Avian Influenza disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: AVN001 MIFTS: 59	Avian Influenza Categories: Infectious diseases, Oral diseases, Rare diseases, Respiratory diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs Expand all tables

Sources

Aliases & Classifications for Avian Influenza

MalaCards integrated aliases for Avian Influenza:

Name: Avian Influenza ¹² ⁵⁸ ³ ¹⁵ ¹⁷

Influenza in Birds ⁴³ ⁷¹

Bird Flu ¹² ⁴²

Avian Flu ¹²

Characteristics:

Orphanet epidemiological data:

⁵⁸

avian influenza
Inheritance: Not applicable; Prevalence: <1/1000000 (Europe); Age of onset: All ages; Age of death: any age;

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Infectious diseases Rare diseases
Anatomical: Respiratory diseases Oral diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

ICD10: ³³

Diseases of the respiratory system

Influenza and pneumonia

Influenza due to certain identified influenza virus

Orphanet: ⁵⁸

Rare respiratory diseases

Rare infectious diseases

External Ids:

Disease Ontology ¹² DOID:4492

MeSH ⁴³ D005585

ICD10 ³² J09.X

ICD10 via Orphanet ³³ J09

Orphanet ⁵⁸ ORPHA454836

EFO ¹⁷ EFO_0005222

UMLS ⁷¹ C0016627

Sources

Summaries for Avian Influenza

MedlinePlus : ⁴² Birds, just like people, get the flu. Bird flu viruses infect birds, including chickens, other poultry, and wild birds such as ducks. Usually bird flu viruses only infect other birds. It is rare for people to get infected with bird flu viruses, but it can happen. Two types, H5N1 and H7N9, have infected some people during outbreaks in Asia, Africa, the Pacific, the Middle East, and parts of Europe. There have also been some rare cases of other types of bird flu affecting people in the United States. Most of the people who get bird flu have had close contact with infected birds or with surfaces that have been contaminated by the birds' saliva, mucous, or droppings. It is also possible to get it by breathing in droplets or dust that contain the virus. Rarely, the virus has spread from one person to another. It may also be possible to catch bird flu by eating poultry or eggs that are not well cooked. Bird flu illness in people can range from mild to severe. Often, the symptoms are similar to the seasonal flu, such as Fever Cough Sore throat Runny or stuffy nose Muscle or body aches Fatigue Headaches Eye redness (or conjunctivitis) Difficulty breathing In some cases, bird flu can cause serious complications and death. As with seasonal flu, some people are at higher risk for serious illness. They include pregnant women, people with weakened immune systems, and adults 65 and older. Treatment with antiviral medicines may make the illness less severe. They may also help prevent the flu in people who were exposed to it. There is currently no vaccine available to the public. The government does have a supply of a vaccine for one type of H5N1 bird flu virus and could distribute it if there was an outbreak that spread easily from person to person. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

MalaCards based summary : Avian Influenza, also known as influenza in birds, is related to influenza and conjunctivitis, and has symptoms including fever, pruritus and snoring. An important gene associated with Avian Influenza is FURIN (Furin, Paired Basic Amino Acid Cleaving Enzyme), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Innate Immune System and ERK Signaling. The drugs Oseltamivir and Probenecid have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include testes, lung and t cells, and related phenotypes are vomiting and fatigue

Disease Ontology : ¹² An influenza that results in infection located in respiratory tract of humans, domestic and wild birds, has material basis in Influenza A virus, which is transmitted by contact with infected poultry. Five strains of avian influenza A viruses (H5N1, H7N3, H7N2, H7N7 and H9N2) are known to cause human infections. The infection has symptom fever, has symptom cough, has symptom sore throat, has symptom muscle aches, has symptom nausea, has symptom diarrhea, has symptom vomiting, has symptom neurologic changes, has symptom pneumonia, and has symptom acute respiratory distress.

CDC : ³ Avian influenza refers to the disease caused by infection with avian (bird) influenza (flu) Type A viruses. These viruses occur naturally among wild aquatic birds worldwide and can infect domestic poultry and other bird and animal species. Avian flu viruses do not normally infect humans. However, sporadic human infections with avian flu viruses have occurred. The links below offer more information about avian influenza.

Wikipedia : ⁷⁴ Avian influenza, known informally as avian flu or bird flu, is a variety of influenza caused by viruses... more...

Sources

Related Diseases for Avian Influenza

Diseases related to Avian Influenza via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 406)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	influenza	32.0	TNF NEU1 IVNS1ABP ISG15 IRF7 IL6
2	conjunctivitis	31.9	TNF IL6 CXCL8
3	newcastle disease	31.8	TNF NEU1 IVNS1ABP IRF7 IFNA1 DDX58
4	swine influenza	31.7	TNF NEU1 IFNA1 DDX58
5	bronchitis	31.6	TNF IL6 CXCL8 CXCL10
6	plague	31.6	TNF IL6 DDX58 CCR5
7	meningoencephalitis	31.4	TNF IL6 CXCL10
8	severe acute respiratory syndrome	31.3	TNF IL6 IFNA1 FURIN DDX58 CXCL8
9	tracheitis	31.3	TNF IL6 FURIN
10	middle east respiratory syndrome	31.2	ISG15 FURIN CXCL10
11	respiratory failure	31.2	TNF SFTPD JUN IL6 CXCL8 CXCL10
12	west nile virus	31.1	IFNA1 DDX58 CCR5
13	bacterial infectious disease	31.1	TNF ISG15 IL6 CXCL8
14	stomatitis	31.1	TNF IL6 IFNA1 DDX58 CXCL8
15	encephalitis	31.1	TNF IL6 IFNA1 DDX58 CXCL10 CCR5
16	viral pneumonia	31.1	TNF SFTPD IL6 DDX58 CXCL8 CXCL10
17	cholera	31.1	TNF NEU1 IL6 CXCL8
18	neutropenia	31.0	TNF IL6 IFNA1 FASLG CXCL8
19	pneumonia	30.9	TNF SFTPD NEU1 IL6 IFNA1 CXCL8
20	pulmonary edema	30.9	TNF FASLG CXCL8
21	chlamydia	30.9	TNF IL6 CXCL8
22	tetanus	30.8	TNF NEU1 IL6 FASLG
23	bronchopneumonia	30.8	TNF IL6 CXCL8
24	vaccinia	30.8	TNF STAT2 ISG15 IRF7 IL6 IFNA1
25	bacterial pneumonia	30.8	TNF SFTPD NEU1 IL6 CXCL8
26	gastroenteritis	30.8	TNF IL6 IFNA1 CXCL8
27	dengue disease	30.8	TNF IVNS1ABP IFNA1
28	chikungunya	30.7	TNF IL6 FURIN DDX58
29	myositis	30.7	TNF IL6 IFNA1 CXCL8 CXCL10
30	rabies	30.7	STAT2 IRF7 IFNA1 DDX58 CXCL10
31	salmonellosis	30.7	TNF JUN IL6
32	streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome	30.6	TNF IL6 CXCL8
33	adult respiratory distress syndrome	30.6	TNF SFTPD IL6 CXCL8
34	bronchiolitis	30.6	TNF SFTPD IL6 IFNA1 CXCL8 CXCL10
35	coccidiosis	30.6	TNF IL6 CXCL8
36	cryptogenic organizing pneumonia	30.6	TNF SFTPD CXCL8
37	leptospirosis	30.6	TNF IL6 CXCL8
38	japanese encephalitis	30.5	TNF IVNS1ABP IFNA1 CXCL10
39	thrombocytopenia	30.5	TNF STAT2 IL6 IFNA1 FASLG CXCL8
40	hepatitis e	30.5	TNF ISG15 DDX58
41	pericarditis	30.5	TNF IL6 CXCL8
42	respiratory allergy	30.5	TNF IL6 CXCL8
43	lung disease	30.5	TNF SFTPD IL6 CXCL8 CXCL10 CCR5
44	exanthem	30.5	TNF IL6 IFNA1 CXCL8
45	lyme disease	30.5	TNF IRF7 IL6 IFNA1
46	bronchiolitis obliterans	30.4	TNF SFTPD IL6 CXCL8
47	acquired immunodeficiency syndrome	30.4	TNF IL6 IFNA1 CCR5
48	pertussis	30.4	TNF JUN IL6 CXCL8
49	tick-borne encephalitis	30.4	IVNS1ABP IFNA1 DDX58 CXCL10 CCR5
50	aspergillosis	30.3	TNF SFTPD IL6 CXCL8 CXCL10

