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AA
MCID: ALP009
MIFTS: 60

Alopecia Areata (AA)

Categories: Immune diseases, Rare diseases, Skin diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Alopecia Areata

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Alopecia Areata:

Name: Alopecia Areata 12 74 52 25 54 6 43 15 17 71 32
Alopecia Circumscripta 52 25
Cazenave's Vitiligo 52 71
Jonston's Alopecia 52 71
Marginal Alopecia 52 71
Celsus' Vitiligo 52 71
Diffuse Alopecia 52 71
Patchy Alopecia 52 6
Alopecia Celsi 52 71
Pseudopelade 71 32
Aa 52 25
Circumscribed Alopecia 12
Alopecia Cicatrisata 52
Alopecia 71

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases
Anatomical: Skin diseases Immune diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:986
ICD9CM 34 704.01
MeSH 43 D000506
SNOMED-CT 67 68225006
ICD10 32 L63 L63.9 L66.0
UMLS 71 C0002170 C0002171 C0086873 more
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Summaries for Alopecia Areata

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Genetics Home Reference : 25 Alopecia areata is a common disorder that causes hair loss. "Alopecia" is a Latin term that means baldness, and "areata" refers to the patchy nature of the hair loss that is typically seen with this condition. In most people with alopecia areata, hair falls out in small, round patches, leaving coin-sized areas of bare skin. This patchy hair loss occurs most often on the scalp but can affect other parts of the body as well. Uncommonly, the hair loss involves the entire scalp (in which case the condition is known as alopecia totalis) or the whole body (alopecia universalis). Other rare forms of alopecia areata, which have different patterns of hair loss, have also been reported. Alopecia areata affects people of all ages, although it most commonly appears in adolescence or early adulthood. Hair loss occurs over a period of weeks. The hair usually grows back after several months, although it may fall out again. In some cases, unpredictable cycles of hair loss followed by regrowth can last for years. In addition to hair loss, some affected individuals have fingernail and toenail abnormalities, such as pits on the surface of the nails. The hair loss associated with alopecia areata is not painful or disabling. However, it causes changes in a person's appearance that can profoundly affect quality of life and self-esteem. In some people, the condition can lead to depression, anxiety, and other emotional or psychological issues.

MalaCards based summary : Alopecia Areata, also known as alopecia circumscripta, is related to alopecia universalis congenita and alopecia, and has symptoms including pruritus and exanthema. An important gene associated with Alopecia Areata is TRPS1 (Transcriptional Repressor GATA Binding 1), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Innate Immune System and Cytokine Signaling in Immune system. The drugs Acitretin and Hydroxychloroquine have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include skin, breast and t cells, and related phenotypes are cardiovascular system and digestive/alimentary

Disease Ontology : 12 An autoimmune hypersensitivity disease resulting in the loss of hair on the scalp and elsewhere on the body initially causing bald spots.

NIH Rare Diseases : 52 Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the hair follicles . In most cases, hair falls out in small, round patches on the scalp. Although uncommon, hair loss can be more extensive in some people and affect other parts of the body. This condition can progress to complete loss of scalp hair (alopecia totalis ) or total loss of all body hair (alopecia universalis ). Although the exact cause of AA is unknown, roughly 20% of affected people have a family member with alopecia , suggesting that genetic factors may contribute to the development of the condition. There is no cure or approved therapy for AA; however, some people find that medications approved for other purposes can help regrow hair.

Wikipedia : 74 Alopecia areata, also known as spot baldness, is a condition in which hair is lost from some or all... more...

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Related Diseases for Alopecia Areata

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Diseases in the Alopecia Areata family:

Alopecia Areata 1 Alopecia Areata 2

Diseases related to Alopecia Areata via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 1002)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 alopecia universalis congenita 34.7 ULBP3 KLRK1 AIRE
2 alopecia 33.4 TNF IL2 IFNG CTLA4 AIRE
3 dermatitis, atopic 32.9 TNF IL2RA IL2 IL1A IFNG ICOSLG
4 alpha/beta t-cell lymphopenia with gamma/delta t-cell expansion, severe cytomegalovirus infection, and autoimmunity 32.4 PTPN22 IFNG CTLA4 AIRE
5 vitiligo-associated multiple autoimmune disease susceptibility 1 32.2 PTPN22 IL2 ICOSLG CTLA4 AIRE
6 thyroiditis 32.0 TNF PTPN22 IL2 CTLA4
7 dermatitis 31.8 TNF IL2 IL1A IFNG GZMB CTLA4
8 contact dermatitis 31.8 TNF IL2 IL1A IFNG ICAM1 CXCL10
9 brucellosis 31.7 TNF IL2 IL1RN IFNG
10 hypothyroidism 31.7 TNF PTPN22 IL2 CXCL10 CTLA4 AIRE
11 allergic contact dermatitis 31.7 TNF IFNG ICAM1
12 folliculitis 31.6 TNF IL2RA IFNG
13 lichen planus 31.6 TNF IL2 IFNG ICAM1 GZMB
14 familial mediterranean fever 31.6 TNF IL1RN IL1R1 IL1A
15 candidiasis 31.6 TNF IL2 IFNG AIRE
16 skin disease 31.5 TNF IL2 IL1A IFNG ICOSLG ICAM1
17 rhinitis 31.4 TNF IFNG ICOSLG ICAM1
18 autoimmune disease 31.4 TNF PTPN22 KLRK1 IL2RA IL2 IL1RN
19 hair disease 31.4 TNF IL2 ICOSLG CTLA4 AIRE
20 thymoma 31.4 TNF PTPN22 IL2 CTLA4 AIRE
21 myasthenia gravis 31.4 TNF PTPN22 IL2 IFNG CTLA4 AIRE
22 hashimoto thyroiditis 31.3 TNF PTPN22 IL2RA IL2 IFNG ICAM1
23 psoriasis 31.3 TNF PTPN22 IL2RA IL2 IL1R1 IL1A
24 psoriatic arthritis 31.3 TNF PTPN22 IL2 IL1RN IL1A IFNG
25 irritant dermatitis 31.3 TNF IL1A CXCL10
26 chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis 31.3 TNF PTPN22 IL2RA IFNG AIRE
27 severe combined immunodeficiency 31.3 IL2RA IL2 IL1RN IL1R1 IFNG ICOSLG
28 spondylitis 31.2 TNF IL1RN IFNG
29 cutaneous lupus erythematosus 31.2 TNF IFNG ICAM1 CTLA4
30 crohn's disease 31.2 TNF PTPN22 IL2 IFNG ICOSLG
31 exanthem 31.2 TNF IL2 IL1RN IFNG ICOSLG CTLA4
32 tonsillitis 31.2 TNF IL2 IL1A IFNG
33 conjunctivitis 31.2 TNF IL2 IFNG ICAM1
34 somatoform disorder 31.1 TNF IL1RN IL1A
35 ulcerative colitis 31.1 TNF IL2 IL1RN IL1R1 IFNG ICAM1
36 colitis 31.1 TNF IL2 IFNG ICOSLG CTLA4
37 temporal arteritis 31.1 TNF PTPN22 IL1RN IFNG CTLA4
38 chronic graft versus host disease 31.0 IL2RA IL1A IFNG
39 adult t-cell leukemia 31.0 IL2RA IL2 ICAM1 CTLA4
40 spondyloarthropathy 1 31.0 TNF IL1RN IL1R1 ICOSLG
41 tetanus 30.9 TNF IL2RA IL2 IL1A IFNG
42 food allergy 30.9 TNF IFNG CTLA4
43 hypoadrenocorticism, familial 30.9 PTPN22 CTLA4 AIRE
44 tuberculoid leprosy 30.9 IL2RA IL2 IFNG
45 lymphopenia 30.9 PTPN22 IL2RA IL2 IFNG ICOSLG CTLA4
46 herpes zoster 30.9 TNF IL2 IFNG ICOSLG
47 erythema multiforme 30.9 TNF IL2 IFNG ICAM1 GZMB
48 mycosis fungoides 30.9 IL2RA IL2 IFNG GZMB CXCL10 CTLA4
49 histiocytosis 30.9 TNF IL1RN IFNG
50 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 30.9 TNF IL2RA IL2 IFNG ICAM1

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Alopecia Areata:



Diseases related to Alopecia Areata
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Alopecia Areata

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UMLS symptoms related to Alopecia Areata:


pruritus, exanthema

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Alopecia Areata:

45
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 10.17 CTLA4 CXCL10 ICAM1 IFNG IL1A IL1R1
2 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 10.1 AIRE CTLA4 ICAM1 IFNG IL1R1 IL2
3 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 10.1 AIRE CTLA4 CXCL10 ICAM1 IFNG IL1A
4 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.07 AIRE CTLA4 CXCL10 ICAM1 IFNG IL1A
5 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 10.02 AIRE CTLA4 ICAM1 IFNG IL1R1 IL2
6 immune system MP:0005387 9.97 AIRE CTLA4 CXCL10 ICAM1 IFNG IL1A
7 neoplasm MP:0002006 9.5 AIRE ICAM1 IFNG IL1A IL1R1 IL2
8 respiratory system MP:0005388 9.28 AIRE CTLA4 IFNG IL1R1 IL2 IL2RA
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Alopecia Areata

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Drugs for Alopecia Areata (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 404)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Acitretin Approved Phase 4 55079-83-9, 69427-46-9 6437841
2
Hydroxychloroquine Approved Phase 4 118-42-3 3652
3
Imiquimod Approved, Investigational Phase 4 99011-02-6 57469
4
Latanoprost Approved, Investigational Phase 4 130209-82-4 5311221 5282380
5
Prednisolone phosphate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 302-25-0
6
Methylprednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 83-43-2 6741
7
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Approved Phase 4 2921-57-5
8 Orange Approved Phase 4
9
Prednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-24-8 5755
10 Prednisolone acetate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 52-21-1
11
Estradiol Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-28-2 5757
12
Polyestradiol phosphate Approved Phase 4 28014-46-2
13
Drospirenone Approved Phase 4 67392-87-4 68873
14
Ethinyl Estradiol Approved Phase 4 57-63-6 5991
15
Phylloquinone Approved, Investigational Phase 4 84-80-0
16 fluindione Approved, Investigational Phase 4 957-56-2
17
Warfarin Approved Phase 4 81-81-2 6691 54678486
18
Dalteparin Approved Phase 4 9005-49-6
19
Phenindione Approved, Investigational Phase 4 83-12-5 4760
20
Rivaroxaban Approved Phase 4 366789-02-8
21
Clobetasol Approved, Experimental, Investigational Phase 4 25122-41-2, 25122-46-7 32798 5311051
22
Betamethasone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 378-44-9 9782
23
Apremilast Approved, Investigational Phase 4 608141-41-9 11561674
24
Doxycycline Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 564-25-0 54671203
25
Fluocinonide Approved, Investigational Phase 4 356-12-7 9642
26
Lidocaine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 137-58-6 3676
27
Acetylcysteine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 616-91-1 12035
28
Cisplatin Approved Phase 4 15663-27-1 2767 441203 84093
29
Gemcitabine Approved Phase 4 95058-81-4 60750
30
Dexamethasone acetate Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 1177-87-3
31
Dexamethasone Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-02-2 5743
32
Histamine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 51-45-6 774
33
Cetirizine Approved Phase 4 83881-51-0 2678
34
Sotalol Approved Phase 4 3930-20-9, 959-24-0 5253
35
Triamcinolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 124-94-7 31307
36
Menadione Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4 58-27-5 4055
37
Cysteine Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4 52-90-4 5862
38
Prednisolone hemisuccinate Experimental Phase 4 2920-86-7
39 Menaquinone Investigational Phase 4 1182-68-9
40 Emollients Phase 4
41 Keratolytic Agents Phase 4
42 Vitamins Phase 4
43 Insulin, Globin Zinc Phase 4
44 insulin Phase 4
45 Antiprotozoal Agents Phase 4
46 Antimalarials Phase 4
47 Methylprednisolone Acetate Phase 4
48 Neuroprotective Agents Phase 4
49
protease inhibitors Phase 4
50 HIV Protease Inhibitors Phase 4

