Clouston Syndrome (ECTD2)

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Disease Ontology 12 DOID:14693 OMIM® 57 129500 OMIM Phenotypic Series 57 PS305100 MeSH 44 D004476 SNOMED-CT 67 54209007 ICD10 via Orphanet 33 Q82.8

UMLS via Orphanet 71 C0162361 Orphanet 58 ORPHA189 MedGen 41 C0162361 SNOMED-CT via HPO 68 11375002 128306009 128602000 193570009 19754005 22066006 231796003 237836003 246622003 247053007 247487009 247546006 249769001 249808002 25159003 254154003 263681008 268251006 278040002 34048007 386806002 397932003 409668002 41446000 422775003 46742003 4830009 49765009 52897009 53148007 56317004 706885006 75789001 81793007 8654005 87065009 9826008 more UMLS 70 C0013575 C0162361

MedlinePlus Genetics : ⁴³ Clouston syndrome is a form of ectodermal dysplasia, a group of about 150 conditions characterized by abnormal development of some or all of the ectodermal structures, which include the skin, hair, nails, teeth, and sweat glands. Specifically, Clouston syndrome is characterized by abnormalities of the hair, nails, and skin, with the teeth and sweat glands being unaffected.In infants with Clouston syndrome, scalp hair is sparse, patchy, and lighter in color than the hair of other family members; it is also fragile and easily broken. By puberty, the hair problems may worsen until all the hair on the scalp is lost (total alopecia). The eyelashes, eyebrows, underarm (axillary) hair, and pubic hair are also sparse or absent.Abnormal growth of fingernails and toenails (nail dystrophy) is also characteristic of Clouston syndrome. The nails may appear white in the first years of life. They grow slowly and gradually become thick and misshapen. In some people with Clouston syndrome, nail dystrophy is the most noticeable feature of the disorder.Many people with Clouston syndrome have thick skin on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet (palmoplantar hyperkeratosis); areas of the skin, especially over the joints, that are darker in color than the surrounding skin (hyperpigmentation); and widened and rounded tips of the fingers (clubbing).

MalaCards based summary : Clouston Syndrome, also known as ectodermal dysplasia 2, clouston type, is related to cleft lip/palate-ectodermal dysplasia syndrome and keratosis, and has symptoms including photophobia An important gene associated with Clouston Syndrome is GJB6 (Gap Junction Protein Beta 6), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Vesicle-mediated transport and Myometrial Relaxation and Contraction Pathways. The drugs Immunoglobulins and Antibodies have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include skin, eye and heart, and related phenotypes are alopecia and irregular hyperpigmentation

GARD : ²⁰ Clouston syndrome is a form of ectodermal dysplasia that is characterized by abnormalities of the skin, hair and nails. Early signs and symptoms generally begin in infancy and may include nail abnormalities and sparse scalp hair that is wiry, brittle, patchy and pale. Progressive hair loss may lead to total alopecia by puberty. Affected people may also have palmoplantar hyperkeratosis (thick skin on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet), hyperpigmentation of skin (especially over joints) and/or clubbing of the fingers. Clouston syndrome is caused by changes ( mutations ) in the GJB6 gene and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person.

OMIM® : ⁵⁷ The main features of Clouston syndrome are dystrophy of the nails that tend to be hypoplastic and deformed with increased susceptibility to paronychial infections, defects of the hair that range from brittleness and slow growth rate to total alopecia, and moderate to severe palmoplantar hyperkeratosis with reduced keratinocyte desquamation (summary by Kibar et al., 1996). (129500) (Updated 20-May-2021)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot : ⁷² Ectodermal dysplasia 2, Clouston type: A form of ectodermal dysplasia, a heterogeneous group of disorders due to abnormal development of two or more ectodermal structures such as hair, teeth, nails and sweat glands, with or without any additional clinical sign. Each combination of clinical features represents a different type of ectodermal dysplasia. ECTD2 is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by atrichosis, nail hypoplasia and deformities, hyperpigmentation of the skin, normal teeth, normal sweat and sebaceous gland function. Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis is a frequent feature. Hearing impairment has been detected in few cases.

Wikipedia : ⁷³ Clouston's hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is caused by mutations in a connexin gene, GJB6 or connexin-30,... more...

Clinical features from OMIM®:

129500 (Updated 20-May-2021)

Search NIH Clinical Center for Clouston Syndrome

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Clouston Syndrome.