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Avian Influenza:

Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Avian Influenza

Human phenotypes related to Avian Influenza:

⁵⁸ (show all 41)

#	Description	Orphanet Frequency
1	vomiting ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)
2	fatigue ⁵⁸	Very frequent (99-80%)
3	fever ⁵⁸	Very frequent (99-80%)
4	dyspnea ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)
5	elevated serum creatine kinase ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
6	congestive heart failure ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
7	hepatitis ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
8	abdominal pain ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)
9	pulmonary infiltrates ⁵⁸	Frequent (79-30%)
10	myalgia ⁵⁸	Very frequent (99-80%)
11	cough ⁵⁸	Very frequent (99-80%)
12	chest pain ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)
13	elevated hepatic transaminase ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
14	thrombocytopenia ⁵⁸	Frequent (79-30%)
15	lymphopenia ⁵⁸	Frequent (79-30%)
16	conjunctivitis ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)
17	meningitis ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
18	sepsis ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
19	headache ⁵⁸	Frequent (79-30%)
20	encephalitis ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
21	hypoalbuminemia ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
22	respiratory failure ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)
23	tachypnea ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
24	respiratory distress ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
25	hypoxemia ⁵⁸	Frequent (79-30%)
26	pneumonia ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)
27	pleural effusion ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)
28	diarrhea ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)
29	pneumothorax ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
30	elevated c-reactive protein level ⁵⁸	Frequent (79-30%)
31	leukopenia ⁵⁸	Frequent (79-30%)
32	spontaneous abortion ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)
33	acute kidney injury ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
34	disseminated intravascular coagulation ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
35	increased lactate dehydrogenase activity ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)
36	rhabdomyolysis ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
37	nonproductive cough ⁵⁸	Frequent (79-30%)
38	ground-glass opacification on pulmonary hrct ⁵⁸	Frequent (79-30%)
39	myelitis ⁵⁸	Very rare (<4-1%)
40	pharyngitis ⁵⁸	Very frequent (99-80%)
41	productive cough ⁵⁸	Occasional (29-5%)

UMLS symptoms related to Avian Influenza:

fever, pruritus, snoring, coughing

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Avian Influenza:

⁴⁵

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cardiovascular system	MP:0005385	10.23	CCR5 CRK CXCL10 FASLG FURIN IL6
2	hematopoietic system	MP:0005397	10.22	CCR5 CXCL10 DDX58 FASLG FURIN IL6
3	homeostasis/metabolism	MP:0005376	10.21	CCR5 CRK CXCL10 DDX58 FASLG IL6
4	immune system	MP:0005387	10.17	CCR5 CXCL10 DDX58 FASLG FURIN IL6
5	digestive/alimentary	MP:0005381	10.09	CCR5 CRK DDX58 FASLG FURIN IL6
6	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	10.06	CCR5 CRK CXCL10 DDX58 FASLG FURIN
7	liver/biliary system	MP:0005370	9.86	CCR5 DDX58 FASLG FURIN IL6 JUN
8	nervous system	MP:0003631	9.7	CCR5 CRK CXCL10 FASLG FURIN IL6
9	respiratory system	MP:0005388	9.32	CRK FASLG IL6 IVNS1ABP JUN NEU1

Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Avian Influenza

Drugs for Avian Influenza (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 51)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Oseltamivir

Approved

Phase 4

204255-11-8, 196618-13-0

65028

Probenecid

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

57-66-9

4911

Antirheumatic Agents

Phase 4

Lactitol

Approved, Investigational

Phase 3

585-88-6, 585-86-4

493591

Formaldehyde

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 2, Phase 3

50-00-0

712

MF59 oil emulsion

Phase 3

Hemagglutinins

Phase 3

Agglutinins

Phase 3

Laxatives

Phase 3

Cathartics

Phase 3

Immunosuppressive Agents

Phase 3

Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Phase 3

Antimalarials

Phase 3

Hydroxychloroquine

Approved

Phase 2

118-42-3

3652

Azithromycin

Approved

Phase 2

83905-01-5

447043 55185

Lopinavir

Approved

Phase 2

192725-17-0

92727

Enoxaparin

Approved

Phase 2

9005-49-6

772

Ritonavir

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2

155213-67-5

392622

Tocopherol

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2

1406-66-2, 54-28-4

14986

Aluminum hydroxide

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2

21645-51-2

Aluminum sulfate

Approved

Phase 2

10043-01-3

Vitamin E

Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved

Phase 2

59-02-9

14985

Tocotrienol

Investigational

Phase 2

6829-55-6

N-(2-aminoethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide

Phase 2

Antiviral Agents

Phase 2

Pharmaceutical Solutions

Phase 2

Anticoagulants

Phase 2

Anti-Bacterial Agents

Phase 2

Antibiotics, Antitubercular

Phase 2

Tocopherols

Phase 2

Tocotrienols

Phase 2

Adjuvants, Immunologic

Phase 2

Gastrointestinal Agents

Phase 2

Antacids

Phase 2

Anti-Ulcer Agents

Phase 2

Antibodies

Phase 1, Phase 2

Rho(D) Immune Globulin

Phase 2

Vaccines

Phase 1, Phase 2

Immunoglobulins, Intravenous

Phase 2

gamma-Globulins

Phase 2

Immunoglobulins

Phase 1, Phase 2

Immunologic Factors

Phase 1, Phase 2

interferons

Phase 1, Phase 2

Poly I-C

Phase 1, Phase 2

poly(I).poly(c12,U)

