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MCID: ANR018
MIFTS: 36

Anorchia

Categories: Endocrine diseases, Fetal diseases, Rare diseases, Reproductive diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Anorchia

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Anorchia:

Name: Anorchia 52
Testicular Agenesis 52 58
Bilateral Anorchia 52 58
Congenital Absence of Testes 52
Absence of Testes 52
Absent Testicle 71
Empty Scrotum 52

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Fetal diseases
Anatomical: Reproductive diseases Endocrine diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 33
Orphanet: 58  
Rare infertility disorders
Rare endocrine diseases
Developmental anomalies during embryogenesis


External Ids:

ICD10 via Orphanet 33 Q55.0
Orphanet 58 ORPHA325124
UMLS 71 C0405582
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Summaries for Anorchia

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MalaCards based summary : Anorchia, also known as testicular agenesis, is related to testicular torsion and gonadal dysgenesis. An important gene associated with Anorchia is SRY (Sex Determining Region Y), and among its related pathways/superpathways are G alpha (s) signalling events and Transcriptional regulation by the AP-2 (TFAP2) family of transcription factors. The drugs Oxandrolone and Hormones have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include testes, testis and uterus, and related phenotypes are increased circulating gonadotropin level and micropenis

Wikipedia : 74 Not to be confused with anarchy or... more...

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Related Diseases for Anorchia

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Diseases related to Anorchia via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 55)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 testicular torsion 29.7 RXFP2 INSL3 CGB5
2 gonadal dysgenesis 29.6 SRY NR5A1 CGB5
3 pseudohermaphroditism 29.5 SRY NR5A1 INSL3
4 cryptorchidism, unilateral or bilateral 28.7 RXFP2 NR5A1 INSL3 CGB5 CGA
5 46,xy sex reversal 11 11.6
6 hypogonadism 10.5
7 hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 10.3
8 neurofibromatosis, type ii 10.1
9 hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 7 with or without anosmia 10.1
10 septooptic dysplasia 10.1
11 testes, rudimentary 10.1
12 chronic pyelonephritis 10.1
13 pyelonephritis 10.1
14 orchitis 10.1
15 isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency 10.1
16 congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 10.1
17 hermaphroditism 10.1 SRY CGA
18 complete androgen insensitivity syndrome 10.1 SRY CGA
19 hydatidiform mole, recurrent, 1 10.0 CGB5 CGA
20 inguinal hernia 9.9
21 trophoblastic neoplasm 9.9 CGB5 CGA
22 germinoma 9.9 CGB5 CGA
23 ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome 9.9 CGB5 CGA
24 ectopic pregnancy 9.9 CGB5 CGA
25 darier-white disease 9.8
26 hashimoto thyroiditis 9.8
27 goiter 9.8
28 hypothyroidism 9.8
29 thyroiditis 9.8
30 47,xyy 9.8
31 placenta disease 9.8 CGB5 CGA
32 nonsyndromic disorders of testicular development 9.8 SRY NR5A1
33 46,xy partial gonadal dysgenesis 9.8 SRY NR5A1
34 seminoma 9.8 CGB5 CGA
35 46,xx sex reversal 1 9.8 SRY NR5A1
36 46,xx sex reversal 9.8 SRY NR5A1
37 frasier syndrome 9.8 SRY NR5A1
38 teratoma 9.7 CGB5 CGA
39 gynecomastia 9.7 SRY CGB5 CGA
40 campomelic dysplasia 9.7 SRY NR5A1
41 adrenal rest tumor 9.6 NR5A1 INSL3
42 leydig cell tumor 9.6 NR5A1 INSL3
43 testicular disease 9.5 RXFP2 INSL3 CGA
44 choriocarcinoma 9.5 CGB5 CGA
45 androgen insensitivity syndrome 9.5 SRY NR5A1 CGA
46 46,xy sex reversal 9.5 SRY NR5A1
47 mixed gonadal dysgenesis 9.5 SRY NR5A1 CGB5
48 gonadoblastoma 9.5 SRY NR5A1 CGB5
49 male infertility 9.3 SRY NR5A1 INSL3
50 persistent mullerian duct syndrome 9.3 RXFP2 NR5A1 INSL3

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Anorchia:



Diseases related to Anorchia
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Anorchia

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Human phenotypes related to Anorchia:

58 31 (show all 11)
# Description HPO Frequency Orphanet Frequency HPO Source Accession
1 increased circulating gonadotropin level 58 31 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0000837
2 micropenis 58 31 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0000054
3 absent testis 58 31 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0010469
4 absent external genitalia 58 31 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0000042
5 vanishing testis 58 31 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0012870
6 decreased serum testosterone level 58 31 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0040171
7 abnormal vas deferens morphology 58 31 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0012872
8 ambiguous genitalia 58 31 frequent (33%) Frequent (79-30%) HP:0000062
9 urogenital sinus anomaly 58 31 frequent (33%) Frequent (79-30%) HP:0100779
10 hypoplasia of the uterus 58 31 frequent (33%) Frequent (79-30%) HP:0000013
11 urethrovaginal fistula 58 31 frequent (33%) Frequent (79-30%) HP:0008716
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Drugs & Therapeutics for Anorchia

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Drugs for Anorchia (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):


# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Oxandrolone Approved, Investigational Phase 1 53-39-4 5878
2 Hormones Phase 1
3 Hormone Antagonists Phase 1
4 Androgens Phase 1
5 Anabolic Agents Phase 1

Interventional clinical trials:


# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 A Pilot Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Oxandrolone in the Prevention and Treatment of Malnutrition in Infants After Cardiac Surgery Completed NCT01048632 Phase 1 Oxandrolone

Search NIH Clinical Center for Anorchia

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Genetic Tests for Anorchia

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Anatomical Context for Anorchia

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Anorchia:

40
Testes, Testis, Uterus, Bone, Skin, Colon, Kidney
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Publications for Anorchia

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Articles related to Anorchia:

(show top 50) (show all 199)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Distinguishing between hidden testes and anorchia: the role of endocrine evaluation in infancy and childhood. 61
32422605 2020
2
Pubertal growth spurt in patients with bilateral anorchia after testosterone replacement therapy. 61
31353150 2019
3
[Monorchism in a tomcat]. 61
31212353 2019
4
Controversies in the management of neonatal testicular torsion: A meta-analysis. 61
30098810 2019
5
Regulation of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in males and the associations of serum AMH with the disorders of male fertility. 61
30381580 2019
6
Decision-making challenges in children with congenital and acquired monorchism: a critical literature review. 61
31180081 2019
7
A case of bilateral perinatal testicular torsion that presented with unilateral torsion; necessity of contralateral testis exploration. 61
30395797 2018
8
Case of newly diagnosed bilateral anorchia in a 42-year-old male patient. 61
30317195 2018
9
Association between cholesterol gallstones and testosterone replacement therapy in a patient with primary hypogonadism. 61
29656844 2018
10
Growth, sexual and bone development in a boy with bilateral anorchia under testosterone treatment guided by the development of his monozygotic twin. 61
29353265 2018
11
Novel double-layer Silastic testicular prosthesis with controlled release of testosterone in vitro, and its effects on castrated rats. 61
27174160 2017
12
Treatment of impalpable testis - one clinic's experience. 61
28694903 2017
13
A novel mutation in steroidogenic factor (SF1/NR5A1) gene in a patient with 46 XY DSD without adrenal insufficiency. 61
27135758 2017
14
[Anti-Müllerian hormone: A brief review of the literature]. 61
28240757 2017
15
New NR5A1 mutations and phenotypic variations of gonadal dysgenesis. 61
28459839 2017
16
Novel Heterozygous Genetic Variants in Patients with 46,XY Gonadal Dysgenesis. 61
27711951 2017
17
Bilateral Simultaneous Testicular Torsion in a Newborn: Report of a Case. 61
29439758 2017
18
Familial forms of disorders of sex development may be common if infertility is considered a comorbidity. 61
27899089 2016
19
Alström Syndrome with Portal Hypertension. 61
27766814 2016
20
Testicular prostheses in children: Is earlier better? 61
27264050 2016
21
Bilateral perinatal testicular torsion: successful salvage supports emergency surgery. 61
27307430 2016
22
Clinical and histopathological results of the adult patients with unilateral cryptorchidism. 61
27274891 2016
23
Clinical, hormonal and radiological profile of 46XY disorders of sexual development. 61
27186544 2016
24
NR5A1 Loss-of-Function Mutations Lead to 46,XY Partial Gonadal Dysgenesis Phenotype: Report of Three Novel Mutations. 61
27463801 2016
25
McCune Albright syndrome - association of fibrous dysplasia, café-au-lait skin spots and hyperthyroidism - case report. 61
27857528 2016
26
Mild Deficits of Cortical Bone in Young Adults With Klinefelter Syndrome or Anorchia Treated With Testosterone. 61
26186297 2015
27
The mutational spectrum of WT1 in male infertility. 61
25451826 2015
28
Testicular failure in a patient with G6PC3 deficiency. 61
24796372 2014
29
[Prune-Belly Syndrome: a case report]. 61
25030009 2014
30
A multicenter, open-label, observational study of testosterone gel (1%) in the treatment of adolescent boys with klinefelter syndrome or anorchia. 61
24035132 2014
31
Seedless orchids: Issues in the anorchid adult. 61
24910839 2013
32
Unfused crossed renal ectopia with ipsilateral anorchia-a rare entity. 61
24179935 2013
33
Comprehensive sequence analysis of the NR5A1 gene encoding steroidogenic factor 1 in a large group of infertile males. 61
23299922 2013
34
[Radiotherapy after testicular-sparing surgery for bilateral or monorchide testicular tumours: an innovative approach]. 61
23810303 2013
35
Is surgical exploration necessary in bilateral anorchia? 61
23079081 2013
36
Serum AMH in Physiology and Pathology of Male Gonads. 61
24282408 2013
37
Steroidogenic factor-1 and human disease. 61
23044873 2012
38
Different surgical findings in congenital and acquired undescended testes. 61
22289624 2012
39
A novel approach in eight polyorchidism cases: vasoepidydimal or epididymo-epididymal approximation in single vas deferens duplicated testis. 61
22521191 2012
40
Gonadotrophin secretion pattern in anorchid boys from birth to pubertal age: pathophysiological aspects and diagnostic usefulness. 61
22098623 2012
41
[Safety and effectiveness of testicular prosthesis implantation for testis loss: clinical observation of 18 cases]. 61
22574373 2012
42
Anorchia masked by septo-optic dysplasia. 61
22196414 2012
43
Neonatal testicular torsion: a survey of current practice amongst paediatric surgeons and urologists in the United Kingdom and Ireland. 61
22075349 2011
44
[Excellent growth following testosterone replacement therapy in identical twin with bilateral anorchia]. 61
21832878 2011
45
Salvage of bilateral asynchronous perinatal testicular torsion. 61
21555015 2011
46
Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1, NR5A1) and human disease. 61
21078366 2011
47
Clinical, biological and genetic analysis of anorchia in 26 boys. 61
21853106 2011
48
Testicular gene expression in cryptorchid boys at risk of azoospermia. 61
21412036 2011
49
Congenital pouch colon with unilateral renal agenesis and monorchism. 61
23056753 2010
50
The value of laparoscopy in the management of non-palpable testis. 61
20106723 2010
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Variations for Anorchia

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Expression for Anorchia

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Anorchia.
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Pathways for Anorchia

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Pathways related to Anorchia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
G alpha (s) signalling events 65
10.96 RXFP2 INSL3 CGA
2
Transcriptional regulation by the AP-2 (TFAP2) family of transcription factors 65
Show member pathways
 10.92 CGB5 CGA
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GO Terms for Anorchia

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Biological processes related to Anorchia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007186 9.62 RXFP2 INSL3 CGB5 CGA
2 male gonad development GO:0008584 9.4 RXFP2 NR5A1
3 adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007193 9.37 RXFP2 INSL3
4 peptide hormone processing GO:0016486 9.26 CGB5 CGA
5 male sex determination GO:0030238 9.16 SRY NR5A1
6 positive regulation of male gonad development GO:2000020 8.96 SRY NR5A1
7 hormone-mediated signaling pathway GO:0009755 8.8 RXFP2 NR5A1 CGB5

Molecular functions related to Anorchia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 hormone activity GO:0005179 8.8 INSL3 CGB5 CGA
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Sources for Anorchia

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
43 MeSH
44 MESH via Orphanet
45 MGI
48 NCI
49 NCIt
50 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM
57 OMIM via Orphanet
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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