Home
User Guide
What's in a MalaCard Search Guide Our Sources
Analysis Tools
GeneCards GeneAnalytics GeneAlaCart PathCards VarElect TGex
News and Views Disease Lists/Categories
About
About MalaCards Our Publications Weizmann Institute LifeMap Discovery® Terms of Use MalaCards Team
MCID: DPH001
MIFTS: 63

Diphtheria

Categories: Blood diseases, Infectious diseases, Oral diseases, Rare diseases, Skin diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
Sources

Aliases & Classifications for Diphtheria

About this section

MalaCards integrated aliases for Diphtheria:

Name: Diphtheria 12 76 53 59 55 43 3 15 73
Corynebacterium Infections 44 73
Diphtheria, Susceptibility to 13
Corynebacterium Infection 12

Characteristics:

Orphanet epidemiological data:

59
diphtheria
Prevalence: <1/1000000 (Europe); Age of onset: All ages; Age of death: any age;

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Infectious diseases
Anatomical: Skin diseases Oral diseases Blood diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 34 33
Orphanet: 59  
Rare infectious diseases


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:11405
MeSH 44 D003354
Orphanet 59 ORPHA1679
ICD10 via Orphanet 34 A36.1 A36.2 A36.3 more
MESH via Orphanet 45 D004165
UMLS via Orphanet 74 C0012546
ICD10 33 A36 A36.9
Sources

Summaries for Diphtheria

About this section
MedlinePlus : 43 Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection. You can catch it from a person who has the infection and coughs or sneezes. You can also get infected by coming in contact with an object, such as a toy, that has bacteria on it. Diphtheria usually affects the nose and throat. Symptoms include Sore throat Swollen glands in the neck Fever Weakness Your doctor will diagnose it based on your signs and symptoms and a lab test. Getting treatment for diphtheria quickly is important. If your doctor suspects that you have it, you'll start treatment before the lab tests come back. Treatment is with antibiotics. The diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus vaccine can prevent diphtheria, but its protection does not last forever. Children need another dose, or booster, at about age 12. Then, as adults, they should get a booster every 10 years. Diphtheria is very rare in the United States because of the vaccine. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

MalaCards based summary : Diphtheria, also known as corynebacterium infections, is related to tetanus and leukemia, acute myeloid, and has symptoms including fever, pruritus and tinnitus. An important gene associated with Diphtheria is HBEGF (Heparin Binding EGF Like Growth Factor), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Innate Immune System and ERK Signaling. The drugs Natalizumab and Edetic Acid have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include heart, skin and kidney, and related phenotypes are Increased viability with SS1P at EC90 and growth/size/body region

Disease Ontology : 12 A primary bacterial infectious disease that is characterized by sore throat, low fever, and an adherent membrane (a pseudomembrane) on the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nasal cavity. A milder form of diphtheria can be restricted to the skin. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, an aerobic Gram-positive bacterium. Diphtheria toxin spreads through the bloodstream and can lead to potentially life-threatening complications that affect other organs of the body, such as the heart and kidneys.

CDC : 3 Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Diphtheria causes a thick covering in the back of the throat. It can lead to difficulty breathing, heart failure, paralysis, and even death. Vaccines are recommended for infants, children, teens and adults to prevent diphtheria.

Wikipedia : 76 Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Signs and symptoms may... more...