Phase 1, Phase 2

Imiquimod

Approved, Investigational

Phase 1

99011-02-6

57469

Peramivir

Approved, Investigational

Phase 1

229614-55-5, 330600-85-6

151164

Inulin

Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical

Phase 1

9005-80-5

24763

Chlorine dioxide

Investigational

10049-04-4

Anti-Infective Agents

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 178)

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	Human Immune Responses to an Adjuvanted H5 Vaccine: Durability and Impact of the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine on H5 Induced B Cell Response	Completed	NCT03701061	Phase 4
2	Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) Dosing Strategies for Use During Influenza Prophylaxis (VA01)	Completed	NCT00304434	Phase 4	Oseltamivir;Probenecid
3	A Phase 3 Randomized, Observer-Blind, Multi-center, Controlled Study to Evaluate Safety, Immunogenicity, and Lot-to-Lot Consistency of an Adjuvanted Cell Culture-Derived, H5N1 Subunit Influenza Virus Vaccine in Healthy Adult Subjects ≥18 Years of Age	Completed	NCT02839330	Phase 3
4	A Phase III, Stratified, Randomized, Controlled, Observer-Blind, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of Two Doses of aH5N1when Administered to Adult and Elderly Subjects With and Without Immunosuppressive Conditions	Completed	NCT02107807	Phase 3
5	A Phase 2/3 Double Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study in Healthy Adult Volunteers in Vietnam to Examine the Safety and Immunogenicity of an Inactivated A/H5N1 Influenza Vaccine (IVACFLU-A/H5N1) Produced by IVAC	Completed	NCT02612909	Phase 2, Phase 3
6	A Phase III, Randomized, Controlled, Observer-Blind, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity, Safety and Tolerability of Two Doses of FLUAD-H5N1 Influenza Vaccine in Adult and Elderly Subjects	Completed	NCT00434733	Phase 3
7	Safety and Immunogenicity of Monovalent H5N1 Vaccine GSK1557484A in Children 6 Months to < 18 Years of Age	Completed	NCT01310413	Phase 3
8	A Blinded, Randomized Phase 2/3 Study to Assess Immunogenicity and Safety of Two Different Dose Levels of a Vero Cell-Derived Whole Virus H5N1 Influenza Vaccine in a Healthy Japanese Adult Population Aged 18 to 59 Years	Completed	NCT01382329	Phase 2, Phase 3
9	Safety and Tolerability of GSK 1557484A Vaccine in Adults at Occupational Risk for Influenza A (H5N1) Exposure	Completed	NCT01788228	Phase 3
10	Randomized, Double Blind, Multicenter, Phase III Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of 'MG1109(Egg-based, Pre-pandemic Influenza(H5N1) Vaccine)' Administered Intramuscularly in Healthy Adult Volunteers	Completed	NCT01987011	Phase 3
11	Phase III, Stratified, Randomized, Controlled, Observer-Blind, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of Two Doses of aH5N1 When Administered to Adult and Elderly Subjects With and Without Underlying Medical Conditions.	Completed	NCT02091908	Phase 3
12	Evaluation of the Immunogenicity, Safety, Reactogenicity, Efficacy, Effectiveness and Lot Consistency of FluBlok® Trivalent Recombinant Baculovirus-Expressed Hemagglutinin Influenza Vaccine In Healthy Adults Aged 18 to 49	Completed	NCT00539981	Phase 3
13	Evaluation of the Immunogenicity and Safety of Two Preparations of Trivalent Recombinant Baculovirus-Expressed Hemagglutinin Influenza Vaccine Administered Intramuscularly in Healthy Adults Ages 18-49 Years.	Completed	NCT00328107	Phase 2, Phase 3
14	Efficacy of Oseltamivir in Reducing the Duration of Clinical Illness, Viral Shedding, and Transmissibility Reduction Within Households Among Participants in an Influenza Disease Burden Surveillance Cohort in Urban Dhaka, Bangladesh	Completed	NCT00707941	Phase 3	Oseltamivir;Placebo
15	Efficacy of Convalescent Plasma for the Treatment of Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Randomized, Open Label Clinical Trial	Not yet recruiting	NCT04391101	Phase 3	Convalescent plasma
16	SEA022 Oseltamivir Treatment in Children Under One Year of Age With Moderate or Severe Influenza Lower Respiratory Tract Infection - a Clinical and Pharmacokinetic Study.	Withdrawn	NCT01546935	Phase 2, Phase 3	Oseltamivir
17	A Single Center, Open-label, Phase I/II Study of Two 90 Microgram Doses of Intramuscular Inactivated Influenza A/H5N1 Vaccine in Adult Subjects at Risk of Occupational Exposure to Live H5N1 Viruses	Unknown status	NCT00417560	Phase 1, Phase 2
18	Immunogenicity And Safety Of An Alum-Adjuvanted Inactivated H7N9 Influenza Vaccine	Unknown status	NCT03369808	Phase 1, Phase 2
19	A Phase II, Single Center, Exploratory Study to Evaluate Safety and Immunogenicity of Two Doses of H5N1 Influenza Vaccine in Adults Unprimed and Primed With MF59-adjuvanted or Non-adjuvanted H5N3 Influenza Vaccines	Completed	NCT00478816	Phase 2
20	A Phase II, Randomized, Controlled, Observer-blind, Single-center Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity, Safety and Tolerability of Two Doses of an H5N1 Influenza Vaccine in Subjects Aged 6 Months to 17 Years	Completed	NCT00537524	Phase 2
21	A Trial to Evaluate the Immunogenicity of Accelerated Primary Vaccination With Monovalent A/Indonesia/5/05 (H5N1) Vaccine Antigen in Association With AS03 Adjuvant in Adults Aged 18-64	Completed	NCT00695669	Phase 2
22	Evaluation of Priming Effects by Pandemic Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV Candidate Vaccine Strain A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2)) on the Subsequent Response to Inactivated H5N1 Vaccine in Healthy Thai Volunteers: A Non-Randomized, Open Label Study	Completed	NCT02229357	Phase 2
23	Systems Biology of Influenza A (H5N1) Virus Monovalent Vaccine With and Without AS03 Adjuvant (HIPC: VAX-010)	Completed	NCT01910519	Phase 2
24	High-Dose Versus Standard-Dose Oseltamivir for the Treatment of Severe Influenza and Avian Influenza: A Phase II Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial	Completed	NCT00298233	Phase 2	Oseltamivir
25	A Phase II, Randomized, Controlled, Open Label, Single-Center Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity, Safety and Tolerability of an H5N1-vaccine and a Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Adult Subjects	Completed	NCT00481065	Phase 2
