Anoxia disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: ANX004 MIFTS: 40	Anoxia
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs Expand all tables

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Aliases & Classifications for Anoxia

MalaCards integrated aliases for Anoxia:

Name: Anoxia ⁵³ ⁷¹

External Ids:

UMLS ⁷¹ C0003130

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Summaries for Anoxia

NINDS : ⁵³ Cerebral hypoxia refers to a condition in which there is a decrease of oxygen supply to the brain even though there is adequate blood flow. Drowning, strangling, choking, suffocation, cardiac arrest, head trauma, carbon monoxide poisoning, and complications of general anesthesia can create conditions that can lead to cerebral hypoxia. Symptoms of mild cerebral hypoxia include inattentiveness, poor judgment, memory loss, and a decrease in motor coordination. Brain cells are extremely sensitive to oxygen deprivation and can begin to die within five minutes after oxygen supply has been cut off. When hypoxia lasts for longer periods of time, it can cause coma, seizures, and even brain death. In brain death, there is no measurable activity in the brain, although cardiovascular function is preserved. Life support is required for respiration.

MalaCards based summary : Anoxia is related to varicocele and cataract, and has symptoms including dyspnea, respiratory distress and cyanosis. An important gene associated with Anoxia is STK25 (Serine/Threonine Kinase 25), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Folate Metabolism and Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling. The drug Anesthetics has been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, endothelial and cortex, and related phenotypes are Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2) and Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)

Wikipedia : ⁷⁴ The term anoxia means a total depletion in the level of oxygen, an extreme form of hypoxia or "low... more...

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Related Diseases for Anoxia

Diseases related to Anoxia via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 200)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	varicocele	29.4	SOD1 NOS2
2	cataract	28.9	XDH SOD1 ICAM1 AKR1A1
3	vascular disease	28.8	XDH SOD1 NOS2 ICAM1
4	ischemia	28.7	XDH SOD1 NOS2 KCNJ5 ICAM1 ADORA1
5	cerebral hypoxia	11.0
6	acute mountain sickness	11.0
7	hypoxia	10.6
8	papillomatosis, confluent and reticulated	10.5
9	cardiac arrest	10.4
10	hypoglycemia	10.4
11	ocular motor apraxia	10.3
12	encephalopathy	10.2
13	ventricular fibrillation, paroxysmal familial, 1	10.2
14	cerebral palsy	10.2
15	seizure disorder	10.2
16	amnestic disorder	10.2
17	lactic acidosis	10.2
18	cyanosis, transient neonatal	10.1
19	metabolic acidosis	10.1
20	hyperglycemia	10.1
21	48,xyyy	10.1
22	myoclonus	10.1
23	status epilepticus	10.1
24	polycythemia	10.1
25	peyronie disease	10.0	SOD1 NOS2
26	sudden infant death syndrome	10.0
27	yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome	10.0
28	pertussis	10.0
29	brain edema	10.0
30	b-cell lymphoma	10.0
31	neonatal hypoxic and ischemic brain injury	10.0
32	arthus reaction	10.0	NOS2 ICAM1
33	eales disease	10.0	SOD1 NOS2
34	attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder	10.0
35	pulmonary hypertension	10.0
36	basal ganglia calcification	10.0
37	hemiplegia	10.0
38	corneal edema	10.0
39	asphyxia neonatorum	10.0
40	disseminated intravascular coagulation	10.0
41	encephalomalacia	10.0
42	poliomyelitis	10.0
43	cerebrovascular disease	10.0
44	head injury	10.0
45	persistent vegetative state	10.0
46	retinal vasculitis	9.9	SOD1 NOS2
47	mild pre-eclampsia	9.9	XDH SOD1
48	pheochromocytoma	9.9
49	polykaryocytosis inducer	9.9
50	triiodothyronine receptor auxiliary protein	9.9

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Anoxia:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Anoxia

UMLS symptoms related to Anoxia:

dyspnea, respiratory distress, cyanosis, anoxemia, signs and symptoms, respiratory, labored breathing, symptoms

GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Anoxia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

²⁶ (show all 22)

