Virilization malady

Wikipedia: In biology and medicine, virilization refers to the biological development of sex differences, changes...⁴⁴ more...

MalaCards: Virilization is related to 21-hydroxylase deficiency and 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency. An important gene associated with Virilization is AR (androgen receptor), and among its related pathways are Translation_Non-genomic (rapid) action of Androgen Receptor and Estrogen biosynthesis. The compounds leuprolide acetate and 17-hydroxypregnenolone have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include skin, ovary and b cells, and related mouse phenotypes are hematopoietic system and endocrine/exocrine gland.

virilization 7 32

Diseases related to virilization by text searches and GeneDecks gene sharing:

(show top 50)    (show all 410)

id	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	21-hydroxylase deficiency	31.1	GNRH1, HSD3B2, SULT2A1, CYP11A1, CYP11B1, CYP17A1
2	11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency	30.4	CYP11B1, CYP21A2, SHBG
3	21-hydroxylase-deficient congenital adrenal hyperplasia	29.3	CYP21A1P, CYP21A2
4	cushing's syndrome	29.0	NR3C1, CRH, POMC
5	androgen insensitivity syndrome	28.3	AR, CYP19A1
6	3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency	28.2	HSD3B2, HSD3BP4, CYP17A1, CYP21A2
7	5-alpha reductase deficiency	27.9	CGA, CGB5, HSD17B13, SRD5A1, SRD5A2
8	ovarian cyst	27.6	CGA, CGB5, IGFBP2, GNRH1, CYP19A1
9	sertoli-leydig cell tumor	27.6	HSD3BP4, CYP17A1, CYP19A1, SRY, AFP
10	adrenal carcinoma	27.5	LEP, CYP17A1, CRH
11	germinoma	27.5	CGA, CGB5, CYP19A1, CYP21A2, AFP
12	antley-bixler syndrome	27.4	CYP17A1, CYP19A1, CYP21A2, POR, POMC
13	aromatase deficiency	27.4	INS, GNRH1, CYP19A1
14	azoospermia	26.6	LHCGR, CGA, CGB5, AZF1, FSHB, AR
15	tumors of adrenal cortex	26.3	LHCGR, MC2R, TP53, CYP11B1, POMC
16	acanthosis nigricans	25.9	LEP, INS, INSR, CYP21A2, SHBG
17	adrenocortical carcinoma	25.8	MC2R, IGF2, IGFBP2, HSD3B2, HSD3BP4, TP53
18	adrenal adenoma	25.4	MC2R, IGF2, HSD3BP4, SULT2A1, CYP11A1, CYP11B1
19	adrenal hyperplasia	25.3	LEP, CGA, CGB5, AR, INS, FDXR
20	adrenocortical tumor	24.0	LHCGR, MC2R, IGF2, IGFBP2, HSD3BP4, TP53
21	leydig cell tumor	23.0	LHCGR, CGA, CGB5, INSR, IGF2, GNRH1
22	infertility	22.2	LHCGR, LEP, CGA, CGB5, AZF1, FSHB
23	insulin resistance	21.9	LEP, CGA, CGB5, JUN, AR, INS
24	neuroblastoma	21.0	LEP, JUN, AR, INS, INSR, IGF2
25	adenoma	19.3	KIAA1429, LHCGR, LEP, CGA, JUN, FSHB
26	carcinoma	15.6	LHCGR, LEP, MT-CO1, CGA, CGB5, JUN
27	perineal hypospadias	13.8	AR, SRD5A2
28	3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-deficient congenital adrenal hyperplasia	13.7	HSD3B2, HSD3BP4
29	mixed gonadal dysgenesis	13.7	CYP21A2, SRD5A1, SRY
30	luteoma	13.7	CGA, CYP21A2, SRY
31	precocious puberty, male	13.7	LHCGR, CYP19A1, CYP21A2
32	46, xy disorders of sexual development	13.7	AR, CYP17A1, SRY
33	giant cell hepatitis	13.7	HSD3B2, CYP17A1, CYP21A2
34	anorchia	13.6	CGA, CGB5, SRY
35	autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1	13.6	CYP11A1, CYP17A1, CYP21A2
36	leydig cell adenoma	13.6	LHCGR, CGA, GNRH1
37	complete androgen insensitivity syndrome	13.6	CGA, AR, CYP19A1
38	oligospermia	13.6	AZF1, AR, SRD5A2
39	leydig cells hypoplasia	13.6	LHCGR, HSD17B3
40	17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency	13.6	HSD17B13, HSD17B3, SRD5A1
41	hypothalamic disease	13.6	CGA, GNRH1, CRH
42	dosage-sensitive sex reversal	13.6	CYP11A1, NR3C1, WNT4
43	46, xy disorders of sex development	13.5	AR, SRD5A1, SRD5A2, SRY, WNT4
44	gonadotropin deficiency	13.5	CGA, GNRH1, CYP19A1
45	smith-lemli-opitz syndrome	13.5	HSD3BP4, CYP11A1, SRD5A1
46	mycetoma	13.5	CYP17A1, CYP19A1, NOS2
47	testotoxicosis	13.5	LHCGR, CYP19A1
48	xy sex reversal	13.5	CYP11A1, SRY, SOX9
49	prostate disease	13.5	AR, CYP19A1, SRD5A1, SRD5A2
50	turner syndrome	13.5	CGA, CYP21A2, SRY, SHBG

Approved drugs:

Drug clinical trials:

MalaCards organs/tissues related to virilization:

²²

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to virilization:

²⁵ (show all 19)

id	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	hematopoietic system phenotype	MP:0005397	10.0	IGF2, SOX9, WNT4
2	endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype	MP:0005379	9.4	AFP, WNT4, LHCGR, FSHB, MC2R, GNRH1
3	liver/biliary system phenotype	MP:0005370	8.8	AR, INS, TP53, CYP19A1, CYP11B1, POR
4	integument phenotype	MP:0010771	8.8	TP53, CYP19A1, NR3C1, CRH, SOX9, POMC
5	normal phenotype	MP:0002873	8.3	NR3C1, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, CRH, GNRH1, WNT4
6	reproductive system phenotype	MP:0005389	8.0	POR, SOX9, NOS2, SRY, SRD5A2, SRD5A1
7	immune system phenotype	MP:0005387	7.9	GNRH1, POMC, MC2R, CYP11A1, LHCGR, CYP11B1
8	skeleton phenotype	MP:0005390	6.8	TP53, JUN, GNRH1, NR3C1, CYP19A1, LEP
9	growth/size phenotype	MP:0005378	6.0	AREG, WNT4, MT-CO1, SOX9, CRH, NR3C1
10	homeostasis/metabolism phenotype	MP:0005376	INF	CRH, JUN, NOS2, CYP17A1, SOX9, POR
11	renal/urinary system phenotype	MP:0005367	INF	CYP11B1, WNT4, AR, POR, LHCGR, GNRH1
12	digestive/alimentary phenotype	MP:0005381	INF	LHCGR, AREG, AR, INS, , IGF2
13	adipose tissue phenotype	MP:0005375	INF	NR3C1, LHCGR, AR, INS, , MC2R
14	cellular phenotype	MP:0005384	INF	TP53, POMC, LEP, MT-CO1, JUN, WNT4
15	nervous system phenotype	MP:0003631	INF	POR, CGA, INS, , IGF2, GNRH1
16	muscle phenotype	MP:0005369	INF	SOX9, POR, LEP, MT-CO1, AR,
17	cardiovascular system phenotype	MP:0005385	INF	AR, JUN, AREG, INS, , MC2R
18	behavior/neurological phenotype	MP:0005386	INF	CYP17A1, JUN, INS, , MC2R, IGF2
19	respiratory system phenotype	MP:0005388	INF	, CRH, SOX9, POR

Articles related to virilization:

(show all 47)

id	Title	Authors	Year	Affiliating Genes
1	Association of p.His38Leu, a rare CYP21A2 mutation, w ith the classical simple virilizing phenotype of 21-hydroxylase deficiency in a 6-year-old boy. (21912141)	Oriola J.... IbA!A+ez L.	2011	CYP21A2
2	No correlation between androgen receptor CAG and GGN repeat length and the degree of genital virilization in females with 21-hydroxy lase deficiency. (20233785)	Welzel M.... Holterhus P.M.	2010	AR, CYP21A2
3	Molecular analysis of the SRD5A2 in 46,XY subjects wi th incomplete virilization: the P212R substitution of the steroid 5alpha-reduct ase 2 may constitute an ancestral founder mutation in Mexican patients. (20019388)	Vilchis F.... ChA!vez B.	2010	SRD5A2
4	A novel mutation of 5alpha-steroid reductase 2 defici ency (CD 65 ALA-PRO) with severe virilization defect in a Turkish family and di fficulty in gender assignment. (20179965)	Savas Erdeve S.... Ocal G.	2010	SRD5A2
5	Variations in the promoter of CYP21A2 gene identified in a Chinese patient with simple virilizing form of 21-hydroxylase deficiency. (18702679)	Zhang H.J.... Li X.Y.	2009	CYP21A2
6	Composite adrenal anaplastic neuroblastoma and virilizing adrenocortical tumor with germline TP53 R248W mutation. (17427234)	Rossbach H.C.... Tebbi C.	2008	TP53
7	The degree of external genitalia virilization in girls with 21-hydroxylase deficiency appears to be influenced by the CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene. (17803691)	Rocha R.O.... Bachega T.A.	2008	AR, CYP21A2
8	A homozygous L299P mutation in the CYP11B1 gene leads to complete virilization in 46,XX individuals with 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency. (18663314)	Riedl S.... Bernhardt R.	2008	CYP11B1
9	Severity of virilization of external genitalia in Jap anese patients with salt-wasting 21-hydroxylase deficiency. (18679008)	Sugiyama Y.... Togari H.	2008	CYP21A2
10	Unilateral adrenalectomy improves insulin resistance and polycystic ovaries in a middle-aged woman with virilizing adrenocortical adenoma complicated with Cushing's syndrome. (17318025)	Nakamura A.... Koike T.	2007	SULT2A1, INS
11	A case of virilizing brenner tumor in a postmenopausa l woman with stromal androgenic activity. (16810058)	Takeuchi K.... Maruo T.	2006	JUN
12	Evaluating the accuracy of Malformations Surveillance Program in detecting virilization due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (15737123)	Travitz J.... Holmes L.B.	2005	CYP21A2
13	A 46,XX SRY-negative man with complete virilization and infertility as the main anomaly. (15652914)	Valetto A.... Simi P.	2005	SRY
14	Functional characterization of two novel point mutations in the CYP21 gene causing simple virilizing forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. (15483094)	Krone N.... Sippell W.G.	2005	CYP21A2
15	Substitutions in the CYP21A2 promoter explain the simple-virilizing form of 21-hydroxylase deficiency in patients harbouring a P30L mutation. (15670187)	Araujo R.S.... Bachega T.A.	2005	CYP21A2, CYP21A1P
16	A WNT4 mutation associated with Muellerian-duct regression and virilization in a 46,XX woman. (15317892)	Biason-Lauber A.... Schoenle E.J.	2004	WNT4
17	Prenatal diagnosis of P450 oxidoreductase deficiency (ORD): a disorder causing low pregnancy estriol, maternal and fetal virilization, and the Antley-Bixler syndrome phenotype. (15316970)	Shackleton C.... Hauffa B.P.	2004	POR, CYP19A1
18	Isolated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) deficiency in a young man with normal virilization who did not have mutations in the FSHbeta gene. (12568861)	Mantovani G.... Persani L.	2003	FSHB
19	Genital skin fibroblasts (GF) of patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome express higher insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-2, -3 and -5 than GF of normally virilized males. (12876417)	Diesing D.... Ranke M.B.	2003	IGF2, IGFBP2
20	CNS germinoma in a boy with simple virilizing 21-hydroxylase deficiency and precocious puberty. (11926207)	Bajpai A.... Menon P.S.	2002	AFP, CYP21A2, CGB5
21	A novel homozygous disruptive mutation in the SRD5A2-gene in a partially virilized patient with 5alpha-reductase deficiency. (11869378)	Hiort O.... Struve D.	2002	SRD5A2
22	Virilization of the female spotted hyena cannot be ex plained by alterations in the amino acid sequence of the androgen receptor (AR) . (12242031)	Catalano S.... McPhaul M.J.	2002	AR
23	CYP21 mutations in simple virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (11692155)	Lajic S.... Wedell A.	2001	CYP21A2
24	Loss of gender difference in serum leptin levels and its slow recovery after successful surgery for Leydig cell tumours in two viril ized females. (11380502)	Pekic S.... Popovic V.	2001	LEP, LSL
25	Extraovarian steroid cell tumor 'not otherwise specified' as a rare cause of virilization in twelve-year-old girl. (11740149)	Dumic M.... Ille J.	2001	CYP21A2
26	Molecular identification of virilizer, a gene required for the expression of the sex-determining gene Sex-lethal in Drosophila melanogaster. (11156988)	Niessen M.... Nothiger R.	2001	KIAA1429
27	Virilizing adrenocortical adenoma: in vitro steroidogenesis, immunohistochemical studies of steroidogenic enzymes, and gene expression of corticotropin receptor. (10216530)	Imai T.... Funahashi H.	1999	POMC, MC2R
28	Virilizing ovarian tumor of cell tumor type not otherwise specified: a case report. (9859028)	Faraj G.... Bur G.	1998	NOS2
29	Follitropin (FSH) deficiency in an infertile male due to FSHbeta gene mutation. A syndrome of normal puberty and virilization but underdeveloped testicles with azoospermia, low FSH but high lutropin and normal serum testosterone concentrations. (9806482)	Lindstedt G.... Chatterjee K.	1998	FSHB
30	Prenatal diagnosis and treatment of adrenogenital syndrome. Prevent virilization of female fetuses (9445959)	Lajic S.... Wedell A.	1997	CYP21A2, HSD3BP4
31	Surgical correction of genital virilization in girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (9471758)	Geryk B.... PribilincovA! Z.	1997	CYP21A2
32	A virilizing Leydig cell tumor of the ovary associate d with stromal hyperplasia under gonadotropin control. (9492110)	Marcondes J.A.... Wajchenberg B.L.	1997	GNRH1
33	17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency with minimal virilization and spontaneous reduction of serum androgens to normal female levels. (9156049)	Duncan S.L.... Rodgers D.A.	1997	HSD17B13
34	Progressive virilization of a pubertal phenotypic female: 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency. (9551369)	Park D.... Witchel S.F.	1996	HSD17B13
35	Steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2 deficiency: virilization in early infancy may be due to partial function of mutant enzyme. (8706317)	Forti G.... Russell D.W.	1996	SRD5A2
36	Ovarian hyperandrogynism as a result of congenital adrenal virilizing disorders: evidence for perinatal masculinization of neuroendocrine function in women. (7962325)	Barnes R.B.... Rosenthal I.M.	1994	CYP21A2
37	Virilizing adrenal tumour mimicking congenital adrenal hyperplasia with P450c11 (11 beta-hydroxylase) deficiency. (8088295)	Werder E.A.... Zachmann M.	1994	CYP11B1
38	Androgen suppressive effect of GnRH agonist in ovarian hyperthecosis and virilizing tumours. (7828344)	Pascale M.M.... Tourniaire J.	1994	CYP21A2
39	Subnormal androgen and elevated progesterone levels in women treated for congenital virilizing 21-hydroxylase deficiency. (8473408)	Helleday J.... CarlstrAPm K.	1993	CYP21A2
40	Late-onset 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase defici ency with virilization induced by a large ovarian cyst. (8112725)	Heinrich U.... Otto H.F.	1993	HSD3BP4
41	A mechanism for virilization of female spotted hyenas in utero. (8391165)	Yalcinkaya T.M.... Glickman S.E.	1993	CYP19A1, HSD17B13
42	Temporal and individual variations in the dose of glucocorticoid used for the treatment of salt-losing congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. (8329832)	Sandrini R.... Migeon C.J.	1993	CYP21A2
43	Testosterone-secreting virilizing adrenal adenoma with human chorionic gonadotrophin receptors and 21-hydroxylase deficiency. (1848485)	Leinonen P.... Kahri A.	1991	CYP21A2
44	Substitution of Ile-172 to Asn in the steroid 21-hydroxylase B (P450c21B) gene in a Finnish patient with the simple virilizing form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (1937474)	Partanen J.... Campbell R.D.	1991	CYP21A2
45	3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide in virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a useful serum metabolic marker of integrated adrenal androgen secretion. (2045467)	Pang S.... Riddick L.	1991	CYP21A2
46	Medical therapy for the syndrome of familial virilization, insulin resistance, and acanthosis nigricans. (2137793)	Corenblum B.... Baylis B.W.	1990	INS
47	Uneventful delivery following series of successive treatments for virilized Cushing syndrome due to adrenocortical carcinoma. (2219621)	Nakada T.... Katayama T.	1990	HSD3BP4

Genes related to virilization according to GeneCards:

(show all 44)

id	Symbol	Description	Score	GeneCards Section Context
1	AR	androgen receptor	11.1	Publications, Summaries
2	AREGB	amphiregulin B	11.1	Summaries
3	KIAA1429	KIAA1429	11.0	Orthologs, Aliases & Descriptions, Proteins, Publications
4	HSD17B13	hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 13	11.0	Publications
5	CYP21A2	cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily A, polypeptide 2	11.0	Publications
6	HSD3BP4	hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta, pseudogene 4	11.0	Publications
7	FSHB	follicle stimulating hormone, beta polypeptide	11.0	Publications
8	AZF1	azoospermia factor 1	11.0
9	WNT4	wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 4	11.0	Publications
10	SRY	sex determining region Y	11.0	Publications
11	SRD5A2	steroid-5-alpha-reductase, alpha polypeptide 2 (3-oxo-5 alpha-steroid delta 4-dehydrogenase alpha 2)	11.0	Publications
12	HSD3B2	hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 2	11.0
13	LHCGR	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	11.0
14	CYP11B1	cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 1	11.0	Publications
15	SOX9	SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9	11.0
16	CGB5	chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 5	11.0	Publications
17	POR	P450 (cytochrome) oxidoreductase	11.0	Publications
18	CYP11A1	cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1	11.0
19	CYP17A1	cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily A, polypeptide 1	11.0
20	SRD5A1	steroid-5-alpha-reductase, alpha polypeptide 1 (3-oxo-5 alpha-steroid delta 4-dehydrogenase alpha 1)	11.0
21	GNRH1	gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (luteinizing-releasing hormone)	11.0	Publications
22	NOS2	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	11.0	Publications
23	SHBG	sex hormone-binding globulin	11.0
24	NR3C1	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (glucocorticoid receptor)	11.0
25	CYP19A1	cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1	11.0	Publications
26	CGA	glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide	11.0
27	CRH	corticotropin releasing hormone	11.0
28	MT-CO1	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	11.0
29	CYP21A1P	cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 pseudogene	11.0	Publications
30	SULT2A1	sulfotransferase family, cytosolic, 2A, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-preferring, member 1	11.0	Publications
31	FDXR	ferredoxin reductase	11.0
32	HSD17B3	hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 3	11.0
33	MC2R	melanocortin 2 receptor (adrenocorticotropic hormone)	11.0	Publications
34	IGFBP2	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2, 36kDa	11.0	Publications
35	AREG	amphiregulin	11.0
36	LSL	Leptin, serum levels of	11.0	Publications
37	SACS	spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (sacsin)	11.0
38	AFP	alpha-fetoprotein	11.0	Publications
39	POMC	proopiomelanocortin	11.0	Publications
40	IGF2	insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A)	11.0	Publications
41	JUN	jun proto-oncogene	11.0	Publications
42	LEP	leptin	11.0	Publications
43	INS	insulin	11.0	Publications
44	TP53	tumor protein p53	11.0	Publications

Pathways related to virilization according to GeneDecks:

(show all 22)

id	Pathway	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Translation_Non-genomic (rapid) action of Androgen Receptor41	10.2	AR, SRD5A1, SRD5A2, WNT4
2	Estrogen biosynthesis10	10.2	HSD17B3, CYP11B1, CYP19A1
3	Estrogen biosynthesis41	10.2	CYP19A1, CYP11B1, HSD17B3
4	Development Role of Activin A in cell differentiation and proliferation10	10.2	CGA, CYP11A1, FSHB, LHCGR
5	Development_Role of Activin A in cell differentiation and proliferation41	10.2	LHCGR, CGA, CYP11A1, FSHB
6	Translation Non-genomic (rapid) action of Androgen Receptor10	10.2	WNT4, SRD5A2, AR, SRD5A1
7	Transcription_Androgen Receptor nuclear signaling41	10.1	AR, WNT4, SRD5A2, SRD5A1
8	Transcription Androgen Receptor nuclear signaling10	10.1	SRD5A2, WNT4, SRD5A1, AR
9	Androstenedione and testosterone biosynthesis and metabolism p.110	10.0	HSD17B3, CYP17A1, SULT2A1, HSD3B2
10	Androstenedione and testosterone biosynthesis and metabolism p.141	10.0	CYP17A1, SULT2A1, HSD17B3, HSD3B2
11	Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis41	9.6	NR3C1, AR, JUN, CGA, CYP19A1
12	Transcription Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis10	9.6	CGA, JUN, AR, CYP19A1, NR3C1
13	Immune response_MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation41	9.5	NOS2, NR3C1, JUN
14	Steroid hormone biosynthesis20	9.5	CYP11B1, HSD3B2, HSD17B3, CYP17A1, CYP11A1, SRD5A2
15	Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins38	9.5	HSD3B2, HSD17B3, CYP11A1, CYP11B1, CYP17A1, CYP19A1
16	Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation10	9.3	JUN, NOS2, NR3C1
17	Selected targets of CREB110	9.3	MC2R, INS, SOX9, CRH
18	Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction20	9.2	FSHB, CGA, NR3C1, LHCGR, LEP, MC2R
19	Prostate cancer20	8.9	SRD5A2, TP53, INS, AR
20	IRS activation38	INF	INS,
21	Adipocytokines & Insulin Signaling37	INF	LEP, INS,
22	Selected targets of GCR-alpha10	INF	NR3C1, CGA, FSHB, INS, , LEP

Compounds related to virilization according to GeneDecks:

(show top 50)    (show all 266)

id	Compound	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	leuprolide acetate32	9.7	SHBG, CYP21A2, CYP19A1, GNRH1, FSHB, CGB5
2	17-hydroxypregnenolone32	9.4	CYP17A1, HSD3BP4, HSD3B2, CGB5, CGA, CYP21A2
3	steroidal32	9.4	SRD5A1, CYP19A1, CYP17A1, HSD3BP4, GNRH1, IGFBP2
4	11 deoxycortisol32	9.3	POMC, SHBG, CRH, NR3C1, CYP21A2, CYP17A1
5	goserelin32 9 9	11.3	SRD5A1, SHBG, GNRH1, CGA, LHCGR, CYP19A1
6	spironolactone32 42 34 9 9	13.3	CRH, NR3C1, SRD5A1, CYP21A2, CYP11B1, GNRH1
7	doca32	9.3	SRD5A1, CYP21A2, CYP17A1, CYP11B1, CYP11A1, HSD3BP4
8	finasteride32 42 9 18 9	13.1	SHBG, SRD5A2, AREGB, SRD5A1, CYP19A1, IGFBP2
9	diethylstilbestrol32 9 9	11.1	GNRH1, CGA, AR, CYP17A1, SHBG, CGB5
10	metyrapone32 42 9 9	12.1	POMC, POR, CRH, NR3C1, CYP21A2, CYP11B1
11	acth 1-2432	9.0	CYP17A1, MC2R, CYP11A1, CRH, POMC, IGF2
12	aminoglutethimide32 9 9	10.9	POMC, NR3C1, CYP21A2, CYP19A1, CYP11A1, IGF2
13	ketoconazole32 42 9 18 9	12.9	AR, HSD3BP4, POMC, SHBG, CRH, NR3C1
14	17beta-hydroxysteroid32	8.8	CYP19A1, CYP17A1, CYP11A1, SULT2A1, HSD3BP4, HSD17B3
15	progestins32	8.7	IGFBP2, AR, HSD17B13, IGF2, SHBG, NR3C1
16	mifepristone32 42 9 9	11.2	AFP, CGA, CGB5, POMC, SHBG, CRH
17	17-hydroxyprogesterone32 18	9.1	HSD3BP4, HSD3B2, GNRH1, IGFBP2, CGB5, CGA
18	cortisone32 18	9.1	NR3C1, SRD5A1, INS, LEP, CYP11B1, CRH
19	11beta-hydroxysteroid32	8.1	POMC, CRH, NR3C1, SRD5A1, LEP, CYP21A2
20	corticosterone32 18	8.9	NR3C1, CYP21A2, CYP17A1, CYP11B1, CYP11A1, IGF2
21	3beta-hydroxysteroid32	7.6	SULT2A1, HSD3BP4, HSD3B2, HSD17B13, IGF2, MC2R
22	ribonucleic acid32	7.4	CYP21A2, CYP17A1, CYP11B1, CYP11A1, HSD3BP4, HSD17B13
23	forskolin32 42 9 9	10.0	HSD3BP4, HSD3B2, IGFBP2, IGF2, MC2R, AREG
24	gnrh32	7.0	IGFBP2, INS, AR, FSHB, CGB5, LEP
25	estrone32 9 18 9	10.0	AFP, POR, LSL, SHBG, LEP, CGB5
26	progesterone32 42 9 18 9	10.9	CYP17A1, AR, FSHB, CGB5, CGA, LHCGR
27	estradiol32 9 18 9	9.7	SRD5A1, CGB5, CGA, LHCGR, AREG, AR
28	tamoxifen32 34 9 9	9.6	JUN, AR, IGF2, IGFBP2, GNRH1, HSD17B13
29	cholesterol32 9 18 9	9.3	MC2R, HSD3B2, HSD3BP4, SULT2A1, CYP11B1, CYP17A1
30	dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate32	5.8	CGB5, CGA, LEP, CYP11A1, SULT2A1, HSD3BP4
31	dhea32	5.5	POMC, POR, LSL, SHBG, CRH, NR3C1
32	acth32	5.4	SHBG, CRH, NR3C1, CYP21A2, CYP17A1, CYP11B1
33	androstenedione32 18	6.0	POMC, POR, LSL, SHBG, CRH, SRD5A2
34	steroid32	4.0	SRD5A1, IGFBP2, IGF2, MC2R, FDXR, AR
35	dexamethasone32 42 34 9 9	INF	AFP, CYP11B1, CYP11A1, SULT2A1, HSD3BP4, GNRH1
36	serine32	INF	AFP, POMC, POR, SOX9, CRH, NR3C1
37	cycloheximide32	INF	IGFBP2, IGF2, , AR, AREG, JUN
38	clomiphene citrate32	INF	CGA, CGB5, FSHB, INS, AFP, SHBG
39	progestin32	INF	FDXR, , AR, CGB5, CGA, LHCGR
40	dihydrotestosterone32 9 18 9	INF	POR, SHBG, NR3C1, SRY, SRD5A2, IGF2
41	metformin32 34 9 9	INF	INS, CGA, LEP, , GNRH1, POMC
42	hydrocortisone32 9 9	INF	SHBG, INS, CRH, NR3C1, CYP21A2, CYP19A1
43	arginine32	INF	POMC, POR, LSL, SHBG, NOS2, CRH
44	thyroxine32 18	INF	SHBG, CRH, CYP21A2, GNRH1, IGFBP2, IGF2
45	epinephrine32 9 18 9	INF	AFP, CGA, LEP, CGB5, AREG, INS
46	actinomycin d32	INF	IGF2, AR, GNRH1, TP53, CYP11A1, NR3C1
47	estrogen32	INF	AFP, POMC, POR, SULT2A1, TP53, HSD3BP4
48	vegf32	INF	NR3C1, SRD5A1, SOX9, LSL, NOS2, TP53
49	testosterone32 9 18 9	INF	LSL, HSD17B3, HSD3B2, HSD17B13, GNRH1, IGFBP2
50	vitamin d32	INF	AFP, POR, SHBG, CRH, NR3C1, CGA

Cellular components related to virilization according to GeneDecks:

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	endoplasmic reticulum membrane	GO:005789	9.3	SRD5A2, SRD5A1, CYP21A2, CYP19A1, CYP17A1, HSD17B3
2	extracellular space	GO:005615	6.5	LHCGR, AFP, WNT4, POMC, CRH, GNRH1

Biological processes related to virilization according to GeneDecks:

(show all 37)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	mineralocorticoid biosynthetic process	GO:006705	10.5	HSD3B2, CYP11B1, CYP21A2
2	positive regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process	GO:090031	10.4	CYP17A1, POR
3	phthalate metabolic process	GO:018963	10.4	CYP17A1, CYP19A1, CYP11A1
4	biphenyl metabolic process	GO:018879	10.4	CYP11A1, CYP17A1, CYP19A1
5	dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic process	GO:018894	10.4	CYP11A1, CYP19A1, CYP17A1
6	response to fungicide	GO:060992	10.4	SRD5A1, CYP17A1, CYP11A1
7	sex differentiation	GO:007548	10.4	AR, CYP17A1, SRY
8	renal vesicle induction	GO:072034	10.3	SOX9, WNT4
9	cellular response to follicle-stimulating hormone stimulus	GO:071372	10.3	CYP19A1, POR, CYP11A1
10	male genitalia development	GO:030539	10.2	HSD17B3, SRD5A1, LHCGR
11	glucocorticoid biosynthetic process	GO:006704	10.2	CRH, CYP21A2, CYP17A1, CYP11B1, HSD3B2
12	steroid biosynthetic process	GO:006694	10.2	FDXR, HSD3B2, CYP17A1, CYP19A1
13	testosterone biosynthetic process	GO:061370	10.1	CYP11A1, HSD17B3
14	hippocampus development	GO:021766	10.1	CYP11A1, SRD5A1, CYP19A1, CYP17A1
15	cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus	GO:071560	10.1	CYP11A1, WNT4, SOX9
16	progesterone metabolic process	GO:042448	10.1	CYP19A1, AFP, SRD5A1
17	adrenal gland development	GO:030325	10.1	NR3C1, CYP17A1, WNT4, CRH, CYP19A1
18	cellular response to hormone stimulus	GO:032870	10.0	CGA, IGFBP2, CYP11B1
19	peptide hormone processing	GO:016486	10.0	POMC, CGA, FSHB
20	androgen biosynthetic process	GO:006702	10.0	WNT4, SRD5A2, SRD5A1, CYP17A1, HSD17B3, HSD3B2
21	male gonad development	GO:008584	10.0	SRD5A1, CYP19A1, AR, SOX9, WNT4, LHCGR
22	xenobiotic metabolic process	GO:006805	9.9	CYP21A2, CYP19A1, SULT2A1, CYP17A1, CYP11B1, CYP11A1
23	liver development	GO:001889	9.5	WNT4, JUN, SRD5A1, AFP
24	female pregnancy	GO:007565	9.4	IGFBP2, CRH, GNRH1, LEP, FSHB
25	steroid metabolic process	GO:008202	9.3	CYP11B1, CYP17A1, CYP21A2, SRD5A1, SRD5A2, CYP11A1
26	response to drug	GO:042493	9.2	JUN, IGFBP2, CYP17A1, CYP19A1, POR, SRD5A1
27	positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway	GO:046628	8.9	LEP, IGF2, INS
28	cell-cell signaling	GO:007267	8.9	AREGB, SRD5A2, WNT4, AR, POMC, GNRH1
29	negative regulation of apoptotic process	GO:043066	8.3	LEP, AR, TP53, INS, WNT4, POR
30	small molecule metabolic process	GO:044281	7.8	CYP11B1, SRD5A2, HSD17B3, CYP21A2, POMC, INS
31	positive regulation of developmental growth	GO:048639	INF	LEP,
32	positive regulation of mitosis	GO:045840	INF	, INS, IGF2
33	positive regulation of DNA replication	GO:045740	INF	, JUN, AREGB, INS
34	positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process	GO:045725	INF	, INS, IGF2
35	positive regulation of respiratory burst	GO:060267	INF	INS,
36	positive regulation of cell proliferation	GO:008284	INF	SOX9, IGF2, , INS, AR, FSHB
37	positive regulation of MAPK cascade	GO:043410	INF	IGF2, , INS, AR, LEP

Molecular functions related to virilization according to GeneDecks:

(show all 8)

id	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase activity	GO:003865	10.2	SRD5A1, SRD5A2
2	progesterone 5-alpha-reductase activity	GO:050213	9.9	SRD5A1, SRD5A2
3	heme binding	GO:020037	9.7	CYP21A2, CYP19A1, CYP17A1, CYP11B1, CYP11A1, NOS2
4	iron ion binding	GO:005506	9.6	NOS2, CYP17A1, CYP19A1, CYP21A2, POR, CYP11B1
5	electron carrier activity	GO:009055	9.6	POR, SRD5A1, CYP21A2, CYP19A1, CYP17A1, CYP11B1
6	hormone activity	GO:005179	7.7	FSHB, POMC, CRH, GNRH1, IGF2, LEP
7	insulin-like growth factor receptor binding	GO:005159	INF	IGF2, , INS
8	insulin-like growth factor II binding	GO:031995	INF	IGFBP2,