Sources

Related Diseases for Diphtheria

About this section

Diseases related to Diphtheria via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 203)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 tetanus 31.1 IL13 IL2 IL2RA
2 leukemia, acute myeloid 29.9 CSF2 IL2 IL3 IL3RA PARP1
3 malaria 28.8 CSF2 IL13 IL2 IL2RB PLAUR
4 cutaneous diphtheria 12.6
5 granulomatous lobular mastitis 11.1
6 pseudomembranous conjunctivitis 11.1
7 diphtheritic peritonitis 11.1
8 specific antibody deficiency 11.1
9 pertussis 11.0
10 haemophilus influenzae 10.6
11 hepatitis 10.6
12 hepatitis b 10.6
13 poliomyelitis 10.5
14 scarlet fever 10.5
15 measles 10.4
16 croup 10.3
17 leukemia 10.3
18 influenza 10.3
19 mumps 10.2
20 myeloid leukemia 10.2
21 rubella 10.2
22 myocarditis 10.1
23 primary bacterial infectious disease 10.1 EEF2 HBEGF IL2
24 seborrheic infantile dermatitis 10.1 CSF2 IL3
25 endocarditis 10.1
26 pneumonia 10.1
27 virus associated hemophagocytic syndrome 10.1 IL2 IL2RB
28 bladder cancer 10.1
29 hepatitis a 10.1
30 glioblastoma 10.1
31 capillary disease 10.0 CSF2 IL2
32 lymphocytic leukemia 10.0
33 large granular lymphocyte leukemia 10.0 CSF2 IL2RA
34 felty syndrome 10.0 CSF2 IL3
35 mucositis 10.0 CSF2 EGF IL2
36 leukocyte disease 10.0 CSF2 IL2 IL3
37 pancreatic cancer 10.0
38 tonsillitis 10.0
39 erysipelas 10.0
40 melanoma 10.0
41 rheumatoid factor-negative juvenile idiopathic arthritis 9.9 IL2RA IL2RB
42 atopic keratoconjunctivitis 9.9 IL2 IL3
43 mastitis 9.9
44 granulomatous mastitis 9.9
45 pulmonary sarcoidosis 9.9 CSF2 IL2 IL2RA
46 immunodysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, and enteropathy, x-linked 9.9 CD9 IL2 IL2RA
47 recurrent respiratory papillomatosis 9.9 IL13 IL2
48 ovarian cancer 9.9
49 sudden infant death syndrome 9.9
50 leukemia, acute lymphoblastic 9.9

Comorbidity relations with Diphtheria via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN):


Acute Cystitis

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Diphtheria:



Diseases related to Diphtheria
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Diphtheria

About this section

UMLS symptoms related to Diphtheria:


fever, pruritus, tinnitus, snoring, coughing, sore throat, vertigo/dizziness, equilibration disorder

GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Diphtheria according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

26
# Description GenomeRNAi Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 Increased viability with SS1P at EC90 GR00376-A-1 9.02 DNAJC24 DPH1 DPH2 DPH3 FURIN

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Diphtheria:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 growth/size/body region MP:0005378 10.24 CD9 CSF2 DNAJC24 DPH1 DPH3 EEF2
2 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 10.1 CD9 CSF2 DPH1 DPH2 FURIN IL13
3 immune system MP:0005387 10.03 CD9 CSF2 DPH2 EGF FURIN IL13
4 embryo MP:0005380 10.01 CSF2 DNAJC24 DPH1 DPH3 EEF2 FURIN
5 mortality/aging MP:0010768 9.77 CSF2 DNAJC24 DPH1 DPH2 DPH3 EEF2
6 integument MP:0010771 9.76 CSF2 DPH1 EGF FURIN HBEGF IL13
7 respiratory system MP:0005388 9.23 CD9 CSF2 DPH1 HBEGF IL13 IL2
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Diphtheria