26	Characterization of Innate Immune Responses to AS03 Adjuvanted H5N1 Vaccine Compared to Non-adjuvanted H5N1 Vaccine	Completed	NCT01578317	Phase 1, Phase 2
27	A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of H7N9 Influenza Vaccine (AT-501) in Healthy Adult Subjects	Completed	NCT02436928	Phase 1, Phase 2
28	A Phase II Randomized Study of the Safety and Immunogenicity of Vaccination Strategies Using One or Two Clades and Different Schedules of H5N1 Unadjuvanted, Inactivated Subvirion Influenza Vaccines in H5 Naïve Healthy Adults	Completed	NCT00703053	Phase 2
29	A Phase II, Open-label, Multi-Center Study to Evaluate Safety and Immunogenicity of a Booster Dose of -H5N1 (Surface Antigen Adjuvanted With MF59C.1) Influenza Vaccine in Non-elderly Adult and Elderly Subjects	Completed	NCT00561184	Phase 2
30	A Multicenter, Open-Label Study to Assess the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Booster Vaccination With a Recombinant H5N1 Influenza HA Vaccine in Healthy Young Adults Primed With a Two-Vaccination of a Recombinant H5N1 Influenza HA Vaccine	Completed	NCT01195038	Phase 2
31	A Multicenter, Non-Blinded, Dose Escalation Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity, Safety and Optimal Dose of Three Doses Regimen of Recombinant Influenza H5N1 Vaccine, After Two Vaccinations Given 3 Weeks Apart, in Healthy Young Adults.	Completed	NCT00980447	Phase 2
32	A Phase I/II Randomized, Observer-Blinded, Dose-Ranging Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of Monovalent A/Anhui/1/13 (H7N9) Virus-Like Particle (VLP) Avian Influenza Antigen (Recombinant) in Healthy Adults With and Without Matrix-M1™	Completed	NCT02078674	Phase 1, Phase 2
33	Open Label Evaluation of H5N1 Vaccine at Vaccine Manufacturing Facilities	Completed	NCT00311649	Phase 1, Phase 2
34	A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Phase I/II Study of the Safety, Reactogenicity, and Immunogenicity of an Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Derived From A/H5N1/Indonesia/05/05 (Clade 2) in Healthy Adults and Elderly Who Participated in a Previous A/H5N1/Vietnam/1203/2004 (Clade 1) Vaccine Study	Completed	NCT00680069	Phase 1, Phase 2
35	A Phase II Study to Evaluate and Compare the Immunogenicity of Monovalent Inactivated Influenza A/H7N9 Virus Vaccine Administered With and Without AS03 Adjuvant and Monovalent Inactivated Influenza A/H3N2v Virus Vaccine Administered Without Adjuvant in Healthy Adults Through Standard and Systems Biology Analyses	Completed	NCT02921997	Phase 2	AS03
36	A Phase II Study in Healthy Adults 19 Years and Older to Assess the Safety, Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of a Sanofi Pasteur A/H7N9 Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Administered Intramuscularly With or Without AS03 Adjuvant	Completed	NCT03312231	Phase 2	AS03
37	A Phase II Randomized, Partially-Blinded, Controlled Trial in Healthy Adults Aged 65 Years and Older to Assess the Safety, Reactogenicity, and Immunogenicity of an MF59-Adjuvanted, Monovalent Inactivated Influenza A/H7N9 Virus Vaccine Administered Intramuscularly at Different Intervals and Dosages	Completed	NCT02213354	Phase 2	MF59
38	A Phase II Study in Healthy Adults 18-64 Years Old to Assess the Safety, Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of a Seqirus A/H7N9 Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Administered Intramuscularly With or Without MF59(R) Adjuvant	Completed	NCT03682120	Phase 2	MF59 adjuvant
39	A Phase II Study in Healthy Adults (19-64 Years of Age) to Assess the Safety, Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of Sequential or Simultaneous Intramuscular Administration of an AS03-adjuvanted A/H7N9 Inactivated Influenza Vaccine With Seasonal Influenza Vaccine	Completed	NCT03318315	Phase 2	AS03
40	A Phase II, Randomized, Observer-Blind, Multi-Center, Study to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of an Adjuvanted Cell Culture-Derived H5N1 Subunit Influenza Virus Vaccine at Two Different Formulations in Healthy Elderly Subjects.	Completed	NCT01766921	Phase 2
41	Immunogenicity and Safety Study of GSK Biologicals' Monovalent Pandemic H5N1 Vaccine 1557484A in Adults Aged 18 - 64 Years	Completed	NCT01416571	Phase 2
42	A Phase II, Randomized, Observer-Blind, Multi-Center, Study to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of an Adjuvanted Cell Culture-Derived H5N1 Subunit Influenza Virus Vaccine at Two Different Formulations in Healthy Pediatric Subjects.	Completed	NCT01776554	Phase 2
43	A Phase II, Randomized, Observer-Blind,Multi-Center, Study to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of an Adjuvanted Cell Culture-Derived H5N1 Subunit Influenza Virus Vaccine at Two Different Formulations in Healthy Adult Subjects.	Completed	NCT01776541	Phase 2
44	Phase II Study of a Pandemic Influenza Vaccine in Elderly Participants	Completed	NCT00376402	Phase 2
45	Phase II Study of a Pandemic Influenza Vaccine in Children	Completed	NCT00370864	Phase 2
46	A Phase 1/2, Randomized, Open-Label, Study to Assess the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Vaccine Enhancement Patch (VEP) When Administered With Two Doses of Intramuscular Inactivated Influenza H5N1 Vaccine in Healthy Adults	Completed	NCT01353534	Phase 1, Phase 2	Vaccine Enhancement Patch
47	A Phase 1/2 Study to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of a Vero Cell-Derived Whole Virus H5N1 Influenza Vaccine in Healthy Infants, Children and Adolescents Aged 6 Months to 17 Years	Completed	NCT01052402	Phase 1, Phase 2
48	Safety and Immunogenicity of an Intramuscular A/H5N1 Inactivated, Split Virion Pandemic Influenza Vaccine in European Children	Completed	NCT00884182	Phase 2
49	A Phase II, Randomized, Controlled, Double-blind, Multi-center, Study to Evaluate Safety and Immunogenicity of Two Doses, Administered Three Weeks Apart, of Two Monovalent H5N1 (Surface Antigen Adjuvanted With MF59C.1) Influenza Vaccines Containing 3.75 µg or 7.5 μg of H5N1 Influenza Antigen, in Non-elderly Adult and Elderly Subjects	Completed	NCT00914771	Phase 2
50	An Open-Label Phase 1/2 Study to Assess the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Single Prime-Boost Vaccination Schedule With a Vero Cell-Derived Whole Virus H5N1 Influenza Vaccine in Healthy Volunteers Aged 18 to 59 Years	Completed	NCT00895544	Phase 1, Phase 2