#	Description	GenomeRNAi Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-10	10.02	ACOX1
2	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-107	10.02	ACOX1
3	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-122	10.02	AKR1A1
4	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-142	10.02	ACOX1
5	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-160	10.02	SIRT2
6	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-166	10.02	AKR1A1
7	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-173	10.02	SIRT2
8	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-186	10.02	ACOX1
9	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-19	10.02	SIRT2
10	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-190	10.02	ACOX1 SIRT2
11	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-197	10.02	SIRT2
12	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-25	10.02	SIRT2
13	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-29	10.02	SIRT2
14	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-30	10.02	AKR1A1
15	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-32	10.02	SIRT2
16	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-34	10.02	SIRT2
17	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-55	10.02	SIRT2
18	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-74	10.02	SIRT2
19	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-87	10.02	SIRT2
20	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-91	10.02	SIRT2
21	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-92	10.02	ACOX1 SIRT2
22	shRNA abundance <= 50%	GR00343-S	9.1	ADORA1 AKR1A1 ICAM1 KCNJ5 SOD1 STK25

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Anoxia:

⁴⁶

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cellular	MP:0005384	9.97	ACOX1 AKR1A1 ICAM1 NOS2 SIRT2 SOD1
2	homeostasis/metabolism	MP:0005376	9.86	ACOX1 ADORA1 AKR1A1 ICAM1 NOS2 SIRT2
3	endocrine/exocrine gland	MP:0005379	9.8	ACOX1 ICAM1 NOS2 SIRT2 SOD1 XDH
4	integument	MP:0010771	9.63	ADORA1 ICAM1 NOS2 SIRT2 SOD1 XDH
5	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	9.56	ADORA1 AKR1A1 ICAM1 NOS2 SIRT2 SOD1
6	neoplasm	MP:0002006	9.02	ACOX1 ICAM1 NOS2 SIRT2 SOD1

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Anoxia

Drugs for Anoxia (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

#		Name	Status	Phase	Clinical Trials	Cas Number	PubChem Id
1		Anesthetics

Interventional clinical trials:

#	Name	Status	NCT ID
1	Evaluation of a Novel Signal Acquisition Technique for Intrapartum Cardiotocography	Unknown status	NCT03268486
2	Reproducibility of 6 Minute Walk Tests for Oxygen Desaturation	Completed	NCT00740220
3	MRI & CT Angiogram and Hyperbaric Oxygen in Chronic Stable Brain Injury	Completed	NCT01126515
4	Repeated tDCS in Chronic Minimally Conscious State Patients : a Sham-controlled Randomized Double Blind Study	Completed	NCT02019615
5	Performance Comparison of a New Fetal/Maternal Monitor With an FDA-cleared Method	Completed	NCT01889316
6	Cerebral Near-infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Monitoring Throughout Caesarean Deliveries	Completed	NCT02473978
7	Accuracy Validation of the Cadwell Pulse Oximetry System	Completed	NCT02842476
8	Evaluation of Cerebral, Hemodynamic and Neuronal Activities in Neonates in the Immediate Postpartum	Not yet recruiting	NCT04225975

Search NIH Clinical Center for Anoxia

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Genetic Tests for Anoxia

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Anatomical Context for Anoxia

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Anoxia:

⁴⁰

Brain, Endothelial, Cortex, Smooth Muscle, Skeletal Muscle, Cardiac Myocytes, Spinal Cord

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Publications for Anoxia

Articles related to Anoxia:

(show top 50) (show all 9511)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	Exploring pathways of NO and H2S signaling in metabolic depression: The case of anoxic turtles. ⁶¹	Bundgaard A...Fago A	33276130	2021
2	Causes of early mortality in pediatric trauma patients. ⁶¹	Theodorou CM...Trappey AF	33492107	2021
3	Effects of the induction of anoxia in photobioreactor on effective cultivation of Scenedesmus acuminatus under mixotrophic cultivation mode. ⁶¹	Rhie MN...Lee T	33475031	2021
4	Response of Anatolian mountain frogs (Rana macrocnemis and Rana holtzi) to freezing, anoxia, and dehydration: Glucose as a cryoprotectant. ⁶¹	Yoldas T...Cengiz Erismis U	33285112	2021
5	Effects of Seasonal Anoxia on the Microbial Community Structure in Demosponges in a Marine Lake in Lough Hyne, Ireland. ⁶¹	Schuster A...Canfield DE	33536324	2021
6	Natural History of Pleural Complications After Lung Transplantation. ⁶¹	Tang A...Ahmad U	32853567	2021
7	A Role for Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells in Direct Allo-Recognition by CD4+ T-Cells and the Effect of Ischemia-Reperfusion. ⁶¹	Eleftheriadis T...Stefanidis I	33572206	2021
8	Extracellular vesicles from anoxia preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells alleviate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. ⁶¹	Mao C...Wang C	33578393	2021
9	Overexpression of SP1 restores autophagy to alleviate acute renal injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion through the miR-205/PTEN/Akt pathway. ⁶¹	Huang C...Liu YF	33546692	2021
10	Freezing stress adaptations: Critical elements to activate Nrf2 related antioxidant defense in liver and skeletal muscle of the freeze tolerant wood frogs. ⁶¹	Zhang J...Storey KB	33548505	2021
11	Long-term sustainable phosphorus (P) retention in a low-P stormwater wetland for Everglades restoration. ⁶¹	Dierberg FE...Ivanoff DB	33280863	2021
12	Dexmedetomidine at a dose of 1 µM attenuates H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury under 3 h of hypoxia exposure and 3 h of reoxygenation through the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress. ⁶¹	Zhu Z...Zhang C	33376514	2021
13	Ca2+ -permeable AMPA receptors and their auxiliary subunits in synaptic plasticity and disease. ⁶¹	Cull-Candy SG...Farrant M	33533533	2021
14	A multiwell plate-based system for toxicity screening under multiple static or cycling oxygen environments. ⁶¹	Yao M...Gamcsik MP	33597640	2021
15	In Vivo Transcutaneous Monitoring of Hemoglobin Derivatives Using a Red-Green-Blue Camera-Based Spectral Imaging Technique. ⁶¹	Khatun F...Nishidate I	33546389	2021
16	The etiology of rhabdomyolysis: an interaction between genetic susceptibility and external triggers. ⁶¹	Kruijt N...Voermans NC	32978841	2021
17	Oxidative Damage? Not a Problem! The Characterization of Humanin-like Mitochondrial Peptide in Anoxia Tolerant Freshwater Turtles. ⁶¹	Wijenayake S...Storey KB	33387248	2021
18	Hepatotropic Properties of SARS-CoV-2-Preliminary Results of Cross-Sectional Observational Study from the First Wave COVID-19 Pandemic. ⁶¹	Wisniewska H...Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska M	33572429	2021
19	A refined model on flow and oxygen consumption in the human cornea depending on the oxygen tension at the interface cornea/post lens tear film during contact lens wear. ⁶¹	Moreno VC...Del Castillo LF	33589396	2021
20	Assessment of National Organ Donation Rates and Organ Procurement Organization Metrics. ⁶¹	DeRoos LJ...Parikh ND	33263743	2021
21	Tolerance to excess moisture in soybean is enhanced by over-expression of the Glycine max Phytoglobin (GmPgb1). ⁶¹	Mira MM...Stasolla C	33421908	2021
22	Depth-discrete metagenomics reveals the roles of microbes in biogeochemical cycling in the tropical freshwater Lake Tanganyika. ⁶¹	Tran PQ...Anantharaman K	33564113	2021
23	Phosphorus supply pathways and mechanisms in shallow lakes with different regime. ⁶¹	Li H...Zhou Y	33581400	2021
24	Fossil evidence for vampire squid inhabiting oxygen-depleted ocean zones since at least the Oligocene. ⁶¹	Kostak M...Mazuch M	33603225	2021
25	Variations of sedimentary Fe and Mn fractions under changing lake mixing regimes, oxygenation and land surface processes during Late-glacial and Holocene times. ⁶¹	Makri S...Grosjean M	33229087	2021
26	A high-resolution record of Holocene primary productivity and water-column mixing from the varved sediments of Lake Żabińskie, Poland. ⁶¹	Zander PD...Grosjean M	33229096	2021
27	Modulation of mitochondrial site-specific hydrogen peroxide efflux by exogenous stressors. ⁶¹	Okoye CN...Kamunde C	33383085	2021
28	The anaerobic threshold: 50+ years of controversy. ⁶¹	Poole DC...Gladden LB	33112439	2021
29	GABA receptor inhibition and severe hypoxia induce a paroxysmal depolarization shift in goldfish neurons. ⁶¹	Hossein-Javaheri N...Buck LT	33296606	2021
30	Energy substrate metabolism and mitochondrial oxidative stress in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. ⁶¹	Dambrova M...Makrecka-Kuka M	33484825	2021
31	Nicotinamide as a Foundation for Treating Neurodegenerative Disease and Metabolic Disorders. ⁶¹	Maiese K	33397266	2021
32	Reduction of anoxia-induced bioenergetic disturbance in astrocytes by methanol fruit extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera and in silico evaluation of the effect of its antioxidative constituents on excitotoxicity. ⁶¹	Saliu IO...Rema V	33552925	2021
33	Evaluating the effect of CFH-12® and Phoslock® on phosphorus dynamics during anoxia and resuspension in shallow eutrophic lakes. ⁶¹	Funes A...de Vicente I	33280914	2021
34	Upper limits on the extent of seafloor anoxia during the PETM from uranium isotopes. ⁶¹	Clarkson MO...Vance D	33452243	2021
35	Otto Warburg: The journey towards the seminal discovery of tumor cell bioenergetic reprogramming. ⁶¹	Urbano AM	32949769	2021
36	Pharmacological properties of some mangrove sediment-associated bacillus isolates. ⁶¹	Rajan L...Chakraborty RD	32749660	2021
37	Evolution of coding sequence and gene expression of blowflies and botflies with contrasting feeding habits. ⁶¹	Cardoso GA...Torres TT	33022358	2021
38	Enolase2 and enolase1 cooperate against neuronal injury in stroke model. ⁶¹	Jiang W...Tu H	33484738	2021
39	The Role of Retinoblastoma Protein in Cell Cycle Regulation: An Updated Review. ⁶¹	Roufayel R...Storey KB	33397238	2021
40	Dexmedetomidine exerts cardioprotective effect through miR-146a-3p targeting IRAK1 and TRAF6 via inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. ⁶¹	He L...Qian J	33220608	2021
41	Reoxygenation induces reactive oxygen species production and ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor. ⁶¹	Eleftheriadis T...Stefanidis I	33179104	2021
42	River ecosystem resilience risk index: A tool to quantitatively characterize resilience and critical transitions in human-impacted large rivers. ⁶¹	Jaiswal D...Pandey J	33069044	2021
43	Acclimation to warm temperatures has important implications for mitochondrial function in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). ⁶¹	Gerber L...Gamperl AK	33288533	2021
44	Rice with SUB1 QTL possesses greater initial leaf gas film thickness leading to delayed perception of submergence stress. ⁶¹	Chakraborty K...Sarkar RK	32939540	2021
45	Microbial sulfate reduction and organic sulfur formation in sinking marine particles. ⁶¹	Raven MR...Webb SM	33335018	2021
46	Disentangling natural vs. anthropogenic induced environmental variability during the Holocene: Marambaia Cove, SW sector of the Sepetiba Bay (SE Brazil). ⁶¹	Castelo WFL...Bergamaschi S	33420935	2021
47	Chronic Oxytocin treatment has long lasting therapeutic potential in a rat model of neonatal hypercapnic-hypoxia injury, through enhanced GABAergic signaling and by reducing hippocampal gliosis with its anti-inflammatory feature. ⁶¹	Sunnetci E...Erbas O	33022295	2021
48	Pgant4 and Tango1 Mediate Anoxia and Reoxygenation Injury. ⁶¹	Du Q...Wang W	32803622	2020
49	miR-708 affords protective efficacy in anoxia/reoxygenation-stimulated cardiomyocytes by blocking the TLR4 signaling via targeting HMGB1. ⁶¹	Zhang S...Xuan J	32866662	2020
50	An Improved HRPE-Based Transcriptional Output Reporter to Detect Hypoxia and Anoxia in Plant Tissue. ⁶¹	Panicucci G...Weits DA	33287141	2020

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Genes for Anoxia

Genes related to Anoxia (0 elite genes):

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	STK25	Serine/Threonine Kinase 25	Protein Coding	15.56	GeneCards inferred via : Publications Summaries (show sections)
2	SIRT2	Sirtuin 2	Protein Coding	14.99	GeneCards inferred via : Publications Functions (show sections)
3	ICAM1	Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1	Protein Coding	7.36	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
4	SOD1	Superoxide Dismutase 1	Protein Coding	7.36	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
5	AKR1A1	Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member A1	Protein Coding	7.21	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
6	KCNJ5	Potassium Inwardly Rectifying Channel Subfamily J Member 5	Protein Coding	7.21	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
7	NOS2	Nitric Oxide Synthase 2	Protein Coding	7.21	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
8	XDH	Xanthine Dehydrogenase	Protein Coding	7.21	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
9	ACOX1	Acyl-CoA Oxidase 1	Protein Coding	7.1	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
10	ADORA1	Adenosine A1 Receptor	Protein Coding	7.01	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)

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Variations for Anoxia

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Expression for Anoxia

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Anoxia.

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Pathways for Anoxia

Pathways related to Anoxia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Folate Metabolism ¹ Show member pathways Selenium Micronutrient Network ¹ thioredoxin pathway ¹ Vitamin B12 Metabolism ¹	11.83	XDH SOD1 ICAM1
2	Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling ¹ Show member pathways Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation ²³	11.26	NOS2 ICAM1
3	Mechanisms of CFTR activation by S-nitrosoglutathione (normal and CF) ²³ Show member pathways CFTR folding and maturation (norm and CF) ²³	11.2	SOD1 NOS2
4	Peroxisome ³⁶	11.17	XDH SOD1 NOS2 ACOX1
5	Type II interferon signaling (IFNG) ¹	10.97	NOS2 ICAM1
6	Oxidative Stress ¹	10.86	XDH SOD1
7	Doxorubicin Pathway (Cardiomyocyte Cell), Pharmacodynamics ⁶⁰	10.64	NOS2 AKR1A1
8	Doxorubicin Pathway, Pharmacokinetics ⁶⁰ Show member pathways Doxorubicin Pathway (Cancer Cell), Pharmacodynamics ⁶⁰	10.53	XDH SOD1 NOS2 AKR1A1
9	Effects of Nitric Oxide ¹	10.06	XDH NOS2

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GO Terms for Anoxia

Cellular components related to Anoxia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	peroxisomal matrix	GO:0005782	8.96	NOS2 ACOX1
2	peroxisome	GO:0005777	8.92	XDH SOD1 NOS2 ACOX1

Biological processes related to Anoxia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 12)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	response to hypoxia	GO:0001666	9.54	NOS2 ICAM1 ADORA1
2	response to hydrogen peroxide	GO:0042542	9.51	STK25 SOD1
3	ovarian follicle development	GO:0001541	9.49	SOD1 ICAM1
4	negative regulation of protein catabolic process	GO:0042177	9.48	SIRT2 NOS2
5	response to amphetamine	GO:0001975	9.46	SOD1 ICAM1
6	negative regulation of blood pressure	GO:0045776	9.43	NOS2 ADORA1
7	cell aging	GO:0007569	9.4	SOD1 ICAM1
8	superoxide metabolic process	GO:0006801	9.32	SOD1 NOS2
9	response to copper ion	GO:0046688	9.26	SOD1 ICAM1
10	hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process	GO:0050665	9.16	SOD1 ACOX1
11	oxidation-reduction process	GO:0055114	9.02	XDH SOD1 NOS2 AKR1A1 ACOX1
12	relaxation of vascular smooth muscle	GO:0060087	8.96	SOD1 ADORA1

Molecular functions related to Anoxia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	protein homodimerization activity	GO:0042803	9.56	XDH STK25 NOS2 ACOX1
2	FAD binding	GO:0071949	9.16	XDH ACOX1
3	flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	GO:0050660	9.13	XDH NOS2 ACOX1
4	oxidoreductase activity	GO:0016491	9.02	XDH SOD1 NOS2 AKR1A1 ACOX1

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Sources for Anoxia

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

¹³ diseasecard

¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁵ DISEASES

¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ EFO

¹⁸ ExPASy

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GARD

²¹ GeneAnalytics

²² GeneCards

²³ GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²⁴ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁵ GeneReviews

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HMDB

³¹ HPO

³² ICD10

³³ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁴ ICD9CM

³⁵ IUPHAR

³⁶ KEGG

³⁷ LifeMap

³⁸ LncRNADisease

³⁹ LOVD

⁴⁰ MalaCards

⁴¹ MedGen

⁴² MedlinePlus

⁴³ MedlinePlus Genetics

⁴⁴ MeSH

⁴⁵ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁶ MGI

⁴⁷ miR2Disease

⁴⁸ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁹ NCI

⁵⁰ NCIt

⁵¹ NDF-RT

⁵² NIH Clinical Center

⁵³ NINDS

⁵⁴ Novoseek

⁵⁵ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁶ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁷ OMIM® (Updated 05-Mar-2021)

⁵⁸ Orphanet

⁵⁹ PathCards

⁶⁰ PharmGKB

⁶¹ PubMed

⁶² PubMed Health

⁶³ QIAGEN

⁶⁴ R&D Systems

⁶⁵ Reactome

⁶⁶ Sino Biological

⁶⁷ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁶⁹ TGDB

⁷⁰ Tocris

⁷¹ UMLS

⁷² UMLS via Orphanet

⁷³ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁴ Wikipedia