Sleep Apnea malady

MedlinePlus: Sleep apnea is a common disorder that can be serious. in sleep apnea, your breathing stops or gets very shallow. each pause in breathing typically lasts 10 to 20 seconds or more. these pauses can occur 20 to 30 times or more an hour. the most common type is obstructive sleep apnea. that means you are unable to get enough air through your mouth and nose into your lungs. when that happens, the amount of oxygen in your blood may drop. normal breaths resume with a snort or choking sound. people with sleep apnea often snore loudly. however, not everyone who snores has sleep apnea. when your sleep is interrupted throughout the night, you can be drowsy during the day. people with sleep apnea are at higher risk for car crashes, work-related accidents and other medical problems. if you have it, it is important to get treatment. nih: national heart, lung, and blood institute²³

MalaCards: Sleep Apnea, also known as sleep apnea syndromes, is related to hypertension and insulin resistance. An important gene associated with Sleep Apnea is HCRT (hypocretin (orexin) neuropeptide precursor), and among its related pathways are G alpha (q) signalling events and Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. The drugs aminophylline and theophylline and the compounds cyclophosphamide and nitroglycerin have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, heart and adipocyte, and related mouse phenotypes are craniofacial and endocrine/exocrine gland.

NINDS: Sleep apnea is a common sleep disorder characterized by brief interruptions of breathing during sleep.³¹

Wikipedia: Sleep apnoea (or sleep apnea in American English; /æpˈniːə/) is a sleep disorder characterized by...⁴⁴ more...

sleep apnea 31 23 sleep apnea syndromes 43

apnea sleep 32 apnea 43

Diseases related to sleep apnea by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 987)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	hypertension	36.0	REN, KCNMB1, GNB3, NOS2, NOS3, ACE
2	insulin resistance	34.1	LEPR, UCP2, IRS1, INS, SOD1
3	congestive heart failure	32.7	REN, APLN, FABP3, HMGCR, EDN1, EDNRA
4	polycystic ovary syndrome	31.9	LEP, IRS1, INS, IGF2, IGFBP3, IGF1
5	narcolepsy	30.9	LEP, INS, APOE, FABP3, CCL2, IGFBP3
6	congenital central hypoventilation syndrome	30.3	RET, BDNF, ASCL1, PHOX2B, EDN3, GDNF
7	gliosis	30.2	S100B, IL6, CRP, HCRT, HCRTR2, GFAP
8	familial partial lipodystrophy	29.9	LMNA, LEP, INS, PPARG
9	sleep disorder	29.9	VCAM1, LEP, INS, IL6, IL8, APOE
10	retinol binding protein	28.6	RETN, RBP4, NAMPT, LEP, IRS1, INS
11	tonsillitis	27.9	BDNF, CD79A, CD40LG, IL10, IL4, CCL2
12	sudden infant death syndrome	27.4	RET, ASCL1, IL10, IL1B, IL4, IL6
13	pharyngitis	27.3	PCNA, BDNF, CD79A, MMP9, HTR1B, HTR2A
14	lipodystrophy	26.6	RETN, RBP4, SERPINE1, NAMPT, LPL, LMNA
15	congenital myasthenic syndrome	26.5	CD79A, CD40LG, MMP9, INS, IL10, IL18
16	hemophilia	26.1	VWF, SELP, CD40LG, IL10, IL1B, IL4
17	fatty liver disease	25.3	RETN, RBP4, SERPINE1, NAMPT, LPL, LEP
18	apnea	25.2	NDN, REN, RET, RETN, VWF, PCNA
19	acromegaly	25.2	RETN, RBP4, SERPINE1, NAMPT, LPL, LEP
20	aldosteronism	24.2	REN, RETN, SERPINE1, NAMPT, MMP9, IRS1
21	obesity, association with	23.6	RETN, VWF, RBP4, SERPINE1, NAMPT, LEP
22	obesity	22.6	REN, RETN, VWF, PCNA, RBP4, SELE
23	uremia	22.4	REN, RET, RETN, VWF, SERPINE1, LPL
24	homocysteine	20.2	REN, RETN, VWF, PCNA, SELE, SELP
25	essential hypertension	20.2	REN, RETN, VWF, SELE, SELP, SERPINE1
26	hypoxia	19.9	NDN, REN, RET, VWF, PCNA, SELE
27	coronary heart disease	18.2	RETN, VWF, SELE, SELP, SERPINE1, NAMPT
28	blindness	17.7	REN, VWF, RBP4, SELE, SELP, SERPINE1
29	myocardial infarction	17.3	REN, RETN, VWF, SELE, SELP, SERPINE1
30	atherosclerosis	17.2	REN, RETN, VWF, PCNA, RBP4, SELE
31	neuronitis	16.2	NDN, REN, RET, RETN, VWF, PCNA
32	enuresis	14.2	REN, HTR2A, NOS3, NPPA, NPPB, ADM
33	congenital heart defect	14.1	HSPA1A, PF4, EDN1, EDNRA, NPPA, NPPB
34	heart valve disease	14.1	APOH, HTR2A, HTR3A, NPPA, NPPB
35	premature ejaculation	14.0	LEP, HTR1B, HTR2C, HTR3A, LSL, SLC6A4
36	insomnia	14.0	LEP, FDFT1, HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR3A, HCRT
37	pre-eclampsia	14.0	NOS3, EDN1, EDNRA, AGT
38	mitral valve stenosis	14.0	SELP, PF4, NPPA, NPPB
39	hypothyroidism	14.0	RETN, LEP, APOB, IGFBP3, LSL, PON1
40	aortic coarctation	14.0	GNB3, NOS3, EDN1, ACE, AGT, AGTR1
41	migraine with aura	14.0	HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C, NOS3, EDN1, EDNRA
42	seasonal affective disorder	14.0	HTR2A, HTR2C, GNB3, NPY, SLC6A4, GABBR1
43	eating disorder	13.9	RETN, BDNF, LEP, LEPR, MC4R, CCKAR
44	systolic heart failure	13.9	IL6, TNF, CRP, EDN1, ACE, AGT
45	morbid obesity	13.9	RETN, LPL, LEP, LEPR, INS, MC3R
46	bulimia nervosa	13.9	LEP, HTR3A, LSL, SLC6A4
47	neuroleptic malignant syndrome	13.9	CHKA, GPT, HTR2A, HTR3A, NPPB
48	mitral valve disease	13.9	SELP, ACE, AGT, AGTR1, NPPA
49	gestational diabetes	13.9	RETN, RBP4, NAMPT, LEP, LEPR, IRS1
50	oligohydramnios	13.9	REN, EDN1, ACE, AGT, AGTR1, NPPB

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

Inferred drug relations via UMLS/NDF-RT:

^43 28 aminophylline, aminophylline dihydrate, aminophylline pwdr [va product], caffeine, citrated caffeine, oxtriphylline, theophylline, theophylline calcium salicylate, theophylline sodium glycinate, theophylline,anhydrous

MalaCards organs/tissues related to sleep apnea:

²²

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to sleep apnea:

²⁵ (show all 28)

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	craniofacial phenotype	MP:0005382	10.1	BDNF, MSX1, MSX2, ASCL1, FGFR2, PTCH1
2	endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype	MP:0005379	10.0	RET, UCN3, MSX1, MSX2, CD40LG, FMR1
3	respiratory system phenotype	MP:0005388	9.9	NDN, RET, SELP, LPL, BDNF, LEPR
4	hematopoietic system phenotype	MP:0005397	9.6	PCNA, MSX2, FGFR2, FGFR3, IGF2, HLA-C
5	embryogenesis phenotype	MP:0005380	9.5	RET, MSX1, MSX2, FGFR1, FGFR2, FDFT1
6	pigmentation phenotype	MP:0001186	9.4	LMNA, LEP, MSX2, ASCL1, FGFR2, APOB
7	liver/biliary system phenotype	MP:0005370	9.2	RETN, LPL, CHKA, UCN3, IRS1, INS
8	integument phenotype	MP:0010771	9.2	NDN, SELP, BDNF, LEPR, S100B, MSX1
9	immune system phenotype	MP:0005387	8.9	REN, VWF, SELP, LMNA, LEPR, UCP2
10	renal/urinary system phenotype	MP:0005367	8.9	REN, RET, SELP, LMNA, KCNMB1, LEPR
11	reproductive system phenotype	MP:0005389	8.4	REN, RET, RBP4, LMNA, LEP, LEPR
12	limbs/digits/tail phenotype	MP:0005371	8.4	RET, LMNA, LEP, MSX1, MSX2, MMP9
13	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	8.3	NDN, REN, VWF, SELP, LMNA, BDNF
14	hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype	MP:0005377	8.3	LMNA, BDNF, KCNMB1, MSX1, MSX2, IRS1
15	adipose tissue phenotype	MP:0005375	7.9	RETN, SERPINE1, LPL, LMNA, LEP, LEPR
16	no phenotypic analysis	MP:0003012	7.5	NDN, RET, PCNA, VCAM1, BDNF, LEPR
17	skeleton phenotype	MP:0005390	7.4	LMNA, LEP, LEPR, MSX2, MMP9, IRS1
18	digestive/alimentary phenotype	MP:0005381	7.2	RET, VWF, LMNA, BDNF, LEP, LEPR
19	growth/size phenotype	MP:0005378	6.9	REN, RET, SELE, SELP, SERPINE1, LPL
20	tumorigenesis	MP:0002006	6.4	RET, SERPINE1, LEP, LEPR, MMP9, FGFR2
21	muscle phenotype	MP:0005369	6.0	NDN, REN, RET, RBP4, LPL, LMNA
22	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	6.0	NDN, REN, SELE, SELP, LMNA, BDNF
23	vision/eye phenotype	MP:0005391	5.6	RBP4, SELE, SELP, LMNA, BDNF, LEP
24	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	5.3	NDN, REN, RET, VWF, SELE, SELP
25	normal phenotype	MP:0002873	4.9	NDN, REN, RET, RBP4, SELE, LMNA
26	cellular phenotype	MP:0005384	3.7	NDN, RET, VWF, PCNA, RBP4, SELE
27	cardiovascular system phenotype	MP:0005385	3.7	REN, RET, VWF, RBP4, SELE, SELP
28	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	2.7	NDN, REN, RET, RETN, VWF, RBP4

Articles related to sleep apnea:

(show top 50)    (show all 256)

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	Effect of cardiac rehabilitation on inflammatory mark ers in patients with high risk for obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot study. (21574823)	Parker A.T.... Sharma S.	2011	CCL2
2	The role of Endothelin-1 in obstructive sleep apnea s yndrome and pulmonary arterial hypertension: pathogenesis and Endothelin-1 anta gonists. (20156159)	Karkoulias K.... Spiropoulos K.	2010	EDN1
3	Intermittent hypoxia during sleep induces reactive gl iosis and limited neuronal death in rats: implications for sleep apnea. (20002528)	Aviles-Reyes R.X.... Ramos A.J.	2010	PCNA
4	Polymorphisms in I+- and I^-Adrenergic Receptor Genes, Hypertension, and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Skaraborg Sleep Study. (20948559)	Bengtsson BostrAPm K.... Lindblad U.	2010	ADRB1
5	Carvedilol reduces the severity of central sleep apnea in chronic heart failure. (19122306)	Tamura A.... Kadota J.	2009	NPPB
6	Iron stores, periodic leg movements, and sleepiness i n obstructive sleep apnea. (20465018)	O'Brien L.M.... Chervin R.D.	2009	TF
7	Plasma apelin levels in obstructive sleep apnea and t he effect of continuous positive airway pressure therapy. (19643928)	Henley D.E.... Lightman S.L.	2009	APLN
8	Leukotriene pathways and in vitro adenotonsillar cell proliferation in children with obstructive sleep apnea. (19118273)	Dayyat E.... Gozal D.	2009	TNF, IL6, IL10
9	Association between serum neopterin, obesity and daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. (18579365)	UrsavaA9 A.... Ege E.	2008	HMGCR
10	Nocturnal reduction in circulating adiponectin concentrations related to hypoxic stress in severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. (18198351)	Nakagawa Y.... Funahashi T.	2008	ADIPOQ
11	Study of the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and obesity and serum resistin level (18422175)	Zheng M.... Wang M.	2008	RETN
12	Metabolic alterations and systemic inflammation in obstructive sleep apnea among nonobese and obese prepubertal children. (18276939)	Gozal D.... Kheirandish-Gozal L.	2008	APOB
13	The impact of the sleep apnea syndrome on oxidant-antioxidant balance in the blood of overweight and obese patients. (19218703)	Wysocka E.... Batura-Gabryel H.	2008	SOD1
14	Diagnostic values of serum orexin-A levels in childr en with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (19099733)	Abulaiti A.... Duo L.K.	2008	HCRT
15	Association of sleep apnea severity and obesity with insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, and leptin levels in male patients with obstructive sleep apnea. (18365276)	Kapsimalis F.... Gourgoulianis K.	2008	LEP, CRP
16	Evaluation of the relationship between heart type fatty acid binding protein levels and the risk of cardiac damage in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. (18231825)	Oktay B.... Kizilgun M.	2008	FABP3, CHKA
17	Obstructive sleep apnea in 2 women with familial partial lipodystrophy due to a heterozygous LMNA R482Q mutation. (17893350)	Hegele R.A.... Rutt B.K.	2007	LMNA
18	Effects of obstructive sleep apnea style intermittent hypoxia on endothelin-1, nitric oxide, and nitric oxide synthase in endothelium: experiment with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (18001528)	Zhao H.Y.... Guo M.N.	2007	NOS3, NOS2, EDN1
19	Circulating ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. (17148932)	UrsavaA9 A.... GAPzA1 R.O.	2007	ICAM1, VCAM1
20	Narcolepsy, metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome as the causes of hypersomnia in children. Report of three cases. (18229667)	Wasilewska J.... Kaczmarski M.	2007	INS
21	Abnormally increased endothelin-1 in plasma during the night in obstructive sleep apnea: relation to blood pressure and severity of disease. (17198911)	GjA... Pedersen E.B.	2007	REN, AGT
22	Obstructive sleep apnea, daytime sleepiness, and type 2 diabetes. (17570878)	Chasens E.R.	2007	LEP
23	APOE epsilon 4 allele, cognitive dysfunction, and obstructive sleep apnea in children. (17636061)	Gozal D.... Crabtree V.M.	2007	APOE
24	Reduced levels of adiponectin in sleep apnea syndrome. (17033258)	Masserini B.... Orsi E.	2006	ADIPOQ
25	Brain natriuretic peptide in patients with congestive heart failure and central sleep apnea. (15888844)	Carmona-Bernal C.... Capote F.	2005	NPPB
26	Lipid peroxides, superoxide dismutase and circulating IL-8 and GCP-2 in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot study. (15988615)	Alzoghaibi M.A.... Bahammam A.S.	2005	SOD1, IL8, CXCL6
27	The changes and implications of plasma orexin-A leve ls in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (16008971)	Liao X.M.... Yu Q.	2005	HCRT
28	Atrial overdrive pacing in patients with sleep apnea with implanted pacemaker. (15750043)	LA1thje L.... Andreas S.	2005	NPPB
29	Elevated C-reactive protein levels and increased cardiovascular risk in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. (16272771)	Kokturk O.... Ciftci B.	2005	CRP
30	Brain preconditioning and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. (15960309)	Brzecka A.	2005	NPPA
31	The changes of some vasoactive substances after operation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (16398051)	Yao X.... Wang L.	2005	APOH, EDN1
32	Detection of thromboxane B2, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha and anticardiolipin antibody in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (15196341)	Wu K.J.... Wang B.F.	2004	APOH
33	Association of polymorphisms in the angiotensin system genes with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (15387996)	Zhang L.Q.... Lin Y.P.	2004	ACE, AGT
34	Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and diurnal leptin rhythms. (15124716)	Patel S.R.... Redline S.	2004	LEP
35	Plasma brain natriuretic peptide in obstructive sleep apnea. (15325948)	Svatikova A.... Somers V.K.	2004	NPPB
36	Erythropoietin and obstructive sleep apnea. (15363820)	Winnicki M.... Somers V.K.	2004	EPO
37	Decreased plasma levels of orexin-A in sleep apnea. (15627867)	Busquets X.... AgustA- A.	2004	HCRT
38	The relationship between serum cytokine levels with obesity and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. (15381186)	Ciftci T.U.... Bilgihan A.	2004	TNF, IL6
39	Catecholaminergic neurons in the brain-stem and sleep apnea in SIDS victims. (14693390)	Sawaguchi T.... Kahn A.	2003	TH
40	Insulin-like growth factor-I and cognitive function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (12509920)	Xu Y.... Cong B.	2002	IGF1
41	The influence of nasal continual positive airway pressure on some vasoactive substances in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (11953098)	Hu X.... Yu R.	2002	REN, EDN1
42	Adhesion molecules in patients with coronary artery disease and moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea. (12006441)	El-Solh A.A.... Grant B.J.	2002	SELE, VCAM1
43	Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor are elev ated in patients with obstructive sleep apnea--hypopnea syndrome. (11493479)	Imagawa S.... Nagasawa T.	2001	EPO
44	Increase in bilirubin levels of patients with obstructive sleep apnea in the morning--a possible explanation of induced heme oxygenase-1. (11247059)	Chin K.... Nakamura T.	2001	HMOX1
45	Leptin and stress protein (heat shock protein 72: HSP72) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (10944925)	Chin K.	2000	HSPA1A, LSL
46	Serum leptin and vascular risk factors in obstructive sleep apnea. (10988175)	Ip M.S.... Lam W.	2000	LEP, LSL
47	Angiotension I converting enzyme gene polymorphism in Chinese patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (11360521)	Xiao Y.... Qiu C.	1998	ACE
48	Beta 2-adrenergic receptor characteristics in sleep apnea patients. (7761741)	Mills P.J.... Nelesen R.A.	1995	ADRB2
49	Obstructive sleep apnea and the kidney. (8305638)	Fletcher E.C.	1993	NPPA
50	Biochemical morbidity in sleep apnea. (8444124)	Strohl K.P.... Decker M.J.	1993	IGF1, IGF2

Genes related to sleep apnea according to GeneCards:

(show top 50)    (show all 145)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	HCRT	hypocretin (orexin) neuropeptide precursor	11.0	Publications
2	LSL	Leptin, serum levels of	11.0	Publications
3	LEP	leptin	11.0	Publications
4	NPPB	natriuretic peptide B	11.0	Publications
5	AGT	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	11.0	Publications
6	NPPA	natriuretic peptide A	11.0	Publications
7	HSPA1A	heat shock 70kDa protein 1A	11.0	Publications
8	ADIPOQ	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	11.0	Publications
9	HTR2A	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2A, G protein-coupled	11.0	Publications
10	NOS3	nitric oxide synthase 3 (endothelial cell)	11.0	Publications
11	NPS	neuropeptide S	11.0	Publications
12	HTR3D	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 3D, ionotropic	11.0	Publications
13	KCNMB1	potassium large conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily M, beta member 1	11.0	Publications
14	HTR3E	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 3E, ionotropic	11.0	Publications
15	HTR3C	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 3C, ionotropic	11.0	Publications
16	EIF4EBP2	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 2	11.0	Publications
17	UCN3	urocortin 3 (stresscopin)	11.0	Publications
18	NDN	necdin homolog (mouse)	11.0	Publications
19	CXCL6	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 6 (granulocyte chemotactic protein 2)	11.0	Publications
20	INSIG2	insulin induced gene 2	11.0	Publications
21	PSPH	phosphoserine phosphatase	11.0	Publications
22	MC3R	melanocortin 3 receptor	11.0	Publications
23	PHOX2B	paired-like homeobox 2b	11.0	Publications
24	GPD1	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (soluble)	11.0	Publications
25	MCAM	melanoma cell adhesion molecule	11.0	Publications
26	ASCL1	achaete-scute complex homolog 1 (Drosophila)	11.0	Publications
27	ADRB1	adrenoceptor beta 1	11.0	Publications
28	APLN	apelin	11.0	Publications
29	MSX2	msh homeobox 2	11.0	Publications
30	MSX1	msh homeobox 1	11.0	Publications
31	SAA1	serum amyloid A1	11.0	Publications
32	FABP3	fatty acid binding protein 3, muscle and heart (mammary-derived growth inhibitor)	11.0	Publications
33	FABP4	fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte	11.0	Publications
34	GABBR1	gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, 1	11.0	Publications
35	TCOF1	Treacher Collins-Franceschetti syndrome 1	11.0	Publications
36	TAC1	tachykinin, precursor 1	11.0	Publications
37	HTR3B	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 3B, ionotropic	11.0	Publications
38	CYP7A1	cytochrome P450, family 7, subfamily A, polypeptide 1	11.0	Publications
39	HCRTR2	hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2	11.0	Publications
40	GTF3A	general transcription factor IIIA	11.0	Publications
41	PMP22	peripheral myelin protein 22	11.0	Publications
42	CYSLTR1	cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1	11.0	Publications
43	RETN	resistin	11.0	Publications
44	GHRH	growth hormone releasing hormone	11.0	Publications
45	RBP4	retinol binding protein 4, plasma	11.0	Publications
46	PROC	protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and VIIIa)	11.0	Publications
47	HTR1B	5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B, G protein-coupled	11.0	Publications
48	EDN3	endothelin 3	11.0	Publications
49	ADRA2A	adrenoceptor alpha 2A	11.0	Publications
50	ADRA1B	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	11.0	Publications

Pathways related to sleep apnea according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 98)

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	G alpha (q) signalling events38	10.6	AGTR1, TAC1, TACR1, HCRTR2, CCKAR, CYSLTR1
2	Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction20	10.5	CCKAR, MC4R, MC3R, LEPR, LEP, HTR1B
3	Calcium signaling pathway20	10.2	NOS2, ADRA1B, ADRB1, ADRB3, ADRB2, TACR1
4	Actin-Based Motility by Rho Family GTPases36	10.0	SPON1, GHRH, GH1, GNB3, IGF1, BDNF
5	Adipocytokines & Insulin Signaling37	10.0	RBP4, ADIPOQ, RETN, INS, IRS1, LEP
6	Telomerase Components in Cell Signaling36	9.8	SPON1, FGFR3, GHRH, IGF1, NTRK1, PDGFB
7	Signaling Involved in Cardiac Hypertrophy36	9.8	FGFR3, IGF1, FGFR2, IL6, GNB3, NTRK1
8	Statin Pathway, Pharmacodynamics34	9.7	APOA1, LPL, FDFT1, APOB, APOE, HMGCR
9	Akt Signaling36	9.7	GNB3, CCL2, IL6, IL4, IL18, IL10
10	ERK5 Signaling36	9.6	BDNF, TGFBR1, PDGFB, SPON1, GNB3, IL6
11	Selected targets of HNF110	9.2	PROC, APOH, UCP2, INS, APOA1, APOB
12	Angiogenesis3	9.2	MMP9, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, HMOX1, TGFBR1
13	Immune response IL-1 signaling pathway10	9.2	CP, EDN1, NOS2, HMOX1, IL8, IL1B
14	Intracellular Calcium Signaling36	9.2	HTR3D, HTR3E, GNB3, HTR3B, PDGFB, NTRK1
15	Immune response_IL-1 signaling pathway41	9.2	IL1B, SERPINE1, IL6, IL8, CP, EDN1
16	African trypanosomiasis20	9.2	ICAM1, SELE, IL10, IL18, IL1B, APOA1
17	Activation of PKA through GPCR36	9.2	NTRK1, CRP, ADRA2A, ADRA1B, NOS3, ADRB1
18	p53 Mediated Apoptosis36	9.2	IGF1, IGF2, IL6, FGFR3, FGFR1, BDNF
19	Activation of cAMP-Dependent PKA36	9.1	FGFR3, ADRB2, ADRA1B, BDNF, ADRA2A, FGFR1
20	Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts36	9.1	FGFR2, TGFBR1, PDGFB, NTRK1, SPON1, IGF2
21	cAMP Pathway36	9.1	ADRA2A, FGFR1, SPON1, FGFR3, IGF2, IL6
22	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway36	9.1	EDN1, EDNRA, IL13, IL1B, IL4, IL6
23	Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis41	9.1	IL6, APOE, IGF1, CALCA, TNF, TGFBR1
24	Cellular Apoptosis Pathway36	9.1	FGFR3, IL6, NTRK1, IGF1, GH1, FGFR1
25	Mitochondrial Apoptosis36	9.1	SPON1, NTRK1, PDGFB, TGFBR1, GHRH, GH1
26	Cytokine Network36	9.0	IL1B, TNF, IL18, IL4, IL6, IL13
27	eIF2 Pathway36	8.9	PDGFB, NTRK1, SPON1, GHRH, BDNF, GH1
28	Activation of PKC through GPCR36	8.9	IGF2, IL6, FGFR3, FGFR2, SPON1, FGFR1
29	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer36	8.9	CXCL6, IRS1, FGFR1, FGFR2, IL13, IL6
30	MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation36	8.9	IL1B, CXCL6, PF4, TNF, NR3C1, IL8
31	Malaria20	8.8	CD40LG, TNF, SELP, SELE, VCAM1, ICAM1
32	Pathways in cancer20	8.8	NTRK1, FGFR1, MMP9, FGFR2, SHH, NOS2
33	PEDF Induced Signaling36	8.7	IL4, CXCL6, IL10, IL18, IL6, GDNF
34	Renin-Angiotensin Pathway36	8.7	NTRK1, SPON1, IGF2, IGF1, GH1, GHRH
35	p70S6K Signaling36	8.7	PDGFB, TGFBR1, GHRH, SPON1, FGFR2, INS
36	PPAR Pathway36	8.7	IGF2, TGFBR1, PDGFB, PPARG, FGFR3, FGFR2
37	DHA Signaling36	8.6	BDNF, IGF2, FGFR3, IL1B, FGFR1, IGF1
38	Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction20	8.6	IL18, GH1, TNF, PF4, PDGFB, TGFBR1
39	ERK Signaling36	8.6	FGFR3, IL10, IL13, IL18, IL1B, IL6
40	MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells36	8.6	IL13, CCL2, IL10, PF4, IL8, IL6
41	NF-KappaB (p50-p65) Pathway36	8.5	SPON1, TNF, GHRH, GH1, IGF1, PDGFB
42	NF-KappaB Family Pathway36	8.4	IGF1, FGFR3, FGFR2, FGFR1, PDGFB, BDNF
43	TGF-Beta Pathway36	7.5	IL6, IL10, TGFBR1, PDGFB, GHRH, SPON1
44	Rho Family GTPases36	7.5	FGFR1, GHRH, SPON1, PF4, PDGFB, GFAP
45	PAK Pathway36	7.4	CCL2, IL6, IL4, IL1B, IL18, IL13
46	Tec Kinases Signaling36	7.4	GHRH, IGF2, CCL2, IL8, IL10, GH1
47	MAPK Family Pathway36	7.4	GH1, GHRH, TNF, SPON1, PDGFB, TGFBR1
48	Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C36	7.4	IL13, IL10, FGFR3, CXCL6, FGFR2, FGFR1
49	p38 Signaling36	7.4	IGF1, BDNF, FGFR1, IGF2, FGFR3, SPON1
50	JAK-STAT Pathway36	7.3	EPO, IL8, IL6, IL4, IL1B, IL18

Compounds related to sleep apnea according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 536)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cyclophosphamide32 34 9 9	13.9	APOH, F9, TAC1, NPPB
2	nitroglycerin32 9 9	12.6	GNB3, SST
3	ivig32	10.6	VWF, GTF3A, F9, CRP
4	nicotine32 34 9 9	13.5	GPT, SLC17A5
5	c-peptide32	10.1	RETN, LEP, IRS1, IGF2, PF4, LSL
6	aprotinin32 9 9	12.0	VWF, SELP, MMP9, IGF1, F9, PF4
7	risperidone32 34 9 18 9	14.0	BDNF, LEP, GPT, HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR3A
8	glucose32	10.0	UCN3, S100B, GTF3A, FGFR1, FGFR2, GPD1
9	carvedilol32 34 9 9	13.0	REN, SELE, VCAM1, NOS3, EDN1, ACE
10	tetrodotoxin32	9.8	BDNF, APOE, CCKAR, HTR3A, CALCA, EDN1
11	pravastatin32 34 9 18 9	13.7	SELE, SELP, SERPINE1, CHKA, GTF3A, FDFT1
12	gnrh32	9.7	SERPINE1, LEP, LEPR, INS, FGFR1, MC3R
13	prostaglandin f2alpha32	9.5	SERPINE1, LPL, GPD1, IGFBP3, IGF1, CALCA
14	ethanol32 34 9 18 9	13.4	BDNF, LEPR, CHKA, S100B, FGFR2, IL18
15	choline32 9 18 9	12.2	RET, LEPR, CHKA, S100B, APOA1, APOB
16	sodium32 18	10.1	REN, RETN, BDNF, GPT, ALB, GNB3
17	theophylline32 9 18 9	12.1	SELP, LPL, CD79A, CD40LG, IL10, IL13
18	pioglitazone32 9 9	11.1	RETN, RBP4, NAMPT, LPL, VCAM1, LEP
19	acipimox32	9.0	LEP, UCP3, INS, APOA1, APOB, IGF1
20	thapsigargin32 42	9.9	PCNA, SERPINE1, BDNF, IL13, IL4, HSPA1A
21	thiazolidinedione32	8.9	RETN, SERPINE1, LPL, LEP, UCP2, UCP3
22	calcium32 9 18 9	11.9	REN, RETN, VWF, RBP4, LMNA, BDNF
23	telmisartan32 9 9	10.9	REN, LEP, INS, ALB, PPARG, CRP
24	niacin32 9 9	10.7	NAMPT, LPL, CHKA, INS, APOA1, APOB
25	polysaccharide32	8.7	SELE, SELP, LPL, VCAM1, CD79A, CD40LG
26	fluvastatin32 34 9 9	11.6	VWF, SELP, SERPINE1, LPL, VCAM1, MMP9
27	vitamin a32 9 18 9	11.5	RET, RETN, VWF, RBP4, LPL, LEP
28	h2o232	8.5	VWF, BDNF, LEP, LEPR, UCP2, CD79A
29	dopamine32 9 18 9	11.4	REN, RET, RBP4, SELE, BDNF, LEPR
30	superoxide32 18	9.3	VCAM1, LEPR, CHKA, UCP2, UCP3, IL1B
31	epinephrine32 9 18 9	11.3	REN, SELE, SELP, BDNF, LEP, CD79A
32	ramipril32 9 9	10.3	REN, SERPINE1, CD79A, INS, ALB, HMGCR
33	guanine32 9 18 9	11.2	VWF, SELE, LPL, MMP9, FGFR2, FGFR3
34	ribavirin32 34 9 9	11.1	LEP, CD40LG, MMP9, IL10, IL18, IL4
35	ribonucleic acid32	8.0	RET, RBP4, NAMPT, LEPR, UCP2, UCP3
36	glutamate32	8.0	PCNA, LEP, LEPR, CHKA, CD79A, MMP9
37	8-isoprostane32	8.0	RETN, SELE, SERPINE1, VCAM1, LEP, MMP9
38	rosiglitazone32 9 18 9	10.5	RETN, RBP4, SELE, SERPINE1, NAMPT, LPL
39	fibrinogen32	7.5	RETN, SELE, SELP, SERPINE1, NAMPT, VCAM1
40	pd 98,05932	7.2	RET, SERPINE1, VCAM1, BDNF, LEP, MMP9
41	losartan32 34 9 9	10.1	REN, VWF, PCNA, SELE, SELP, SERPINE1
42	pdtc32	7.1	SELE, VCAM1, MMP9, IL18, IL1B, IL4
43	cysteine32	7.1	PCNA, RBP4, SELP, LEPR, S100B, CD79A
44	creatinine32	6.6	REN, RETN, VWF, PCNA, RBP4, SELE
45	prostacyclin32	5.9	REN, VWF, SELE, SELP, SERPINE1, VCAM1
46	actinomycin d32	5.6	RETN, SELE, SERPINE1, BDNF, CD40LG, MMP9
47	cholesterol32 9 18 9	8.3	REN, RETN, VWF, RBP4, SELE, SELP
48	alanine32	5.1	RET, RETN, VWF, PCNA, RBP4, SELE
49	thyroxine32 18	6.0	REN, RETN, VWF, PCNA, RBP4, LPL
50	lactate32	3.9	VWF, PCNA, RBP4, SELE, SELP, LPL

Cellular components related to sleep apnea according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	high-density lipoprotein particle	GO:034364	10.2	PON1, APOE, APOA1, SAA1, APOH
2	very-low-density lipoprotein particle	GO:034361	9.7	APOH, APOE, APOB, APOA1, LPL
3	neuronal cell body	GO:043025	9.6	CALCA, S100B, ASCL1, APOE, CCL2, HTR3A
4	external side of plasma membrane	GO:009897	9.4	MCAM, ICAM1, TNF, ACE, ECE1, IL4
5	integral to plasma membrane	GO:005887	9.1	TACR1, AGTR1, HCRTR2, EDNRA, NTRK1, SLC17A5
6	platelet alpha granule lumen	GO:031093	8.8	KNG1, PDGFB, PF4, ALB, IGF1, SERPINE1
7	plasma membrane	GO:005886	7.8	SHH, EDNRA, ACE, HCRTR2, AGTR1, NOS3
8	extracellular region	GO:005576	4.6	GDNF, RETN, IL1B, IL6, IL8, APLN
9	extracellular space	GO:005615	4.0	IL18, IL1B, IL4, IL6, IL8, APOA1

Biological processes related to sleep apnea according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 76)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	sensory perception of pain	GO:019233	10.7	NDN, ADRB1, TAC1, TACR1, EDNRA, EDN1
2	phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	GO:007200	10.7	AGTR1, HCRT, HCRTR2, AGT, TACR1, MC3R
3	positive regulation of renal sodium excretion	GO:035815	10.6	AGT, KNG1, NPPB, TAC1, TACR1, EDN1
4	positive regulation of MAP kinase activity	GO:043406	10.6	ADRA2A, EDN3, EDN1, FGFR1, GH1, TNF
5	response to insulin stimulus	GO:032868	10.6	LEP, RBP4, UCP3, INSIG2, IL10, MC4R
6	regulation of vasoconstriction	GO:019229	10.6	ECE1, EDN1, EDN3, ACE, AGT, AGTR1
7	artery smooth muscle contraction	GO:014824	10.5	AGT, EDN3, EDNRA, EDN1
8	positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process	GO:030819	10.4	MC4R, CALCA, ADRB1, ADM, GHRH, MC3R
9	feeding behavior	GO:007631	10.4	HTR2C, BDNF, MC4R, NPY, HCRTR2, CALCA
10	activation of adenylate cyclase activity	GO:007190	10.4	NTRK1, CALCA, ADRB1, ADRB3, ADRB2, EDNRA
11	positive regulation of vasodilation	GO:045909	10.3	INS, CALCA, HMOX1, NOS3, ADRB2, ADM
12	negative regulation of blood coagulation	GO:030195	10.3	APOE, SERPINE1, KNG1, PROC, EDN1, APOH
13	leukocyte tethering or rolling	GO:050901	10.3	TNF, LEP, VCAM1, SELP, SELE
14	response to cold	GO:009409	10.2	ADRB1, ADRB3, ADM, ADRB2, AGT, PPARG
15	response to nicotine	GO:035094	10.1	MMP9, IL13, HMOX1, EDN1, GABBR1, TACR1
16	negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	GO:048662	10.0	ADIPOQ, NPPB, NOS3, PPARG, HMOX1, IGFBP3
17	positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade	GO:014068	10.0	AGT, PDGFB, GH1, IGF1, FGFR1, INS
18	leukocyte cell-cell adhesion	GO:007159	10.0	CALCA, SELE, SELP, VCAM1, ICAM1, CD40LG
19	brown fat cell differentiation	GO:050873	9.9	ADIPOQ, ADRB1, ADRB3, ADRB2, PPARG, FABP4
20	regulation of blood pressure	GO:008217	9.9	PPARG, HMOX1, CALCA, GNB3, LEP, NOS3
21	positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	GO:010744	9.8	LPL, APOB, AGTR1, AGT, PF4
22	response to hyperoxia	GO:055093	9.8	SERPINE1, MMP9, IL18, NOS3, EPO
23	heart development	GO:007507	9.8	PCNA, RBP4, VCAM1, PPARG, PDGFB, ECE1
24	response to ethanol	GO:045471	9.8	RBP4, MMP9, NOS3, HTR1B, IL13, IL4
25	elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	GO:007204	9.8	TAC1, AGTR1, ADM, HCRT, KNG1, EDNRA
26	response to lipopolysaccharide	GO:032496	9.7	EPO, SELE, SELP, MMP9, IL13, APOB
27	positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	GO:048661	9.6	HIF1A, IL6, IGF1, HMOX1, TNF, EDN1
28	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	GO:007186	9.6	INS, SST, IL8, APOA1, APOE, CCL2
29	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	GO:050731	9.6	ADIPOQ, AGT, INS, IL6, IGF2, IGF1
30	response to glucocorticoid stimulus	GO:051384	9.5	ADIPOQ, IL1B, UCP3, IL10, ADM, SERPINE1
31	aging	GO:007568	9.4	VCAM1, EPO, ADRB1, ADM, HMGCR, ADRB3
32	glucose homeostasis	GO:042593	9.4	PPARG, IRS1, HIF1A, ADRA1B, ADIPOQ, RBP4
33	response to heat	GO:009408	9.4	MMP9, TACR1, SOD1, NOS3, SST, CALCA
34	positive regulation of apoptotic process	GO:043065	9.4	AGT, KNG1, ADRB2, MSX1, MSX2, MMP9
35	negative regulation of cell proliferation	GO:008285	9.3	MSX1, NDN, MSX2, FGFR2, IL6, IL8
36	positive regulation of MAPK cascade	GO:043410	9.3	ADRA1B, ADRB3, ADRB2, AGT, DUSP19, IGF1
37	positive regulation of mitosis	GO:045840	9.2	INS, IGF1, TNF, PDGFB, EDN1, IGF2
38	response to nutrient	GO:007584	9.2	UCP3, IL4, CCKAR, HMGCR, SST, PPARG
39	positive regulation of angiogenesis	GO:045766	9.2	ADM, HIF1A, NOS3, NTRK1, HMOX1, IL1B
40	positive regulation of cell proliferation	GO:008284	9.1	HTR2A, LEP, IRS1, INS, FGFR1, FGFR2
41	MAPK cascade	GO:000165	9.1	FGFR1, FGFR3, IL18, IL1B, CCL2, TNF
42	negative regulation of apoptotic process	GO:043066	9.1	IL6, FGFR1, ALB, TNF, SHH, INS
43	cell-cell signaling	GO:007267	9.0	ADM, IL1B, GHRH, SST, SHH, EDN3
44	response to hypoxia	GO:001666	8.9	TNF, CCL2, IL1B, IL18, MMP9, UCP3
45	anti-apoptosis	GO:006916	8.8	HMOX1, CCL2, APOE, IL1B, IL10, CD40LG
46	platelet degranulation	GO:002576	8.8	SOD1, PDGFB, TF, PF4, IGF1, APOA1
47	platelet activation	GO:030168	8.6	ALB, VWF, ADRA2A, KNG1, SOD1, TF
48	response to drug	GO:042493	8.5	SOD1, EDN1, PDGFB, NOS3, PPARG, SST
49	blood coagulation	GO:007596	8.3	NOS3, NOS2, ALB, IGF1, PF4, APOB
50	inflammatory response	GO:006954	8.3	TNF, CYSLTR1, SELP, CRP, TACR1, TAC1

Molecular functions related to sleep apnea according to GeneDecks:

(show all 14)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	norepinephrine binding	GO:051380	10.6	ADRA2A, ADRB2, ADRB3, ADRB1
2	serotonin receptor activity	GO:004993	10.5	HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR3A, HTR3B, HTR1B
3	serotonin binding	GO:051378	10.4	HTR3A, HTR2C, HTR2A, HTR1B
4	epinephrine binding	GO:051379	10.4	ADRA2A, ADRB1, ADRB3, ADRB2
5	eukaryotic cell surface binding	GO:043499	10.0	ADIPOQ, PDGFB, APOH, SELP, EPO
6	heparin binding	GO:008201	9.6	KNG1, FGFR2, APOB, APOE, APOH, CCL2
7	receptor binding	GO:005102	9.6	REN, NOS2, NPPA, NPPB, NPY, KNG1
8	hormone activity	GO:005179	9.4	NPPB, EPO, ADIPOQ, ADM, NPPA, AGT
9	insulin-like growth factor receptor binding	GO:005159	9.3	REN, IRS1, INS, IGF2, IGF1
10	drug binding	GO:008144	9.1	ADRB1, CHKA, HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C, PPARG
11	cytokine activity	GO:005125	9.0	IL4, IL18, IL1B, IL13, IL10, CD40LG
12	protein homodimerization activity	GO:042803	8.9	ADRB2, ECE1, SLC6A4, PON1, PSPH, ADRA2A
13	growth factor activity	GO:008083	8.4	BDNF, LEP, IL10, IL1B, IL4, IL6
14	protein binding	GO:005515	2.8	APOA1, IL8, CRP, IL4, IL13, FGFR3