Search NIH Clinical Center for Avian Influenza

Cochrane evidence based reviews: influenza in birds

Sources

Genetic Tests for Avian Influenza

Sources

Anatomical Context for Avian Influenza

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Avian Influenza:

⁴⁰

Testes, Lung, T Cells, Eye, B Cells, Kidney, Brain

Sources

Publications for Avian Influenza

Articles related to Avian Influenza:

(show top 50) (show all 10455)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	Live poultry market closure and avian influenza A (H7N9) infection in cities of China, 2013-2017: an ecological study. ⁴² ⁶¹	Chen Y...Lu J	32448137	2020
2	Emergence of human avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infections in Wenshan City in Southwest China, 2017. ⁶¹ ⁴²	Jiang L...Li D	32075579	2020
3	A virus precipitation method for concentration & detection of avian influenza viruses from environmental water resources & its possible application in outbreak investigations. ⁶¹ ⁴²	Pawar SD...Mourya DT	32048625	2019
4	Genetic characterization of the first detected human case of low pathogenic avian influenza A/H9N2 in sub-Saharan Africa, Senegal. ⁶¹	Jallow MM...Dia N	32471335	2020
5	Novel pathogenic characteristics of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H7N9: viraemia and extrapulmonary infection. ⁶¹	Wu XX...Li LJ	32267217	2020
6	Mammalian pathogenicity and transmissibility of low pathogenic avian influenza H7N1 and H7N3 viruses isolated from North America in 2018. ⁶¹	Belser JA...Maines TR	32449503	2020
7	An overview of avian influenza in the context of the Australian commercial poultry industry. ⁶¹	Scott A...Toribio JA	32490131	2020
8	First detection of highly pathogenic H5N6 avian influenza virus on the African continent. ⁶¹	Shittu I...Joannis T	32312185	2020
9	Spatial spread and emergence of reassortant H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in Iran. ⁶¹	Abdollahi H...Zecchin B	32348876	2020
10	Active virological surveillance in backyard ducks in Bangladesh: detection of avian influenza and gammacoronaviruses. ⁶¹	Parvin R...Harder T	32271094	2020
11	A within-host mathematical model of H9N2 avian influenza infection and type-I interferon response pathways in chickens. ⁶¹	Xie XT...Greer AL	32407720	2020
12	The fit of codon usage of human-isolated avian influenza A viruses to human. ⁶¹	Luo W...Shen Y	31918040	2020
13	Historical origins and zoonotic potential of avian influenza virus H9N2 in Tunisia revealed by Bayesian analysis and molecular characterization. ⁶¹	Arbi M...Houimel M	32335769	2020
14	Sub-Saharan Africa and Eurasia Ancestry of Reassortant Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N8) Virus, Europe, December 2019. ⁶¹	Swieton E...Terregino C	32568059	2020
15	Risk assessment for recrudescence of avian influenza in caged layer houses following depopulation: the effect of cleansing, disinfection and dismantling of equipment. ⁶¹	Gale P...Kelly L	32051058	2020
16	Dendrigraft poly-L-lysines delivery of DNA vaccine effectively enhances the immunogenic responses against H9N2 avian influenza virus infection in chickens. ⁶¹	Zhao K...Li Z	32305593	2020
17	Ivermectin: a systematic review from antiviral effects to COVID-19 complementary regimen. ⁶¹	Heidary F...Gharebaghi R	32533071	2020
18	Possible therapeutic role of a highly standardized mixture of active compounds derived from cultured Lentinula edodes mycelia (AHCC) in patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus. ⁶¹	Di Pierro F...Cavecchia I	32162896	2020
19	Potential for elimination of SAR-CoV-2 through vaccination as inspired by elimination of multiple influenza viruses through natural pandemics or mass vaccination. ⁶¹	Chen JM...Chen JW	32525587	2020
20	[Practice and thinking of acute respiratory infection surveillance for the response of emerging respiratory diseases in Shanghai]. ⁶¹	Chen J...Wu F	32539259	2020
21	Factors Associated With Fatality Due to Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Infection in China. ⁶¹	Zheng S...Chen Y	31418813	2020
22	Immunostimulant effect of a mixed herbal extract on infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccinated chickens in the context of a co-infection model of avian influenza virus H9N2 and IBDV. ⁶¹	Eladl AH...Elshal MF	32563798	2020
23	De novo transcriptome assembly and data for the blue-winged teal (Spatula discors). ⁶¹	Dolinski AC...Owen JC	32258268	2020
24	Genetic and antigenic characterization of influenza A/H5N1 viruses isolated from patients in Indonesia, 2008-2015. ⁶¹	Pawestri HA...Eggink D	32483655	2020
25	Virus subtype-specific suppression of MAVS aggregation and activation by PB1-F2 protein of influenza A (H7N9) virus. ⁶¹	Cheung PH...Jin DY	32511263	2020
26	A D200N hemagglutinin substitution contributes to antigenic changes and increased replication of avian H9N2 influenza virus. ⁶¹	Song J...Pu J	32456831	2020
27	Pathologic Evaluation of Influenza A H5N8 Infection Outbreaks in Mule Ducks in Bulgaria. ⁶¹	Dinev I...Kanakov D	32550621	2020
28	CD137 costimulation enhances the antiviral activity of Vγ9Vδ2-T cells against influenza virus. ⁶¹	Pei Y...Tu W	32488072	2020
29	Protection of layers and breeders against homologous or heterologous HPAIv by vaccines from Korean national antigen bank. ⁶¹	Kang YM...Kang HM	32523096	2020
30	Swine ANP32A Supports Avian Influenza Virus Polymerase. ⁶¹	Peacock TP...Barclay WS	32269123	2020
31	Development and application of a triplex real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of avian influenza virus, Newcastle disease virus, and duck Tembusu virus. ⁶¹	Zhang X...Yan L	32560692	2020
32	Effect of essential oils on the immune response to some viral vaccines in broiler chickens, with special reference to Newcastle disease virus. ⁶¹	El-Shall NA...Sedeik ME	32475429	2020
33	Livestock and Poultry Production in Nepal and Current Status of Vaccine Development. ⁶¹	Poudel U...Dhakal S	32575369	2020
34	Impact of Dietary Organic Mineral Supplementation on Reproductive Performance, Egg Quality Characteristics, Lipid Oxidation, Ovarian Follicular Development, and Immune Response in Laying Hens Under High Ambient Temperature. ⁶¹	Saleh AA...Ebeid TA	31418151	2020
35	Impact of different rearing systems on growth, carcass traits, oxidative stress biomarkers, and humoral immunity of broilers exposed to heat stress. ⁶¹	Abo Ghanima MM...Eid Abdel-Moneim AM	32475443	2020
36	A ligation and restriction enzyme independent cloning technique: an alternative to conventional methods for cloning hard-to-clone gene segments in the influenza reverse genetics system. ⁶¹	Bhat S...Iqbal M	32576218	2020
37	Effect of a Potential Probiotic Candidate Enterococcus faecalis-1 on Growth Performance, Intestinal Microbiota, and Immune Response of Commercial Broiler Chickens. ⁶¹	Shehata AA...Krueger M	31111440	2020
38	Oral immunization with an attenuated Salmonella Gallinarum encoding the H9N2 hemagglutinin and M2 ectodomain induces protective immune responses against H9N2 infection in chickens. ⁶¹	Hajam IA...Lee JH	32483989	2020
39	Adaption and parallel evolution of human-isolated H5 avian influenza viruses. ⁶¹	He WT...Su S	32007525	2020
40	Global gene expression analysis data of chicken dendritic cells infected with H9N2 avian influenza virus. ⁶¹	Liu Q...Li Y	32300615	2020
41	Efficacy of Neuraminidase Inhibitors against H5N6 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus in a Nonhuman Primate Model. ⁶¹	Nguyen CT...Ogasawara K	32284377	2020
42	Phylogeography and Antigenic Diversity of Low-Pathogenic Avian Influenza H13 and H16 Viruses. ⁶¹	Verhagen JH...Lebarbenchon C	32321814	2020
43	High Prevalence of Avian Influenza Virus Among Wild Waterbirds and Land Birds of Mexico. ⁶¹	Cerda-Armijo C...Gonzalez-Rojas JI	32550613	2020
44	SRSF10 inhibits the polymerase activity and replication of avian influenza virus by regulating the alternative splicing of chicken ANP32A. ⁶¹	Fang A...Yan L	32574681	2020
45	Phenotypic Effects of Substitutions within the Receptor Binding Site of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Virus Observed during Human Infection. ⁶¹	Eggink D...de Vries RP	32321815	2020
46	Seasonal risk of low pathogenic avian influenza virus introductions into free-range layer farms in the Netherlands. ⁶¹	Gonzales JL...Beerens N	32506770	2020
47	Major difference in clinical outcome and replication of a H3N1 avian influenza strain in young pullets and adult layers. ⁶¹	de Wit JJ...Bouwstra R	32064915	2020
48	Development of a colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic strip test using two monoclonal antibodies to detect H7N9 avian influenza virus. ⁶¹	Yang F...Wu H	32034616	2020
49	Regional Transmission and Reassortment of 2.3.4.4b Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) Viruses in Bulgarian Poultry 2017/18. ⁶¹	Venkatesh D...Lewis NS	32492965	2020
50	Prevalence and Diversity of Avian Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Sero-Subtypes in Poultry and Wild Birds in Bangladesh. ⁶¹	Hassan MM...Hoque MA	32492967	2020