About this section

Drugs for Diphtheria (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 195)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Natalizumab Approved, Investigational Phase 4 189261-10-7
2
Edetic Acid Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2 62-33-9, 60-00-4 6049
3
Iron Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2 7439-89-6 23925
4
Pentetic acid Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2 67-43-6
5
Etanercept Approved, Investigational Phase 4 185243-69-0
6
Adalimumab Approved Phase 4 331731-18-1 16219006
7
Ibuprofen Approved Phase 4,Phase 2 15687-27-1 3672
8
Acetaminophen Approved Phase 4,Phase 3 103-90-2 1983
9
Bortezomib Approved, Investigational Phase 4 179324-69-7 387447 93860
10
Levofloxacin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 100986-85-4 149096
11
Ofloxacin Approved Phase 4 82419-36-1 4583
12
Lenalidomide Approved Phase 4 191732-72-6 216326
13
Daratumumab Approved Phase 4 945721-28-8
14 Ixazomib Approved, Investigational Phase 4 1072833-77-2
15
Ritonavir Approved, Investigational Phase 4 155213-67-5 392622
16
Emtricitabine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 143491-57-0 60877
17
Lopinavir Approved Phase 4 192725-17-0 92727
18
Efavirenz Approved, Investigational Phase 4 154598-52-4 64139
19
Lactitol Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2 585-86-4 3871
20
BCG vaccine Investigational Phase 4,Phase 2
21
Tenofovir Experimental, Investigational Phase 4 147127-20-6 464205
22 Vaccines Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
23 Immunologic Factors Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
24 Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
25 Immunoglobulins Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
26 Antibodies Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
27 Protective Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable
28 Anti-Bacterial Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Not Applicable
29 Anti-Infective Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
30 Anti-Ulcer Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1
31 Antacids Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1
32 Adjuvants, Immunologic Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1
33 Gastrointestinal Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1
34 Aluminum phosphate Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2
35 Antidotes Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
36 Diphtheria Antitoxin Phase 4,Phase 3
37 Tetanus Antitoxin Phase 4,Phase 3
38 Antitoxins Phase 4,Phase 3
39 Keyhole-limpet hemocyanin Phase 4,Phase 1
40 Anticoagulants Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
41 Chelating Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
42 Iron Chelating Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
43 Calcium, Dietary Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
44 PENTA Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable
45 Fibrinolytic Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
46 Antirheumatic Agents Phase 4,Phase 2
47 Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein Phase 4
48 MF59 oil emulsion Phase 4,Phase 2
49 Analgesics Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
50 Analgesics, Non-Narcotic Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 582)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 An Immunogenicity and Safety Study of Tetanus, Diphtheria and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Booster Unknown status NCT00870350 Phase 4
2 Vaccination Against Pertussis, Tetanus and Diphtheria in Patients Suffering From Rheumatoid Arthritis Unknown status NCT01301703 Phase 4
3 The Safety and Immunogenicity of Acellular Pertussis Vaccine in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients Unknown status NCT00336115 Phase 4
4 Safety, Long Term Immunogenicity and Lot Consistency Study of Liquid Pentavalent Combination Vaccine Unknown status NCT00877357 Phase 4
5 Diphtheria, Tetanus, Poliomyelitis -Pertussis-Hib Immunisation in Preterm-born Neonates Unknown status NCT02179996 Phase 4
6 Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccination in Pregnancy Unknown status NCT01698346 Phase 4
7 Canadian Manufactured Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoids Adsorbed (Td) Vaccine Compared With U.S. Manufactured Td Completed NCT00601835 Phase 4
8 Immunogenicity and Safety of a Tetanus-diphtheria Vaccine and a 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Completed NCT03552445 Phase 4
9 Immunogenicity and Safety of Concomitant Administration of RotaTeqâ„¢ (V260) and the Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (DTP-IPV) in Healthy Japanese Infants (V260-060) Completed NCT01926015 Phase 4
10 Immune Responses in Adults to Revaccination With ADACEL® 10 Years After a Previous Dose Completed NCT00712959 Phase 4
11 Immunogenicity and Safety Study of a Booster Dose (5th) of Diphteria-Tetanus-Pertussis-Polio Vaccine Completed NCT00514059 Phase 4 Boostrix polio
12 Evaluation of Immunogenicity and Safety of the Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis and Inactivated Poliovirus (DPT-IPV) Vaccine Squarekids Co-administered With GSK Biologicals' Human Rotavirus (HRV) Vaccine Rotarix (GSK444563) in Healthy Infants Completed NCT02907216 Phase 4
