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ALRH
MCID: ALL003
MIFTS: 67

Allergic Rhinitis (ALRH)

Categories: Genetic diseases, Immune diseases, Respiratory diseases, Skin diseases, Smell/Taste diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
Sources

Aliases & Classifications for Allergic Rhinitis

About this section

MalaCards integrated aliases for Allergic Rhinitis:

Name: Allergic Rhinitis 56 12 73 36 29 54 15 39 17 71
Hay Fever 12 42 15 62 71
Allergic Rhinitis, Susceptibility to 56 13 6
Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial 43 17 71
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis 12 17
Atopic Rhinitis 12 71
Alrh 56 73
Non-Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis 12
Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal 43
Perenial Allergic Rhinitis 12
Rhinitis Allergic Seasonal 54
Pollenosis 12

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Genetic diseases
Anatomical: Respiratory diseases Skin diseases Immune diseases Smell/Taste diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:4481
OMIM 56 607154
KEGG 36 H01360
NCIt 49 C34987
ICD10 32 J30.1 J30.4
MedGen 41 C2607914
UMLS 71 C0002103 C0018621 C0035457 more
Sources

Summaries for Allergic Rhinitis

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MedlinePlus : 42 Each spring, summer, and fall, trees, weeds, and grasses release tiny pollen grains into the air. Some of the pollen ends up in your nose and throat. This can trigger a type of allergy called hay fever. Symptoms can include Sneezing, often with a runny or clogged nose Coughing and postnasal drip Itching eyes, nose and throat Red and watery eyes Dark circles under the eyes Your health care provider may diagnose hay fever based on a physical exam and your symptoms. Sometimes skin or blood tests are used. Taking medicines and using nasal sprays can relieve symptoms. You can also rinse out your nose, but be sure to use distilled or sterilized water with saline. Allergy shots can help make you less sensitive to pollen and provide long-term relief.

MalaCards based summary : Allergic Rhinitis, also known as hay fever, is related to pollen allergy and churg-strauss syndrome, and has symptoms including tinnitus, rhinorrhea and snoring. An important gene associated with Allergic Rhinitis is IL13 (Interleukin 13), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Innate Immune System and PEDF Induced Signaling. The drugs Xylometazoline and Desloratadine have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include testes, skin and t cells, and related phenotypes are hematopoietic system and homeostasis/metabolism

Disease Ontology : 12 A rhinitis that is an allergic inflammation and irritation of the nasal airways involving sneezing, runny nose, nasal congestion, itching and tearing of the eyes caused by exposure to an allergen such as pollen, dust, mold, animal dander and droppings of cockroaches or house dust mites.

KEGG : 36 Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammation of nasal mucosa mediated by IgE-associated processes, which is characterised by pruritus, sneezing, rhinorrhoea, and nasal congestion. The development of AR entails a complex interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental exposure to different factors, of which the most important is the implicated allergen. Single-nucleotide polymorphism studies involving genes encoding for molecules implicated in the pathogenesis of AR have also been made. Such molecules comprise chemokines and their receptors, interleukins and their receptors, eosinophil peroxidase and leukotrienes, among others.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot : 73 Allergic rhinitis: A common disease with complex inheritance characterized by mucosal inflammation caused by allergen exposure.

PubMed Health : 62 About hay fever: Many children and adults are affected by hay fever in the spring and summer months, when plants grow and bloom. Sneezing and itchy eyes can be a real problem, especially on days that are warm and dry. A lot of people who have allergies and asthma have more asthma attacks around this time of year too. Hay fever is an allergic reaction to pollen in the air, affecting the upper airways. The symptoms it causes are called allergic rhinitis.

Wikipedia : 74 Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, is a type of inflammation in the nose which occurs when the... more...

