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ALRH
MCID: ALL003
MIFTS: 66

Allergic Rhinitis (ALRH)

Categories: Genetic diseases, Immune diseases, Respiratory diseases
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Aliases & Classifications for Allergic Rhinitis

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Allergic Rhinitis:

Name: Allergic Rhinitis 57 11 73 28 53 5 14 16 71 75 33
Hay Fever 11 41 14 63 71
Allergic Rhinitis, Susceptibility to 57 12 38
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis 11 16
Atopic Rhinitis 11 71
Alrh 57 73
Allergic Rhinitis, Cause Unspecified 33
Other Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis 33
Non-Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis 11
Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial 71
Perenial Allergic Rhinitis 11
Rhinitis Allergic Seasonal 53
Allergy Nos Due to Pollen 33
Pollen Allergy 33
Summer Catarrh 33
Pollenosis 11
Pollinosis 33

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Genetic diseases
Anatomical: Respiratory diseases Immune diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 31
ICD11: 33


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 11 DOID:4481
OMIM® 57 607154
NCIt 49 C34987
SNOMED-CT 68 38103000
ICD10 31 J30.1 J30.4
MedGen 40 C2607914
UMLS 71 C0002103 C0018621 C0035457 more
Sources

Summaries for Allergic Rhinitis

About this section

MedlinePlus: 41 Each spring, summer, and fall, trees, weeds, and grasses release tiny pollen grains into the air. Some of the pollen ends up in your nose and throat. This can trigger a type of allergy called hay fever. Symptoms can include: Sneezing, often with a runny or clogged nose Coughing and postnasal drip Itching eyes, nose and throat Red and watery eyes Dark circles under the eyes Your health care provider may diagnose hay fever based on a physical exam and your symptoms. Sometimes skin or blood tests are used. Taking medicines and using nasal sprays can relieve symptoms. You can also rinse out your nose, but be sure to use distilled or sterilized water with saline. Allergy shots can help make you less sensitive to pollen and provide long-term relief.

MalaCards based summary: Allergic Rhinitis, also known as hay fever, is related to chronic rhinitis and pollen allergy, and has symptoms including tinnitus, rhinorrhea and snoring. An important gene associated with Allergic Rhinitis is IL13 (Interleukin 13), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Innate Immune System and MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation. The drugs Xylometazoline and Desloratadine have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include skin, eye and t cells, and related phenotypes are homeostasis/metabolism and immune system

PubMed Health : 63 Hay fever: Many children and adults are affected by hay fever in the spring and summer months, when plants grow and bloom. Sneezing and itchy eyes can be a real problem, especially on days that are warm and dry. A lot of people who have allergies and asthma have more asthma attacks around this time of year too. Hay fever is an allergic reaction to pollen in the air, affecting the upper airways. The symptoms it causes are called allergic rhinitis.

Disease Ontology: 11 A rhinitis that is an allergic inflammation and irritation of the nasal airways involving sneezing, runny nose, nasal congestion, itching and tearing of the eyes caused by exposure to an allergen such as pollen, dust, mold, animal dander and droppings of cockroaches or house dust mites.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: 73 A common disease with complex inheritance characterized by mucosal inflammation caused by allergen exposure.

Wikipedia: 75 Allergic rhinitis, of which the seasonal type is called hay fever, is a type of inflammation in the nose... more...

More information from OMIM: 607154
Sources

Related Diseases for Allergic Rhinitis

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Diseases related to Allergic Rhinitis via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 749)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 chronic rhinitis 33.4 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 HRH1
2 pollen allergy 32.7 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10
3 ige responsiveness, atopic 32.3 RNASE3 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
4 giant papillary conjunctivitis 32.1 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 CXCL8 CCL11
5 rhinitis 32.0 VIP RNASE3 NGF KNG1 IL5 IL4R
6 common cold 31.9 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 ICAM1
7 allergic asthma 31.8 RNASE3 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
8 adenoid hypertrophy 31.6 IL5 IL4 IL10 CXCL8
9 dermatitis 31.6 RNASE3 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
10 apnea, obstructive sleep 31.6 IL10 ICAM1 CXCL8
11 dermatitis, atopic 31.5 VIP RNASE3 NGF IL5 IL4R IL4
12 urticaria 31.5 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IGHE
13 sleep apnea 31.4 IL10 ICAM1 CXCL8
14 allergic conjunctivitis 31.4 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IGHE
15 conjunctivitis 31.3 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10
16 chronic spontaneous urticaria 31.3 KNG1 IL5 IL4 IL13 HRH1
17 vasomotor rhinitis 31.3 VIP RNASE3 KNG1 IL5 IL4 IL13
18 respiratory allergy 31.3 RNASE3 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
19 chronic urticaria 31.3 RNASE3 IL5 IGHE HRH1 ALOX5
20 pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive 31.2 RNASE3 MPO IL13 CXCL8 CCL11
21 otitis media 31.2 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10
22 hypereosinophilic syndrome 31.2 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10
23 drug allergy 31.2 IL5 IL4 IL13 IGHE
24 exanthem 31.1 MPO IL4 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
25 viral infectious disease 31.1 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
26 intermittent asthma 31.1 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 CXCL8 CCL11
27 laryngitis 31.1 IL4 IL10 CXCL8
28 childhood-onset asthma 31.1 RNASE3 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
29 food allergy 31.1 RNASE3 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
30 allergic disease 31.1 RNASE3 KNG1 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13
31 autoimmune disease 31.0 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG ICAM1
32 aspergillosis 31.0 IL5 IL4 IL10 IFNG EPX CXCL8
33 occupational asthma 30.9 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 CXCL8 CCL11
34 fibromyalgia 30.9 NGF IL4 IL10 CXCL8
35 asthma 30.9 VIP RNASE3 MPO KNG1 IL5 IL4R
36 cough variant asthma 30.9 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13
37 tonsillitis 30.9 MPO IL4 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
38 thyroiditis 30.9 IL4 IL10 IFNG
39 gastroesophageal reflux 30.9 VIP MPO IL5 IL4 CXCL8 CCL11
40 graves' disease 30.8 MPO IL4 IL13 IFNG ICAM1
41 thunderstorm triggered asthma 30.8 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13
42 immune deficiency disease 30.8 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG CXCL8 CCL11
43 proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome 1 30.8 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10
44 migraine with or without aura 1 30.8 VIP NGF KNG1 IL10 CXCL8
45 chronic fatigue syndrome 30.8 VIP IL4 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
46 candidiasis 30.7 IL5 IL4 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
47 respiratory syncytial virus infectious disease 30.7 IL5 IL13
48 covid-19 30.7 KNG1 IL4 IL10 CXCL8
49 esophagitis, eosinophilic, 1 30.7 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 EPX CCL11
50 severe covid-19 30.7 IL4 IL10 IFNG CXCL8

Comorbidity relations with Allergic Rhinitis via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN):


Anxiety Bronchitis
Esophagitis Hypertension, Essential
Hypothyroidism

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Allergic Rhinitis:



Diseases related to Allergic Rhinitis
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Allergic Rhinitis

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Clinical features from OMIM®:

607154 (Updated 08-Dec-2022)

UMLS symptoms related to Allergic Rhinitis:


tinnitus; rhinorrhea; snoring; sore throat; coughing; vertigo/dizziness; equilibration disorder

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Allergic Rhinitis:

45
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.17 ALOX5 EPX HRH1 ICAM1 IFNG IL10
2 immune system MP:0005387 10 ALOX5 CCL11 EPX HRH1 ICAM1 IFNG
3 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 9.86 FOXJ1 ICAM1 IFNG IL10 IL13 IL4
4 respiratory system MP:0005388 9.61 CCL11 FOXJ1 IFNG IL10 IL13 IL4
5 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 9.44 ALOX5 CCL11 EPX HRH1 ICAM1 IFNG
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Allergic Rhinitis

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PubMed Health treatment related to Allergic Rhinitis: 63

Various medications are available to treat the symptoms: Antihistamines Steroids (corticosteroids) Chromones (mast cell stabilizers) Leukotriene receptor antagonists Decongestant nasal drops and sprays There are also non-drug alternatives such as saline (salt water) nasal sprays and nasal washes (nasal irrigation). Allergen -specific immunotherapy (also known as desensitization) can reduce your sensitivity to allergens over the long term. Like with vaccines, this treatment approach involves being exposed to small amounts of the substance by having it injected or placing it under your tongue . In allergen-specific immunotherapy, you are exposed to the allergen at regular intervals. The treatment takes about three years to complete.