13 Immunogenicity of Adacel® and BOOSTRIX® Vaccines in Adolescents Completed NCT01629589 Phase 4
14 Descriptive, Open-label, Multicenter Study of the Safety of Redosing With ADACEL® Vaccine Completed NCT00347958 Phase 4
15 Study of Menactra® in Healthy Subjects at 9 Months and Concomitantly With Pentacel® at 15 to 18 Months of Age Completed NCT01659996 Phase 4
16 Study of Adacel® Vaccine Administered to Persons 10 Years of Age Completed NCT01311557 Phase 4
17 A Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of ADACEL® Vaccine in Persons 65 Years of Age and Older Completed NCT00457249 Phase 4
18 Safety and Immunogenicity in Adults of Revaccination With Adacel® Vaccine 10 Years After a Previous Dose Completed NCT01439165 Phase 4
19 Phase IV Interchangeability Study of a Liquid Pentavalent Combination Vaccine Completed NCT00674908 Phase 4
20 A Phase 4, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of HPV and Tdap When Administered With MenACWY in Adolescents Completed NCT01424644 Phase 4
21 US-licensed Combined Vaccine Against Tetanus & Diphtheria, Given With US-licensed Vaccine Against Meningococcal Disease Completed NCT00282295 Phase 4
22 Post-licensure, Modified Double-blind, Multi-center Study Evaluating Safety and Immunogenicity of ADACEL® and BOOSTRIX® Completed NCT00319553 Phase 4
23 Regulatory Post-Marketing Surveillance Study for TETRAXIMâ„¢ Completed NCT01437423 Phase 4
24 Maternal Flu Vaccine Trial in Bamako, Mali Completed NCT01430689 Phase 4
25 Post-marketing Evaluation of Reactions Following Receipt of Recommended Adolescent Pertussis Vaccine Completed NCT00304265 Phase 4
26 Post Marketing Surveillance for ADACELâ„¢ in South Korea Completed NCT01137435 Phase 4
27 A Trial Evaluating a 7-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Given With Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine (DTaP) in Healthy Japanese Infants. Completed NCT01250756 Phase 4
28 Antibody Persistence to REVAXIS or DT Polio and Immune Response to TETRAVAC-ACELLULAIRE Completed NCT01546909 Phase 4
29 Tdap Vaccine in Post-Partum Women Completed NCT01711645 Phase 4
30 Study of DAPTACEL® Administered as a 5th Dose in 4 to 6-Year-Old Children Previously Immunized With PENTACELâ„¢ Completed NCT00802867 Phase 4
31 Study of Menactra® in US Adolescents When Administered Concomitantly With Tdap Vaccine Completed NCT00777257 Phase 4
32 Randomized Study of Not Giving Diphteria-tetanus-pertussis Vaccination With or After Measles Vaccination Completed NCT00244673 Phase 4
33 Safety and Immunogenicity of Simultaneous Tdap and IIV in Pregnant Women Completed NCT02783170 Phase 4
34 Safety and Immunogenicity Study of a Liquid Pentavalent Combination Vaccine Completed NCT00617812 Phase 4
35 Assessment of the Immunogenicity and Safety of PENTAXIMâ„¢ in Philippines Completed NCT00254917 Phase 4
36 Study to Assess if Quinvaxem Can be Interchanged With Other Pentavalent Vaccines During Standard Childhood Vaccination Completed NCT01357720 Phase 4
37 Immunogenicity & Reactogenicity of Boostrix 10 Years After Previous Booster Vaccination. Completed NCT00610168 Phase 4
38 Immunogenicity and Safety of Two-Dose Series of Menactra® in Japanese Healthy Adult Subjects Completed NCT02591290 Phase 4
39 Immunogenicity & Reactogenicity of Boostrix 10 Years After Previous Booster Vaccination in Study NCT01267058 Completed NCT00548171 Phase 4
40 Concomitant Use of Hepatitis A Vaccine, Inactivated With Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine (Meningococcal Protein Conjugate) and Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed Given to Healthy Children 15 Months of Age (V251-068) Completed NCT00289913 Phase 4
41 Immunogenicity and Safety Study of Infanrix Hexa in Healthy Infants Born to Mothers Vaccinated With Boostrixâ„¢ During Pregnancy or Immediately Post-delivery Completed NCT02422264 Phase 4 Prevnar13
42 Post-Marketing Safety Study of Menactra® in Healthy Children, Adolescents, and Adults in the Philippines Completed NCT01270503 Phase 4
43 Evaluation of Boostrixâ„¢10 Years After Previous Booster Vaccination Completed NCT01147900 Phase 4
44 Immunogenicity and Safety of Booster Dose of BoostrixTM Polio Vaccine in Previously Boosted Adults Completed NCT01323959 Phase 4
45 Immunogenicity and Safety of BoostrixTM Using a New Syringe in 10 to 15-year Old Adolescents Completed NCT01362322 Phase 4
46 Persistence of Immunogenicity of MenACWY Conjugate Vaccine 5 Years After Childhood Vaccination, and Immune Response to a Booster Dose Completed NCT01823536 Phase 4
47 Immunogenicity and Safety of Sanofi Pasteur Pentaxim Combined Vaccine in Infants in Thailand Completed NCT00255021 Phase 4
48 Immunogenicity and Safety Study of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Biologicals' Boostrixâ„¢ Vaccine in Pregnant Women Completed NCT02377349 Phase 4 Saline placebo
49 Tropical Influenza Control Strategies for the Elderly Completed NCT02655874 Phase 4
50 Immunogenicity and Safety of TETRAXIMâ„¢ Given as a Booster Dose at 4 to 6 Years of Age Completed NCT01031303 Phase 4

Search NIH Clinical Center for Diphtheria

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 73 / NDF-RT 51 :


Cochrane evidence based reviews: corynebacterium infections

Sources

Genetic Tests for Diphtheria

About this section
Sources

Anatomical Context for Diphtheria

About this section

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Diphtheria:

41
Heart, Skin, Kidney, Testes, T Cells, Tonsil, Lymph Node
Sources

Publications for Diphtheria

About this section

Articles related to Diphtheria:

(show top 50) (show all 1347)
# Title Authors Year
1
Observational studies of non-specific effects of Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis vaccines in low-income countries: Assessing the potential impact of study characteristics, bias and confounding through meta-regression. ( 30471957 )
2019
2
Seroepidemiology of diphtheria and pertussis in Chongqing, China: serology-based evidence of Bordetella pertussis infection. ( 29408190 )
2018
3
Myocarditis following diphtheria, whole-cell pertussis, and tetanus toxoid vaccination in a young infant. ( 29922028 )
2018
4
A phase I, randomized, controlled, dose-ranging study of investigational acellular pertussis (aP) and reduced tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (TdaP) booster vaccines in adults. ( 29172945 )
2018
5
Safety of repeated doses of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine in adults and adolescents. ( 29862604 )
2018
6
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A165b Restores Normal Glomerular Water Permeability in a Diphtheria-Toxin Mouse Model of Glomerular Injury. ( 29393270 )
2018
7
Effectiveness of Prenatal Tetanus, Diphtheria, Acellular Pertussis Vaccination in the Prevention of Infant Pertussis in the U.S. ( 29910115 )
2018
8
The association between tuberculosis and diphtheria. ( 29665871 )
2018
9
Randomized Controlled Trial of the Safety and Immunogenicity of Revaccination With Tetanus-Diphtheria-Acellular Pertussis Vaccine (Tdap) in Adults 10 Years After a Previous Dose. ( 29438562 )
2018
10
A quality improvement initiative to increase Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis) vaccination coverage among direct health care providers at a children's hospital. ( 29217370 )
2018
11
Pharmacists' Attitudes and Practices Regarding Tetanus, Diphtheria and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccination in Pregnancy and Surrounding Newborns. ( 29693570 )
2018
12
GM-CSF improves the immune response to the diphtheria-component in a multivalent vaccine. ( 29961602 )
2018
13
Carrier study and treatment of close contacts: A must for diphtheria eradication. ( 29735850 )
2018
14
A genetically inactivated two-component acellular pertussis vaccine, alone or combined with tetanus and reduced-dose diphtheria vaccines, in adolescents: a phase 2/3, randomised controlled non-inferiority trial. ( 29066131 )
2018
15
Immunogenicity of diphtheria toxoid and poly(I:C) loaded cationic liposomes after hollow microneedle-mediated intradermal injection in mice. ( 29870743 )
2018
16
Optimal route of diphtheria toxin administration to eliminate native nephron progenitor cells inA vivo for kidney regeneration. ( 29408475 )
2018
17
Diphtheria in Children in Northern Haiti. ( 29688558 )
2018
18
NMR study of mutations of glycine-52 of the catalytic domain of diphtheria toxin. ( 29216588 )
2018
19
Pneumococcal Immune Response in Infants Whose Mothers Received Tetanus, Diphtheria and Acellular Pertussis Vaccination During Pregnancy: ERRATUM. ( 29652740 )
2018
20
Patient attitudes toward influenza and tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis vaccination in pregnancy. ( 29907484 )
2018
21
Development of nanoparticle adjuvants to potentiate the immune response against diphtheria toxoid. ( 29171990 )
2018
22
Treatment of MCPT8<sup>DTR</sup>mice with high- or low-dose diphtheria toxin leads to differential depletion of basophils and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors. ( 29315532 )
2018
23
Cutaneous Diphtheria Mimicking Pyoderma Gangrenosum. ( 29282460 )
2018
24
Diphtheria Outbreak in Amerindian Communities, Wonken, Venezuela, 2016-2017. ( 29912686 )
2018
25
Relationship between patient copayments in Medicare Part D and vaccination claim status for herpes zoster and tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis. ( 29231748 )
2018
26
Immunization of preterms with hexavalent combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated poliovirus-Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine: The position of the Italian Pediatric Society. ( 29880242 )
2018
27
Immunogenicity and safety of the quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine MenACWY-TT co-administered with a combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine versus their separate administration in adolescents and young adults: A phase III, randomized study. ( 29960800 )
2018
28
Lichen planus following tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccination: A case report and review of the literature. ( 29326823 )
2018
29
Cutaneous Diphtheria. ( 29590546 )
2018
30
Cardiac complications in diphtheria and predictors of outcomes. ( 29287886 )
2018
31
Prevention of Pertussis, Tetanus, and Diphtheria with Vaccines in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). ( 29702631 )
2018
32
Immunization of preterm infants with GSK's hexavalent combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated poliovirus-Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine: A review of safety and immunogenicity. ( 29336924 )
2018
33
The preventable tragedy of diphtheria in the 21st century. ( 29871739 )
2018
34
A single booster dose of diphtheria vaccine is effective for travelers regardless of time interval since previous doses. ( 29931363 )
2018
35
Prenatal Tetanus, Diphtheria, Acellular Pertussis Vaccination and Autism Spectrum Disorder. ( 30104424 )
2018
36
Cutaneous diphtheria in a returned traveller. ( 30288824 )
2018
37
Comparison of adverse events following pentavalent and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccines among Nigerian children. ( 28585776 )
2018
38
An isolated outbreak of diphtheria in South Africa, 2015 - Erratum. ( 28669370 )
2018
39
Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a newly developed tri-component diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis vaccine in a murine model. ( 28720318 )
2018
40
Potential Impact of Changes in the Schedule for Primary Diphtheria-Tetanus Toxoids-Pertussis Immunization as Control Strategy for Pertussis. ( 28859017 )
2018
41
Fatal diphtheria myocarditis in a 3-year-old girl-related to late availability and administration of antitoxin? ( 28959916 )
2018
42
Protection against Tetanus and Diphtheria in Europe: The impact of age, gender and country of origin based on data from the MARK-AGE Study. ( 29017961 )
2018
43
Faucial diphtheria. ( 29036706 )
2018
44
Testicular Cell Selective Ablation Using Diphtheria Toxin Receptor Transgenic Mice. ( 29453574 )
2018
45
Immunity against measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, diphtheria, tetanus, polio, hepatitis A and hepatitis B among adult asylum seekers in the Netherlands, 2016. ( 29454516 )
2018
46
Nasal diphtheria (chronic carriage) caused by nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae. ( 29487033 )
2018
47
Changes in MLST profiles and biotypes of Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates from the diphtheria outbreak period to the period of invasive infections caused by nontoxigenic strains in Poland (1950-2016). ( 29523087 )
2018
48
Post-licensure safety surveillance study of routine use of quadrivalent meningococcal diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-D) in infants and children. ( 29550195 )
2018
49
Refining Protein Penetration into the Lipid Bilayer Using Fluorescence Quenching and Molecular Dynamics Simulations: The Case of Diphtheria Toxin Translocation Domain. ( 29550876 )
2018
50
Humoral immunity 10 years after booster immunization with an adolescent and adult formulation combined tetanus, diphtheria, and 5-component acellular pertussis vaccine in the USA. ( 29573876 )
2018
Sources

