Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus malady

Wikipedia: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (formerly noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset...⁴⁴ more...

MalaCards: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, also known as diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent, is related to diabetes mellitus and obesity. An important gene associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is PEA15 (phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15), and among its related pathways are Glucose / Energy Metabolism and PPAR signaling pathway. The drugs glipizide and chromium picolinate and the compounds serine and phospholipid have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include whole blood, spleen and brain, and related mouse phenotypes are homeostasis/metabolism and growth/size.

Disease Ontology: A diabetes mellitus that involves high blood glucose resulting from cells fail to use insulin properly.⁶

OMIM: 125853

Aliases & Descriptions:

type 2 diabetes mellitus 6 diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent 33 43 niddm 6 32 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 6

diabetes mellitus, type ii 33 diabetes mellitus, type 2 33 diabetes mellitus 43

Disease types for type 1 diabetes mellitus family:

diabetes mellitus	type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diseases related to type 2 diabetes mellitus by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 1087)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	diabetes mellitus	68.7	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP5, LRP6, COG2, PDE3B
2	obesity	54.0	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP5, COG2, PDE3B, REN
3	type 1 diabetes mellitus	48.0	LRP5, RETN, GCK, GCG, RBP4, NAGLU
4	hypertension	47.0	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP5, LRP6, COG2, PDE3B
5	cholesterol	46.8	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP5, LRP6, COG2, PDE3B
6	pancreatitis	45.8	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP5, PDE3B, REN, RETN
7	carcinoma	44.5	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP5, LRP6, PDE3B, REN
8	atherosclerosis	44.3	PIK3C2A, LRP5, LRP6, COG2, REN, RETN
9	hyperglycemia	44.0	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, COG2, RETN, CNR1, VWF
10	nephropathy	43.4	COG2, REN, RETN, VWF, GCK, GCG
11	coronary heart disease	42.4	PIK3C2A, LRP5, COG2, RETN, VWF, GCKR
12	hyperlipidemia	41.0	PIK3C2A, COG2, RETN, VWF, GCK, RBP4
13	thyroiditis	40.6	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, COG2, REN, RETN, CNR2
14	fatty liver disease	40.4	COG2, RETN, CNR1, PCK2, RBP4, SERPINE1
15	insulin resistance	40.3	LEPR, UCP2, IRS1, INS, PTPN1, PPARGC1B
16	neuronitis	39.3	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP6, PDE3B, REN, RETN
17	hypertriglyceridemia	39.1	COG2, GCKR, RBP4, SELE, SELP, SERPINE1
18	retinol binding protein	38.9	RETN, RDH5, PCK2, RBP4, NAGLU, NAMPT
19	obesity, association with	38.8	RETN, CNR1, VWF, RBP4, SERPINA12, SERPINE1
20	homocysteine	38.7	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, COG2, REN, RETN, VWF
21	prostatitis	38.3	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP5, RETN, CNR1, CNR2
22	hypoglycemia	38.2	PCK2, PCK1, GCKR, GCK, GCG, GCGR
23	twinning	38.0	PIK3R1, COG2, REN, RETN, VWF, RDH5
24	lipodystrophy	38.0	RETN, RBP4, SERPINE1, NAMPT, LPA, LPIN1
25	vascular disease	37.7	RETN, VWF, SELE, SELP, SERPINC1, SERPINE1
26	maturity-onset diabetes of the young	37.7	PCBD1, PCK2, PCK1, GCKR, GCK, GCG
27	essential hypertension	37.6	COG2, REN, RETN, VWF, GCK, GCGR
28	ischemia	37.6	PIK3C2A, COG2, REN, RETN, CNR1, CNR2
29	myocardial infarction	37.4	PIK3C2A, COG2, REN, RETN, CNR1, CNR2
30	hyperandrogenism	36.8	REN, RETN, NAMPT, LEP, BAIAP2L1, CD36
31	diabetic retinopathy	36.7	CNR1, VWF, RBP4, SELE, SELL, SELP
32	blindness	36.6	PIK3C2A, LRP5, COG2, REN, CNR1, VWF
33	acute myocardial infarction	36.6	PIK3C2A, COG2, REN, RETN, VWF, GCG
34	hyperhomocysteinemia	36.5	VWF, SELE, SELP, SERPINC1, SERPINE1, LPA
35	hyperinsulinism	36.2	RETN, GCKR, GCK, GCG, SELE, SERPINE1
36	liver cirrhosis	36.1	REN, RETN, CNR1, CNR2, GCG, RBP4
37	neuropathy	35.8	PIK3C2A, PDE3B, REN, RETN, CNR1, VWF
38	alzheimer's disease	35.8	PIK3R1, LRP6, COG2, REN, CNR1, CNR2
39	hypercholesterolemia	35.8	PIK3C2A, COG2, RETN, VWF, GCG, RBP4
40	insulinoma	35.0	GCK, GCG, PBX1, PAX4, SDHB, KCNJ11
41	hepatitis	34.9	RBP4, SELP, GSR, GPT, F2, ALB
42	cerebritis	34.8	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP6, COG2, REN, CNR1
43	alcoholism	34.8	CNR1, CFTR, GSR, IL1RN, MAOB, CCK
44	high blood pressure	34.5	COG2, REN, RETN, LPL, BGLAP, LEP
45	acromegaly	34.2	RETN, GCG, GC, RBP4, SERPINC1, SERPINE1
46	arterial calcification	34.0	VWF, GC, SELE, VDR, BGLAP, KCNJ11
47	ischemic heart disease	34.0	PIK3C2A, COG2, RETN, SELP, SERPINE1, LPA
48	polyneuropathy	34.0	RBP4, VEGFA, CLU, MT-TL1, B2M, MMP9
49	proteinuria	34.0	PIK3C2A, COG2, REN, VWF, RBP4, SELL
50	autoimmune thyroiditis	33.9	CD40, ITGB2, IL2RA, IL4, IFNG, ICAM1

Clinical features from OMIM: 125853

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

Inferred drug relations via UMLS/NDF-RT:

^43 28 acarbose, acetohexamide, chlorpropamide, chromium picolinate, exenatide, glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide, insulin, insulin,aspart protamine, insulin,aspart,human/rdna, insulin,detemir,human, insulin,glargine,human/rdna, insulin,glulisine,human, insulin,lente,beef, insulin,lente,beef/pork, insulin,lente,beef/purified, insulin,lente,human/rdna, insulin,lente,human/semisynthetic, insulin,lente,pork/purified, insulin,lispro,human/rdna, insulin,lispro,protamine/rdna, insulin,nph,beef, insulin,nph,beef/pork, insulin,nph,beef/purified, insulin,nph,human/rdna, insulin,nph,human/semisynthetic, insulin,nph,pork/purified, insulin,protamine zinc,beef/pork, insulin,protamine zinc,beef/purified, insulin,protamine zinc,pork/purified, insulin,regular,beef/pork, insulin,regular,beef/purified, insulin,regular,human buffered, insulin,regular,human/rdna, insulin,regular,human/semisynthetic, insulin,regular,pork, insulin,regular,pork/purified, insulin,semilente,beef, insulin,semilente,beef/pork, insulin,semilente,pork/purified, insulin,ultralente,beef, insulin,ultralente,beef/pork, insulin,ultralente,beef/purified, insulin,ultralente,human, insulin,ultralente,human/rdna, metformin, metformin hydrochloride, miglitol, nateglinide, pioglitazone, pioglitazone hcl, pioglitazone hydrochloride, pramlintide, repaglinide, rosiglitazone, rosiglitazone maleate, sitagliptin, sitagliptin phosphate, tolazamide, tolbutamide, tolbutamide sodium, troglitazone

Cell-based therapeutics:

MalaCards organs/tissues related to type 2 diabetes mellitus:

²²

id	Organ / Tissue -> Anatomical Compartment -> Cell	Relevance
1	Pancreas -> Islets of Langerhans -> Mature Beta Cells	Potential therapeutic candidate, affected by disease

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to type 2 diabetes mellitus:

²⁵ (show all 26)

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	20.7	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP5, LRP6, PDE3B, REN
2	growth/size phenotype	MP:0005378	17.6	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP6, PDE3B, REN, CNR1
3	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	17.1	PIK3C2A, LRP5, LRP6, REN, CNR1, VWF
4	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	15.8	LRP5, LRP6, REN, CNR1, PCK1, SELE
5	immune system phenotype	MP:0005387	14.8	LRP5, REN, CNR2, VWF, SELL, SELP
6	liver/biliary system phenotype	MP:0005370	13.6	LRP5, LRP6, RETN, PCK1, GCK, SERPINC1
7	adipose tissue phenotype	MP:0005375	13.1	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, LRP6, PDE3B, RETN, CNR1
8	renal/urinary system phenotype	MP:0005367	12.9	LRP6, REN, PCBD1, GCK, SELP, NAGLU
9	cardiovascular system phenotype	MP:0005385	12.6	PIK3R1, LRP5, REN, VWF, RBP4, SELE
10	cellular phenotype	MP:0005384	12.5	PIK3R1, LRP5, LRP6, CNR1, VWF, RBP4
11	respiratory system phenotype	MP:0005388	12.4	LRP6, SELL, SELP, LPL, BDNF, LEPR
12	no phenotypic analysis	MP:0003012	12.1	PIK3R1, LRP6, CNR1, PCK1, VEGFA, VCAM1
13	endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype	MP:0005379	12.1	LRP5, SELL, KCNJ11, LDLR, CDKN2B, CDKAL1
14	hematopoietic system phenotype	MP:0005397	12.1	BCL2, MT2A, MT1A, P2RY12, FTH1, CDKN2B
15	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	12.1	LRP5, LRP6, REN, CNR1, VWF, SELP
16	integument phenotype	MP:0010771	12.0	LRP6, PDE3B, CNR1, CNR2, PCBD1, PCK1
17	reproductive system phenotype	MP:0005389	11.7	LRP6, REN, GCGR, RBP4, VEGFA, LPIN1
18	normal phenotype	MP:0002873	11.2	PIK3R1, LRP5, LRP6, REN, PCK1, GCGR
19	digestive/alimentary phenotype	MP:0005381	11.1	LRP6, VWF, GCG, VEGFA, VDR, LIPE
20	muscle phenotype	MP:0005369	11.0	PIK3R1, REN, RBP4, VEGFA, LPIN1, LPL
21	embryogenesis phenotype	MP:0005380	11.0	LRP5, LRP6, SERPINC1, PBX1, SCARB1, XRCC1
22	skeleton phenotype	MP:0005390	11.0	LRP6, CNR1, GC, NAGLU, VEGFA, LPIN1
23	vision/eye phenotype	MP:0005391	10.7	LRP5, LRP6, RDH5, PCBD1, RBP4, SELE
24	limbs/digits/tail phenotype	MP:0005371	10.7	LRP5, LRP6, VEGFA, VDR, MYO5A, PBX1
25	other phenotype	MP:0005395	10.0	CNR1, CLU, PBX1, LEPR, LDLR, CDKN2A
26	tumorigenesis	MP:0002006	7.9	PIK3R1, SELL, SERPINE1, BCL2, SDC1, LEP

Articles related to type 2 diabetes mellitus:

(show top 50)    (show all 1290)

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	Clinical differences between patients with MODY-3, MO DY-2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus with I27L polymorphism in the HNF1alpha gene. (20172480)	PinAcs Corrales P.J.... Botella Romero F.	2010	HNF1A
2	Clinical significance and different levels of urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (19097668)	Wang Q.Y.... Chen F.Q.	2009	CCL2
3	Hepatocyte growth factor levels are associated with the results of 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (19154948)	Anan F.... Yoshimatsu H.	2009	HGF, IL6
4	Levels of homocysteine and polymorphisms of homocysteine metabolism-related enzymes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease (19267073)	Luo D.... Song Y.	2009	CBS, MTHFR
5	Correlation and association between plasma platelet-, monocyte- and endothelial cell-derived microparticles in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (19658004)	Nomura S.... Maeda Y.	2009	SELP, CCL2, SELE
6	Association of malignant insulinoma and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case report. (18291348)	Schmitt J.... Jeandidier N.	2008	CHGA
7	A retrospective analysis of the fasting plasma glucos e and glycosylated hemoglobin and pharmacotherapy change patterns among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. (18343267)	Davidson J.... Fedder D.	2008	HBA1
8	Beneficial effects of rosiglitazone on novel cardiovascular risk factors in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. (18307460)	Kadoglou N.P.... Alevizos M.	2008	MMP9, TIMP2, TIMP1
9	Vitamin E supplementation reduces cardiovascular events in a subgroup of middle-aged individuals with both type 2 diabetes mellitus and the haptoglobin 2-2 genotype: a prospective double-blinded clinical trial. (18032779)	Milman U.... Levy A.P.	2008	HP
10	Von Willebrand factor, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and risk of cardiovascular disease: the framingham offspring study. (19029465)	Frankel D.S.... Tofler G.H.	2008	VWF
11	Training-induced improvement in lipid oxidation in type 2 diabetes mellitus is related to alterations in muscle mitochondrial activity. Effect of endurance training in type 2 diabetes. (18396088)	Bordenave S.... Mercier J.	2008	CS
12	Effects of carvedilol versus metoprolol on endothelia l function and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (17586413)	Bank A.J.... Gonzalez-Campoy J.M.	2007	CRP, INS
13	Apolipoprotein E genotype affects the response to lipid-lowering therapy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (17199722)	Tavintharan S.... Sum C.F.	2007	APOE
14	Paraoxonase (PON1) activity in north west Indian Punjabis with coronary artery disease & type 2 diabetes mellitus. (17704557)	Singh S.... Goel R.C.	2007	PON1, COG2
15	Dyslipidemia and other cardiovascular risk factors in a Canadian First Nation pediatric population with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (18036065)	Sellers E.A.... Dean H.J.	2007	APOB
16	Vildagliptin: a novel oral therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. (17563048)	Lauster C.D.... Muench S.V.	2007	DPP4, GCG, INS
17	The interactive role of type 2 diabetes mellitus and E-selectin S128R mutation on susceptibility to coronary heart disease. (17578587)	Abu-Amero K.K.... Dzimiri N.	2007	SELE
18	Bile acid sequestrants and the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. (17600387)	Staels B.... Kuipers F.	2007	NR1H4
19	Incretin strategy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus--DPPIV (18019673)	PerusicovA! J.	2007	DPP4, GCG
20	Mitochondrial complex I activity is significantly decreased in a patient with maternally inherited type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with mitochondrial DNA C3310T mutation: a cybrid study. (16828917)	Chen J.... Tawata M.	2006	NDUFS4, MT-ND1
21	Urinary activities of cathepsin B, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (16641878)	Piwowar A.... Warwas M.	2006	CTSB, NAGLU
22	The effects of rosiglitazone treatment on the fibrino lytic system in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (16444435)	Guldiken S.... Fareed J.	2006	SERPINE1, INS
23	Managing atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. (16428924)	Venkatapuram S.... Shannon R.P.	2006	INS
24	Relationship between the serum concentrations of C-reactive protein and parameters of adiposity and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (16714840)	Iwasaki T.... Terauchi Y.	2006	CRP
25	Metformin for type-2 diabetes mellitus. Systematic r eview and meta-analysis (16153370)	SA!enz Calvo A.... Moher D.	2005	INS
26	Correlation between intracellular interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and IFN-gamma gene polymorphism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). (15935691)	Tsiavou A.... Raptis S.A.	2005	IFNG
27	Metformin monotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. (16034881)	Saenz A.... Moher D.	2005	INS
28	Anticardiolipin and anti-beta2 glycoprotein I antibod y concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (15936458)	Tarkun I.... CantA1rk Z.	2005	APOH
29	Osteoclastic function is accelerated in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the preventive role of osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor/osteoprotegerin (OCIF/OPG) on the decrease of bone mineral density. (15860239)	Suzuki K.... Ishida H.	2005	ACP5
30	Analysis of small dense LDL in patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus by the modified Krauss method using an internal standard (16235834)	Tsukamoto H.... Watanabe K.	2005	FTH1
31	Effect of ACE gene polymorphism on carbohydrate metabolism, on oxidative stress and on end-organ damage in type-2 diabetes mellitus (15156690)	Molnar G.A.... Wittmann I.	2004	ACE
32	Heritability of GFR and albuminuria in Caucasians wit h type 2 diabetes mellitus. (15112169)	Langefeld C.D.... Freedman B.I.	2004	ALB
33	Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus through inhibition of the Renin-Angiotensin system. (15516153)	Scheen A.J.	2004	ACE, INS
34	Candidate genes and late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. Susceptibility genes or common polymorphisms? (14694850)	Hansen L.	2003	INSR, PPP1R3A, NEUROG3
35	The relationship between MTHFR gene polymorphisms, plasma homocysteine levels and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (12667409)	Sun J.... Zhang Y.	2003	MTHFR
36	The role of Hemochromatosis C282Y and H63D mutations in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Greece. (17003003)	Habeos I.G.... Vagenakis A.G.	2003	HFE
37	Association study of the vitamin D: 1alpha-hydroxylase (CYP1alpha) gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Polish population. (12746631)	Malecki M.T.... Sieradzki J.	2003	CYP1A1, CYP27B1
38	Glimepiride in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review of the worldwide therapeutic experience. (12852703)	Massi-Benedetti M.	2003	INS
39	Efficacy and safety profile of glimepiride in Mexican American Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. (12637120)	Luis Bautista J.... Atherton T.	2003	SERPINE1, INS
40	Polymorphisms in fatty acid-binding protein-3 (FABP3) - putative association with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (12872269)	Shin H.D.... Park K.S.	2003	FABP3
41	Elevated levels of interleukin-18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in serum of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: relationship with diabetic nephropathy. (12759891)	Moriwaki Y.... Hada T.	2003	IL6, IL18
42	Polymorphisms and functions of the aldose reductase gene 5' regulatory region in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (11940333)	Li Q.... Song H.	2002	AR
43	Reduced leptin concentrations in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sudan. (11887164)	Abdelgadir M.... AhrAcn B.	2002	LEP, LSL
44	Cardiovascular and renal protection in type 2 diabetes mellitus: the role of calcium channel blockers. (12466317)	Nosadini R.... Tonolo G.	2002	ACE, ALB
45	Lack of association between polymorphisms of catalase, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD), extracellular SOD and endothelial nitric oxide synthase genes and macroangiopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (11350569)	Ukkola O.... Kesaniemi Y.A.	2001	SOD1, NOS3, SOD2
46	Naturally occurring mutations in the melanocortin receptor 3 gene are not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in French Caucasians. (11397906)	Hani E.H.... Froguel P.	2001	MC3R, MC4R
47	Current treatment of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (11965833)	Tan M.H.	2000	PCK2, INS
48	Effect of oral vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) supplementation on vascular endothelial function in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. (10220204)	Gazis A.... Cockcroft J.R.	1999	KNG1
49	Polymorphisms of platelet glycoproteins in relation to macrovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (9585397)	Carter A.M.... Grant P.J.	1998	ITGA2B, ITGB3
50	Insulin-like growth factor-I improves glucose and lip id metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (1469083)	Zenobi P.D.... Froesch E.R.	1992	IGF1, INS

Genes related to type 2 diabetes mellitus according to GeneCards:

(show top 50)    (show all 437)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	PEA15	phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15	11.1	Publications, Summaries
2	LEP	leptin	11.1	Publications, Summaries
3	PPARGC1B	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 beta	11.1	Publications, Functions, Summaries
4	IDE	insulin-degrading enzyme	11.1	Summaries, Publications
5	BW32	Body weight QTL 32	11.0	Publications
6	BW34	Body weight QTL 34	11.0	Publications
7	BW33	Body weight QTL 33	11.0	Publications
8	MT-TE	mitochondrially encoded tRNA glutamic acid	11.0	Publications
9	MIR144	microRNA 144	11.0	Publications
10	MT-TL1	mitochondrially encoded tRNA leucine 1 (UUA/G)	11.0	Publications
11	GCG	glucagon	11.0	Publications
12	MT-RNR1	mitochondrially encoded 12S RNA	11.0	Publications
13	MT-RNR2	mitochondrially encoded 16S RNA	11.0	Publications
14	CAPN10	calpain 10	11.0	Publications
15	RETN	resistin	11.0	Publications
16	RRAD	Ras-related associated with diabetes	11.0	Publications
17	IAPP	islet amyloid polypeptide	11.0	Publications
18	IGFL3	IGF-like family member 3	11.0	Publications
19	DPP4	dipeptidyl-peptidase 4	11.0	Publications
20	DUSP2	dual specificity phosphatase 2	11.0	Publications
21	RARRES2	retinoic acid receptor responder (tazarotene induced) 2	11.0	Publications
22	GIP	gastric inhibitory polypeptide	11.0	Publications
23	SLC5A2	solute carrier family 5 (sodium/glucose cotransporter), member 2	11.0	Publications
24	ITLN1	intelectin 1 (galactofuranose binding)	11.0	Publications
25	CLPS	colipase, pancreatic	11.0	Publications
26	FGF21	fibroblast growth factor 21	11.0	Publications
27	PLTP	phospholipid transfer protein	11.0	Publications
28	NAMPT	nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase	11.0	Publications
29	MT1A	metallothionein 1A	11.0	Publications
30	SUMO4	SMT3 suppressor of mif two 3 homolog 4 (S. cerevisiae)	11.0	Publications
31	UTS2R	urotensin 2 receptor	11.0	Publications
32	CARTPT	CART prepropeptide	11.0	Publications
33	RDH5	retinol dehydrogenase 5 (11-cis/9-cis)	11.0	Publications
34	INS	insulin	11.0	Publications
35	KCNJ9	potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 9	11.0	Publications
36	ADIPOQ	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	11.0	Publications
37	FN3K	fructosamine 3 kinase	11.0	Publications
38	ADRA2B	adrenoceptor alpha 2B	11.0	Publications
39	GLP1R	glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor	11.0	Publications
40	HHEX	hematopoietically expressed homeobox	11.0	Publications
41	LEPROT	leptin receptor overlapping transcript	11.0	Publications
42	RNPEPL1	arginyl aminopeptidase (aminopeptidase B)-like 1	11.0	Publications
43	PCK1	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (soluble)	11.0	Publications
44	MT1E	metallothionein 1E	11.0	Publications
45	DBP	D site of albumin promoter (albumin D-box) binding protein	11.0	Publications
46	APOM	apolipoprotein M	11.0	Publications
47	SERPINA12	serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 12	11.0	Publications
48	RLN2	relaxin 2	11.0	Publications
49	RLN1	relaxin 1	11.0	Publications
50	COG2	component of oligomeric golgi complex 2	11.0	Publications

Pathways related to type 2 diabetes mellitus according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 95)

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Glucose / Energy Metabolism3	13.3	PCK2, GCG, LPIN1, LNPEP, LIPE, SCD
2	PPAR signaling pathway20	12.6	PCK2, PCK1, LPL, SCD, UCP1, CD36
3	Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins38	12.5	GC, LPIN1, LPL, LIPE, CLPS, SCARB1
4	Adipocytokines & Insulin Signaling37	12.5	PIK3R1, RETN, RBP4, SERPINA12, NAMPT, LEP
5	Insulin signaling pathway20	12.4	PIK3R1, PDE3B, PCK2, PCK1, GCK, LIPE
6	Selected targets of HNF110	12.3	LPA, UCP2, T, CFTR, INS, APOA1
7	Maturity onset diabetes of the young20	12.0	GCK, PAX4, IAPP, HNF1A, HNF1B, HNF4A
8	Anti-diabetic Drug Potassium Channel Inhibitors Pathway, Pharmacodynamics34	12.0	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, GCK, KCNJ11, IRS1, IRS2
9	Type II diabetes mellitus20	12.0	PIK3R1, GCK, KCNJ11, IRS1, IRS2, IRS4
10	Statin Pathway, Pharmacodynamics34	11.9	LPL, LIPC, SCARB1, LDLR, LCAT, MTTP
11	Adipocytokine signaling pathway20	11.9	PCK2, PCK1, LEP, LEPR, CD36, IRS1
12	Metabolic pathways20	11.9	PIK3C2A, PCK2, PCK1, GCK, NAGLU, LIPG
13	AMPK Enzyme Complex Pathway36	11.9	PIK3R1, LIPE, LEP, CFTR, GYS1, GYS2
14	Activation of PKA through GPCR36	11.5	PDE3B, GCG, GCGR, UTS2, LIPE, BDNF
15	Selected targets of C/EBPalpha10	11.4	RETN, SERPINC1, CETP, CD36, MMP8, APOB
16	Development_Leptin signaling via PI3K-dependent pathway41	11.4	PIK3R1, PDE3B, KCNJ11, LEP, LEPR, GYS2
17	Akt Signaling36	11.3	PIK3R1, PDE3B, UTS2, ITGA2B, ITGB2, GYS1
18	Development Leptin signaling via PI3K-dependent pathway10	11.1	PIK3R1, PDE3B, KCNJ11, LEPR, GYS2, IRS1
19	Selected targets of GCR-alpha10	10.9	LPIN1, LEP, CHAT, UCP3, INS, INSR
20	cAMP Pathway36	10.8	PIK3R1, PDE3B, GCG, GCGR, UTS2, LIPE
21	Malaria20	10.7	SELE, SELP, VCAM1, SDC1, CD36, CD40
22	PGC1Alpha Pathway36	10.4	BCL2, BAX, INSR, IL18, IL1B, IL1R1
23	Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis41	10.2	VDR, BGLAP, CDKN1C, AR, IL1B, IL6
24	PPAR Pathway36	10.1	PIK3R1, UTS2, ITGA2B, ITGB2, ITGB3, FLT1
25	ERK Signaling36	10.1	PIK3R1, UTS2, ITGA2B, ITGB2, FLT1, INSR
26	Transcription Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis10	10.1	VDR, BGLAP, CDKN1C, AR, IL1B, IL6
27	Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts36	10.0	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, FLT1, FGF2, FGF21
28	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer36	10.0	PIK3R1, LRP5, LRP6, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2
29	Tec Kinases Signaling36	10.0	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, BAX, ITGA2B
30	JNK Pathway36	10.0	PIK3R1, UTS2, BCL2, BAX, IRS1, FLT1
31	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway36	10.0	PIK3R1, FLT1, INSR, IL10, IL18, IL1B
32	Renin-Angiotensin Pathway36	9.8	PIK3R1, REN, VCAM1, UTS2, BDNF, FLT1
33	NF-KappaB (p50-p65) Pathway36	9.8	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, IRAK1, FLT1, FGF2
34	MAPK Signaling36	9.8	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, ITGA2B, ITGB2
35	Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C36	9.7	MYO5A, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, BAX, FLT1
36	Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction20	9.6	VEGFA, LEP, LEPR, CD40, FLT1, IL10
37	p70S6K Signaling36	9.5	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, IRS1, FLT1, INS
38	PAK Pathway36	9.5	PIK3R1, MYO5A, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, BAX
39	DHA Signaling36	9.5	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, BAX, FLT1
40	NF-KappaB Family Pathway36	9.5	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, IRAK1, FLT1, FGF2
41	p38 Signaling36	9.4	UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, BAX, IRAK1, FLT1
42	p53 Mediated Apoptosis36	9.3	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, BAX, FLT1
43	MAPK Family Pathway36	9.3	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, BAX, FLT1
44	Cellular Apoptosis Pathway36	9.2	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, BAX, CDKN2A
45	JAK-STAT Pathway36	9.1	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, BAX, FLT1
46	Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma36	9.1	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, CDKN2B, CDKN2A
47	Mitochondrial Apoptosis36	8.9	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, BAX, CDKN2A
48	TGF-Beta Pathway36	8.9	PIK3R1, UTS2, BDNF, BCL2, BAX, FLT1
49	Pathways in cancer20	8.1	PIK3R1, VEGFA, BCL2, BAX, CDKN2B, CDK4
50	Toxoplasmosis20	7.6	PIK3R1, BCL2, LDLR, CD40, IRAK1, IL10