Drugs for Allergic Rhinitis (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 240)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Xylometazoline Approved, Investigational Phase 4 526-36-3 5709
2
Desloratadine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 100643-71-8 124087
3
Cetirizine Approved Phase 4 83881-51-0 2678
4
Mometasone furoate Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 83919-23-7 4240 441336
5
Doxazosin Approved Phase 4 74191-85-8 3157
6
Fexofenadine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 83799-24-0 3348
7
Racepinephrine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 51-43-4, 329-65-7 838 5816
8
Nitric Oxide Approved Phase 4 10102-43-9 145068
9
Loratadine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 79794-75-5 3957
10
Levocetirizine Approved Phase 4 130018-77-8 1549000
11
Calcium carbonate Approved, Investigational Phase 4 471-34-1
12
Omalizumab Approved, Investigational Phase 4 242138-07-4
13
Adenosine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 58-61-7 60961
14
Triamcinolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 124-94-7 31307
15
Terfenadine Approved, Withdrawn Phase 4 50679-08-8 5405
16
Capsaicin Approved Phase 4 404-86-4 1548943
17
Theophylline Approved Phase 4 58-55-9 2153
18
Betamethasone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 378-44-9 9782
19
Prazosin Approved Phase 4 19216-56-9 4893
20
Salbutamol Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 18559-94-9 2083
21
Diphenhydramine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 147-24-0, 58-73-1 3100
22
Promethazine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 60-87-7 4927
23
Wormwood Approved, Experimental Phase 4
24
Emedastine Approved Phase 4 87233-61-2 3219
25
Bepotastine Approved Phase 4 190786-44-8, 125602-71-3 2350 164522
26
Montelukast Approved Phase 4 158966-92-8 5281040
27
Cholecalciferol Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 4 67-97-0, 1406-16-2 5280795 10883523
28
Tranilast Investigational Phase 4 53902-12-8 5282230
29
Resveratrol Investigational Phase 4 501-36-0 445154
30 Purple Butterbur Phase 4
31 Cholinergic Agents Phase 4
32
Beclomethasone Phase 4 2308 20469
33
Salmeterol Xinafoate Phase 4 94749-08-3
34 Anti-Ulcer Agents Phase 4
35 Antacids Phase 4
36 Adrenergic Antagonists Phase 4
37 Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists Phase 4
38 Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists Phase 4
39 Antihypertensive Agents Phase 4
40 Epinephryl borate Phase 4
41 Calcium, Dietary Phase 4
42 Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors Phase 4
43 calcium channel blockers Phase 4
44 Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Phase 4
45 Immunologic Factors Phase 4
46 Interleukin-12 Phase 4
47 Mitogens Phase 4
48 Vitamins Phase 4
49 Trace Elements Phase 4
50 Calciferol Phase 4