Sources

Genes for Avian Influenza

Genes related to Avian Influenza (0 elite genes):

(show all 36)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	FURIN	Furin, Paired Basic Amino Acid Cleaving Enzyme	Protein Coding	14.27	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
2	DDX58	DExD/H-Box Helicase 58	Protein Coding	13.97	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
3	NEU1	Neuraminidase 1	Protein Coding	13.33	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
4	CXCL10	C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 10	Protein Coding	13.07	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
5	IFNA1	Interferon Alpha 1	Protein Coding	13.06	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
6	IL6	Interleukin 6	Protein Coding	12.87	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
7	TMPRSS13	Transmembrane Serine Protease 13	Protein Coding	12.77	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
8	TNF	Tumor Necrosis Factor	Protein Coding	12.63	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
9	CXCL8	C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8	Protein Coding	12.45	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
10	IRF7	Interferon Regulatory Factor 7	Protein Coding	12.33	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
11	PCSK5	Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 5	Protein Coding	12.24	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
12	IVNS1ABP	Influenza Virus NS1A Binding Protein	Protein Coding	12.09	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
13	ISG15	ISG15 Ubiquitin Like Modifier	Protein Coding	12.01	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
14	CCR5	C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 5	Protein Coding	11.71	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
15	STAT2	Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 2	Protein Coding	11.65	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
16	JUN	Jun Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit	Protein Coding	11.59	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
17	SFTPD	Surfactant Protein D	Protein Coding	11.49	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
18	CRK	CRK Proto-Oncogene, Adaptor Protein	Protein Coding	11.31	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
19	PCSK6	Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 6	Protein Coding	11.18	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
20	FASLG	Fas Ligand	Protein Coding	11	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
21	HSP90AA1	Heat Shock Protein 90 Alpha Family Class A Member 1	Protein Coding	10.88	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
22	TNFSF10	TNF Superfamily Member 10	Protein Coding	10.87	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
23	B4GALNT2	Beta-1,4-N-Acetyl-Galactosaminyltransferase 2	Protein Coding	10.84	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
24	SRC	SRC Proto-Oncogene, Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase	Protein Coding	10.84	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
25	TMPRSS11A	Transmembrane Serine Protease 11A	Protein Coding	10.79	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
26	TUFM	Tu Translation Elongation Factor, Mitochondrial	Protein Coding	10.74	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
27	NLRX1	NLR Family Member X1	Protein Coding	10.68	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
28	SCRIB	Scribble Planar Cell Polarity Protein	Protein Coding	10.64	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
29	CASP8	Caspase 8	Protein Coding	10.6	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
30	MAPK8	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8	Protein Coding	10.58	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
31	DLG1	Discs Large MAGUK Scaffold Protein 1	Protein Coding	10.02	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
32	CCR1	C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 1	Protein Coding	9.82	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
33	NOLC1	Nucleolar And Coiled-Body Phosphoprotein 1	Protein Coding	9.54	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
34	HAS1	Hyaluronan Synthase 1	Protein Coding	9.09	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
35	LGALS7B	Galectin 7B	Protein Coding	8.54	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
36	LGALS7	Galectin 7	Protein Coding	8.53	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵

Sources

Variations for Avian Influenza

Sources

Expression for Avian Influenza

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Avian Influenza.

Sources

Pathways for Avian Influenza

Pathways related to Avian Influenza according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 61)