Compounds related to type 2 diabetes mellitus according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 597)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	serine32	14.6	PIK3R1, PDE3B, CNR1, VWF, GCK, GCG
2	phospholipid32	14.5	PIK3R1, COG2, VWF, RBP4, LPL, LIPG
3	h2o232	13.7	PIK3R1, VWF, PCBD1, GCK, SELL, NAGLU
4	estrogen32	13.7	PIK3R1, LRP5, COG2, RETN, VWF, PCBD1
5	vitamin-e32	12.6	PIK3C2A, COG2, RBP4, NAGLU, LPA, VCAM1
6	palmitate32	12.5	GCG, SELE, SCD, LDLR, UCP1, UCP2
7	glibenclamide32 34	13.3	CNR1, GCG, LIPC, KCNJ11, KCNQ1, KCNJ5
8	probucol32 9 9	14.3	SELE, LPL, VCAM1, LIPC, SCARB1, LDLR
9	arachidonic acid32 9 18 9	15.1	CNR1, VWF, SELP, LPL, LIPG, LIPE
10	acipimox32	12.0	GCG, LIPE, LEP, UCP3, CETP, INS
11	gemfibrozil32 9 9	13.9	PIK3C2A, COG2, LPA, LPL, LIPC, LDLR
12	vitamin b1232	11.9	VWF, LPA, MTHFR, B2M, MPO, APOA1
13	linoleic acid32 18	12.7	LPL, CLPS, SCD, LDLR, UCP1, UCP2
14	sialic acid32	11.7	RBP4, SELL, NAGLU, LPA, CLU, FUCA1
15	kininogen32	11.6	REN, VWF, SELP, SERPINC1, SERPINE1, CLU
16	dithiothreitol32	11.6	VWF, GCK, LPA, UGT1A1, MTTP, GPX4
17	25-hydroxyvitamin d32	11.5	GC, VDR, BGLAP, LEP, IL2RA, IGFBP5
18	tocopherol32	11.5	RBP4, LPL, SCARB1, LDLR, GSR, GSTP1
19	betacarotene32	11.4	VWF, RBP4, LPL, SCARB1, LEP, MTHFR
20	dmso32	11.1	SELP, SDHB, CHGA, CFTR, CD36, INSR
21	clopidogrel32 34 9 18 9	15.0	SERPINC1, P2RY12, CD63, CD40, F10, HMGCR
22	olanzapine32 34 9 18 9	14.9	BDNF, LEP, LEPR, CHAT, INS, APOE
23	carbachol32 9 9	12.9	GCG, CFTR, MAPK10, CCK, TRPC3, SST
24	valproic acid32 34 9 18 9	14.8	COG2, BDNF, UGT1A1, CDK4, GSR, ALB
25	cyclophosphamide32 34 9 9	13.8	ITGB2, APOH, F8, TPMT, NPPB
26	bromocriptine32 9 9	12.7	PIK3C2A, HTR2A, GNRH1, GH1, CYP3A4, SST
27	diltiazem32 9 9	12.7	LDLR, HMGCR, CYP2C9
28	ticlopidine32 9 9	12.7	VWF, SELP, SERPINC1, P2RY12, MPO, FGA
29	l-nmma32	10.7	VCAM1, INSR, IL1RAP, IL1RN, CCK, CAT
30	protamine32	10.5	SELL, SELP, SERPINC1, SERPINE1, LPL, FGA
31	candesartan32 9 9	12.3	REN, SELP, SERPINE1, VEGFA, MMP1, MMP2
32	ndga32	10.3	VCAM1, IL1B, IL2RA, ANXA5, MAPK10, IGF1R
33	n(g)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester32	10.2	SERPINE1, UTS2, BDNF, KCNJ5, LEP, MMP2
34	pd 98,05932	10.1	PIK3R1, PCK2, GCG, SERPINE1, VCAM1, UTS2
35	procollagen32	10.1	BGLAP, CD36, MMP1, MMP14, MMP2, MMP9
36	progesterone32 42 9 18 9	14.1	PIK3R1, GCK, RBP4, LNPEP, CLU, PBX1
37	vegf32	10.1	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, REN, RETN, VWF, GCG
38	etanercept32 9 9	12.0	LEP, MMP1, IL10, IL18, IL1B, IL1R1
39	ibuprofen32 9 18 9	13.0	VCAM1, BDNF, LEP, UGT1A1, CFTR, MMP1
40	cytochalasin d32 42	10.9	VWF, SELE, SELL, LPL, VCAM1, LDLR
41	morphine32 9 9	11.9	CNR1, KCNJ5, UGT1A1, IL1RN, MAPK10, CCR5
42	ly29400232	9.9	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, RETN, GCK, GCG, SELE
43	thalidomide32 42 9 9	12.5	SELL, VEGFA, B2M, CD36, ITGB2, FGF2
44	butyrate32	9.5	GCK, GCG, VDR, CLU, BCHE, BCL2
45	arsenite32 18	10.4	PIK3R1, VEGFA, VDR, BCL2, BAX, MT2A
46	silymarin32	9.2	VEGFA, UGT1A1, CDK4, MMP2, MMP9, GSR
47	mg 13232 42	10.1	PCK2, VDR, BAX, CFTR, CDKN2A, IRS1
48	quercetin32 42 9 18 9	13.0	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, SELE, VCAM1, BCL2, UGT1A1
49	diphenyleneiodonium32	8.9	VEGFA, VCAM1, MPO, CDKN3, INSR, IL1B
50	pdtc32	8.3	SELE, VCAM1, BCL2, CD40, MMP1, MMP2

Cellular components related to type 2 diabetes mellitus according to GeneDecks:

(show all 12)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	plasma membrane	GO:005886	14.8	FABP2, F10, CAPN10, CAPN1, CAT, CASR
2	extracellular region	GO:005576	14.4	ACE2, PRL, CXCL10, SOD1, CST3, PON2
3	extracellular space	GO:005615	13.0	INS, APOE, APOH, ENPP1, ANGPTL4, CCL27
4	integral to plasma membrane	GO:005887	12.7	GLP1R, AGER, AGTR1, THBD, TFRC, STIM1
5	cytosol	GO:005829	12.6	CASP9, AKR1B1, AKT1, HMOX1, TRIB3, TPMT
6	external side of plasma membrane	GO:009897	11.3	ANXA5, CCR5, IFNG, ICAM1, HLA-DRB1, TNF
7	high-density lipoprotein particle	GO:034364	11.0	APOE, APOH, APOM, PON1, APOA5, APOA4
8	secretory granule	GO:030141	10.9	GHRL, PLAT, PLA2G2A, ELANE, THBS1, TF
9	caveola	GO:005901	10.8	CAV1, HMOX1, PTGS2, CTSB, NOS3, INSR
10	platelet alpha granule lumen	GO:031093	10.5	ALB, SPARC, TIMP1, THBS1, TGFB1, KNG1
11	cell surface	GO:009986	10.5	TNFRSF1A, TNF, TPO, GHR, CAV1, CYP3A4
12	very-low-density lipoprotein particle	GO:034361	10.3	APOM, APOH, APOE, APOC3, APOB, APOA5

Biological processes related to type 2 diabetes mellitus according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 65)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	small molecule metabolic process	GO:044281	17.4	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, PCBD1, PCK2, PCK1, GCKR
2	lipid metabolic process	GO:006629	13.1	LPA, LPL, LIPG, LIPE, CLU, CLPS
3	glucose homeostasis	GO:042593	12.5	PDE3B, PCK1, GCK, RBP4, SERPINE1, IRS1
4	lipoprotein metabolic process	GO:042157	12.4	LPA, LPL, SDC1, SCARB1, LDLR, LCAT
5	energy reserve metabolic process	GO:006112	12.3	GCG, GCGR, KCNJ11, LEP, LEPR, INS
6	cholesterol homeostasis	GO:042632	12.2	LRP5, LIPG, LIPC, SCARB1, LDLR, LCAT
7	glucose metabolic process	GO:006006	12.0	PCK2, PCK1, SERPINA12, KCNJ11, LEP, GYS1
8	cholesterol metabolic process	GO:008203	11.9	LIPE, LIPC, LEP, LEPR, LDLR, LCAT
9	reverse cholesterol transport	GO:043691	11.9	LIPG, LIPC, CLU, SCARB1, LCAT, CETP
10	endocrine pancreas development	GO:031018	11.8	PDE3B, GCK, PAX4, INS, IL6, IL6R
11	triglyceride homeostasis	GO:070328	11.8	GCKR, LPL, LIPC, SCARB1, CETP, APOA1
12	high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	GO:034375	11.7	LIPG, LIPC, SCARB1, LCAT, CETP, APOA1
13	signal transduction	GO:007165	11.7	GCG, NAMPT, LPXN, VDR, UTS2R, BAIAP2L1
14	response to nutrient	GO:007584	11.5	CNR1, GCGR, SERPINC1, VCAM1, LIPG, CHAT
15	triglyceride metabolic process	GO:006641	11.4	LPL, CETP, APOA5, APOC3, APOE, APOH
16	platelet degranulation	GO:002576	11.4	VWF, SELP, SERPINE1, VEGFA, CLU, CD36
17	insulin receptor signaling pathway	GO:008286	11.4	PIK3R1, PIK3C2A, PDE3B, NAMPT, IRS1, IRS2
18	response to lipopolysaccharide	GO:032496	11.4	CNR1, CNR2, SELE, SELP, UGT1A1, MMP9
19	positive regulation of glucose import	GO:046326	11.3	PIK3R1, ITLN1, IRS1, IRS2, INS, INSR
20	regulation of insulin secretion	GO:050796	11.3	CNR1, GCK, GCG, KCNJ11, LEP, INS
21	negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	GO:010745	11.3	CETP, ITGB3, PPARG, PPARA, NR1H2, CRP
22	response to drug	GO:042493	11.3	REN, LPL, UTS2, UTS2R, LIPE, BGLAP
23	regulation of blood pressure	GO:008217	11.3	LRP5, REN, GCGR, UTS2, LEP, CHGA
24	response to ethanol	GO:045471	11.3	CNR1, RBP4, BGLAP, BCL2, CHAT, MMP9
25	steroid metabolic process	GO:008202	11.2	GC, CLPS, UGT1A1, HSD11B1, AKR1B1, AKR1B10
26	cell-cell signaling	GO:007267	11.2	NAMPT, LNPEP, ITGB2, AR, INS, INSL3
27	low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	GO:034374	11.2	LIPC, CETP, MPO, APOB, PLA2G7, PLA2G2A
28	platelet activation	GO:030168	11.1	PIK3R1, VWF, SELP, SERPINE1, VEGFA, CLU
29	response to glucocorticoid stimulus	GO:051384	11.1	PCK2, SERPINE1, BGLAP, BCHE, UCP3, LCAT
30	positive regulation of cell proliferation	GO:008284	11.1	LRP5, NAMPT, VEGFA, LEP, T, CDK4
31	response to insulin stimulus	GO:032868	11.0	PCK1, RBP4, BCL2, LEP, UCP3, IRS1
32	aging	GO:007568	11.0	CNR1, VDR, VCAM1, UCP3, IL1B, CCL2
33	negative regulation of apoptotic process	GO:043066	10.9	GCG, SERPINE1, VEGFA, CLU, BCL2, LEP
34	positive regulation of MAPK cascade	GO:043410	10.8	LEP, CD36, FLT1, AR, INS, INSR
35	response to activity	GO:014823	10.8	PCK1, BGLAP, UCP3, INSR, IL10, CCL2
36	cellular response to insulin stimulus	GO:032869	10.7	PDE3B, GCK, VIMP, IRS1, IRS2, INSR
37	response to glucose stimulus	GO:009749	10.7	VIMP, GYS2, IRS2, INSR, APOM, MAPK14
38	response to estrogen stimulus	GO:043627	10.7	SERPINE1, BGLAP, BCL2, CCL5, CAV1, ESR1
39	inflammatory response	GO:006954	10.7	CNR2, SELE, SELP, CD40, ITGB2, IL10
40	response to organic cyclic compound	GO:014070	10.6	SELP, UGT1A1, IL1RN, IL4, GPX3, ICAM1
41	female pregnancy	GO:007565	10.6	GC, LNPEP, LIPE, PAPPA, BCL2, LEP
42	positive regulation of angiogenesis	GO:045766	10.6	SERPINE1, VEGFA, UTS2, UTS2R, MMP9, FLT1
43	blood coagulation	GO:007596	10.5	PIK3R1, PDE3B, VWF, SELL, SELP, SERPINC1
44	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	GO:050731	10.3	VEGFA, CD36, ITGB3, INS, IL6, IL6R
45	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	GO:045944	10.3	LRP5, LRP6, SERPINE1, VEGFA, VDR, CDKN2B
46	leukocyte migration	GO:050900	10.2	PIK3R1, SELL, SELP, ITGB2, ITGB3, MMP1
47	response to hypoxia	GO:001666	10.2	VEGFA, VCAM1, UTS2, BCL2, LEP, CHAT
48	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	GO:051092	10.2	CLU, CD40, IRAK1, AR, INS, IL1B
49	response to estradiol stimulus	GO:032355	9.7	GC, VDR, MMP9, INSR, IL1B, F3
50	anti-apoptosis	GO:006916	9.7	VIMP, BDNF, BCL2, MPO, IRAK1, GSTP1

Molecular functions related to type 2 diabetes mellitus according to GeneDecks:

(show all 12)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	protein binding	GO:005515	14.2	HHEX, ADIPOQ, ADRA2A, ADRA2B, ADRB3, ADRA2C
2	hormone activity	GO:005179	11.7	EPO, APLN, INSL3, INS, LEP, UTS2
3	protein homodimerization activity	GO:042803	11.5	IL6R, GSR, IRAK1, GYS2, BAX, UGT1A1
4	heparin binding	GO:008201	11.2	APOE, APOH, CCL2, CCL5, ELANE, THBS1
5	insulin receptor binding	GO:005158	11.2	IGF2, IGF1, PTPN1, PLCG1, SHC1, SLC2A2
6	receptor binding	GO:005102	11.0	HNF4A, CAV1, CAT, F2, IAPP, IDE
7	insulin-like growth factor receptor binding	GO:005159	10.8	SOCS1, SHC1, IGF1, IGF2, INSR, INS
8	protease binding	GO:002020	10.8	TNF, TNFRSF1A, ELANE, DPP4, CST3, F3
9	drug binding	GO:008144	10.5	CYP2C9, PPARG, PPARA, PPARD, ACE, CYP2D6
10	eukaryotic cell surface binding	GO:043499	10.2	EPO, ADIPOQ, TGFB1, THBS1, ANXA5, APOH
11	heme binding	GO:020037	9.4	CYP2D6, CYP17A1, CYP21A2, CYP27B1, CYP2C9, NOS1
12	enzyme binding	GO:019899	8.8	CAV1, AKT1, ESR1, HMOX1, PTGS2, PTPN1