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 990)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Real Life Proof-of-Concept Study to Assess the Effect of Methylcellulose as add-on "Seal" to the In-season Pharmacologic Rescue Treatment in Subjects With Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT02557269 Phase 4 Xylometazoline - intranasal application;Azelastine - intranasal application;Mometasone furoate - intranasal application;Hydroxyl-propyl-methyl cellulose powder - intranasal application;Bilastine 20 mg;Prednisolone 5 mg
2 Comparison of the Effect of Montelukast and Cetirizine on Allergic Inflammation Measured by Exhaled Nitric Oxide Concentration in Children With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT00488176 Phase 4 montelukast;cetirizine;montelukast and cetirizine;placebo
3 The Evaluation of Singulair for the Treatment of Non-Allergic Rhinitis Eosinophil Syndrome (NARES) Unknown status NCT00406094 Phase 4 montelukast;placebo
4 Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Combination Rupatadine and Fluticasone Propionate Compared to Azelastine Hydrochloride and Fluticasone Propionate in Treating Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT04601324 Phase 4 Fluticasone Propionate;Azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate;Rupatadine
5 SINOL + MucoAdâ„¢ (SMAN) Evaluation Trial: A Double-Blind, Cross-Over Comparison of SINOL and SMAN in Subjects With Congestion Due to Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT00825656 Phase 4 Sinol or Sinol-M nasal spray
6 A Randomized, Parallel, Double-blind, Multi-center, Comparative Study to Exploratively Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Cosalin® Monotherapy vs. Cosalin® and Xarlin® Combination Therapy in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT01062139 Phase 4 Xarlin (Levocetirizine);Cosalin (Petasites hybridus CO2 extract)
7 Assessment of Effectiveness and Safety of Annual Sublingual Immunotherapy in Children With Bronchial Asthma and/or Allergic Rhinitis Allergic to House Dust Mites Unknown status NCT01052610 Phase 4 sublingual house dust mites allergen extract;placebo in sublingual applicator
8 Evaluating Factors Involved in Dymista's Superior Clinical Efficacy to Fluticasone Propionate in the Treatment of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT02402465 Phase 4 Placebo;Fluticasone propionate;Fluticasone/Azelastine nasal spray
9 AZE/FLU Nasal Spray on Symptom Control, Nasal Mediators and Nasal Hyperresponsiveness in Allergic Rhinitis (AR) Unknown status NCT02238353 Phase 4 azelastine + fluticasone;Placebo
10 Changes in Exhaled Breath Temperature During the Pollen Season in Subjects With Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis Sensitized to Grasses and Effect of Sublingual Immunotherapy Unknown status NCT01785394 Phase 4 5 grass allergen extract
11 Effects of Hypertonic Saline Solution (NACL 3%+NAHCO3) on Nasal Inflammation in Children With Allergic Rhinitis. RinASol- Pilot Study (Allergic Rhinitis Solution) Completed NCT02729012 Phase 4 hypertonic saline solution (NACL 3%+NAHCO3)
12 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Zyrtec Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00794599 Phase 4 Desloratadine 5 mg (Clarinex);Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
13 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Zyrtec Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00794846 Phase 4 Desloratadine 5 mg (Clarinex);Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
14 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Zyrtec Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00794495 Phase 4 Desloratadine 5 mg (Clarinex);Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
15 A Proof of Concept Study in Allergic Rhinitis, to Evaluate the Differential Effects Between Single and Chronic Dosing of Doxazosin on Nasal Airway Calibre Completed NCT01946035 Phase 4 Doxazosin XL
16 Single-Center, Double-Blind, Randomized , Parallel Study Comparing Onset of Action, Efficacy & Safety of a Single-Dose of Fexofenadine HCl 180 mg vs Montelukast Na 10 mg & Placebo in Treating Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Subjects in an Allergen Exposure Unit (Study I) Completed NCT00637611 Phase 4 Fexofenadine HCl
17 A Phase IV, Open-label, Safety and Tolerability Trial of MK-3641 and MK-7243 Coadministered in Subjects At Least 18 Years of Age With Ragweed and Grass Pollen Induced Allergic Rhinitis With or Without Conjunctivitis Completed NCT02256553 Phase 4 Rescue Medication
18 The Effect of Cetirizine on Bronchoconstriction in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis and Wheezing in the Pediatric Emergency Department Completed NCT03340740 Phase 4 Cetirizine Hydrochloride 1 MG/ML;Placebo - Concentrate
19 Efficacy Investigation Study of Olopatadine Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution Using OHIO Chamber in Patients With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Completed NCT00818805 Phase 4 Olopatadine 0.1%;Tranilast 0.5%;Placebo (Olopatadine);Placebo (Tranilast)
20 A Multi-center, Open-label, Non-comparative Study of the Relief of Nasal Symptoms and Tolerability in Subjects With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Treated With Aerius. Completed NCT00805584 Phase 4 desloratadine
21 A Preference Evaluation of Nasonex® Nasal Spray (Unscented) vs. Flonase® Nasal Spray (Scented) in Subjects With Symptomatic Allergic Rhinitis (AR) - Single-Dose Cross-over Completed NCT00783458 Phase 4 Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray;fluticasone nasal spray
22 A Monitored Release Study On The Efficacy And Safety of Fexofenadine (Telfast®) 30mg Pediatric Tablets On Filipino Children Aged 6 To 11 for The Relief of Perennial And Intermittent Allergic Rhinitis. Completed NCT00741897 Phase 4 Fexofenadine
23 Immunological Mechanisms of Oralair® (5 Grass Mix Sublingual Allergen Immunotherapy Tablet) in Patients With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT02014623 Phase 4 Control
24 A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effect of Long-Term Treatment With Rhinocort Aqua (Budesonide) Nasal Spray in Children With Perennial Allergic Rhinitis. Completed NCT00641212 Phase 4 Budesonide;Placebo
25 Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Measure 2L®ALERG (Homeopathic Drug) Efficacy on Symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis and Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis in Patients With a Seasonal Allergy to Grass Pollen Completed NCT02690935 Phase 4 2LALERG;Placebo
26 A Preference Evaluation of Nasonex® Nasal Spray (Unscented) vs. Flonase® Nasal Spray (Scented) in Subjects With Symptomatic Allergic Rhinitis (AR) - Single-Dose Cross-over Completed NCT00817050 Phase 4 Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray;fluticasone nasal spray
27 Safety of PATANASE® Nasal Spray in Patients With Perennial Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00789555 Phase 4 Olopatadine hydrochloride 0.6% nasal spray (PATANASE)
28 A Placebo Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Desloratadine vs. Fexofenadine 180 mg. in the Treatment of Subjects With Symptomatic Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Completed NCT00783146 Phase 4 desloratadine;fexofenadine;placebo
29 Clinical Trial to Assess Onset of Action of Azelastine Hydrochloride and Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray Delivered in a Single Spray (MP-AzeFlu) in the Treatment of Allergen-Induced Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms in Comparison to Placebo and Free Combination of Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray and Oral Loratadine Completed NCT03004131 Phase 4 Azelastine hydrochloride + fluticasone propionate nasal spray;Placebos;fluticasone propionate nasal spray + loratadine
30 An 8 Week Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Adding Montelukast to Inhaled Corticosteroid (ICS) to the ICS/Long-Acting Beta 2-Agonist Therapy in Adult Subjects With Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00545844 Phase 4 montelukast sodium
31 Efficacy and Safety of Lectranal® in Treatment of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms Completed NCT00460538 Phase 4
32 A Prospective, Randomized, Open, Multi-centre Study to Assess Safety of PURETHAL Birch Given With a Rush Up-dosing Regimen to Patients With Allergic Rhinitis/Rhinoconjunctivitis Completed NCT01918956 Phase 4
33 Randomized Trial of the Safety of Astepro 0.15% Nasal Spray and Astepro 0.1% Nasal Spray in Children Ages >6 Months to <6 Years With Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT01880840 Phase 4 205.5 mcg of azelastine hydrochloride;137 mcg of azelastine hydrochloride
34 A Multi-center, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Impact on Health-related Quality of Life of Levocetirizine 5 mg Once Daily Given for 2 Weeks in Subjects 18 yr of Age and Older With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00653224 Phase 4 levocetirizine dihydrochloride;placebo
35 MicroRNA-155 Assay in Childhood Allergic Rhinitis Before and After Combined Sublingual Immunotherapy and Probiotics Completed NCT04603456 Phase 4 Lacteol fort;Standardized Timothy Grass Pollen;Lacteol fort and Standardized Timothy Grass Pollen
36 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Allegra Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00794248 Phase 4 desloratadine 5 mg;fexofenadine
37 A Placebo Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Desloratadine vs. Fexofenadine 180 mg. in the Treatment of Subjects With Symptomatic Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Completed NCT00783211 Phase 4 desloratadine;fexofenadine;placebo
38 Evaluation of Efficacy, Using the Number of Comfortable Days and the Safety of Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride, Administered Once Daily in the Evening for 30 Days, to Subjects Suffering From Perennial Allergic Rhinitis to House Dust Mites Completed NCT00521131 Phase 4 Levocetirizine dihydrochloride
39 Korean Study of "Real-World" Montelukast Use in Mild Asthmatic Children With Concomitant Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00442559 Phase 4 montelukast sodium;inhaled corticosteroid
40 Comparison of Effectiveness and Safety of Sublingual Immunotherapy in Children With Allergic Rhinitis Allergic to Grass Pollen Completed NCT00698594 Phase 4
41 A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group, Multicenter, Two-Year Study to Evaluate the Ocular Safety of Once-Daily, Fluticasone Furoate Nasal Spray 110mcg in Adults and Adolescents 12 Years of Age and Older With Perennial Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00682643 Phase 4 fluticasone furoate nasal spray;vehicle placebo nasal spray
42 Nebulized Beclometasone Dipropionate Improves Nasal Patency in Children With Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT02646904 Phase 4 Nasal Beclomethasone Dipropionate;CERCHIO 10 mg/ml OS
43 Comparison of Efficacy, Safety and Cost Effectiveness of Montelukast and Levocetirizine Versus Montelukast and Fexofenadine in Patients of Allergic Rhinitis: a Randomized, Double-blind Clinical Trial Completed NCT02551536 Phase 4 Montelukast;Fexofenadine;Levocetrizine
44 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Allegra Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00794768 Phase 4 desloratadine 5 mg;fexofenadine
45 Onset of Action of Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray vs. Placebo in Induced Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00783237 Phase 4 Mometasone;Placebo
46 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Allegra Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00783133 Phase 4 Desloratadine 5 mg;fexofenadine
47 Evaluation of the Sensory Attributes of Olopatadine 0.6% and Azelastine 137mcg Nasal Sprays in Patients w/Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00772304 Phase 4 Olopatadine 0.6% / Azelastine 137 mcg
48 A Comparison of Fluticasone Furoate Nasal Spray Versus Oral Fexofenadine in the Treatment of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00435461 Phase 4 Fluticasone furoate and fexofenadine
49 Study 200165, A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Center, Parallel-Group Study to Compare the Efficacy of a 2-Week Treatment With Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray Versus Cetirizine in Adult Subjects With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Completed NCT01916226 Phase 4 FPNS;FPNS Placebo;Cetirizine;Cetirizine Placebo
50 A Placebo Controlled Trial to Evaluate The Effects of Levocetirizine on Nasal Allergen Challenge And Adenosine Monophosphate Challenge In Patients With Intermittent and Persistent Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00679250 Phase 4 levocetirizine;placebo to levocetirizine

Search NIH Clinical Center for Allergic Rhinitis

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 71 / NDF-RT 50 :


acrivastine
Astemizole
azatadine
Azatadine maleate
azelastine
Azelastine hydrochloride
Beclomethasone
Beclomethasone Dipropionate
bromodiphenhydramine
Bromodiphenhydramine hydrochloride
Brompheniramine
Brompheniramine Maleate
Budesonide
carbinoxamine
Carbinoxamine maleate
Cetirizine
cetirizine hydrochloride
chlorcyclizine
Chlorcyclizine hydrochloride
CHLOROTHEN MALEATE
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpheniramine Maleate
CHLORPHENIRAMINE POLISTIREX
Chlorpheniramine Tannate
Clemastine
Clemastine Fumarate
Cromolyn
Cromolyn Sodium
Cyproheptadine
Cyproheptadine hydrochloride
CYPROHEPTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE
desloratadine
Dexamethasone
dexamethasone acetate
DEXAMETHASONE ACETATE PWDR
Dexamethasone phosphate
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate
DEXAMETHASONE SODIUM PHOSPHATE PWDR
dexbrompheniramine
Dexbrompheniramine maleate
dexchlorpheniramine
Dexchlorpheniramine maleate
Diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine Citrate
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride
Doxylamine
doxylamine succinate
fexofenadine
Fexofenadine hydrochloride
flunisolide
fluticasone
fluticasone furoate
Fluticasone propionate
Guaifenesin
Ipratropium
Ipratropium Bromide
levocetirizine
levocetirizine dihydrochloride
Loratadine
Methapyrilene
METHAPYRILENE HYDROCHLORIDE
methdilazine
Methdilazine hydrochloride
Mometasone
mometasone furoate
Mometasone furoate monohydrate
montelukast
montelukast sodium
phenindamine
Phenindamine tartrate
Pheniramine
Pheniramine Maleate
Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
phenyltoloxamine
Phenyltoloxamine citrate
PHENYLTOLOXAMINE RESIN COMPLEX
Promethazine
PROMETHAZINE HYDROBROMIDE
Promethazine Hydrochloride
Pseudoephedrine
Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Pseudoephedrine sulfate
Pyrilamine
Pyrilamine Maleate
PYRILAMINE TANNATE
Triamcinolone
Triamcinolone Acetonide
TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE PWDR
triamcinolone diacetate
triamcinolone hexacetonide
Trimeprazine
trimeprazine tartrate
Tripelennamine
Tripelennamine citrate
Tripelennamine Hydrochloride
Sources

Genetic Tests for Allergic Rhinitis

About this section

Genetic tests related to Allergic Rhinitis:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Allergic Rhinitis 28 IL13
Sources

Anatomical Context for Allergic Rhinitis

About this section

Organs/tissues related to Allergic Rhinitis:

MalaCards : Skin, Eye, T Cells, Pituitary, Tongue, Lung, Whole Blood
Sources

Publications for Allergic Rhinitis

About this section

Articles related to Allergic Rhinitis:

(show top 50) (show all 25148)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
A common IL-13 Arg130Gln single nucleotide polymorphism among Chinese atopy patients with allergic rhinitis. 62 57 5
12928861 2003
2
Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms in FOXJ1 and their association with allergic rhinitis. 62 57
16518568 2006
3
Allergic rhinitis--a total genome-scan for susceptibility genes suggests a locus on chromosome 4q24-q27. 62 57
11840197 2001
4
Ultra-processed foods and allergic symptoms among children and adults in the United States: A population-based analysis of NHANES 2005-2006. 62 41
36407984 2022
5
Generation of high affinity ICAM-1-specific nanobodies and evaluation of their suitability for allergy treatment. 62 41
36439110 2022
6
Highly significant linkage to chromosome 3q13.31 for rhinitis and related allergic diseases. 57
16525028 2006
7
IL-13 R130Q, a common variant associated with allergy and asthma, enhances effector mechanisms essential for human allergic inflammation. 5
15711639 2005
8
Interleukin-13 gene polymorphisms confer the susceptibility of Japanese populations to Graves' disease. 5
15483090 2005
9
Functional effect of the R110Q IL13 genetic variant alone and in combination with IL4RA genetic variants. 5
15356556 2004
10
Genetic variants of IL-13 signalling and human asthma and atopy. 5
10699178 2000
11
Association between grass, tree and weed pollen and asthma health outcomes in Adelaide, South Australia: a time series regression analysis. 41
36414301 2022
12
Opposing roles of IL-17A and IL-25 in the regulation of TSLP production in human nasal epithelial cells. 53 62
19968632 2010
13
[The expression of interleukin-17 in blood and nasal tissue of patients with allergic rhinltis and nasal polyps]. 53 62
20506642 2010
14
Identification of polymorphisms in the RNase3 gene and the association with allergic rhinitis. 53 62
19760211 2010
15
Identification of polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor gene and the association with allergic rhinitis. 53 62
19763595 2010
16
CLC- a novel susceptibility gene for allergic rhinitis? 53 62
19650845 2010
17
The role of neurotrophins in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis. 53 62
19935061 2010
18
Peripheral Th-17 cells in allergic rhinitis: New evidence. 53 62
19925886 2010
19
Sensory neuropeptides are potent chemoattractants for human basophils in vitro. 53 62
20035805 2010
20
Local allergic rhinitis: a new entity, characterization and further studies. 53 62
20010094 2010
21
Effects of a dual CCR3 and H1-antagonist on symptoms and eosinophilic inflammation in allergic rhinitis. 53 62
20144207 2010
22
[The expression and significance of interleukin-17 and the infiltrating eosinophils in nasal polyps and nasal mucous of allergic rhinitis]. 53 62
20306850 2010
23
Relationship between squamous cell carcinoma antigen and the clinical severity of allergic rhinitis caused by Dermatophagoides farinae and Japanese cedar pollen. 53 62
20128182 2010
24
Association of the CD14 gene polymorphism C-159T with allergic rhinitis. 53 62
20109306 2010
25
High-level expression of early growth response-1 and association of polymorphism with total IgE and atopy in allergic rhinitis adults. 53 62
19833116 2010
26
Association between TIM-1 gene polymorphisms and allergic rhinitis in a Han Chinese population. 53 62
20232767 2010
27
[Serum ECP levels in patients with allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis.]. 53 62
20193614 2009
28
[Expression of CD23 and CD19 on peripheral blood lymphocytes and its association with serum total IgE in patients with allergic rhinitis]. 53 62
20359104 2009
29
Interleukin 17 and RANTES levels in induced sputum of patients with allergic rhinitis after a single nasal allergen challenge. 53 62
19927541 2009
30
Nasal inflammatory mediators and specific IgE production after nasal challenge with grass pollen in local allergic rhinitis. 53 62
19796796 2009
31
Is serum total IgE levels a good predictor of allergies in children? 53 62
19813686 2009
32
Sublingual immunotherapy affects specific antibody and TGF-beta serum levels in patients with allergic rhinitis. 53 62
20074473 2009
33
[The expression of mucins gene in the human nasal polyps and allergic rhinitis]. 53 62
20128280 2009
34
TGF-beta and IL-17 serum levels and specific immunotherapy. 53 62
19622397 2009
35
Serum interleukin-17 levels are related to clinical severity in allergic rhinitis. 53 62
19226302 2009
36
Emedastine difumarate: a review of its potential ameliorating effect for tissue remodeling in allergic diseases. 53 62
19558341 2009
37
Contribution of functional variation in the IL13 gene to allergy, hay fever and asthma in the NSHD longitudinal 1946 birth cohort. 53 62
19254294 2009
38
Immunoglobulin production pattern is allergen-specific in polysensitized patients. 53 62
19822071 2009
39
Glucocorticoid receptor immunoreactivity of eosinophils in nasal polyps. 53 62
19848249 2009
40
Localized immunoglobulin E expression in allergic rhinitis and nasal polyposis. 53 62
19417663 2009
41
Syk: a novel target for treatment of inflammation in lung disease. 53 62
19530990 2009
42
[Expression and significance of VCAM-1 in subjects with allergic inflammation of respiratory tract]. 53 62
19771922 2009
43
Serum eosinophil granule proteins predict asthma risk in allergic rhinitis. 53 62
19133919 2009
44
TRPV1-mediated itch in seasonal allergic rhinitis. 53 62
19220220 2009
45
Nasal endothelial interleukin-10 expression is negatively correlated with nasal symptoms after allergen provocation. 53 62
19383027 2009
46
[The investigation for the neuropeptides of nasal septum in perennial allergic rhinitis patient]. 53 62
19685709 2009
47
Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in GATA-3 with allergic rhinitis. 53 62
18607915 2009
48
Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the eosinophil peroxidase gene with allergic rhinitis in the Czech population. 53 62
19439985 2009
49
Nerve growth factor localization in the nasal mucosa of patients with persistent allergic rhinitis. 53 62
19076929 2009
50
Local cytokines and clinical symptoms in children with allergic rhinitis after different treatments. 53 62
19851472 2009
Sources