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Innate Immune System ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Immune System ⁶⁵ Neutrophil degranulation ⁶⁵	13.97	TNF STAT2 NEU1 JUN ISG15 IRF7
2	ERK Signaling ⁶³ Show member pathways ILK Signaling ⁶³ MAPK Signaling ⁶³ Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer ⁶³ Rho Family GTPases ⁶³	13.85	TNF STAT2 JUN IL6 FASLG CXCL8
3	PAK Pathway ⁶³ Show member pathways Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C ⁶³ Epithelial Adherens Junctions ⁶³	13.33	TNF JUN IL6 FASLG CXCL8 CXCL10
4	Cytokine Signaling in Immune system ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Signaling by Interleukins ⁶⁵	13.14	TNF STAT2 ISG15 IRF7 IL6 IFNA1
5	PI3K-Akt signaling pathway ³⁶ Show member pathways Human papillomavirus infection ³⁶	13.02	TNF STAT2 ISG15 IL6 IFNA1 FASLG
6	CCR5 Pathway in Macrophages ⁶³ Show member pathways Androgen Signaling ⁶³ Chemokine Signaling ⁶³ Chemokine signaling pathway ³⁶	12.89	STAT2 JUN FASLG CXCL8 CXCL10 CRK
7	Allograft rejection ¹ ³⁶ Show member pathways Antigen processing and presentation ³⁶ Asthma ³⁶ Autoimmune thyroid disease ³⁶ CTL Mediated Apoptosis ⁶³ Graft-versus-host disease ³⁶ Intestinal immune network for IgA production ³⁶ THC Differentiation Pathway ⁶³ Type I diabetes mellitus ³⁶ Viral myocarditis ³⁶	12.87	TNF IL6 IFNA1 FASLG CXCL8
8	Pathways in cancer ³⁶	12.85	STAT2 JUN IL6 IFNA1 FASLG CXCL8
9	Herpes simplex virus 1 infection ³⁶	12.79	TNF STAT2 IRF7 IL6 IFNA1 FASLG
10	Toll-Like receptor Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ Show member pathways IL-1 Family Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ Immune response IL-1 signaling pathway ²² Immune response TLR3 and TLR4 induce TICAM1-specific signaling pathway ²² Inflammasome Activation Pathways ⁶⁴ Mucin expression in CF via TLRs, EGFR signaling pathways ²² NOD-like Receptor Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴	12.76	TNF JUN IRF7 IL6 IFNA1 CXCL8
11	Human cytomegalovirus infection ³⁶ Show member pathways Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection ³⁶ Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection ³⁶	12.65	TNF STAT2 JUN IRF7 IL6 IFNA1
12	T cell receptor signaling pathway ³⁶ Show member pathways PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway in cancer ³⁶ T-Cell antigen Receptor (TCR) Signaling Pathway ¹ T-Cell antigen Receptor (TCR) pathway during Staphylococcus aureus infection ¹	12.64	TNF JUN IL6 CRK CCR5
13	Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNA ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway ³⁶ DEx/H-box helicases activate type I IFN and inflammatory cytokines production ⁶⁵ IkBA variant leads to EDA-ID ⁶⁵ IKBKB deficiency causes SCID ⁶⁵ IKBKG deficiency causes anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency (EDA-ID) (via TLR) ⁶⁵ IRF3 mediated activation of type 1 IFN ⁶⁵ IRF3-mediated induction of type I IFN ⁶⁵ LRR FLII-interacting protein 1 (LRRFIP1) activates type I IFN production ⁶⁵ Regulation by TREX1 ⁶⁵ Regulation of innate immune responses to cytosolic DNA ⁶⁵ RIP-mediated NFkB activation via ZBP1 ⁶⁵ STAT6-mediated induction of chemokines ⁶⁵ STING mediated induction of host immune responses ⁶⁵ TAK1 activates NFkB by phosphorylation and activation of IKKs complex ⁶⁵ TRAF6 mediated NF-kB activation ⁶⁵ ZBP1(DAI) mediated induction of type I IFNs ⁶⁵	12.6	IRF7 IL6 IFNA1 DDX58 CXCL10
14	Interferon gamma signaling ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Interferon Signaling ⁶⁵ Regulation of IFNG signaling ⁶⁵	12.58	STAT2 ISG15 IRF7 IFNA1 DDX58
15	Toll-like Receptor Signaling Pathway ³⁶ ¹ Show member pathways Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) ³⁶ Hepatitis B ³⁶ Hepatitis C ³⁶ Regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway ¹	12.58	TNF STAT2 SFTPD JUN IRF7 IL6
16	NF-kappaB Signaling ⁴	12.52	TNF STAT2 IRF7 IFNA1 FASLG DDX58
17	RIG-I/MDA5 mediated induction of IFN-alpha/beta pathways ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Negative regulators of RIG-I/MDA5 signaling ⁶⁵ NF-kB activation through FADD/RIP-1 pathway mediated by caspase-8 and -10 ⁶⁵ RIG-I-like Receptor Signaling ¹ RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway ³⁶ TRAF3-dependent IRF activation pathway ⁶⁵ TRAF6 mediated IRF7 activation ⁶⁵	12.48	TNF ISG15 IRF7 IFNA1 DDX58 CXCL8
18	Shigellosis ³⁶	12.41	TNF JUN CXCL8 CRK
19	Toll Comparative Pathway ⁶³ Show member pathways IL-1 Pathway ⁶³ Immune response MIF in innate immunity response ²² iNOS Signaling ⁶³ TLR-TRIF Pathway ⁶³	12.37	TNF JUN IL6 CXCL8 CRK
20	IL-17 Family Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ Show member pathways IL17 signaling pathway ¹ IL-17 signaling pathway ³⁶ Interleukin-17 signaling ⁶⁵ Mucin expression in CF via IL-6, IL-17 signaling pathways ²²	12.37	TNF JUN IL6 CXCL8 CXCL10
21	Chemokine Superfamily: Human/Mouse Ligand-Receptor Interactions ⁶⁴ Show member pathways Chemokine receptors bind chemokines ⁶⁵ Viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor ³⁶	12.37	TNF IL6 CXCL8 CXCL10 CCR5
22	Salmonella infection (KEGG) ³⁶	12.34	TNF JUN IL6 CXCL8
23	Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection ³⁶	12.3	TNF JUN IL6 FASLG CXCL8
24	Diseases associated with the TLR signaling cascade ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Diseases of Immune System ⁶⁵ Interleukin-1 Induced Activation of NF-kappa-B ¹ IRAK1 recruits IKK complex ⁶⁵ IRAK1 recruits IKK complex upon TLR7/8 or 9 stimulation ⁶⁵ IRAK4 deficiency (TLR2/4) ⁶⁵ IRAK4 deficiency (TLR5) ⁶⁵ MyD88 deficiency (TLR2/4) ⁶⁵ MyD88 deficiency (TLR5) ⁶⁵ Simplified Depiction of MYD88 Distinct Input-Output Pathway ¹ TLR4 Signaling and Tolerance ¹ Toll-like Receptor Signaling ¹	12.29	TNF JUN IRF7 IL6 CXCL8
25	C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway ³⁶ Show member pathways Pathogen or Damage-activated C-Type Lectin Receptor Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴	12.25	TNF STAT2 JUN IL6
26	Necroptosis ³⁶ Show member pathways Nanoparticle triggered regulated necrosis ¹	12.24	TNF STAT2 IFNA1 FASLG
27	Immune response IFN alpha/beta signaling pathway ²² Show member pathways Cytokine Network ⁶³ Interferon alpha/beta signaling ⁶⁵ Regulation of IFNA signaling ⁶⁵	12.23	TNF STAT2 ISG15 IRF7 IL6 IFNA1
28	Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways ¹	12.21	TNF JUN IL6 CXCL8
29	NOD-like receptor signaling pathway ³⁶	12.17	TNF STAT2 JUN IRF7 IL6 IFNA1
30	Bacterial infections in CF airways ²² Show member pathways IL-1 beta-dependent CFTR expression ²² Immune response Bacterial infections in normal airways ²² Immune response TLR signaling pathways ²²	12.08	TNF SFTPD JUN IL6 FASLG CXCL8
31	Measles ³⁶ Show member pathways Epstein-Barr virus infection ³⁶ Influenza A ³⁶	12.07	TNF STAT2 JUN ISG15 IRF7 IL6
32	Spinal Cord Injury ¹	12.06	TNF IL6 CXCL8 CXCL10
33	Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling ⁶⁵	12.04	TNF IL6 FASLG CXCL8
34	TNF signaling pathway ³⁶	12.03	TNF JUN IL6 CXCL10
35	Senescence and Autophagy in Cancer ¹	12	JUN IRF7 IL6 CXCL8
36	IL27-mediated signaling events ¹ Show member pathways IL12 Signaling Pathway ⁶⁶ Th1 Differentiation ⁶⁴	11.99	TNF STAT2 JUN IL6
37	Yersinia infection ³⁶	11.99	TNF JUN IL6 CXCL8 CRK
38	AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications ³⁶	11.96	TNF JUN IL6 CXCL8
39	Rheumatoid arthritis ³⁶	11.92	TNF JUN IL6 CXCL8
40	Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network ¹	11.82	JUN IL6 CXCL8
41	Pertussis ³⁶	11.81	TNF JUN IL6 CXCL8
42	Calcineurin-regulated NFAT-dependent transcription in lymphocytes ¹ Show member pathways Calcium signaling in the CD4+ TCR pathway ¹	11.8	TNF JUN FASLG CXCL8
43	LPA receptor mediated events ¹	11.72	JUN IL6 CXCL8 CRK
44	Lung fibrosis ¹	11.7	TNF IL6 CXCL8
45	Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling ¹ Show member pathways Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation ²²	11.7	TNF JUN IL6 CXCL8
46	Downstream signaling in naive CD8+ T cells ¹ Show member pathways Ras signaling in the CD4+ TCR pathway ¹	11.68	TNF JUN FASLG
47	Legionellosis ³⁶	11.65	TNF IL6 CXCL8
48	ATF-2 transcription factor network ¹	11.63	JUN IL6 CXCL8
49	Malaria ³⁶	11.58	TNF IL6 CXCL8
50	Photodynamic therapy-induced AP-1 survival signaling. ¹	11.58	TNF JUN IL6 FASLG