Variations for Diphtheria

About this section
Sources

Expression for Diphtheria

About this section
Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Diphtheria.
Sources

Pathways for Diphtheria

About this section

Pathways related to Diphtheria according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 43)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Innate Immune System 66
Show member pathways
 13.99 CSF2 EEF2 EGF HBEGF IL13 IL2
2
ERK Signaling 64
Show member pathways
 13.81 CSF2 EGF HBEGF IL13 IL2 IL2RA
3
Metabolism of proteins 66
Show member pathways
 13.75 DNAJC24 DPH1 DPH2 DPH3 DPH7 EEF2
4
Developmental Biology 66
Show member pathways
 13.45 CSF2 EGF FURIN HBEGF IL2 IL2RA
5
Akt Signaling 64
Show member pathways
 13.35 CSF2 EGF IL13 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
6
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system 66
Show member pathways
 13.3 CSF2 EGF HBEGF IL13 IL2 IL2RA
7
Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+ 66
Show member pathways
 13.24 CD9 CSF2 EGF IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
8
PAK Pathway 64
Show member pathways
 13.21 CSF2 EGF HBEGF IL13 IL2 IL2RA
9
p70S6K Signaling 64
Show member pathways
 13 EEF2 EGF HBEGF IL2 IL2RA IL3
10
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway 37
Show member pathways
 12.93 EGF IL2 IL2RA IL2RB IL3 IL3RA
11
Pathways in cancer 37
12.79 EGF IL13 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB IL3
12
Influenza A 37
Show member pathways
 12.74 FURIN IL13 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
13
Th17 cell differentiation 37
Show member pathways
 12.53 IL13 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
14
NF-kappaB Signaling 4
12.49 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB IL3
15
Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection 37
12.37 CSF2 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
16
Immune response IFN alpha/beta signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 12.22 HBEGF IL13 IL2 IL2RA IL3
17
IL-2 Signaling Pathway 1
Show member pathways
 11.99 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
18
G beta-gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma 66
Show member pathways
 11.98 CSF2 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB IL3 IL3RA
19
MAPK Pathway 72
Show member pathways
 11.95 IL13 IL2 IL2RA
20
Immune response IFN gamma signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 11.93 EGF IL13 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB IL3
21
JAK-STAT signaling pathway (KEGG) 37
Show member pathways
 11.92 CSF2 EGF IL13 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
22
IL12-mediated signaling events 1
Show member pathways
 11.9 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
23
Immune response IL-2 activation and signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 11.88 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB IL3 IL3RA
24
Hematopoietic cell lineage 37
11.82 CD9 CSF2 IL2RA IL3 IL3RA
25
Innate Lymphoid Cell Differentiation Pathways 65
11.77 IL13 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
26
Uptake and actions of bacterial toxins 66
Show member pathways
 11.76 CD9 EEF2 FURIN HBEGF
27
Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network 1
11.75 CSF2 IL13 IL2
28
Calcineurin-regulated NFAT-dependent transcription in lymphocytes 1
Show member pathways
 11.73 CSF2 IL2 IL2RA IL3
29
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation Pathways and Lineage-specific Markers 65
11.7 CSF2 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB IL3 IL3RA
30
Dendritic Cells Developmental Lineage Pathway 65
11.69 CSF2 IL2 IL3RA
31
Jak-Stat Signaling Pathway (sino) 67
11.68 EGF IL2 IL2RA IL2RB IL3 IL3RA
32
Microglia Activation During Neuroinflammation: Microglia Polarization 65
11.67 CSF2 IL13 IL2
33
IL2 signaling events mediated by PI3K 1
Show member pathways
 11.64 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
34
Lung fibrosis 1
11.61 CSF2 EGF IL13
35
Downstream signaling in naive CD8+ T cells 1
Show member pathways
 11.59 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
36
Th2 Differentiation Pathway 65
11.44 IL13 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
37
Inflammatory Response Pathway 1
11.29 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
38
IL12 signaling mediated by STAT4 1
11.21 IL13 IL2 IL2RA
39
Gamma carboxylation, hypusine formation and arylsulfatase activation 66
Show member pathways
 11.2 DNAJC24 DPH1 DPH2 DPH3 DPH7 EEF2
40
Cytokines and Inflammatory Response 1
11.17 CSF2 IL13 IL2 IL3
41
Telomere Extension by Telomerase 64
Show member pathways
 11.16 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
42
G-protein signaling_RhoB regulation pathway 22
11.15 CSF2 IL13 IL2 IL3
43
G-protein signaling_Rap2B regulation pathway 22
10.97 CSF2 EGF IL13 IL2 IL3
Sources

GO Terms for Diphtheria

About this section

Cellular components related to Diphtheria according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.86 CD9 CSF2 EGF FURIN HBEGF IL13
2 extracellular region GO:0005576 9.81 CSF2 EEF2 EGF FURIN HBEGF IL13
3 external side of plasma membrane GO:0009897 9.35 CD9 IL13 IL2RA IL2RB IL3RA
4 cell surface GO:0009986 9.1 CD9 FURIN HBEGF IL2RA IL2RB PLAUR

Biological processes related to Diphtheria according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 15)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 positive regulation of cell proliferation GO:0008284 9.91 CSF2 EGF HBEGF IL2 IL3
2 immune response GO:0006955 9.88 CSF2 IL13 IL2 IL2RA IL3
3 regulation of signaling receptor activity GO:0010469 9.85 CSF2 HBEGF IL13 IL2 IL3
4 peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0018108 9.72 CSF2 EGF HBEGF IL3 IL3RA
5 response to ethanol GO:0045471 9.71 EEF2 IL13 IL2
6 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0019221 9.7 CSF2 IL13 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB IL3
7 positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0050731 9.67 EGF HBEGF IL3
8 positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0042531 9.67 CSF2 IL13 IL2 IL3
9 MAPK cascade GO:0000165 9.56 CSF2 EGF HBEGF IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
10 positive regulation of T cell differentiation GO:0045582 9.55 IL2 IL2RA
11 regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation GO:0045589 9.52 IL2 IL2RA
12 negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation GO:0050672 9.43 IL2 IL2RA
13 interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway GO:0038110 9.43 IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
14 regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation GO:0046013 9.4 IL2 IL2RA
15 peptidyl-diphthamide biosynthetic process from peptidyl-histidine GO:0017183 9.02 DNAJC24 DPH1 DPH2 DPH3 DPH7

Molecular functions related to Diphtheria according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cytokine activity GO:0005125 9.67 CSF2 IL13 IL2 IL3
2 growth factor activity GO:0008083 9.55 CSF2 EGF HBEGF IL2 IL3
3 protein tyrosine kinase activity GO:0004713 9.35 CSF2 EGF HBEGF IL3 IL3RA
4 interleukin-2 binding GO:0019976 9.32 IL2RA IL2RB
5 interleukin-2 receptor activity GO:0004911 9.26 IL2RA IL2RB
6 Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity GO:0005088 9.23 CSF2 EGF HBEGF IL2 IL2RA IL2RB
Sources

Sources for Diphtheria

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet
35 ICD9CM
36 IUPHAR
37 KEGG
38 LifeMap
40 LOVD
42 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
54 NINDS
55 Novoseek
57 OMIM
58 OMIM via Orphanet
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
71 TGDB
72 Tocris
73 UMLS
74 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Content
Loading form....