Variations for Allergic Rhinitis

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Allergic Rhinitis:

5
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID Position
1 IL13 NM_002188.3(IL13):c.431A>G (p.Gln144Arg) SNV Risk Factor
 14673 rs20541 GRCh37: 5:131995964-131995964
GRCh38: 5:132660272-132660272
Sources

Expression for Allergic Rhinitis

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LifeMap Discovery
Genes differentially expressed in tissues of Allergic Rhinitis patients vs. healthy controls: 35
# Gene Description Tissue Up/Dn Fold Change (log2) P value
1 CST1 cystatin SN Respiratory System + 6.00 0.000
Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Allergic Rhinitis.
Sources

Pathways for Allergic Rhinitis

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Pathways related to Allergic Rhinitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 42)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Innate Immune System 66
Show member pathways
 13.96 ALOX5 CCL11 CXCL8 EPX ICAM1 IFNG
2
MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation 64
Show member pathways
 13.63 NGF IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
3
TGF-Beta Pathway 64
Show member pathways
 13.54 NGF IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
4
Akt Signaling 64
Show member pathways
 13.39 NGF IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
5
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system 66
Show member pathways
 13.32 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
6
PAK Pathway 64
Show member pathways
 13.3 NGF IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
7
Overview of interferons-mediated signaling pathway 74
Show member pathways
 12.67 NGF IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
8
NF-kappaB Signaling 3
12.56 MPO IL4 IL10 IFNG ALOX5
9
Bacterial infections in CF airways 22
Show member pathways
 12.38 IL4 IFNG CXCL8 CCL11
10
Development IGF-1 receptor signaling 22
Show member pathways
 12.24 IL4R IL4 IGHE CCL11
11
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) susceptibility pathways 74
12.16 NGF IL13 IL10 CXCL8
12
T-cell activation SARS-CoV-2 74
Show member pathways
 12.13 IL5 IL4 IL10 IFNG
13
Neuroinflammation and glutamatergic signaling 74
12.1 IFNG IL10 IL13 IL4 IL4R NGF
14
Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-specific Markers 65
12.05 MPO IL5 IL4 IL10 IFNG
15
Spinal cord injury 74
11.99 IL4 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
16
Allograft rejection 74
11.88 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
17
Innate Lymphoid Cells Differentiation 65
11.85 IFNG IL10 IL13 IL4 IL5
18
Th17 Differentiation 65
Show member pathways
 11.82 IL4R IL4 IFNG
19
AP-1 transcription factor network 61
11.76 IL5 IL4 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
20
Calcineurin-regulated NFAT-dependent transcription in lymphocytes 61
Show member pathways
 11.74 CXCL8 IFNG IL4 IL5
21
Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network 61
11.73 IL5 IL4 IL13 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
22
Extrafollicular B cell activation by SARS-CoV-2 74
11.71 IL4 IL10 IFNG
23
Lung fibrosis 74
11.71 IL5 IL4 IL13 CXCL8 CCL11
24
Th17 cell differentiation pathway 74
11.69 IL4R IL4 IFNG
25
IL4-mediated signaling events 61
11.67 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL10 CCL11
26
Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling 74
Show member pathways
 11.65 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
27
miRNAs involvement in the immune response in sepsis 74
11.64 IL10 ICAM1 CXCL8
28
Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling 66
11.59 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 ICAM1 CXCL8
29
THC Differentiation Pathway 64
11.54 IFNG IL10 IL4 IL4R
30
Interleukin-10 signaling 66
11.51 CXCL8 ICAM1 IL10
31
Inflammatory bowel disease signaling 74
Show member pathways
 11.5 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
32
Immune response_Role of integrins in NK cells cytotoxicity 22
11.47 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
33
Inflammatory response pathway 74
11.4 IL5 IL4R IL4 IFNG
34
Development and heterogeneity of the ILC family 74
11.37 IL5 IL4 IL13 IFNG
35
Cytokines and inflammatory response 74
11.26 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
36
OX40 Pathway 64
11.13 IFNG IL10 IL13 IL4 IL5
37
Immune infiltration in pancreatic cancer 74
11.06 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
38
G-protein signaling_Rap2B regulation pathway 22
11.05 NGF IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 CXCL8
39
Selective expression of chemokine receptors during T-cell polarization 74
10.97 IL4R IL4 IFNG
40
IL-9 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types 65
10.84 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13
41
Th2 Differentiation 65
10.83 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
42
Cells and molecules involved in local acute inflammatory response 74
Show member pathways
 10.36 KNG1 CXCL8
Sources

GO Terms for Allergic Rhinitis

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Cellular components related to Allergic Rhinitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular region GO:0005576 10.15 ALOX5 CCL11 CXCL8 EPX IFNG IGHE
2 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.83 ALOX5 CCL11 CXCL8 EPX ICAM1 IFNG

Biological processes related to Allergic Rhinitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 16)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 defense response to bacterium GO:0042742 10.13 RNASE3 MPO IL10 IGHE EPX
2 inflammatory response GO:0006954 10.13 KNG1 IL5 IL13 HRH1 CXCL8 CCL11
3 negative regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050728 10.11 IL4 IL13 IL10 ALOX5
4 positive regulation of B cell proliferation GO:0030890 10 IL5 IL4 IL13
5 microglial cell activation GO:0001774 9.91 IL4 IL13 IFNG
6 positive regulation of macrophage activation GO:0043032 9.88 IL4R IL13 IL10
7 T-helper 2 cell differentiation GO:0045064 9.86 IL4R IL4
8 type 2 immune response GO:0042092 9.85 IL4 IL10
9 positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process GO:0045348 9.85 IFNG IL10 IL4
10 neuroinflammatory response GO:0150076 9.84 IL4 IFNG
11 regulation of isotype switching GO:0045191 9.8 IL10 IL4
12 negative regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity GO:1903660 9.76 IL4 IL13
13 negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process GO:2000352 9.76 ICAM1 IL10 IL13 IL4
14 positive regulation of mast cell degranulation GO:0043306 9.73 IL4R IL4 IL13
15 positive regulation of immunoglobulin production GO:0002639 9.56 IL5 IL4R IL13 IL10
16 immune response GO:0006955 9.47 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 IGHE

Molecular functions related to Allergic Rhinitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cytokine activity GO:0005125 9.4 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
Sources

Sources for Allergic Rhinitis

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2 CDC
6 CNVD
8 Cosmic
9 dbSNP
10 DGIdb
16 EFO
17 ExPASy
18 FMA
19 GARD
27 GO
28 GTR
29 HMDB
30 HPO
31 ICD10
32 ICD10 via Orphanet
33 ICD11
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 LifeMap
38 LOVD
40 MedGen
43 MeSH
44 MESH via Orphanet
45 MGI
48 NCI
49 NCIt
50 NDF-RT
52 NINDS
53 Novoseek
55 ODiseA
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 08-Dec-2022)
61 PubChem
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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