Sources

GO Terms for Avian Influenza

Cellular components related to Avian Influenza according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	extracellular space	GO:0005615	9.65	TNF SFTPD PCSK6 PCSK5 IL6 IFNA1
2	membrane raft	GO:0045121	9.46	TNF FURIN FASLG CRK
3	extracellular region	GO:0005576	9.4	TNF SFTPD PCSK6 PCSK5 NEU1 ISG15

Biological processes related to Avian Influenza according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 30)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	GO:0045944	10.16	TNF STAT2 JUN IRF7 IL6 DDX58
2	immune response	GO:0006955	10	TNF IL6 FASLG CXCL8 CXCL10 CCR5
3	inflammatory response	GO:0006954	9.97	TNF IL6 CXCL8 CXCL10 CCR5
4	viral process	GO:0016032	9.95	STAT2 IVNS1ABP ISG15 IRF7 FURIN DDX58
5	cell-cell signaling	GO:0007267	9.94	PCSK5 FASLG CXCL10 CCR5
6	regulation of cell proliferation	GO:0042127	9.92	TNF STAT2 JUN CXCL10
7	cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	GO:0071222	9.85	TNF IL6 CXCL8 CXCL10 CCR5
8	chemokine-mediated signaling pathway	GO:0070098	9.8	CXCL8 CXCL10 CCR5
9	positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	GO:0048661	9.77	TNF JUN IL6
10	protein processing	GO:0016485	9.77	PCSK6 PCSK5 FURIN
11	humoral immune response	GO:0006959	9.76	TNF IL6 IFNA1
12	positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	GO:0043525	9.75	TNF JUN FASLG
13	positive regulation of interleukin-6 production	GO:0032755	9.73	TNF IL6 DDX58
14	type I interferon signaling pathway	GO:0060337	9.73	STAT2 ISG15 IRF7 IFNA1
15	response to virus	GO:0009615	9.72	TNF IVNS1ABP IRF7 DDX58 CXCL10
16	peptide hormone processing	GO:0016486	9.67	PCSK6 PCSK5 FURIN
17	positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response	GO:0150078	9.65	TNF IL6
18	embryonic digestive tract development	GO:0048566	9.65	TNF PCSK5 CXCL8
19	signal peptide processing	GO:0006465	9.64	PCSK5 FURIN
20	secretion by cell	GO:0032940	9.63	PCSK6 FURIN
21	negative regulation of lipid storage	GO:0010888	9.63	TNF IL6
22	defense response	GO:0006952	9.63	TNF STAT2 IFNA1 CXCL8 CXCL10 CCR5
23	necroptotic signaling pathway	GO:0097527	9.61	TNF FASLG
24	negative regulation of macrophage apoptotic process	GO:2000110	9.55	IRF7 CCR5
25	peptide biosynthetic process	GO:0043043	9.54	PCSK5 FURIN
26	regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity	GO:0051004	9.54	PCSK6 PCSK5 FURIN
27	nerve growth factor production	GO:0032902	9.51	PCSK6 FURIN
28	defense response to virus	GO:0051607	9.5	STAT2 ISG15 IRF7 IL6 IFNA1 DDX58
29	nerve growth factor processing	GO:0032455	9.43	PCSK6 PCSK5 FURIN
30	cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	GO:0019221	9.28	TNF STAT2 IL6 IFNA1 FASLG CXCL8

Molecular functions related to Avian Influenza according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	protein binding	GO:0005515	9.93	TNF TMPRSS13 STAT2 SFTPD PCSK6 PCSK5
2	serine-type endopeptidase activity	GO:0004252	9.62	TMPRSS13 PCSK6 PCSK5 FURIN
3	serine-type peptidase activity	GO:0008236	9.46	TMPRSS13 PCSK6 PCSK5 FURIN
4	nerve growth factor binding	GO:0048406	9.26	PCSK6 FURIN
5	cytokine activity	GO:0005125	9.1	TNF IL6 IFNA1 FASLG CXCL8 CXCL10

Sources

Sources for Avian Influenza

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

¹³ diseasecard

¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁵ DISEASES

¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ EFO

¹⁸ ExPASy

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GeneAnalytics

²¹ GeneCards

²² GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²³ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁴ GeneReviews

²⁵ Genetics Home Reference

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HMDB

³¹ HPO

³² ICD10

³³ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁴ ICD9CM

³⁵ IUPHAR

³⁶ KEGG

³⁷ LifeMap

³⁸ LncRNADisease

³⁹ LOVD

⁴⁰ MalaCards

⁴¹ MedGen

⁴² MedlinePlus

⁴³ MeSH

⁴⁴ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁵ MGI

⁴⁶ miR2Disease

⁴⁷ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁸ NCI

⁴⁹ NCIt

⁵⁰ NDF-RT

⁵¹ NIH Clinical Center

⁵² NIH Rare Diseases

⁵³ NINDS

⁵⁴ Novoseek

⁵⁵ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁶ OMIM

⁵⁷ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁸ Orphanet

⁵⁹ PathCards

⁶⁰ PharmGKB

⁶¹ PubMed

⁶² PubMed Health

⁶³ QIAGEN

⁶⁴ R&D Systems

⁶⁵ Reactome

⁶⁶ Sino Biological

⁶⁷ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁶⁹ TGDB

⁷⁰ Tocris

⁷¹ UMLS

⁷² UMLS via Orphanet

⁷³ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁴ Wikipedia