Amyloidosis, Primary Localized Cutaneous, 1 (PLCA1)

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OMIM 57 105250 PS105250 KEGG 37 H01217 MeSH 44 D028226

MedGen 42 C0268397 C0268398 C4551501 UMLS 72 C0268397 C0268398

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot : ⁷⁴ Amyloidosis, primary localized cutaneous, 1: A primary amyloidosis characterized by localized cutaneous amyloid deposition. This condition usually presents with itching (especially on the lower legs) and visible changes of skin hyperpigmentation and thickening that may be exacerbated by chronic scratching and rubbing. Primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis is often divided into macular and lichen subtypes although many affected individuals often show both variants coexisting. Lichen amyloidosis characteristically presents as a pruritic eruption of grouped hyperkeratotic papules with a predilection for the shins, calves, ankles and dorsa of feet and thighs. Papules may coalesce to form hyperkeratotic plaques that can resemble lichen planus, lichen simplex or nodular prurigo. Macular amyloidosis is characterized by small pigmented macules that may merge to produce macular hyperpigmentation, sometimes with a reticulate or rippled pattern. In macular and lichen amyloidosis, amyloid is deposited in the papillary dermis in association with grouped colloid bodies, thought to represent degenerate basal keratinocytes. The amyloid deposits probably reflect a combination of degenerate keratin filaments, serum amyloid P component, and deposition of immunoglobulins.

MalaCards based summary : Amyloidosis, Primary Localized Cutaneous, 1, also known as primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis 1, is related to lichen amyloidosis and thyroid carcinoma, familial medullary. An important gene associated with Amyloidosis, Primary Localized Cutaneous, 1 is OSMR (Oncostatin M Receptor), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and JAK-STAT signaling pathway. The drugs Methylene blue and Pharmaceutical Solutions have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include skin, thyroid and liver, and related phenotypes are scaling skin and pruritus

OMIM : ⁵⁷ Primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis is characterized clinically by pruritus and skin scratching and histologically by the finding of deposits of amyloid staining on keratinous debris in the papillary dermis (summary by Tanaka et al., 2009). (105250)

KEGG : ³⁷ Primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis (PLCA) is a chronic itchy skin disorder associated with amyloid deposits in the superficial dermis. It is a purely cutaneous disease with no association with systemic forms of amyloidosis. Clinically, skin lesions comprise small, flat-top papules (lichen amyloidosis) or brown-gray macules (macular amyloidosis). PLCA is relatively common in South America and Asia, and some cases have an autosomal dominant family history (familial PLCA, FPLCA). The genetic basis of FPLCA involves mutations in the OSMR and IL31RA genes. Both belong to the family of interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokine receptors.

Clinical features from OMIM:

105250

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