More information from OMIM: 607154
Sources

Related Diseases for Allergic Rhinitis

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Diseases related to Allergic Rhinitis via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 583)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 pollen allergy 33.3 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4R IL13 IGHE
2 churg-strauss syndrome 33.0 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL10 CXCL8 CCL11
3 ige responsiveness, atopic 33.0 RNASE3 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
4 giant papillary conjunctivitis 32.7 RNASE3 IL4 CXCL8 CCL11
5 vasomotor rhinitis 32.4 VIP RNASE3 KNG1 IL5
6 allergic asthma 32.3 RNASE3 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
7 cytokine deficiency 32.2 IL5 IL13
8 dermatitis, atopic 31.9 VIP RNASE3 NGF IL5 IL4R IL4
9 dermatitis 31.9 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IGHE IFNG
10 chronic rhinitis 31.8 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4 IL13 HRH1
11 rhinitis 31.8 VIP RNASE3 NGF KNG1 IL5 IL4R
12 urticaria 31.6 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IGHE
13 respiratory allergy 31.6 RNASE3 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
14 sleep apnea 31.6 IL10 ICAM1 CXCL8
15 exanthem 31.4 MPO IL10 IFNG CXCL8
16 drug allergy 31.3 IL5 IL4R IGHE
17 autoimmune disease 31.2 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
18 conjunctivitis 31.2 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10
19 otitis media 31.2 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10
20 allergic conjunctivitis 31.2 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IGHE
21 common cold 31.2 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 ICAM1
22 tonsillitis 31.1 MPO IL4 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
23 fibromyalgia 31.1 NGF IL10 CXCL8
24 hypereosinophilic syndrome 31.1 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10
25 graves' disease 31.1 MPO IL4 IL13 IFNG ICAM1
26 candidiasis 31.1 IL4 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
27 gastroesophageal reflux 31.0 VIP MPO IL5 IL4 CXCL8 CCL11
28 esophagitis, eosinophilic, 1 31.0 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 EPX CCL11
29 toxic shock syndrome 31.0 IL4 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
30 food allergy 31.0 RNASE3 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
31 hashimoto thyroiditis 31.0 IL5 IL4 IL10 IFNG ICAM1
32 esophagitis 30.9 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 CXCL8 CCL11
33 cough variant asthma 30.9 RNASE3 NGF IL5 IL4 IL13 IGHE
34 irritable bowel syndrome 30.9 VIP NGF IL10 CXCL8
35 pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive 30.9 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10
36 aspergillosis 30.9 IL5 IL4 IL10 IFNG EPX CXCL8
37 sarcoidosis 1 30.9 IL13 IFNG ICAM1 CCL11
38 middle ear disease 30.9 MPO IL10 CXCL8
39 proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome 1 30.9 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10
40 smallpox 30.9 IL4 IFNG ICAM1
41 periodontitis 30.8 MPO IL4 IL10 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
42 chronic fatigue syndrome 30.8 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
43 tetanus 30.8 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
44 severe acute respiratory syndrome 30.8 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
45 migraine with or without aura 1 30.8 VIP NGF KNG1 IL10
46 bronchitis 30.7 VIP RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4 IL13
47 latex allergy 30.7 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 IGHE IGES
48 diphtheria 30.7 IL5 IL4 IL13 IFNG
49 angioedema 30.7 KNG1 IL5 IGHE HRH1 ALOX5
50 stomatitis 30.7 IL4 IL10 IFNG CXCL8

Comorbidity relations with Allergic Rhinitis via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN):


Anxiety Bronchitis
Esophagitis Hypertension, Essential
Hypothyroidism

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Allergic Rhinitis:



Diseases related to Allergic Rhinitis
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Allergic Rhinitis

About this section

Clinical features from OMIM:

607154

UMLS symptoms related to Allergic Rhinitis:


tinnitus, rhinorrhea, snoring, sore throat, coughing, vertigo/dizziness, equilibration disorder

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Allergic Rhinitis:

45
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 10.03 ALOX5 CCL11 EPX HRH1 ICAM1 IFNG
2 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10 ALOX5 EPX HRH1 ICAM1 IFNG IL10
3 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 9.92 FOXJ1 ICAM1 IFNG IL10 IL13 IL4
4 immune system MP:0005387 9.77 ALOX5 CCL11 EPX HRH1 ICAM1 IFNG
5 respiratory system MP:0005388 9.28 CCL11 FOXJ1 IFNG IL10 IL13 IL4
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Allergic Rhinitis

About this section

PubMed Health treatment related to Allergic Rhinitis: 62

Various medications are available to treat the symptoms: Antihistamines Steroids (corticosteroids) Chromones (mast cell stabilizers) Leukotriene receptor antagonists Decongestant nasal drops and sprays There are also non-drug alternatives such as saline (salt water) nasal sprays and nasal washes (nasal irrigation). Allergen -specific immunotherapy (also known as desensitization) can reduce your sensitivity to allergens over the long term. Like with vaccines, this treatment approach involves being exposed to small amounts of the substance by having it injected or placing it under your tongue . In allergen-specific immunotherapy, you are exposed to the allergen at regular intervals. The treatment takes about three years to complete.

