Carcinoid Syndrome disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: CRC006 MIFTS: 57	Carcinoid Syndrome Categories: Cancer diseases, Endocrine diseases, Gastrointestinal diseases, Rare diseases, Respiratory diseases	Data Licensing For inquiries, contact: [email protected]
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Aliases & Classifications for Carcinoid Syndrome

MalaCards integrated aliases for Carcinoid Syndrome:

Name: Carcinoid Syndrome ¹⁹ ⁵⁸ ⁷⁵ ¹⁶ ³¹ ³³

Carcinoid Tumor ¹⁹ ¹⁶ ⁷¹

Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome ⁵⁸ ⁷¹

Carcinoid Tumor No Icd-O Subtype ⁷¹

Carcinoid Tumor Syndrome ¹⁹

Argentaffinoma Syndrome ³³

Carcinoid Tumors ⁴¹

Characteristics:

Age Of Onset:

All ages ⁵⁸

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Cancer diseases
Anatomical: Endocrine diseases Gastrointestinal diseases Respiratory diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

ICD10: ³¹ ³²

Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

Disorders of other endocrine glands

Other endocrine disorders

Carcinoid syndrome

ICD11: ³³

Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases

Endocrine diseases

Endocrine disorders, not elsewhere classified

Carcinoid syndrome

Orphanet: ⁵⁸

Rare endocrine diseases

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Summaries for Carcinoid Syndrome

MedlinePlus: ⁴¹ Carcinoid tumors are rare, slow-growing cancers. They usually start in the lining of the digestive tract or in the lungs. They grow slowly and don't produce symptoms in the early stages. As a result, the average age of people diagnosed with digestive or lung carcinoids is about 60. In later stages the tumors sometimes produce hormones that can cause carcinoid syndrome. The syndrome causes flushing of the face and upper chest, diarrhea, and trouble breathing. Surgery is the main treatment for carcinoid tumors. If they haven't spread to other parts of the body, surgery can cure the cancer.

MalaCards based summary: Carcinoid Syndrome, also known as carcinoid tumor, is related to appendix carcinoid tumor and carcinoid tumors, intestinal. An important gene associated with Carcinoid Syndrome is SDHD (Succinate Dehydrogenase Complex Subunit D), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) and Signal Transduction. The drugs Cyproheptadine and Histamine have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include heart, lung and small intestine, and related phenotypes are night sweats and small intestine carcinoid

Orphanet: ⁵⁸ A rare neoplastic disease characterized by the occurrence of a hormonal syndrome resulting from secretion of humoral factors (including polypeptides, vasoactive amines, and prostaglandins) from a functional neuroendocrine tumor (particularly from the midgut), typically manifesting with increased bowel movements and diarrhea, episodic vasoactive flushes (particularly of the face), hypotension, tachycardia, venous telangiectasia, dyspnea, and bronchospasms, as well as long-term fibrotic changes in the mesentery, retroperitoneum, and of the cardiac valves.

GARD: ¹⁹ Carcinoid syndrome refers to a group of symptoms that are associated with carcinoid tumors (rare, slow-growing tumors that occur most frequently in the gastroinestinal tract or lungs). Affected people may experience skin flushing, abdominal pain, diarrhea, difficulty breathing, rapid heart rate, low blood pressure, skin lesions on the face (telangiectasias), and wheezing. In later stages, Carcinoid syndrome may damage the heart valves. The condition occurs when the carcinoid tumor secretes serotonin or other chemicals into the bloodstream.

Wikipedia: ⁷⁵ Carcinoid syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome comprising the signs and symptoms that occur secondary... more...

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Related Diseases for Carcinoid Syndrome

Diseases related to Carcinoid Syndrome via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 918)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	appendix carcinoid tumor	32.0	SYP ENO2 CHGA
2	carcinoid tumors, intestinal	32.0	SYP SST ENO2 CHGA
3	serotonin syndrome	31.2	SST PYY IFNA2 GHRH CHGA
4	goblet cell carcinoid	31.1	ENO2 CHGA
5	mature teratoma	30.7	SYP ENO2
6	pituitary-dependent cushing's disease	30.7	SST GHRH
7	diarrhea	30.6	SST PYY NTS IFNA2 CALCA
8	meckel diverticulum	30.5	SST CHGA
9	tricuspid valve stenosis	30.4	SST CHGA
10	appendix adenocarcinoma	30.4	SYP CHGA
11	patent foramen ovale	30.3	SST CHGA CALCA
12	pituitary tumors	30.2	SST IGF1
13	pituitary adenoma	30.2	SST IGF1 GHRH CHGA
14	pulmonary valve insufficiency	30.2	SST CHGA
15	neurofibromatosis, type i	30.2	SST SDHD ENO2
16	ampulla of vater benign neoplasm	30.2	SYP SST ENO2 CHGA
17	gastrinoma	30.2	SYP SST CHGA
18	orbital cancer	30.1	SYP ENO2
19	benign ileal neoplasm	30.1	SYP SST CHGA
20	acromegaly	30.1	SST IGF1 GHRH
21	glucagonoma	30.1	SST CHGA
22	malignant teratoma	30.0	SYP ENO2
23	adenoma	30.0	SYP SST IGF1 GHRH CHGA
24	jejunal neoplasm	30.0	SYP ENO2
25	lung oat cell carcinoma	30.0	SYP ENO2 CHGA
26	ectopic cushing syndrome	30.0	SYP SST CHGA CALCA
27	parathyroid adenoma	30.0	SYP CHGA CALCA
28	hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 2	30.0	SST CHGA
29	sclerosing hemangioma	30.0	SYP CHGA
30	prolactinoma	30.0	SST IGF1 CHGA
31	tubular adenocarcinoma	30.0	SYP ENO2 CHGA
32	pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma	30.0	SYP CHGA
33	functioning pituitary adenoma	30.0	SST IGF1 GHRH
34	zollinger-ellison syndrome	30.0	SST NTS GHRH CHGA
35	amenorrhea	30.0	PYY NPY IGF1
36	irritable bowel syndrome	29.9	SST PYY CHGA
37	rectum neuroendocrine neoplasm	29.9	SYP SST
38	middle ear adenoma	29.9	SYP ENO2 CHGA
39	gallbladder disease	29.9	VEGFA SST PYY
40	status epilepticus	29.9	SST NPY ENO2
41	small cell cancer of the lung	29.9	SYP SST ENO2 CHGA CALCA
42	thyroid carcinoma, familial medullary	29.9	SST CHGA CALCA
43	hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia	29.8	SYP SST CHGA
44	intracranial meningioma	29.8	VEGFA SST
45	mediastinal cancer	29.8	SYP ENO2 CHGA
46	leptin deficiency or dysfunction	29.8	PYY NPY IGF1 GHRH
47	lung benign neoplasm	29.8	SYP ENO2 CHGA
48	cauda equina syndrome	29.8	SYP CALCA
49	mccune-albright syndrome	29.7	SST IGF1 GHRH
50	hyperthyroidism	29.7	SST IGF1 CALCA

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Carcinoid Syndrome:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Carcinoid Syndrome

Human phenotypes related to Carcinoid Syndrome:

⁵⁸ ³⁰ (show all 27)

#	Description	HPO Frequency	Orphanet Frequency	HPO Source Accession
1	night sweats ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0030166
2	small intestine carcinoid ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0006722
3	episodic abdominal pain ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0002574
4	intestinal carcinoid ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0006723
5	erythematous plaque ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0025474
6	protracted diarrhea ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0004385
7	nausea and vomiting ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002017
8	elevated hepatic transaminase ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002910
9	asthma ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002099
10	tricuspid regurgitation ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0005180
11	facial telangiectasia ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0007380
12	heart murmur ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0030148
13	palpitations ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0001962
14	epiphora ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0009926
15	chronic noninfectious lymphadenopathy ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002730
16	right ventricular failure ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0001708
17	increased serum serotonin ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0003144
18	bronchospasm ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0025428
19	abnormal b-type natriuretic peptide level ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0031138
20	rhinorrhea ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0031417
21	myopathy ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Very rare (1%)	Very rare (<4-1%)	HP:0003198
22	paraganglioma ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Very rare (1%)	Very rare (<4-1%)	HP:0002668
23	atypical pulmonary carcinoid tumor ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Very rare (1%)	Very rare (<4-1%)	HP:0030446
24	hepatic necrosis ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Very rare (1%)	Very rare (<4-1%)	HP:0002605
25	lack of bowel sounds ⁵⁸ ³⁰	Very rare (1%)	Very rare (<4-1%)	HP:0030145
26	pulmonary carcinoid tumor ⁵⁸		Occasional (29-5%)
27	carcinoid tumor ⁵⁸		Obligate (100%)

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Carcinoid Syndrome:

⁴⁵

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	nervous system	MP:0003631	10.03	CALCA CHGA ENO2 GHRH IGF1 NPY
2	normal	MP:0002873	9.97	CALCA IFNA2 IGF1 NPY PYY SDHD
3	growth/size/body region	MP:0005378	9.65	CHGA ENO2 GHRH IGF1 NPY NTS
4	adipose tissue	MP:0005375	9.63	GHRH IGF1 NPY NTS PYY SST
5	behavior/neurological	MP:0005386	9.32	CALCA ENO2 GHRH NPY NTS PYY

Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Carcinoid Syndrome

Drugs for Carcinoid Syndrome (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 152)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Cyproheptadine

Approved

Phase 3

129-03-3

2913

Histamine

Approved, Investigational

Phase 3

51-45-6

774

Levoleucovorin

Approved, Experimental, Investigational

Phase 2, Phase 3

68538-85-2, 58-05-9, 73951-54-9

149436 6006

Fluorouracil

Approved

Phase 2, Phase 3

51-21-8

3385

Bevacizumab

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2, Phase 3

216974-75-3

135329020

Oxaliplatin

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2, Phase 3

61825-94-3

43805 11947679 6857599

Folic acid

Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved

Phase 2, Phase 3

59-30-3

6037

3-Iodobenzylguanidine

Phase 3

Immunoglobulins, Intravenous

Phase 3

Immunoglobulins

Phase 3

Antibodies, Monoclonal

Phase 3

Antibodies

Phase 3

Mitogens

Phase 3

Immunoglobulin G

Phase 3

Endothelial Growth Factors

Phase 3

Anti-Allergic Agents

Phase 3

Histamine phosphate

Phase 3

51-74-1

134614

Histamine H1 Antagonists

Phase 3

Histamine Antagonists

Phase 3

Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological

Phase 2, Phase 3

Immunosuppressive Agents

Phase 2, Phase 3

Vitamins

Phase 2, Phase 3

Folate

Phase 2, Phase 3

Vitamin B9

Phase 2, Phase 3

Trace Elements

Phase 2, Phase 3

Vitamin B Complex

Phase 2, Phase 3

Antidotes

Phase 2, Phase 3

Micronutrients

Phase 2, Phase 3

Protective Agents

Phase 2, Phase 3

Neurotransmitter Agents

Phase 3

Angiogenesis Inhibitors

Phase 2, Phase 3

5-Hydroxytryptophan

Phase 3

Serotonin Receptor Agonists

Phase 3

Serotonin

Investigational, Nutraceutical

Phase 3

50-67-9

5202

Lactitol

Approved, Investigational

Phase 1, Phase 2

585-86-4

157355

Lenograstim

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2

135968-09-1

Hydroxyurea

Approved

Phase 2

127-07-1

3657

Bortezomib

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2

179324-69-7

387447 93860

Miconazole

Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved

Phase 2

22916-47-8

4189

Clotrimazole

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 2

23593-75-1

2812

Peginterferon alfa-2b

Approved

Phase 2

215647-85-1, 99210-65-8

Gefitinib

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2

184475-35-2

123631

Streptozocin

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2

18883-66-4, 66395-18-4

29327

Sorafenib

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2

284461-73-0

216239

Carboplatin

Approved

Phase 2

41575-94-4

10339178 38904

Thalidomide

Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn

Phase 2

50-35-1

5426

Floxuridine

Approved

Phase 2

50-91-9

5790

Axitinib

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2

319460-85-0

6450551

Racepinephrine

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 2

51-43-4, 329-65-7

838 5816

Everolimus

Approved

Phase 2

159351-69-6

70789204 6442177

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 154)

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	Sandostatin (Octreotide LAR) May Lead to Clinical Improvement Through Receptor Occupation Optimisation A Prospective Interventional Trial of Patients With Neuro-endocrine Tumors With Carcinoid Syndrome Receiving Octreotide LAR	Terminated	NCT04140409	Phase 4	Sandostatin
2	123I-MIBG Scintigraphy in Patients Being Evaluated for Neuroendocrine Tumors	Unknown status	NCT01373736	Phase 3	123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine
3	A Double Blind, Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial Investigating the Efficacy and Safety of Somatuline Depot (Lanreotide) Injection in the Treatment of Carcinoid Syndrome	Completed	NCT00774930	Phase 3	Lanreotide;Placebo
4	A Phase 3, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter, Double-blind Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Telotristat Etiprate (LX1606) in Patients With Carcinoid Syndrome	Completed	NCT02063659	Phase 3	Telotristat etiprate;Placebo
5	A Phase 3, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Group, Multicenter, Double-blind Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Telotristat Etiprate (LX1606) in Patients With Carcinoid Syndrome Not Adequately Controlled by Somatostatin Analog (SSA) Therapy	Completed	NCT01677910	Phase 3	Telotristat etiprate;Placebo-matching telotristat etiprate
6	A Multicenter, Long-term Extension Study to Further Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of Telotristat Etiprate (LX1606)	Completed	NCT02026063	Phase 3	Telotristat etiprate
7	A Randomized, Double-blind Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Phase III Study in Patients With Advanced Carcinoid Tumor Receiving Octreotide Depot and Everolimus 10 mg/Day or Octreotide Depot and Placebo	Completed	NCT00412061	Phase 3	Octreotide;Placebo;Everolimus
8	A Multicenter, Randomized, Blinded Efficacy and Safety Study of Pasireotide LAR vs Octreotide LAR in Patients With Metastatic Carcinoid Tumors Whose Disease-related Symptoms Are Inadequately Controlled by Somatostatin Analogues.	Completed	NCT00690430	Phase 3	Pasireotide;Octreotide
9	A Multicentre, Stratified, Open, Randomized, Comparator-controlled, Parallel-group Phase III Study Comparing Treatment With 177Lu-DOTA0-Tyr3-Octreotate to Octreotide LAR in Patients With Inoperable, Progressive, Somatostatin Receptor Positive Midgut Carcinoid Tumours	Completed	NCT01578239	Phase 3	Octreotide LAR;177Lu-DOTA0-Tyr3-Octreotate
10	Randomized, Double-Blinded Phase III Study of Cabozantinib Versus Placebo in Patients With Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors After Progression on Prior Therapy (CABINET)	Recruiting	NCT03375320	Phase 3	Cabozantinib S-malate
11	Phase III Prospective Randomized Comparison of Depot Octreotide Plus Interferon Alpha Versus Depot Octreotide Plus Bevacizumab (NSC #704865) in Advanced, Poor Prognosis Carcinoid Patients	Active, not recruiting	NCT00569127	Phase 3	Octreotide Acetate
12	Cyproheptadine in Severe COVID-19 : A Unblinded Randomized Trial	Not yet recruiting	NCT04820751	Phase 3	Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride 4 MG
13	A Phase III, Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Open, Parallel Group Comparison of Lanreotide Autogel® (90 and 120 mg) Administered by Deep Subcutaneous Injection Every Four Weeks, With Sandostatin LAR Depot (20 and 30 mg) Administered by Intramuscular Injection, Every Four Weeks for Six Months, in the Treatment of Clinical Symptoms Associated With Carcinoid Syndrome	Terminated	NCT00092287	Phase 3	lanreotide Autogel (somatostatin analogue);Sandostatin long acting release (LAR) Depot (somatostatin analogue)
14	A Pilot Study of FOLFOX in Combination With Bevacizumab in Patients With Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors	Terminated	NCT00227617	Phase 2, Phase 3	5-fluorouracil;leucovorin;oxaliplatin
15	Effect of Oral 5-HTP Intake on Urinary 5-HIAA Excretion	Terminated	NCT00227136	Phase 3	5-Hydroxy-Tryptamine
16	Randomized Phase III Clinical Trial of Lanreotide Combined With Telotristat Ethyl or Placebo for the First-line Treatment in Patients With Advanced Well Differentiated Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumours (siNET) With Highly-functioning Carcinoid Syndrome	Withdrawn	NCT04065165	Phase 3	Telotristat Ethyl;Lanreotide
17	Carcinoid Tumors After Failure of Somatostatin Analogs: a Randomized Phase III of Octreotide Lutate Peptid Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) Versus Interferon α-2b	Withdrawn	NCT01860742	Phase 3	Interferon alpha-2b;177Lu-DOTATATE
18	68Ga-DOTATATE PET Scan Imaging in Patients With Neuroendocrine Tumors	Unknown status	NCT02038738	Phase 1, Phase 2	68Ga-DOTATATE will be given in tracer doses and injected intravenously to image tumors by Positron Emission Tomography.
19	A RANDOMIZED PHASE II DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL OF SUNITINIB VERSUS PLACEBO IN COMBINATION WITH LANREOTIDE IN PATIENTS WITH PROGRESSIVE ADVANCED/METASTATIC MIDGUT CARCINOID TUMORS	Unknown status	NCT01731925	Phase 2	Lanreotide;Placebo (for sunitinib);Sunitinib
20	A Phase Ib, Open-label Study to Evaluate RAD001 as Monotherapy Treatment in Chinese Patients With Advanced Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumor	Unknown status	NCT01175096	Phase 1, Phase 2	RAD001 (everolimus, Afinitor®)
21	A Phase 2 Study Evaluating a Proprietary Amino Acid Based Medical Food (Enterade®) in Patients With Quality of Life Limiting Diarrhea Due to Carcinoid Syndrome and Other Neuroendocrine Tumors (NET).	Completed	NCT03722511	Phase 2
22	A Phase 2, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Ascending, Multidose Study To Determine Safety and Tolerability of Orally Administered LX1606 in Subjects With Symptomatic Carcinoid Syndrome Refractory to Stable-Dose Octreotide Long-Acting Release Depot Therapy	Completed	NCT00853047	Phase 2	Telotristat etiprate;Octreotide LAR Depot;Placebo
23	A Phase 2, Open-Label, Multi-Center, Serial Ascending-Dose, Dose-Finding Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of LX1606 in Subjects With Symptomatic Carcinoid Syndrome	Completed	NCT01104415	Phase 2	Telotristat etiprate
24	Phase II Study of Single Agent Regorafenib in Patients With Advanced/Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT02259725	Phase 2	regorafenib
25	A Phase 2 Study of GW786034 (Pazopanib) in Advanced Low-Grade or Intermediate-Grade Neuroendocrine Carcinoma	Completed	NCT00454363	Phase 2	Pazopanib Hydrochloride
26	A Phase II Clinical and Biologic Study of AMG 706 and Octreotide in Patients With Low-Grade Neuroendocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT00427349	Phase 2	AMG 706;octreotide
27	Study of First-Line Therapy Comprising Leucovorin Calcium, Fluorouracil, and Irinotecan (FOLFIRI) in Patients With Progressive Locally Advanced or Metastatic Duodenal-Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT00416767	Phase 2	fluorouracil;irinotecan hydrochloride;leucovorin calcium
28	Phase II Trial of 2-Fluorouracil Recombinant Alpha-2a-Interferon and Intravenous Hydroxyurea With Filgrastim in Patients With Refractory GI Malignancies Grant Application Title: Parenteral Hydroxyurea: A Modulator in Pancreatic Cancer	Completed	NCT00019474	Phase 2	fluorouracil;hydroxyurea
29	Phase II Study of PS-341 in Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT00017199	Phase 2	bortezomib
30	A Phase II Study of CCI-779 in Metastatic Neuroendocrine Carcinomas	Completed	NCT00093782	Phase 2	temsirolimus
31	Phase II Study Of Bevacizumab And PEG Interferon Alpha-2b (PEG Intron) In Patients With Metastatic, Or Unresectable Carcinoid Tumors	Completed	NCT00055809	Phase 2
32	A Phase II Trial of ZD1839 (Iressa®) in Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT00075439	Phase 2	gefitinib
33	A Pilot Phase I/II Trial of Enteral Wallstents for Colonic Obstruction in the Setting of Malignancy	Completed	NCT00004911	Phase 1, Phase 2
34	A Pilot Phase I/II Trial of Enteral Wallstents for Duodenal Obstruction in the Setting of Malignancy	Completed	NCT00004910	Phase 1, Phase 2
35	A Phase II Study of Protracted Infusional 5-Fluorouracil Plus Alpha Interferon for Advanced Metastatic Carcinoid	Completed	NCT00002470	Phase 2	fluorouracil
36	A Randomised Phase II Study Comparing Capecitabine Plus Streptozocin With or Without Cisplatin Chemotherapy as Treatment for Unresectable or Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT00602082	Phase 2	capecitabine;cisplatin;streptozocin
37	A Phase II Trial of Bay 43-9006 in Progressive Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT00131911	Phase 2	sorafenib tosylate
38	Phase II Trial Of Thalidomide In Patients With Low Grade Neuroendocrine Tumors (Carcinoid and Islet Cell Cancers)	Completed	NCT00027638	Phase 2	thalidomide
39	A Phase 2 Trial of Temsirolimus and Bevacizumab in Patients With Endometrial, Ovarian, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Carcinoid or Islet Cell Cancer	Completed	NCT01010126	Phase 2	Temsirolimus
40	A Phase 2, Multi-Center, Open Label Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Quarfloxin in Patients With Low to Intermediate Grade Neuroendocrine Carcinoma	Completed	NCT00780663	Phase 2	Quarfloxin
41	Phase II Study of Ibrutinib in Advanced Carcinoid and Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT02575300	Phase 2	Ibrutinib
42	A Single Arm, Multicenter Single Stage Phase II Trial of RAD001 as Monotherapy in the Treatment of Metastatic Non Syndromic Neuro-endocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT00688623	Phase 2	Everolimus
43	Safety & Efficacy of 68Ga-DOTA-tyr3-Octreotide PET/CT in Diagnosis, Staging & Measurement of Response to Treatment in Patients With Somatostatin Receptor Positive Tumors: Comparison to Octreoscan Plus High-Resolution, Contrast Enhanced CT.	Completed	NCT01619865	Phase 1, Phase 2	68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT
44	An Open-label, Multicenter, Phase II Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Twice Daily Dosing of SOM230 in Patients With Metastatic Carcinoid Tumors	Completed	NCT00088595	Phase 2	Pasireotide (SOM230)
45	EPO906 Therapy in Patients With Metastatic Carcinoid Tumors and Other Neuroendocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT00050349	Phase 2	EPO906 epothilone B
46	A Phase 1-2 Safety and Efficacy Study of Panzem Nanocrystal Colloidal Dispersion Administered Orally in Combination With rhuMAb VEGF (Bevacizumab) in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Carcinoid Tumors	Completed	NCT00328497	Phase 2	Panzem (2-methoxyestradiol) NCD, Avastin (Bevacizumab)
47	Impact of Ga-68 DOTATOC PET-CT Imaging in Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT02441062	Phase 2	68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT
48	Pilot Study of Intraperitoneal (IP) Therapy With Cisplatin or Carboplatin and Floxuridine (FUdR) as Consolidation for Ovarian and Gastrointestinal Malignancies	Completed	NCT00005049	Phase 2	carboplatin;cisplatin;floxuridine
49	A Multi-Institutional, Phase II Open-Label Study of AMG 479 in Advanced Carcinoid and Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors	Completed	NCT01024387	Phase 2	AMG 479
50	A Phase II Study of Axitinib in Advanced Carcinoid Tumors	Completed	NCT01435122	Phase 2	Axitinib

Search NIH Clinical Center for Carcinoid Syndrome

Inferred drug relations via UMLS ⁷¹ / NDF-RT ⁵⁰ :

Interferon Alfa-2b

Sources

Genetic Tests for Carcinoid Syndrome

Sources

Anatomical Context for Carcinoid Syndrome

Organs/tissues related to Carcinoid Syndrome:

MalaCards : Heart, Lung, Small Intestine, Skin, Liver, Appendix, Lymph Node

Sources

Publications for Carcinoid Syndrome

Articles related to Carcinoid Syndrome:

(show top 50) (show all 8096)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	International trends in pulmonary neuroendocrine cancer studies:a scientometric study. ⁶² ⁴¹	Tanaka H...Del Giglio A	36287436	2022
2	Patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome might have a better prognosis in bronchopulmonary carcinoids with lymph node metastasis received radical surgery: a single-centre retrospective study in the last 22 years in China. ⁴¹	Gao C...Li S	36348311	2022
3	Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes in patients with ovarian strumal carcinoid. ⁴¹	Li S...Yang J	36280824	2022
4	Middle Ear Carcinoid Tumor With External Auditory Canal Extension: A Case Report. ⁶²	Tsetsos N...Vlachtsis K	33470831	2023
5	Does Examined Lymph Node Count Influence Survival in Surgically Resected Early‑stage Pulmonary Typical Carcinoid Tumors? ⁶²	Yang H...Luo L	36413680	2022
6	The utility of near infrared autofluorescence imaging for detecting small bowel carcinoid tumors in comparison to DOTATATE PET: A pilot study. ⁶²	Berber E...Mahajan P	35960603	2022
7	A carcinoid tumor of the middle ear masquerading as a glomus tympanicum presenting with temporal lobe hemorrhage in a 70-year-old woman: Case report and review of the literature. ⁶²	Chang H...Benjamin C	35905789	2022
8	Hedinger Syndrome with Intraoperative Carcinoid Crisis - Understanding the Pathophysiology for a Successful Management. ⁶²	Guerrero-Becerra AF...Giraldo JC	34673518	2022
9	Management of Carcinoid Syndrome and Carcinoid Crisis in the Perioperative Environment. ⁶²	Hubbard JA...Wolfe RC	36273967	2022
10	Sublobar Resection Versus Lobectomy for Early-Stage Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumors ≤3 cm in Size: A SEER Population-Based Study. ⁶²	Xu S...Chen J	33196487	2022
11	Imaging of Lung Cancer Staging. ⁶²	Archer JM...Marom EM	35815631	2022
12	Neuroendocrinology of the lung revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. ⁶²	Kuo CS...Krasnow MA	36469459	2022
13	Toward Personalized Medicine: One Chelator for Imaging and Therapy with Lutetium-177 and Actinium-225. ⁶²	Cieslik P...Comba P	36382991	2022
14	Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy. ⁶²	Hofland J...de Herder WW	36198028	2022
15	Primary testicular neuroendocrine tumor with liver lymph node metastasis: A case report and review of the literature. ⁶²	Xiao T...Feng L	36405286	2022
16	NOL4 is a novel nuclear marker of small cell carcinoma and other neuroendocrine neoplasms. ⁶²	Lee JH...Kim JY	36282054	2022
17	Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting carcinoid with solitary cryptococcosis in the lungs. ⁶²	Takagi H...Suzuki H	36196010	2022
18	Atypical Bronchial Carcinoid Tumor Revealed by Liver Biopsy. ⁶²	Hayoune A...Kouismi H	36475219	2022
19	Strumal Carcinoid Tumor of the Ovary: Report of Rare Occurrence with Review of Literature. ⁶²	Shen LP...Jin L	36359551	2022
20	Volume Doubling Time of Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumors Measured by Computed Tomography. ⁶²	Russ DH...Kane GC	35922364	2022
21	AN INCIDENTALLY DETECTED CASE OF ATYPICAL BRONCHIAL CARCINOID IN STRESS MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SPECT/CT. ⁶²	Bishnoi K...Adhya AK	36195445	2022
22	Atypical pulmonary carcinoid tumor encapsulated by a Staphylococcus aureus infection. ⁶²	Lee SA...Bickel SG	36193652	2022
23	Commentary: Sunlight, lasers, or knives? How to treat typical carcinoid tumors. ⁶²	Mitzman B	36276708	2022
24	Atypical Carcinoid Syndrome in a Patient Presenting With Pericarditis and Supraventricular Tachycardia: A Case Report. ⁶²	Khan Z...Patel N	36381843	2022
25	Carcinoid Tumor of the Cecal Appendix. ⁶²	Salirrosas Roncal OA...Llerena Vasquez C	36447686	2022
26	Commentary: Endobronchial treatment of central airway typical carcinoid tumors: The devil is in the details. ⁶²	Groth SS	36276665	2022
27	The Unusual Suspect of Carcinoid Tumor: Salivary Gland in Airway Anyone? ⁶²	Rakocevic R...Yu DH	36228058	2022
28	Anesthetic Management of Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors: A Case Report. ⁶²	Wiederholt B...Bendure J	36173796	2022
29	Platin‑based chemotherapy does not improve survival in patients with non‑metastatic resected typical carcinoid tumors. ⁶²	Bilgehan Sahin A...Evrensel T	36157316	2022
30	Large-cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung with Carcinoid Syndrome: A Case Report. ⁶²	Yamamoto M...Higashikata T	36198589	2022
31	Small bowel carcinoid tumor causing intestinal ischemia: A case report with review of the literature. ⁶²	Aassouani F...Alaoui Lamrani MY	35936884	2022
32	A Case of Primary Insular Ovarian Carcinoid Tumor with Hyperandrogenism and Carcinoid Heart Disease. ⁶²	Mansour S...Al-Agha R	36181247	2022
33	Carcinoid Heart Disease From a Primary Liver Carcinoid Tumor. ⁶²	Gudino-Gonzalez JC...Garcia-Aguilar J	36299646	2022
34	Repurposed Effect of 177Lu-DOTATATE in the Treatment of Mantle Cell Lymphoma. ⁶²	Elajami MK...Schwartz M	36290871	2022
35	A rare case of poorly differentiated mixed neuroendocrine-nonneuroendocrine tumor of the caecum with long term survival: A case report. ⁶²	Polymeris A...Ioannidis D	36270345	2022
36	Siegfried Oberndorfer (1874-1944) - A "prophet" not recognized in his own land. ⁶²	Paksoy N	35849966	2022
37	Multimodality Imaging of the Neglected Valve: Role of Echocardiography, Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Cardiac Computed Tomography in Pulmonary Stenosis and Regurgitation. ⁶²	Costantini P...Guglielmo M	36286372	2022
38	Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 ⁶²	Singh G...Jialal I	30725665	2022
39	A Case Report of Rare Synchronous Esophageal Malignancies With Dissimilar Histology: Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Small Cell Carcinoma. ⁶²	Sharma RP...Sharma PP	36321021	2022
40	Postoperative inverted intercostal hernia incidentally detected by chest computed tomography in a patient with COVID-19. ⁶²	Peixoto MSBC...Terra RM	35846512	2022
41	Novel scoring system guiding the incorporation of adjuvant RT for neuroendocrine neoplasms treated with surgical resection followed by chemotherapy. ⁶²	Kwon J...Kim BH	36114862	2022
42	Right ventricular failure: a comorbidity or a clinical emergency? ⁶²	Das P...Arumugam S	34826024	2022
43	In patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours, there is no apparent benefit of somatostatin analogues after disease control by peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. ⁶²	Sygula A...Handkiewicz-Junak D	35503379	2022
44	Diagnosis and management of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors: A state-of-the-art. ⁶²	Gonzales-Yovera JG...Concepcion-Urteaga L	36186753	2022
45	Simultaneous pathological findings in biopsy specimens of patients with surgically resected lung carcinoids and their role in survival. ⁶²	Georgakopoulou VE...Spandidos DA	35949610	2022
46	Survival Benefit of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumors. ⁶²	Sobash PT...Karim NA	36230651	2022
47	Sclerosing pneumocytoma with carcinoid tumorlets and neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia. ⁶²	Toro Soto PA...Aranda Lopez FI	36075662	2022
48	Neuroendocrine Tumor Causing Carcinoid Syndrome in the Elderly. ⁶²	Hosna AU...Shah D	36324346	2022
49	Total en bloc spondylectomy for the L5 metastasis of a carcinoid tumor: illustrative case. ⁶²	Jodar CP...Osuna Soto J	36088551	2022
50	Collision lung tumor associating typical carcinoid tumor to sclerosing hemangioma. ⁶²	Mlika M...El Mezni F	35957793	2022

Sources

Genes for Carcinoid Syndrome

Genes related to Carcinoid Syndrome (1 elite genes):

(show all 13)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence	PubMed IDs
1	SDHD	Succinate Dehydrogenase Complex Subunit D	Protein Coding	25	Candidate gene tested ⁵⁸	12007193
2	SST	Somatostatin	Protein Coding	8.13	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
3	CHGA	Chromogranin A	Protein Coding	7.74	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
4	NPY	Neuropeptide Y	Protein Coding	7.58	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
5	NTS	Neurotensin	Protein Coding	7.58	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
6	CALCA	Calcitonin Related Polypeptide Alpha	Protein Coding	7.4	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
7	ENO2	Enolase 2	Protein Coding	7.4	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
8	GHRH	Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone	Protein Coding	7.4	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
9	IFNA2	Interferon Alpha 2	Protein Coding	7.4	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
10	IGF1	Insulin Like Growth Factor 1	Protein Coding	7.4	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
11	PYY	Peptide YY	Protein Coding	7.4	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
12	SYP	Synaptophysin	Protein Coding	7.4	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
13	VEGFA	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A	Protein Coding	7.4	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)

Sources

Variations for Carcinoid Syndrome

Sources

Expression for Carcinoid Syndrome

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Carcinoid Syndrome.

Sources

Pathways for Carcinoid Syndrome

Pathways related to Carcinoid Syndrome according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) ⁶⁶ Show member pathways GPCR ligand binding ⁶⁶ GPCRs, class A rhodopsin-like ⁷⁴ Peptide GPCRs ⁷⁴ Peptide ligand-binding receptors ⁶⁶	12.76	SST PYY NTS NPY GHRH CALCA
2	Signal Transduction ⁶⁶	12.64	VEGFA SST PYY NTS NPY IGF1
3	Neuroscience ³	12.09	SYP NPY ENO2 CALCA
4	Neural Stem Cells and Lineage-specific Markers ⁶⁵	11.03	VEGFA SYP IGF1
5	Sympathetic Nerve Pathway (Neuroeffector Junction) ⁶⁰	10.73	PYY NPY
6	Antipsychotics Pathway (Metabolic Side Effects), Pharmacodynamics ⁶⁰	10.62	PYY NPY

Sources

GO Terms for Carcinoid Syndrome

Cellular components related to Carcinoid Syndrome according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	extracellular region	GO:0005576	10.26	VEGFA SST PYY NTS NPY IGF1
2	extracellular space	GO:0005615	10.16	CALCA CHGA ENO2 GHRH IFNA2 IGF1
3	terminal bouton	GO:0043195	9.56	SYP NPY GHRH CALCA
4	neuronal dense core vesicle	GO:0098992	9.1	SST NPY CHGA CALCA

Biological processes related to Carcinoid Syndrome according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cell-cell signaling	GO:0007267	9.91	SST IFNA2 GHRH CALCA
2	positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway	GO:0043568	9.76	IGF1 GHRH
3	regulation of blood pressure	GO:0008217	9.73	NPY CHGA CALCA
4	negative regulation of neuron death	GO:1901215	9.73	CHGA ENO2 NPY
5	positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein	GO:0042531	9.72	VEGFA IGF1 IFNA2
6	intestinal epithelial cell differentiation	GO:0060575	9.71	PYY NPY
7	response to heat	GO:0009408	9.63	SST IGF1 CALCA
8	feeding behavior	GO:0007631	9.43	PYY NPY CALCA
9	neuropeptide signaling pathway	GO:0007218	9.23	CALCA NPY NTS PYY

Molecular functions related to Carcinoid Syndrome according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	neuropeptide hormone activity	GO:0005184	9.56	PYY NTS NPY GHRH
2	neuropeptide Y receptor binding	GO:0031841	9.46	NPY PYY
3	hormone activity	GO:0005179	9.36	SST PYY NPY IGF1 GHRH CALCA