM4, GRM5, GRM7, GRM8, MAP2K4
33	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway36	INF	IL10, IL18, IL1A, IL1B, IL26, IL4
34	TRAF Pathway36	INF	JUN, FOS, IL1A, IL1B, IL1R1, FADD
35	Neuropathic Pain-Signaling in Dorsal Horn Neurons36	INF	BDNF, , KCNK3, , SCN7A, SCN1B
36	cAMP Pathway36	INF	KITLG, CLIC4, , BDNF, , KCNK3
37	Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism20	INF	ASPA, , , ALDH5A1, GLUD1, GLUL
38	Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction20	INF	CNR1, CHRNB2, CHRNA4, GRIA3, GRIK1, GRIK2
39	Tuberculosis20	INF	BID, , FCGR2A, FCGR3A, FCGR3B, IL10
40	TGF-Beta Pathway36	INF	KITLG, BDNF, JUN, FOS, FGF2, FGF5
41	Potassium transporters- outward current10	INF	KCNB1, KCND2, KCNH2, KCNJ6, KCNQ1, KCNA1
42	Tec Kinases Signaling36	INF	KITLG, BDNF, FOS, FGF2, FGF5, IL10
43	Influenza A20	INF	JUN, IL18, IL1A, IL1B, IL6, IL8
44	Arginine and proline metabolism20	INF	, , MAOA, MAOB, ,
45	Intracellular Calcium Signaling36	INF	KITLG, BDNF, CHRNA4, ATP2A3, FGF2, FGF5
46	MAPK signaling pathway20	INF	BDNF, JUN, FOS, , FGF2, FGF5
47	ERK Signaling36	INF	KITLG, PAX6, , FGF5, IL10, IL18
48	Synaptic transmission- ion currents10	INF	KCND2, KCNJ6, KCNA1, KCNJ3, KCNK3,
49	Glutamatergic synapse20	INF	KCNJ3, GRIA3, GRIK1, GRIK2, GRIK3, GRIN1
50	PAK Pathway36	INF	KITLG, BDNF, FGF2, FGF5, IL10, IL18

Compounds related to seizures according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 558)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	butyrate32	INF	KITLG, VIM, BID, CHAT, JUN, CDKN3
2	actinomycin d32	INF	CNTF, KITLG, VIM, VEGFA, PARP1, BDNF
3	rotenone32	INF	PARP1, PARK2, SDHB, , , IL1A
4	chloroquine32 34 9 9	INF	KCNH2, IL10, IL18, IL1R1, IL1RN, IL4
5	wortmannin32 42	INF	PIK3C2A, CNTF, KITLG, VIM, BDNF, KCNH2
6	c2ceramide32	INF	PARP1, JUN, IL1B, HSPB1, HSPA4, CASP3
7	atp32	INF	PIK3C2A, , CLN3, PARP1, PARK2, PARG
8	prostaglandin32	INF	CNTF, KITLG, VIM, VIP, UCP2, MMP1
9	aspirin32 34 18	INF	CNR1, KITLG, BID, , CHKB, MTHFR
10	paraffin32	INF	KITLG, VIM, VEGFA, CHAT, CHKB, S100B
11	dopamine32 9 18 9	INF	CNTF, VIP, RABEP2, PARK2, BDNF, SDHB
12	caffeine32 34 9 18 9	INF	VIP, , ATP2A3, GRM1, APP, MAOB
13	choline32 9 18 9	INF	PIK3C2A, CNTF, VIM, VIP, CHAT, CHKB
14	dbc-amp32	12.1	VIM, VIP, BDNF, CHAT, LBR, S100B
15	acth32	12.0	PIK3C2A, VIP, BDNF, AVP, MIF, INS
16	cocaine32 9 9	13.8	PIK3C2A, CNR1, CNTF, VIM, RABEP2, BDNF
17	haloperidol32 34 9 9	14.8	PIK3C2A, VIP, RABEP2, BDNF, KCNH2, CHAT
18	diazepam32 34 9 9	14.6	PIK3C2A, BDNF, FGF2, TRH, CYP2C19, ABAT
19	tetrodotoxin32	11.5	CNR1, VIP, BDNF, SCN9A, APOE, ENO2
20	corticosterone32 18	12.5	CNR1, VIP, BDNF, FOS, MIF, FGF2
21	valproate32	10.9	BDNF, MTHFR, CD40LG, MECP2, IMPA1, APP
22	fluoxetine32 34 9 9	13.5	CNR1, BDNF, KCNH2, IL10, MAOA, MAOB
23	olanzapine32 34 9 18 9	14.2	BDNF, KCNH2, CHAT, CHKB, FOS, INS
24	4-hydroxynonenal32 18	10.3	PARP1, CHAT, UCP2, JUN, MMP1, FOS
25	threonine32	INF	PARK2, KCNH2, KCNIP3, KCNQ1, ,
26	superoxide32 18	INF	PIK3C2A, CNTF, KITLG, PARK2, SDHB, KCNH2
27	lactate32	INF	PIK3C2A, KITLG, BTD, VIM, VIP, BDNF
28	nadph32 18	INF	SDHB, CHAT, UCP2, , FCGR3B, MAPT
29	genistein32 9 18 9	INF	CNTF, KITLG, VIM, VEGFA, PARP1, LBR
30	histamine32 18	INF	CNR1, CNTF, KITLG, VIM, VIP, BDNF
31	nitric oxide32 9 18 9	INF	CNTF, KITLG, BID, PARK2, BCL2L11,
32	kainate32	INF	CNR1, BDNF, CHAT, UCP2, JUN, CDKN3
33	glucose32	INF	CNTF, BTD, BID, PARK2, PAX6, MT2A
34	iron32 18	INF	PIK3C2A, KITLG, VIM, PARK2, BDNF, SDHB
35	retinoic acid32 42 18	INF	CNTF, KITLG, VIM, PARP1, PAX6, BDNF
36	nmda32 42	INF	CNR1, VIM, PARK2, BDNF, SDHB, KCNJ6
37	n acetylcysteine32	INF	BDNF, MMP1, MMP9, FOS, IL18, IL1R1
38	5fluorouracil32	INF	KITLG, VEGFA, BID, MTOR, MTHFR, FOLH1
39	gf 109203x32 42	INF	KITLG, VEGFA, JUN, CDKN3, MMP1, FOS
40	oxygen32 18	INF	PIK3C2A, KITLG, BID, PARP1, PARK2, PAX6
41	inositol32	INF	BDNF, LBR, ATP2A3, IMPA1, IMPA2, HSPG2
42	estradiol32 9 18 9	INF	KITLG, VIM, BDNF, , CHAT, CHKB
43	indomethacin32 9 9	INF	CNR1, VIM, VIP, BDNF, CD40LG, CDKN3
44	tamoxifen32 34 9 9	INF	VIM, VEGFA, BDNF, , CHKB, MTOR
45	cholesterol32 9 18 9	INF	PIK3C2A, KITLG, , BDNF, SDHB,
46	acetylcholine32 9 18 9	INF	PIK3C2A, CNR1, CNTF, VIM, VIP, BDNF
47	formaldehyde32 18	INF	VIM, CHAT, S100B, CD40LG, CDKN3, MMP1
48	estrogen32	INF	VIP, RABEP2, PAFAH1B1, PARK2, BDNF,
49	lipid32	INF	PIK3C2A, CNP, CNR1, CNTF, KITLG,
50	methionine32	INF	CNTF, VIM, BDNF, KCNH2, , LBR

Cellular components related to seizures according to GeneDecks:

(show all 28)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cytoplasm	GO:005737	INF	PIK3C2A, SGCZ, CNP, KITLG, ,
2	plasma membrane	GO:005886	INF	PIK3C2A, PDCD10, CNP, CNR1, KITLG,
3	dendrite	GO:030425	INF	NCDN, CNTNAP2, , KCNJ6, CHRNA4, MTOR
4	neuronal cell body	GO:043025	INF	NCDN, CNTF, CNTNAP2, VGF, PAFAH1B1, CHAT
5	peroxisomal membrane	GO:005778	INF	HMGCR, , , , ,
6	protein complex	GO:043234	INF	MMP9, MECP2, MEF2C, ALB, AKAP7, TP53
7	perikaryon	GO:043204	INF	CNTNAP2, , , GRIA3, GRIK2, GRIK3
8	cell junction	GO:030054	INF	LGI1, CHRNB2, CHRNA4, GRIA3, GRIK1, GRIK2
9	extracellular region	GO:005576	INF	KITLG, SERPINI1, VIP, VEGFA, BDNF, SCN1B
10	postsynaptic membrane	GO:045211	INF	CHRNB2, CHRNA4, GRIA3, GRIK1, GRIK2, GRIK3
11	cell surface	GO:009986	INF	CNTNAP2, , VEGFA, CLIC4, KCND2, KCNJ6
12	dendritic spine	GO:043197	10.7	SEZ6, KCND2, ATP1A2, CDK5R1, GRIN1, APP
13	terminal button	GO:043195	10.5	GRIA3, GRIK2, GRIK3, GRIN1, GRIN2B, GHRH
14	dendritic shaft	GO:043198	10.5	SEZ6, GRIA3, GRM7, APP, HTR2A, HCN2
15	secretory granule	GO:030141	10.2	VEGFA, AVP, INS, IL1B, GHRL, TRH
16	presynaptic active zone	GO:048786	10.1	GRM7, SV2A, NTRK2, SYP, SLC17A7, ADORA1
17	neuron projection	GO:043005	INF	VGF, CLN3, , GRIN1, GRIN2B, GRM8
18	peroxisome	GO:005777	INF	VIM, , SZT2, NOS2, , SOD1
19	axon	GO:030424	INF	NCDN, CNTF, CNTNAP2, VIM, KCNJ6, SCN2A
20	mitochondrion	GO:005739	INF	BID, CLIC4, CLN3, , PARK2, SDHB
21	voltage-gated potassium channel complex	GO:008076	INF	CNTNAP2, KCNB1, KCND2, KCNH2, KCNJ6, KCNQ1
22	membrane	GO:016020	INF	CNTNAP2, , VEGFA, BID, ,
23	chloride channel complex	GO:034707	INF	CLCNKB, CLIC4, , GABRB1, GABRD, GABRE
24	synaptic vesicle	GO:008021	INF	CLN3, , GRIN1, GRIN2B, AMPH, CYP19A1
25	cytosol	GO:005829	INF	PIK3C2A, NCDN, PDCD10, CNTF, VIM,
26	integral to plasma membrane	GO:005887	INF	CNR1, CLCNKB, KCNJ10, KCNK3, KCNMB4, SCN2A
27	extracellular space	GO:005615	INF	CNP, CNTF, KITLG, BTD, SEZ6, VGF
28	endoplasmic reticulum	GO:005783	INF	, , , CLN3, , PARK2

Biological processes related to seizures according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 60)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	response to nutrient	GO:007584	INF	CNR1, , CHAT, MTOR, , IL4
2	apoptotic process	GO:006915	INF	PDCD10, VIM, BID, BCL2L11, BCL2L15, KCNIP3
3	synaptic transmission	GO:007268	INF	CNP, PAFAH1B1, PANX2, PANX1, KCNAB1, KCNB1
4	response to drug	GO:042493	INF	, BDNF, KCNK3, CHAT, JUN, MMP9
5	nervous system development	GO:007399	INF	, VEGFA, , BDNF, KCNQ2, SCN8A
6	peroxisome organization	GO:007031	INF	, , , , ,
7	positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade	GO:043123	INF	PARK2, S100B, , IL1A, IL1B, FADD
8	potassium ion transport	GO:006813	INF	KCNAB1, KCNH2, KCNJ6, , KCNA1, KCNE2
9	signal transduction	GO:007165	INF	CNTF, CNTNAP2, KITLG, , KCNIP3, KCNH6
10	memory	GO:007613	INF	CNR1, , CHAT, CHRNB2, S100B, IL1B
11	cellular response to organic substance	GO:071310	INF	, IL1B, CALB1, CASP3, CASP1, EGR2
12	neuron migration	GO:001764	INF	PAFAH1B1, PAX6, CDKL5, CDK5R1, ASPM, ARX
13	ion transport	GO:006811	INF	CHRNB2, CHRNA4, AKAP7, SLC17A7, SLC6A12, SLC4A3
14	inflammatory response	GO:006954	INF	KCNJ10, SCN9A, CD40LG, FOS, MIF, IL10
15	adult locomotory behavior	GO:008344	INF	CNP, PAFAH1B1, ATP1A2, MECP2, GRIN1, APP
16	cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process	GO:034641	INF	, AUH, , , ,
17	ion transmembrane transport	GO:034220	INF	ATP1A2, ATP2A3, , , GJA1, GABRB1
18	response to nicotine	GO:035094	11.7	CNR1, CHRNB2, CHRNA4, AVP, MMP9, HMOX1
19	response to glucocorticoid stimulus	GO:051384	11.3	KCNJ10, IL10, IL1B, IL1RN, IL6, ALPL
20	regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential	GO:060079	11.3	SEZ6, MECP2, GRIK2, GRIN1, GRIN2B, GHRL
21	locomotory behavior	GO:007626	11.2	CHRNB2, CHRNA4, AVP, GRM1, APP, ANKH
22	learning or memory	GO:007611	11.2	PAFAH1B1, BDNF, S100B, MEF2C, GRIN2B, CALB1
23	neurotransmitter biosynthetic process	GO:042136	11.2	MAOA, NOS1, ACHE, TH, SLC6A3, GAD1
24	response to electrical stimulus	GO:051602	10.8	KCNJ6, KCNJ3, GRIN2B, AIF1, NGF, DCX
25	sensory perception of pain	GO:019233	10.8	CNR1, KCNIP3, CHRNB2, CHRNA4, MECP2, GRIN1
26	positive regulation of synaptic transmission	GO:050806	10.7	LGI1, GRIK2, GRIN2B, TNF, OXT, SLC1A3
27	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	GO:050731	9.2	KITLG, VEGFA, MTOR, MIF, INS, IL6
28	transmembrane transport	GO:055085	INF	, AVP, ATP1A2, ATP2A3, ,
29	social behavior	GO:035176	INF	, CHRNB2, AVP, MECP2, GRIN1, IL1B
30	cerebral cortex development	GO:021987	INF	CNTNAP2, , PAFAH1B1, GRIN1, GRIN2B, NTRK2
31	gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway	GO:007214	INF	, CACNA1A, GABBR1, GABRE, GABRG2, GABRA1
32	brain development	GO:007420	INF	CNTNAP2, BID, , KCNK3, UBE3A, CDK5R1
33	aging	GO:007568	INF	CNR1, JUN, , IL1B, HTR2A, HMGCR
34	positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity	GO:051091	INF	IL10, IL1B, IL4, IL6, ESR2, TNF
35	axon guidance	GO:007411	INF	PAX6, BDNF, KCNQ2, KCNQ3, SCN1B, SCN8A
36	negative regulation of apoptotic process	GO:043066	INF	PDCD10, , VEGFA, CLN3, , AVP
37	transport	GO:006810	INF	, CLCNKB, , UCP2, ATP2A3,
38	positive regulation of cell proliferation	GO:008284	INF	PDCD10, CNTF, VIP, VEGFA, UBE2A, AVP
39	behavior	GO:007610	INF	CNR1, CNTNAP2, KCNIP3, MAOA, HTR1A, CRHBP
40	cell death	GO:008219	INF	, , , CLN3, , PARK2
41	synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	GO:035249	INF	GRIK2, GRIN1, GRM8, , CACNA1A, PLAT
42	central nervous system development	GO:007417	INF	BTD, SERPINI1, PARK2, PAX6, S100B, FMR1
43	cell-cell signaling	GO:007267	INF	AVP, INS, FGF5, IL10, IL18, IL1B
44	response to ethanol	GO:045471	INF	CNR1, CHAT, CHRNB2, AVP, MMP9, GRIN1
45	protein homooligomerization	GO:051260	INF	BID, KCNB1, KCND2, KCNA1, , LGI1
46	negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	GO:043524	INF	CNTF, CLN3, PARK2, BDNF, JUN, MECP2
47	neurotransmitter secretion	GO:007269	INF	CHAT, GRM4, MAOA, ALDH5A1, HRH3,
48	small molecule metabolic process	GO:044281	INF	PIK3C2A, , SDHB, KCNB1, CHAT, CHKB
49	response to hypoxia	GO:001666	INF	VEGFA, , CHAT, CHRNB2, CHRNA4, MMP9
50	protein import into peroxisome matrix	GO:016558	INF	, , , , ,

Molecular functions related to seizures according to GeneDecks:

(show all 15)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	protein homodimerization activity	GO:042803	INF	DGKD, , PAFAH1B1, , KCNK3, S100B
2	receptor binding	GO:005102	INF	NPY, NPPB, POMC, SLC6A3, SLC9A3R2,
3	protein N-terminus binding	GO:047485	INF	, YWHAQ, TP53, , , TSC1
4	pyridoxal phosphate binding	GO:030170	INF	GAD1, CSAD, , ABAT, PDXK, PYGM
5	protein C-terminus binding	GO:008022	INF	AKAP7, YWHAB, KCNK3, TRIM3, HSPG2, VIM
6	protein binding	GO:005515	INF	, GJA1, , , AKAP7,
7	GABA-A receptor activity	GO:004890	11.3	GABRB1, GABRG2, GABRR2, GABRB3, GABRA5, GABRA4
8	extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity	GO:005230	11.2	GABRA5, GABRA4, GABRA1, GABRG2, GABRE, GABRB1
9	chloride channel activity	GO:005254	11.2	GABRB3, GABRA5, GABRA4, GABRR2, GABRG2, GABRE
10	cytokine activity	GO:005125	10.9	IL26, IL4, IL6, CCL4, TNF, NDP
11	drug binding	GO:008144	10.6	SLC6A3, CYP2D6, ALB, HTR2A, HTR1A, GRIN2B
12	glutamate receptor activity	GO:008066	10.0	GRM4, GRM8, GRM5, GRM7, GRM1, GRIK3
13	voltage-gated potassium channel activity	GO:005249	INF	KCNAB1, KCNB1, KCNH2, KCNQ1, KCNH6, KCND2
14	L-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity	GO:005313	INF	SLC1A3, SLC1A1, , SLC1A6, SLC1A2,
15	growth factor activity	GO:008083	INF	FGF2, FGF5, IL10, IL1B, IL4, IL6