Drugs for Allergic Rhinitis (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 298)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Xylometazoline Approved, Investigational Phase 4 526-36-3 5709
2
Desloratadine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 100643-71-8 124087
3
Fexofenadine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 83799-24-0 3348
4
Montelukast Approved Phase 4 158966-92-8 5281040
5
Loratadine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 79794-75-5 3957
6
Levocetirizine Approved Phase 4 130018-77-8 1549000
7
Nitric Oxide Approved Phase 4 10102-43-9 145068
8
Epinastine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 80012-43-7 3241
9
Omalizumab Approved, Investigational Phase 4 242138-07-4
10
Triamcinolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 124-94-7 31307
11
Promethazine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 60-87-7 4927
12
Diphenhydramine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 58-73-1, 147-24-0 3100
13
Epinephrine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 51-43-4 5816
14
Racepinephrine Approved Phase 4 329-65-7 838
15
Methylprednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 83-43-2 6741
16
Prednisolone phosphate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 302-25-0
17
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Approved Phase 4 2921-57-5
18
Prednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-24-8 5755
19 Prednisolone acetate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 52-21-1
20
Adenosine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 58-61-7 60961
21
Betamethasone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 378-44-9 9782
22
Doxazosin Approved Phase 4 74191-85-8 3157
23
Prazosin Approved Phase 4 19216-56-9 4893
24
Dipivefrin Approved Phase 4 52365-63-6 3105
25
Cetirizine Approved Phase 4 83881-51-0 2678
26
Budesonide Approved Phase 4 51333-22-3 63006 5281004
27
mometasone furoate Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 83919-23-7
28
Resveratrol Investigational Phase 4 501-36-0 445154
29
Prednisolone hemisuccinate Experimental Phase 4 2920-86-7
30
Tranilast Investigational Phase 4 53902-12-8 93543
31 Purple Butterbur Phase 4
32
Salmeterol xinafoate Phase 4 94749-08-3 56801
33 Leukotriene Antagonists Phase 4
34
Beclomethasone Phase 4 4419-39-0 20469
35 Adrenergic beta-Agonists Phase 4
36 Albuterol Phase 4
37 Tocolytic Agents Phase 4
38 Pharmaceutical Solutions Phase 4
39
Ethylene Phase 4 74-85-1 6325
40 Ophthalmic Solutions Phase 4
41 Triamcinolone diacetate Phase 4
42 Immunosuppressive Agents Phase 4
43 triamcinolone acetonide Phase 4
44 Triamcinolone hexacetonide Phase 4
45 Anesthetics Phase 4
46 Hypnotics and Sedatives Phase 4
47 Antiemetics Phase 4
48 Anesthetics, Local Phase 4
49 Epinephryl borate Phase 4
50 Fluticasone-Salmeterol Drug Combination Phase 4

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 1061)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Comparison of the Effect of Montelukast and Cetirizine on Allergic Inflammation Measured by Exhaled Nitric Oxide Concentration in Children With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT00488176 Phase 4 montelukast;cetirizine;montelukast and cetirizine;placebo
2 Immunological Mechanisms of Oralair® (5 Grass Mix Sublingual Allergen Immunotherapy Tablet) in Patients With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT02014623 Phase 4 Control
3 Evaluating Factors Involved in Dymista's Superior Clinical Efficacy to Fluticasone Propionate in the Treatment of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT02402465 Phase 4 Placebo;Fluticasone propionate;Fluticasone/Azelastine nasal spray
4 Real Life Proof-of-Concept Study to Assess the Effect of Methylcellulose as add-on "Seal" to the In-season Pharmacologic Rescue Treatment in Subjects With Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT02557269 Phase 4 Xylometazoline - intranasal application;Azelastine - intranasal application;Mometasone furoate - intranasal application;Hydroxyl-propyl-methyl cellulose powder - intranasal application;Bilastine 20 mg;Prednisolone 5 mg
5 A Randomized, Parallel, Double-blind, Multi-center, Comparative Study to Exploratively Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Cosalin® Monotherapy vs. Cosalin® and Xarlin® Combination Therapy in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT01062139 Phase 4 Xarlin (Levocetirizine);Cosalin (Petasites hybridus CO2 extract)
6 Changes in Exhaled Breath Temperature During the Pollen Season in Subjects With Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis Sensitized to Grasses and Effect of Sublingual Immunotherapy Unknown status NCT01785394 Phase 4 5 grass allergen extract
7 A Double Blind Placebo Controlled Randomised Trial to Study the Effects of Birch Pollen Specific Immunotherapy (BP-SIT) on the Symptoms of the Oral Allergy Syndrome in Adult Patients Unknown status NCT01431859 Phase 4
8 Assessment of Effectiveness and Safety of Annual Sublingual Immunotherapy in Children With Bronchial Asthma and/or Allergic Rhinitis Allergic to House Dust Mites Unknown status NCT01052610 Phase 4 sublingual house dust mites allergen extract;placebo in sublingual applicator
9 SINOL + MucoAdâ„¢ (SMAN) Evaluation Trial: A Double-Blind, Cross-Over Comparison of SINOL and SMAN in Subjects With Congestion Due to Allergic Rhinitis Unknown status NCT00825656 Phase 4 Sinol or Sinol-M nasal spray
10 AZE/FLU Nasal Spray on Symptom Control, Nasal Mediators and Nasal Hyperresponsiveness in Allergic Rhinitis (AR) Unknown status NCT02238353 Phase 4 azelastine + fluticasone;Placebo
11 The Evaluation of Singulair for the Treatment of Non-Allergic Rhinitis Eosinophil Syndrome (NARES) Unknown status NCT00406094 Phase 4 montelukast;placebo
12 Bronchiolitis All-study, SE-Norway What is the Optimal Inhalation Treatment for Children 0-12 Months With Acute Bronchiolitis? Unknown status NCT00817466 Phase 4 Racemic adrenaline;Isotonic saline
13 A Comparison of Fluticasone Furoate Nasal Spray Versus Oral Fexofenadine in the Treatment of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00502775 Phase 4 fluticasone furoate, fexofenadine
14 A Four-Way Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Study to Determine the Efficacy and Speed of Azelastine Nasal Spray and Antihistaminic Agents in Adult Subjects With Allergen Induced Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00561717 Phase 4 Azelastine and placebo;Loratadine and Placebo;Cetirizine and Placebo;Placebo and Placebo (spray and Tablet)
15 The Addition of Vitamin D to Fluticasone Propionate in the Management of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT01103934 Phase 4 Vitamin D3;Placebo;Fluticasone Propionate
16 A Comparison of Fluticasone Furoate Nasal Spray Versus Oral Fexofenadine in the Treatment of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00435461 Phase 4 Fluticasone furoate and fexofenadine
17 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Zyrtec Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00794846 Phase 4 Desloratadine 5 mg (Clarinex);Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
18 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Zyrtec Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00794599 Phase 4 Desloratadine 5 mg (Clarinex);Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
19 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Zyrtec Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00794495 Phase 4 Desloratadine 5 mg (Clarinex);Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
20 Allergic Rhinitis Changes the Sinus Microbiome Completed NCT01852513 Phase 4 QNASL;Placebo nasal spray
21 Efficacy and Safety of Nasonex vs. Placebo in Subjects With SAR and Concomitant Asthma Completed NCT00070707 Phase 4 Mometasone;Placebo;Albuterol/Salbutamol
22 A Multi-center, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Impact on Health-related Quality of Life of Levocetirizine 5 mg Once Daily Given for 2 Weeks in Subjects 18 yr of Age and Older With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00621959 Phase 4 levocetirizine dihydrochloride;placebo
23 A Double-masked, Randomized, Parallel Group, Comparison of Olopatadine 0.6% and Fluticasone Proprionate 50mcg Nasal Sprays in a Two Week Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Trial Completed NCT00691665 Phase 4 Olopatadine HCL Nasal Spray, 0.6%;Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray, 50 mcg
24 Double-blind, Three Parallel Randomized Groups, Therapeutic Confirmatory Clinical Trial to Compare the Efficacy of Oral Levocetirizine 5 mg and Montelukast 10 mg to Placebo in Reducing Symptoms of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) in Ragweed Sensitive Subjects Exposed to Ragweed Pollen in an Environmental Exposure Unit (EEU) Completed NCT00295022 Phase 4 Placebo;Montelukast;Levocetirizine
25 A Monocenter, Double-blind, Randomized Trial, With Two Parallel Groups Comparing the Clinical Efficacy of Levocetirizine 5 mg Capsules and Desloratadine 5 mg Capsules Taken Once a Day Over 3 Weeks of Treatment in Adult Subjects Suffering From Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Due to Grass Pollen Completed NCT00160537 Phase 4 Levocetirizine
26 Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Levocetirizine 5 mg od and Fexofenadine 120 mg od in Reducing Symptoms of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis in Grass Pollen Sensitized Adults Completed NCT00542607 Phase 4 levocetirizine dihydrochloride
27 A Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Randomized Trial Evaluating the Effects of Fluticasone Nasal Spray in Subjects With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis and a History of Sleep Disturbance on Cognitive Performance and Daytime Sleepiness Completed NCT00997620 Phase 4 Fluticasone furoate Nasal Spray 110 mcg;Placebo
28 A Multi-center, Open-label, Non-comparative Study of the Relief of Nasal Symptoms and Tolerability in Subjects With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Treated With Aerius. Completed NCT00805584 Phase 4 desloratadine
29 Study 200165, A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Center, Parallel-Group Study to Compare the Efficacy of a 2-Week Treatment With Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray Versus Cetirizine in Adult Subjects With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Completed NCT01916226 Phase 4 FPNS;FPNS Placebo;Cetirizine;Cetirizine Placebo
30 Montelukast as a Controller of Atopic Syndrome Completed NCT00559546 Phase 4 montelukast
31 A Multi-Centre, Double-Blind, Randomised Comparison Of The Effects Of Desloratadine (Aerius®) And Placebo In The Relief Of Nasal Symptom Scores In Subjects With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (Sar) To Cypress Pollen Completed NCT00867191 Phase 4 Placebo;Desloratadine
32 Single-Center, Double-Blind, Randomized , Parallel Study Comparing Onset of Action, Efficacy & Safety of a Single-Dose of Fexofenadine HCl 180 mg vs Montelukast Na 10 mg & Placebo in Treating Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Subjects in an Allergen Exposure Unit (Study I) Completed NCT00637611 Phase 4 Fexofenadine HCl
33 A Multi-center, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Impact on Health-related Quality of Life of Levocetirizine 5 mg Once Daily Given for 2 Weeks in Subjects 18 yr of Age and Older With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00653224 Phase 4 levocetirizine dihydrochloride;placebo
34 Comparison of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Treatment With 2 Antihistamines Used in Combination With Intranasal Corticosteroid Completed NCT00845195 Phase 4 Olopatadine HCl Nasal Spray, 0.6%;Azelastine HCl Nasal Spray, 0.1%
35 Intranasal Steroids Prevent Antigen-Induced Hyperresponsiveness of the Nasal Ocular Response Completed NCT00473915 Phase 4 fluticasone furoate
36 Clinical Trial to Assess Onset of Action of Azelastine Hydrochloride and Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray Delivered in a Single Spray (MP-AzeFlu) in the Treatment of Allergen-Induced Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms in Comparison to Placebo and Free Combination of Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray and Oral Loratadine Completed NCT03004131 Phase 4 Azelastine hydrochloride + fluticasone propionate nasal spray;Placebos;fluticasone propionate nasal spray + loratadine
37 Efficacy and Safety of Lectranal® in Treatment of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms Completed NCT00460538 Phase 4
38 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Allegra Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00794768 Phase 4 desloratadine 5 mg;fexofenadine
39 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Allegra Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00794248 Phase 4 desloratadine 5 mg;fexofenadine
40 A Placebo Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Desloratadine vs. Fexofenadine 180 mg. in the Treatment of Subjects With Symptomatic Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Completed NCT00783211 Phase 4 desloratadine;fexofenadine;placebo
41 A Placebo Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Desloratadine vs. Fexofenadine 180 mg. in the Treatment of Subjects With Symptomatic Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Completed NCT00783146 Phase 4 desloratadine;fexofenadine;placebo
42 Preference Evaluation of Clarinex Tablets vs. Allegra Tablets in Subjects With Symptomatic Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00783133 Phase 4 Desloratadine 5 mg;fexofenadine
43 A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Parallel-Group Multicenter Study of Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray on Sleep Disturbances and Daytime Somnolence in Subjects With Symptomatic Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00358527 Phase 4 Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray (MFNS)
44 A Double-Blind, Parallel, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Trial to Evaluate Onset of Action of Loratadine and Fexofenadine in Subjects With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis in a Pollen Challenge Chamber Completed NCT01469234 Phase 4 loratadine;fexofenadine;placebo to loratadine;placebo to fexofenadine
45 A Randomised Double-blind Clinical Trial for Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Perennial in Comparison to Preseasonal Grass/Rye Pollen Immunotherapy in Patients Suffering From Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT01555736 Phase 4 grass (80%) and rye (20%) pollens allergoids
46 Single Center, Randomized,Double-Blind,Crossover Study Comparing the Effects of Single-Dose Fexofenadine HCl 180 mg, Cetirizine 10 mg, and Placebo on Cognitive Performance in Naval Flight Personnel Completed NCT00637455 Phase 4 fexofenadine HCl
47 A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Parallel-Group Study Using Subjective and Objective Measures to Evaluate the Clinical Efficacy of Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray (MFNS) Following Initial and Maintenance Dosing in Subjects With Allergen-Induced Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) in an Environmental Exposure Chamber (EEC) Completed NCT00491504 Phase 4 Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray
48 Randomized, Double Blind, Parallel Group, Placebo Controlled, Multi-Center Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Zyrtec® (Cetirizine HCl) Syrup vs. Claritin® (Loratadine) Syrup vs. Placebo in Treatment of Children With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Completed NCT02932774 Phase 4 Cetirizine;Loratadine
49 Evaluation of Nasal Congestion Clinical Efficacy for Diphenhydramine 25 mg and Diphenhydramine 50 mg in Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo and Pseudoephedrine Controlled Study Completed NCT00648973 Phase 4 Diphenhydramine 50 mg;Diphenhydramine 25 mg;Pseudoephedrine 120 mg
50 A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Active Comparator, One-Week, Cross-Over, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Patient Preference of Nasal Spray Characteristics of Once-Daily, Intranasal Administration of 110mcg Fluticasone Furoate Nasal Spray and 200mcg Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray in Adult Subjects With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Completed NCT00519636 Phase 4 FPNS;FFNS;placebo FFNS;placebo FPNS

Search NIH Clinical Center for Allergic Rhinitis

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 71 / NDF-RT 50 :


acrivastine
Astemizole
azatadine
Azatadine maleate
azelastine
Azelastine hydrochloride
Beclomethasone
Beclomethasone Dipropionate
bromodiphenhydramine
Bromodiphenhydramine hydrochloride
Brompheniramine
Brompheniramine Maleate
Budesonide
carbinoxamine
Carbinoxamine maleate
Cetirizine
cetirizine hydrochloride
chlorcyclizine
Chlorcyclizine hydrochloride
CHLOROTHEN MALEATE
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpheniramine Maleate
CHLORPHENIRAMINE POLISTIREX
Chlorpheniramine Tannate
Clemastine
Clemastine Fumarate
Cromolyn
Cromolyn Sodium
Cyproheptadine
Cyproheptadine hydrochloride
CYPROHEPTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE
desloratadine
Dexamethasone
dexamethasone acetate
DEXAMETHASONE ACETATE PWDR
Dexamethasone phosphate
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate
DEXAMETHASONE SODIUM PHOSPHATE PWDR
dexbrompheniramine
Dexbrompheniramine maleate
dexchlorpheniramine
Dexchlorpheniramine maleate
Diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine Citrate
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride
Doxylamine
doxylamine succinate
fexofenadine
Fexofenadine hydrochloride
flunisolide
fluticasone
fluticasone furoate
Fluticasone propionate
Guaifenesin
Ipratropium
Ipratropium Bromide
levocetirizine
levocetirizine dihydrochloride
Loratadine
Methapyrilene
METHAPYRILENE HYDROCHLORIDE
methdilazine
Methdilazine hydrochloride
Mometasone
mometasone furoate
Mometasone furoate monohydrate
montelukast
montelukast sodium
phenindamine
Phenindamine tartrate
Pheniramine
Pheniramine Maleate
Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
phenyltoloxamine
Phenyltoloxamine citrate
PHENYLTOLOXAMINE RESIN COMPLEX
Promethazine
PROMETHAZINE HYDROBROMIDE
Promethazine Hydrochloride
Pseudoephedrine
Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Pseudoephedrine sulfate
Pyrilamine
Pyrilamine Maleate
PYRILAMINE TANNATE
Triamcinolone
Triamcinolone Acetonide
TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE PWDR
triamcinolone diacetate
triamcinolone hexacetonide
Trimeprazine
trimeprazine tartrate
Tripelennamine
Tripelennamine citrate
Tripelennamine Hydrochloride

Cochrane evidence based reviews: rhinitis, allergic, seasonal

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Genetic Tests for Allergic Rhinitis

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Genetic tests related to Allergic Rhinitis:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Allergic Rhinitis 29 IL13
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Anatomical Context for Allergic Rhinitis

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Allergic Rhinitis:

40
Testes, Skin, T Cells, Eye, Lung, Pituitary, Neutrophil
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Publications for Allergic Rhinitis

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Articles related to Allergic Rhinitis:

(show top 50) (show all 19670)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
A common IL-13 Arg130Gln single nucleotide polymorphism among Chinese atopy patients with allergic rhinitis. 56 6 61
12928861 2003
2
Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms in FOXJ1 and their association with allergic rhinitis. 56 61
16518568 2006
3
Allergic rhinitis--a total genome-scan for susceptibility genes suggests a locus on chromosome 4q24-q27. 61 56
11840197 2001
4
Pollen likely seasonal factor in inhibiting flu-like epidemics. A Dutch study into the inverse relation between pollen counts, hay fever and flu-like incidence 2016-2019. 42 61
32498207 2020
5
Accelerated Dose Escalation with Three Injections of an Aluminum Hydroxide-Adsorbed Allergoid Preparation of Six Grasses Is Safe for Patients with Moderate to Severe Allergic Rhinitis. 42 61
31865326 2020
6
Highly significant linkage to chromosome 3q13.31 for rhinitis and related allergic diseases. 56
16525028 2006
7
IL-13 R130Q, a common variant associated with allergy and asthma, enhances effector mechanisms essential for human allergic inflammation. 6
15711639 2005
8
Interleukin-13 gene polymorphisms confer the susceptibility of Japanese populations to Graves' disease. 6
15483090 2005
9
Functional effect of the R110Q IL13 genetic variant alone and in combination with IL4RA genetic variants. 6
15356556 2004
10
Genetic variants of IL-13 signalling and human asthma and atopy. 6
10699178 2000
11
Possible sources of Bermuda grass sensitization in Timothy grass allergic subjects. 42
31945476 2020
12
Opposing roles of IL-17A and IL-25 in the regulation of TSLP production in human nasal epithelial cells. 54 61
19968632 2010
13
Identification of polymorphisms in the RNase3 gene and the association with allergic rhinitis. 61 54
19760211 2010
14
[The expression of interleukin-17 in blood and nasal tissue of patients with allergic rhinltis and nasal polyps]. 54 61
20506642 2010
15
Identification of polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor gene and the association with allergic rhinitis. 54 61
19763595 2010
16
Local allergic rhinitis: a new entity, characterization and further studies. 54 61
20010094 2010
17
Sensory neuropeptides are potent chemoattractants for human basophils in vitro. 61 54
20035805 2010
18
The role of neurotrophins in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis. 54 61
19935061 2010
19
Peripheral Th-17 cells in allergic rhinitis: New evidence. 54 61
19925886 2010
20
CLC- a novel susceptibility gene for allergic rhinitis? 54 61
19650845 2010
21
Effects of a dual CCR3 and H1-antagonist on symptoms and eosinophilic inflammation in allergic rhinitis. 54 61
20144207 2010
22
High-level expression of early growth response-1 and association of polymorphism with total IgE and atopy in allergic rhinitis adults. 54 61
19833116 2010
23
Association of the CD14 gene polymorphism C-159T with allergic rhinitis. 61 54
20109306 2010
24
Relationship between squamous cell carcinoma antigen and the clinical severity of allergic rhinitis caused by Dermatophagoides farinae and Japanese cedar pollen. 54 61
20128182 2010
25
[The expression and significance of interleukin-17 and the infiltrating eosinophils in nasal polyps and nasal mucous of allergic rhinitis]. 61 54
20306850 2010
26
Association between TIM-1 gene polymorphisms and allergic rhinitis in a Han Chinese population. 54 61
20232767 2010
27
[Expression of CD23 and CD19 on peripheral blood lymphocytes and its association with serum total IgE in patients with allergic rhinitis]. 61 54
20359104 2009
28
[Serum ECP levels in patients with allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis.]. 61 54
20193614 2009
29
Interleukin 17 and RANTES levels in induced sputum of patients with allergic rhinitis after a single nasal allergen challenge. 54 61
19927541 2009
30
Nasal inflammatory mediators and specific IgE production after nasal challenge with grass pollen in local allergic rhinitis. 54 61
19796796 2009
31
Is serum total IgE levels a good predictor of allergies in children? 54 61
19813686 2009
32
Sublingual immunotherapy affects specific antibody and TGF-beta serum levels in patients with allergic rhinitis. 54 61
20074473 2009
33
[The expression of mucins gene in the human nasal polyps and allergic rhinitis]. 54 61
20128280 2009
34
TGF-beta and IL-17 serum levels and specific immunotherapy. 61 54
19622397 2009
35
Serum interleukin-17 levels are related to clinical severity in allergic rhinitis. 61 54
19226302 2009
36
Contribution of functional variation in the IL13 gene to allergy, hay fever and asthma in the NSHD longitudinal 1946 birth cohort. 61 54
19254294 2009
37
Emedastine difumarate: a review of its potential ameliorating effect for tissue remodeling in allergic diseases. 54 61
19558341 2009
38
Immunoglobulin production pattern is allergen-specific in polysensitized patients. 54 61
19822071 2009
39
[Expression and significance of VCAM-1 in subjects with allergic inflammation of respiratory tract]. 61 54
19771922 2009
40
Syk: a novel target for treatment of inflammation in lung disease. 54 61
19530990 2009
41
Glucocorticoid receptor immunoreactivity of eosinophils in nasal polyps. 54 61
19848249 2009
42
Localized immunoglobulin E expression in allergic rhinitis and nasal polyposis. 61 54
19417663 2009
43
Nasal endothelial interleukin-10 expression is negatively correlated with nasal symptoms after allergen provocation. 54 61
19383027 2009
44
Serum eosinophil granule proteins predict asthma risk in allergic rhinitis. 54 61
19133919 2009
45
TRPV1-mediated itch in seasonal allergic rhinitis. 61 54
19220220 2009
46
[The investigation for the neuropeptides of nasal septum in perennial allergic rhinitis patient]. 61 54
19685709 2009
47
Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in GATA-3 with allergic rhinitis. 54 61
18607915 2009
48
Three-year follow-up study of allergen-induced in vitro cytokine and signalling lymphocytic activation molecule mRNA responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of allergic rhinitis patients undergoing specific immunotherapy. 61 54
19571569 2009
49
Immunohistochemical localization of the bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors in human nasal mucosa. 54 61
19404481 2009
50
RT-PCR cytokine study in patients with allergic rhinitis. 54 61
19488556 2009
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Variations for Allergic Rhinitis

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Allergic Rhinitis:

6 ‎‎
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID GRCh37 Pos GRCh38 Pos
1 IL13 NM_002188.3(IL13):c.431A>G (p.Gln144Arg)SNV risk factor 14673 rs20541 5:131995964-131995964 5:132660272-132660272
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Expression for Allergic Rhinitis

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LifeMap Discovery
Genes differentially expressed in tissues of Allergic Rhinitis patients vs. healthy controls: 35
# Gene Description Tissue Up/Dn Fold Change (log2) P value
1 CST1 cystatin SN Respiratory System + 6.00 0.000
Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Allergic Rhinitis.
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Pathways for Allergic Rhinitis

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Pathways related to Allergic Rhinitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 43)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Innate Immune System 65
Show member pathways
 14.02 RNASE3 MPO IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13
2
PEDF Induced Signaling 63
Show member pathways
 13.69 NGF IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
3
TGF-Beta Pathway 63
Show member pathways
 13.56 NGF IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
4
Akt Signaling 63
Show member pathways
 13.41 NGF IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
5
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system 65
Show member pathways
 13.33 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 IGHE
6
PAK Pathway 63
Show member pathways
 13.31 NGF IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10
7
Pathways in cancer 36
12.87 KNG1 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IFNG
8
Immune response NFAT in immune response 22
Show member pathways
 12.63 IL4R IL4 IL10 IGHE IFNG
9
Th17 cell differentiation 36
Show member pathways
 12.63 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
10
Allograft rejection 1 36
Show member pathways
 12.6 RNASE3 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
11
Immune response Fc epsilon RI pathway 22
Show member pathways
 12.59 IL5 IL4 IL13 IGHE ALOX5
12
NF-kappaB Signaling 4
12.57 MPO IL4 IL10 IFNG ALOX5
13
JAK-STAT signaling pathway 36
Show member pathways
 12.49 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
14
Development IGF-1 receptor signaling 22
Show member pathways
 12.42 IL4R IL4 IGHE HRH1 CCL11
15
Folate Metabolism 1
Show member pathways
 12.36 MPO IL4 IFNG ICAM1 ALOX5
16
IL-17 Family Signaling Pathways 64
Show member pathways
 12.36 IL5 IL4 IL13 IFNG CXCL8 CCL11
17
Immune response IFN alpha/beta signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 12.28 NGF IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
18
Toxoplasmosis 36
Show member pathways
 12.26 IL4 IL10 IFNG ALOX5
19
Bacterial infections in CF airways 22
Show member pathways
 12.19 IL4 IFNG CXCL8 CCL11
20
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways 1
12.18 NGF IL13 IL10 CXCL8
21
Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-specific Markers 64
12.04 MPO IL5 IL4 IL10 IFNG
22
Spinal Cord Injury 1
12.03 IL4 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
23
Rheumatoid arthritis 36
11.83 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
24
Th17 Differentiation 64
Show member pathways
 11.82 IL4R IL4 IFNG
25
Calcineurin-regulated NFAT-dependent transcription in lymphocytes 1
Show member pathways
 11.81 IL5 IL4 IFNG CXCL8
26
Innate Lymphoid Cells Differentiation 64
11.81 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
27
Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network 1
11.79 IL5 IL4 IL13 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
28
Lung fibrosis 1
11.69 IL5 IL4 IL13 CXCL8 CCL11
29
Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling 1
Show member pathways
 11.66 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
30
Malaria 36
11.59 IL10 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
31
Interleukin-10 signaling 65
11.54 IL4 IL13 IL10 ICAM1 CXCL8
32
amb2 Integrin signaling 1
11.53 MPO KNG1 ICAM1
33
IL4-mediated signaling events 1
11.53 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL10 IGHE CCL11
34
Immune response_Role of integrins in NK cells cytotoxicity 22
11.49 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL8
35
African trypanosomiasis 36
11.44 KNG1 IL10 IFNG ICAM1
36
Inflammatory Response Pathway 1
11.38 IL5 IL4R IL4 IFNG
37
Development and heterogeneity of the ILC family 1
11.34 IL5 IL4 IL13 IFNG
38
Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling 65
11.33 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 IGHE ICAM1
39
Cytokines and Inflammatory Response 1
11.23 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
40
Th2 Differentiation 64
11.16 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
41
OX40 Pathway 63
11.13 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG
42
G-protein signaling_Rap2B regulation pathway 22
11.05 NGF IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 CXCL8
43
IL-9 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types 64
10.81 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13
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GO Terms for Allergic Rhinitis

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Cellular components related to Allergic Rhinitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular region GO:0005576 9.86 VIP RNASE3 NGF MPO KNG1 IL5
2 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.5 RNASE3 NGF MPO KNG1 IL5 IL4R

Biological processes related to Allergic Rhinitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 29)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 negative regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043066 10.04 VIP NGF MPO IL4 IL10
2 response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0032496 9.86 MPO IL13 IL10 ICAM1
3 defense response to bacterium GO:0042742 9.83 RNASE3 MPO IL10 IGHE EPX
4 positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis GO:0120162 9.82 IL4R IL4 IL13
5 cellular response to interleukin-1 GO:0071347 9.8 ICAM1 CXCL8 CCL11
6 negative regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050728 9.8 IL4 IL13 IL10 ALOX5
7 positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0042531 9.77 IL4 IL13 IFNG
8 positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation GO:0001938 9.77 VIP IL10 CCL11
9 humoral immune response GO:0006959 9.75 IFNG FOXJ1 ALOX5
10 inflammatory response GO:0006954 9.7 KNG1 IL5 IL13 HRH1 CXCL8 CCL11
11 positive regulation of B cell proliferation GO:0030890 9.69 IL5 IL4 IL13
12 positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process GO:0045080 9.63 IL4 IFNG
13 macrophage activation GO:0042116 9.63 IL4 IL13
14 microglial cell activation GO:0001774 9.63 IL4 IL13 IFNG
15 positive regulation of interleukin-10 secretion GO:2001181 9.62 IL4 IL13
16 negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process GO:0042536 9.61 IL4 IL10
17 response to molecule of bacterial origin GO:0002237 9.61 IL10 CXCL8
18 immune response GO:0006955 9.61 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 IGHE
19 positive regulation of immunoglobulin production GO:0002639 9.58 IL4R IL13
20 positive regulation of macrophage activation GO:0043032 9.58 IL4R IL13 IL10
21 type 2 immune response GO:0042092 9.57 IL4 IL10
22 negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process GO:2000352 9.56 IL4 IL13 IL10 ICAM1
23 positive regulation of cellular respiration GO:1901857 9.55 IL4 IFNG
24 neuroinflammatory response GO:0150076 9.54 IL4 IFNG
25 positive regulation of mast cell degranulation GO:0043306 9.54 IL4R IL4 IL13
26 regulation of isotype switching GO:0045191 9.52 IL4 IL10
27 positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process GO:0045348 9.5 IL4 IL10 IFNG
28 negative regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity GO:1903660 9.48 IL4 IL13
29 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0019221 9.32 IL5 IL4R IL4 IL13 IL10 IGHE

Molecular functions related to Allergic Rhinitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 growth factor activity GO:0008083 9.26 NGF IL5 IL4 IL10
2 cytokine activity GO:0005125 9.17 IL5 IL4 IL13 IL10 IFNG CXCL8
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Sources for Allergic Rhinitis

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
43 MeSH
44 MESH via Orphanet
45 MGI
48 NCI
49 NCIt
50 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM
57 OMIM via Orphanet
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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