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 473)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Cryotherapy Versus Intralesional Corticosteroid Injection In Treatment Of Alopecia Areata: Trichoscopic Evaluation Unknown status NCT03473600 Phase 4 Triamcinolone acetonide injection
2 Safety and Efficacy of Clobetasol Propionate 0.05% E Foam in the Treatment of Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia Unknown status NCT01111981 Phase 4 Clobetasol Propionate 0.05% Emollient Foam
3 Evaluating the Efficacy of Different Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Treatment Regimens in the Management of Androgenetic Alopecia: an Investigator-initiated, Single-center, Single-blinded, Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial Unknown status NCT02999737 Phase 4
4 An Open Label Trial to Show That Subjects With Severe Plaque-Type Psoriasis Receiving Acitretin 25 mg/Day And Stabilized On A Photochemotherapy Regimen Who Are Experiencing Retinoid-Related Adverse Events, Benefit From A Reduction In Acitretin Dose to 17.5 mg/Day, While Maintaining Comparable Efficacy Along With Improved Tolerability Unknown status NCT01228409 Phase 4 Acitretin 17.5 mg/day
5 Open Label Study of Hydroxychloroquine for Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis Completed NCT00176982 Phase 4 Hydroxychloroquine
6 Aldara for the Treatment of Extensive Alopecia Areata Completed NCT00177021 Phase 4 Aldara Cream 5%
7 Combined Topical 5% Minoxidil and Potent Topical Corticosteroid Versus Intralesional Corticosteroid in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata A Randomized Controlled Trial Completed NCT03535233 Phase 4 Triamcinolone Acetonide;Minoxidil 5 % Topical Spray;clobetasol propionate
8 A Randomized Comparative Study of Efficacy and Safety of Topical Latanoprost Versus Topical Corticosteroid in the Treatment of Localized Alopecia Areata Completed NCT02350023 Phase 4 Topical latanoprost 0.005%;Topical betamethasone 0.05%
9 Phenotype and Cytokine Production Characteristics of T Cells From Alopecia Areata Scalp Skin Before and After Aldara 5% Cream Using Flow Cytometry Completed NCT00176943 Phase 4 Aldara Cream 5%
10 Perifollicular Nerves in Alopecia Areata: Response to Topical Capsaicin Completed NCT00176969 Phase 4 Capsaicin
11 Safety and Efficacy of Oral Mega Pulse Methylprednisolone in Severe Therapy Resistant Alopecia Areata Completed NCT01167946 Phase 4 methylprednisolone sodium succinate;methylprednisolone sodium succinate;methylprednisolone sodium succinate
12 Safety and Efficacy of Bimatoprost Solution in Treating Eyelash Loss or Hypotrichosis in Children Completed NCT01023841 Phase 4 bimatoprost ophthalmic solution 0.03%;Vehicle Sterile Solution
13 Minoxidil in Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia Completed NCT04090801 Phase 4 Topical minoxidil 5% in 90% ethanol and 5% propylene glycol;Topical minoxidil 5% in pure ethanol alone
14 Association Between Response to Aggressive Chemotherapy and Doxorubicin Pharmacokinetics in Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma Patients Completed NCT00969462 Phase 4 Doxorubicin
15 Clinical, Metabolic and Endocrine Effects of the Treatment With Drospirenone and Ethinyl Estradiol Alone or in Combination With Myo-inositol in Young Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Insulin Resistance Completed NCT01511822 Phase 4 Drospirenone Ethinyl estradiol;Drospirenone Ethinyl estradiol Myo-inositol;placebo
16 Efficacy and Safety of Furocyst in Patients With Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome Completed NCT02789488 Phase 4
17 The VICTORIA Study (Vascular CalcIfiCation and sTiffness Induced by ORal antIcoAgulation) Comparison Anti-vitamin K Versus Anti-Xa. Completed NCT02161965 Phase 4 Rivaroxaban;Fluindione;Warfarin
18 Modified SALT Score for Assessment of Alopecia Areata Recruiting NCT04412148 Phase 4 Triamcinolone Acetonide
19 Efficacy of Fractional CO2 Laser Alone and as Transepidermal Drug Delivery for Different Modalities of Treatment in Alopecia Areata Recruiting NCT04003376 Phase 4 Triamcinolone Acetonide 10mg/mL;vitamin D solution
20 Treatment Results for Patients With Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia (CCCA): a Multicenter Prospective Study Recruiting NCT04207931 Phase 4 Topical steroid class I-II;Triamcinolone Acetonide;Doxycyline;Minoxidil
21 Open Label Trial Evaluating the Efficacy of Apremilast for the Treatment of Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia Recruiting NCT03422640 Phase 4 Apremilast
22 An Open-label Pilot Study to Investigate the Efficacy of Apremilast in the Treatment of Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia (CCCA) Recruiting NCT03521687 Phase 4 Apremilast
23 The Use of Local Anesthetic in Intralesional Corticosteroid Injections; A Randomized, Double Blind Controlled Trial Recruiting NCT03630198 Phase 4 Corticosteroid with lidocaine;Corticosteroid with normal saline
24 the Effect of Adipose Derived Stem Cells Combined With Platelet Rich Plasma Versus Platelet Rich Plasma Alone on Follicular Unit Extraction Hair Transplantion in Male Androgenic Alopecia: Clinical Trial Recruiting NCT03388840 Phase 4
25 Efficacy and Tolerability of N-Acetyl- Cysteine for Treatment of The Early-onset Androgenetic Alopecia in Men Recruiting NCT04209803 Phase 4 Minoxidil 5% topically and oral NAC 600 mg
26 Study of the Relationship Between the Pharmacokinetics of Vismodegib and Safety Data: a Pilot Study to Therapeutic Optimization in Patients With Basal Cell Carcinoma - OPTIVISMO-1 Recruiting NCT03610022 Phase 4 Treatment with vismodegib
27 Combination Chemotherapy Including Cisplatin, Ifosfamide, Gemcitabine, L-asparaginase, Etoposide and Dexamethasone (PIGLETS Regimen) as Treatment of Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed/Refractory Peripheral T Cell Lymphomas (PTCLs) Recruiting NCT03071822 Phase 4 cisplatin;ifosfamide;gemcitabine;L-asparaginase;etoposide;dexamethasone
28 Does Carboxytherapy Play a Role in Alopecia Areata Either Solely or in Combination? Comparative Study for Treatment of Alopecia Areata Using Carboxytherapy and Intralesional Steroids Active, not recruiting NCT04228029 Phase 4 Intralesional Steroid Injection
29 Effectiveness and Safety of Tofacitinib in Patients With Extensive and Recalcitrant Alopecia Areata Active, not recruiting NCT03800979 Phase 4 Tofacitinib
30 Multicenter, Interventional, Single-arm, Phase IV Study Evaluating Tolerability of Eribulin and Its Relationship With a Set of Polymorphisms in an Unselected Population of Female Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer Active, not recruiting NCT02864030 Phase 4 ERIBULIN MESYLATE
31 Topical Cetirizine Gel Versus Minoxidil 5% Gel in Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia Not yet recruiting NCT04293822 Phase 4 Cetirizine;Minoxidil
32 A Prospective, Multi-Center, Randomized, Open Label Trial to Determine if a Common Atrial Fibrillation Risk Locus Modulates Differential Response to Antiarrhythmic Drugs Not yet recruiting NCT02347111 Phase 4 Flecainide;Sotalol
33 A Phase 4 Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Trial of 3 Doses of Intralesional Triamcinolone (KENALOG®) In the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Patch Type Alopecia Areata Terminated NCT01898806 Phase 4 Intralesional Triamcinolone 2.5 mg/ml;Intralesional Triamcinolone 5 mg/ml;Intralesional Triamcinolone 10 mg/ml;Intralesional Saline
34 The Use of 5mg Finasteride Versus 200mg Spironolactone and Topical 5% Minoxidil in Treating Postmenopausal Female Androgenetic Alopecia Withdrawn NCT02483195 Phase 4 5% Minoxidil;200mg Spironolactone;5mg Finasteride
35 BLIND RANDOMIZED COMPARATIVE STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF MESOTHERAPY MINOXIDIL HAIR WITH 0.5% / 2ML VERSUS PLACEBO IN THE TREATMENT OF FEMALE ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA Unknown status NCT01655108 Phase 3 Minoxidil;Saline
36 CT-2103 vs Docetaxel for the Second-Line Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): A Phase III Study Unknown status NCT00054184 Phase 3 docetaxel;paclitaxel poliglumex
37 TREATMENT OF THE RECESSIVE NONBULLOUS CONGENITAL ICHTHYOSIS BY THE EPIGALLOCATECHINE CUTANEOUS Unknown status NCT01222000 Phase 3 apply VEREGEN ® 10 % on a randomized area and the moisturizing cream of the other side;apply VEREGEN ® 10 % on a randomized area and the moisturizing cream of the other side
38 PHASE I-II TRIAL OF METRONOMIC TEMOZOLAMIDE WITH INTERMITTENT INTENSIFICATION AND IRINOTECAN IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA Unknown status NCT01308632 Phase 2, Phase 3 Temozolamide, irinotecan
39 A Randomized Controlled Trial of Clobetasol Propionate 0.05% Cream Versus Hydrocortisone 1% Cream in Children With Alopecia Areata Completed NCT01453686 Phase 3 Hydrocortisone 1%;Clobetasol Propionate 0.05%
40 TREg Activation in the Treatment of the PELADE (Alopecia Areata). Double Blind Randomized Placebo Controlled Comparative Study Using Low Doses of IL2 Completed NCT02557074 Phase 3 IL2;placebo
41 A Multicentre, Randomized, Double-blind, Parallel-group, Controlled Study, to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of P-3074 Cutaneous Spray, Solution, in the Treatment of Male Pattern Baldness Completed NCT03004469 Phase 3 P-3074;Finasteride;P-3074 Vehicle;Finasteride Placebo
42 An Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Group Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Dutasteride 0.5mg Once Daily for 6 Months in the Treatment of Male Subjects With Androgenetic Alopecia (Norwood-Hamilton Classification Type IIIv, IV and V) Completed NCT00441116 Phase 3 Dutasteride 0.5mg oral tablets
43 The Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial of Intralesional Botulinum Toxin A Injection for Recalcitrant Alopecia Totalis and Alopecia Universalis Completed NCT00997815 Phase 2, Phase 3 Botulinum toxin A;Normal saline injection
44 A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Study To Examine the Effects of Finasteride 1 MG on Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen in Men With Androgenetic Alopecia Completed NCT00396175 Phase 3 MK0906, finasteride / Duration of Treatment : 48 Weeks;Comparator : placebo (unspecified) / Duration of Treatment : 48 Weeks
45 Efficacy of 3% Minoxidil Versus Combined 3% Minoxidil and 0.1% Finasteride for Male Pattern Hair Loss: a Randomized, Double-blinded, Comparative Study Completed NCT01391156 Phase 3 3%Minoxidil lotion;3% Minoxidil with 0.1% Finasteride lotion
46 A Two Stage Phase II Randomized Bilateral Comparison of Topical Targretin® Gel 1% in Alopecia Areata Completed NCT00063076 Phase 2, Phase 3 Targretin Gel 1%
47 Study ARI114264: A Long-Term Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Dutasteride in the Treatment of Male Subjects With Androgenetic Alopecia Completed NCT01831791 Phase 3 Dutasteride 0.5 mg
48 Investigator-initiated Single Blind, Two-armed, Randomized Phase 3 Clinical Trial to Compare Efficacy of 5% Minoxidil Topical Foam (5% Mtf) Once Daily Versus 2% Minoxidil Topical Solution (2% Mts) Twice Daily in Application on Females With Slightly to Moderate Androgenetic Alopecia Concerning Hair Volume Completed NCT00958750 Phase 3 minoxidil
49 Evaluating the Efficacy of Topical Herbal Solution on the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia and Comparison With Minoxidil 5%: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Clinical Trial Study Completed NCT03753113 Phase 3 Topical Herbal Solution;Topical Minoxidil 5%
50 A Prospective Study of Sexual Function in Men Taking Dutasteride for the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia Completed NCT02014584 Phase 3 Dutasteride;Placebo

Search NIH Clinical Center for Alopecia Areata

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 71 / NDF-RT 50 :


D-BIOTIN
Finasteride
Minoxidil

Cochrane evidence based reviews: alopecia areata

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Genetic Tests for Alopecia Areata

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Sources

Anatomical Context for Alopecia Areata

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Alopecia Areata:

40
Skin, Breast, T Cells, Ovary, Thyroid, Brain, Testes
Sources

Publications for Alopecia Areata

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Articles related to Alopecia Areata:

(show top 50) (show all 3844)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Immunopathogenesis of folliculitis decalvans: clues in early lesions. 61 54
18794044 2008
2
[Regulatory effect of procyanidins on the expressions of interferon-gamma, interleukin-12 and transcription factor T-bet mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell of patients with alopecia areata]. 61 54
19123327 2008
3
The autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE) is strongly associated with vitiligo. 54 61
18616774 2008
4
Genetic analysis of autoimmune regulator haplotypes in alopecia areata. 54 61
18194361 2008
5
In vivo levels of IL-4, IL-10, TGF-beta1 and IFN-gamma mRNA of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with alopecia areata in comparison to those in patients with atopic dermatitis. 61 54
17021766 2007
6
Investigation of the p.Ser278Arg polymorphism of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene in alopecia areata. 61 54
16774540 2006
7
[Alopecia areata universalis and disseminated mollusca contagiosa in atopic dermatitis. Hair re-growth during treatment with interferon gamma--therapeutic effect or coincidence?]. 54 61
15892847 2005
8
[Interferon-gamma and neopterin in alopecia areata]. 54 61
16052058 2005
9
Cetirizine and allopurinol as novel weapons against cellular autoimmune disorders. 61 54
15037212 2004
10
The beneficial and detrimental effects of linoleic acid on autoimmune disorders. 61 54
15115315 2004
11
Interferon-gamma in alopecia areata. 61 54
14965793 2004
12
Selective expression of chemokine monokine induced by interferon-gamma in alopecia areata. 54 61
14632215 2003
13
Therapy of alopecia areata: on the cusp and in the future. 61 54
14582675 2003
14
Strong expression of CD40, CD54 and HLA-DR antigen and lack of evidence for direct cellular cytotoxicity are unique immunohistopathological features in alopecia areata. 61 54
12624779 2003
15
Role of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene in alopecia areata: strong association of a potentially functional AIRE polymorphism with alopecia universalis. 61 54
12542742 2002
16
Epidemiology and genetics of alopecia areata. 54 61
12190641 2002
17
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist allele 2 and familial alopecia areata. 54 61
11841553 2002
18
Genetic analysis of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and its homologue IL-1L1 in alopecia areata: strong severity association and possible gene interaction. 61 54
11841485 2002
19
Association analysis of IL1A and IL1B variants in alopecia areata. 54 61
11703512 2001
20
Role of cytotoxic T cells in chronic alopecia areata. 61 54
10620125 2000
21
Alopecia areata is a T-lymphocyte mediated autoimmune disease: lesional human T-lymphocytes transfer alopecia areata to human skin grafts on SCID mice. 61 54
10674367 1999
22
Successful treatment of alopecia areata-like hair loss with the contact sensitizer squaric acid dibutylester (SADBE) in C3H/HeJ mice. 54 61
10417620 1999
23
Autoimmune hair loss (alopecia areata) transferred by T lymphocytes to human scalp explants on SCID mice. 54 61
9421466 1998
24
IFN-gamma-induced HLA-DR but not ICAM-1 expression on cultured dermal papilla cells is downregulated by TNF-alpha. 61 54
9266024 1997
25
Effects of interleukins, colony-stimulating factor and tumour necrosis factor on human hair follicle growth in vitro: a possible role for interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in alopecia areata. 61 54
8977716 1996
26
Cytokines and growth factors influence hair growth in vitro. Possible implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of alopecia areata. 54 61
8967784 1996
27
Growth factor mRNA levels in alopecia areata before and after treatment with the contact allergen diphenylcyclopropenone. 61 54
8721483 1996
28
An allele of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist as a genetic severity factor in alopecia areata. 61 54
7738374 1995
29
Severity of alopecia areata is associated with a polymorphism in the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene. 61 54
8077705 1994
30
HLA and ICAM-1 expression in alopecia areata in vivo and in vitro: the role of cytokines. 54 61
7506926 1993
31
Response of grafts from patients with alopecia areata transplanted onto nude mice, to administration of interferon-gamma. 54 61
8095867 1993
32
Aberrant intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression by hair-follicle epithelial cells and endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1) by vascular cells are important adhesion-molecule alterations in alopecia areata. 61 54
1708803 1991
33
Herbal preparations for the treatment of hair loss. 61
31680216 2020
34
A comprehensive review of biochemical factors in herbs and their constituent compounds in experimental studies on alopecia. 61
32360043 2020
35
The influence of interferon on healthy and diseased skin. 61
30527631 2020
36
Identification and verification of EOMEs regulated network in Alopecia areata. 61
32353685 2020
37
The Alopecia Areata Consensus of Experts (ACE) study: Results of an international expert opinion on treatments for alopecia areata. 61
32165196 2020
38
Psychosocial and psychiatric comorbidities and health-related quality of life in alopecia areata: a systematic review. 61
32561373 2020
39
A new self-reported measure of disease severity of scalp hair loss in alopecia areata. 61
32538464 2020
40
Topical immunotherapy with diphenylcyclopropenone in patients with alopecia areata: a large retrospective study of 757 patients. 61
32530566 2020
41
Comparative Study between Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser vs Intralesional Steroid injection in Treatment of Alopecia Areata. 61
32478930 2020
42
A novel 311-nm Titanium:Sapphire laser therapy for alopecia areata: a pilot study of 19 patients. 61
31912411 2020
43
Factors associated with insurance coverage of tofacitinib for alopecia areata: a retrospective review from an academic institution. 61
32553634 2020
44
A comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of three corticosteroid treatment regimens in patients with alopecia areata. 61
32441159 2020
45
Short-term stress-related increasing cases of alopecia areata during the COVID-19 pandemic. 61
32538230 2020
46
Cyclosporine With and Without Systemic Corticosteroids in Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review. 61
32270396 2020
47
Understanding the significance of cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata. 61
32533873 2020
48
Onset of Schamberg's disease and resolution of alopecia areata during treatment of atopic dermatitis with dupilumab. 61
32490817 2020
49
Reply to "Associations between alopecia areata and multiple sclerosis: a report of two cases and review of the literature": Possible role of plasmacytoid dendritic cell in both diseases. 61
32578202 2020
50
Efficacy and Safety of Topical Calcipotriol 0.005% Versus Topical Clobetasol 0.05% in the Management of Alopecia Areata: An Intrasubject Pilot Study. 61
32342443 2020
Sources

Variations for Alopecia Areata

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Alopecia Areata:

6 ‎‎ ‎‎ ‎‎
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID GRCh37 Pos GRCh38 Pos
1 TRPS1 NM_014112.5(TRPS1):c.2794G>A (p.Ala932Thr)SNV Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic 374202 rs1057518972 8:116430587-116430587 8:115418359-115418359
2 46;XY;t(1;9;5)(compleX)dnTranslocation Likely pathogenic 267825
3 EMILIN2 , LPIN2 , METTL4 , MYL12A , MYL12B , MYOM1 , NDC80 , SMCHD1 , TGIF1 GRCh37/hg19 18p11.32-11.31(chr18:1345040-3479168)copy number loss Uncertain significance 523239 18:1345040-3479168
Sources

Expression for Alopecia Areata

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Alopecia Areata.
Sources

Pathways for Alopecia Areata

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Pathways related to Alopecia Areata according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 48)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Innate Immune System 65
Show member pathways
 13.99 ULBP3 TNF PTPN22 KLRK1 IL2RA IL2
2
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system 65
Show member pathways
 13.35 TNF IL2RA IL2 IL1RN IL1R1 IL1A
3
PAK Pathway 63
Show member pathways
 13.29 TNF PTPN22 IL2RA IL2 IL1R1 IL1A
4
Measles 36
Show member pathways
 12.83 TNF IL2RA IL2 IL1A IFNG ICAM1
5
Allograft rejection 1 36
Show member pathways
 12.72 TNF IL2RA IL2 IL1A IFNG ICOSLG
6
Immune response NFAT in immune response 22
Show member pathways
 12.63 TNF IL2RA IL2 IFNG ICOSLG
7
Th17 cell differentiation 36
Show member pathways
 12.61 TNF IL2RA IL2 IL1R1 IL1A IFNG
8
T cell receptor signaling pathway 36
Show member pathways
 12.59 TNF IL2 IL1A IFNG CTLA4
9
Immune response Role of DAP12 receptors in NK cells 22
Show member pathways
 12.48 ULBP3 TNF KLRK1 IL2 IFNG ICAM1
10
Apoptosis Pathway 70
Show member pathways
 12.42 IL2RA IL2 IL1R1 IL1A
11
ICos-ICosL Pathway in T-Helper Cell 63
Show member pathways
 12.37 IL2RA IL2 ICOSLG CTLA4
12
Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection 36
12.34 TNF IL2RA IL2 IL1R1 ICAM1
13
Chemokine Superfamily: Human/Mouse Ligand-Receptor Interactions 64
Show member pathways
 12.32 TNF IL2RA IL2 CXCL10
14
Folate Metabolism 1
Show member pathways
 12.32 TNF IL2 IFNG ICAM1
15
Toll Comparative Pathway 63
Show member pathways
 12.3 TNF IL1R1 IL1A IFNG
16
Immune response IFN alpha/beta signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 12.26 TNF IL2RA IL2 IL1A IFNG
17
Bacterial infections in CF airways 22
Show member pathways
 12.19 TNF IL1R1 IFNG CXCL10
18
NF-kappaB Signaling 4
12.12 TNF PTPN22 IL2RA IL2 IL1RN IFNG
19
Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis 36
12.1 TNF IL1R1 IL1A IFNG ICAM1
20
Osteoclast differentiation 36
12.05 TNF IL1R1 IL1A IFNG
21
MAPK Pathway 70
Show member pathways
 12.03 IL2RA IL2 IL1R1 IL1A
22
Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-specific Markers 64
12 TNF KLRK1 IL2RA IL2 IFNG
23
IL12-mediated signaling events 1
Show member pathways
 11.98 IL2RA IL2 IL1R1 IFNG GZMB
24
Hematopoietic cell lineage 36
11.91 TNF IL2RA IL1R1 IL1A
25
Rheumatoid arthritis 36
11.88 TNF IL1A IFNG ICAM1 CTLA4
26
Spinal Cord Injury 1
11.88 TNF IL2 IL1R1 IL1A IFNG ICAM1
27
Th17 Differentiation 64
Show member pathways
 11.84 IL1R1 IFNG GZMB
28
Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network 1
11.79 IL2 IFNG ICAM1
29
Calcineurin-regulated NFAT-dependent transcription in lymphocytes 1
Show member pathways
 11.76 TNF IL2RA IL2 IFNG CTLA4
30
Dendritic Cells Developmental Lineage Pathway 64
11.74 TNF IL2 IFNG
31
Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling 1
Show member pathways
 11.63 TNF IL2 IL1A IFNG ICAM1
32
Downstream signaling in naive CD8+ T cells 1
Show member pathways
 11.59 TNF IL2RA IL2 IFNG GZMB
33
Transcription_NF-kB signaling pathway 22
11.58 TNF IL1R1 IL1A
34
Malaria 36
11.57 TNF KLRK1 IFNG ICAM1
35
Photodynamic therapy-induced AP-1 survival signaling. 1
11.56 TNF IL2 IFNG
36
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Pathway 1
11.52 TNF IL2 IFNG
37
Th2 Differentiation 64
11.5 IL2RA IL2 IFNG
38
Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis 22
11.49 TNF IL1A IFNG
39
Type II interferon signaling (IFNG) 1
11.39 IFNG ICAM1 CXCL10
40
African trypanosomiasis 36
11.39 TNF IFNG ICAM1
41
Inflammatory Response Pathway 1
11.32 IL2RA IL2 IFNG
42
IL-15 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types 64
Show member pathways
 11.32 TNF IL2RA IL2 IFNG GZMB
43
Interleukin-10 signaling 65
11.32 TNF IL1RN IL1R1 IL1A ICAM1 CXCL10
44
Cytokines and Inflammatory Response 1
11.26 TNF IL2 IL1A IFNG
45
IL12 signaling mediated by STAT4 1
11.25 IL2RA IL2 IFNG
46
IL1 and megakaryocytes in obesity 1
11.19 IL1R1 IFNG ICAM1
47
Hypertrophy Model 1
11.08 IL1R1 IL1A IFNG
48
Innate Lymphoid Cells Differentiation 64
11.07 TNF KLRK1 IL2RA IL2 IL1R1 IFNG
Sources

GO Terms for Alopecia Areata

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Cellular components related to Alopecia Areata according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.56 ULBP3 TNF IL2 IL1RN IL1A IFNG
2 external side of plasma membrane GO:0009897 9.28 ULBP3 TNF KLRK1 IL2RA IL1R1 ICOSLG

Biological processes related to Alopecia Areata according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 29)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 immune system process GO:0002376 10.07 ULBP3 PTPN22 KLRK1 IL2RA IL2 ICOSLG
2 adaptive immune response GO:0002250 10 KLRK1 IL2 IFNG ICOSLG CTLA4
3 regulation of immune response GO:0050776 9.92 ULBP3 KLRK1 ICOSLG ICAM1
4 inflammatory response GO:0006954 9.88 TNF IL2RA IL1RN IL1R1 IL1A CXCL10
5 positive regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050729 9.82 TNF IL2 IFNG
6 positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0042531 9.79 TNF IL2 IFNG
7 humoral immune response GO:0006959 9.77 TNF IFNG AIRE
8 cellular response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0071222 9.77 TNF KLRK1 IL1A ICAM1 CXCL10
9 T cell costimulation GO:0031295 9.76 KLRK1 ICOSLG CTLA4
10 positive regulation of interleukin-6 secretion GO:2000778 9.75 TNF IL1A IFNG
11 positive regulation of cytokine secretion GO:0050715 9.72 TNF IL1A IFNG
12 positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation GO:0042104 9.71 IL2RA IL2 ICOSLG
13 inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus GO:0002437 9.65 IL2RA IL1RN IL1A
14 positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process GO:0045080 9.64 TNF IFNG
15 interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway GO:0038110 9.63 IL2RA IL2
16 negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance GO:1900222 9.63 TNF IFNG
17 natural killer cell activation GO:0030101 9.63 ULBP3 KLRK1 IL2
18 positive regulation of interferon-gamma production GO:0032729 9.62 TNF KLRK1 IL2 IL1R1
19 positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process GO:0050725 9.61 TNF IFNG
20 natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity GO:0042267 9.61 ULBP3 KLRK1 GZMB
21 negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation GO:0050672 9.59 IL2RA IL2
22 positive regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity GO:0060559 9.57 TNF IFNG
23 regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation GO:0046013 9.56 IL2RA IL2
24 positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process GO:0045429 9.56 TNF KLRK1 IFNG ICAM1
25 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0019221 9.56 TNF IL2RA IL2 IL1RN IL1R1 IL1A
26 positive regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic process GO:0060557 9.51 TNF IFNG
27 positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process GO:0051173 9.49 TNF IFNG
28 regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation GO:0045589 9.46 IL2RA IL2 IFNG CTLA4
29 immune response GO:0006955 9.36 ULBP3 TNF IL2RA IL2 IL1RN IL1R1

Molecular functions related to Alopecia Areata according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 protein binding GO:0005515 9.91 ULBP3 TRPS1 TNF PTPN22 KLRK1 IL2RA
2 cytokine activity GO:0005125 9.1 TNF IL2 IL1RN IL1A IFNG CXCL10
Sources

Sources for Alopecia Areata

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
43 MeSH
44 MESH via Orphanet
45 MGI
48 NCI
49 NCIt
50 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM
57 OMIM via Orphanet
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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