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MCID: DPH001
MIFTS: 59

Diphtheria

Categories: Infectious diseases, Rare diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Diphtheria

About this section

MalaCards integrated aliases for Diphtheria:

Name: Diphtheria 12 73 20 58 54 42 3 15 17 70 32
Corynebacterium Infections 44 70
Corynebacterium Infection 12

Characteristics:

Orphanet epidemiological data:

58
diphtheria
Prevalence: <1/1000000 (Europe); Age of onset: All ages; Age of death: any age;

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Infectious diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32 33
Orphanet: 58  
Rare infectious diseases


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:11405
MeSH 44 D003354
SNOMED-CT 67 397434007
ICD10 32 A36 A36.9
MESH via Orphanet 45 D004165
ICD10 via Orphanet 33 A36.0 A36.1 A36.2 more
UMLS via Orphanet 71 C0012546
Orphanet 58 ORPHA1679
UMLS 70 C0010153 C0012546
Sources

Summaries for Diphtheria

About this section
MedlinePlus : 42 Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection. You can catch it from a person who has the infection and coughs or sneezes. You can also get infected by coming in contact with an object, such as a toy, that has bacteria on it. Diphtheria usually affects the nose and throat. Symptoms include Sore throat Swollen glands in the neck Fever Weakness Your doctor will diagnose it based on your signs and symptoms and a lab test. Getting treatment for diphtheria quickly is important. If your doctor suspects that you have it, you'll start treatment before the lab tests come back. Treatment is with antibiotics. The diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus vaccine can prevent diphtheria, but its protection does not last forever. Children need another dose, or booster, at about age 12. Then, as adults, they should get a booster every 10 years. Diphtheria is very rare in the United States because of the vaccine. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

MalaCards based summary : Diphtheria, also known as corynebacterium infections, is related to tetanus and allergic disease, and has symptoms including fever, pruritus and tinnitus. An important gene associated with Diphtheria is HBEGF (Heparin Binding EGF Like Growth Factor), and among its related pathways/superpathways are ERK Signaling and Developmental Biology. The drugs Lactitol and Iron have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include skin, t cells and liver, and related phenotypes are Increased viability with SS1P at EC90 and growth/size/body region

Disease Ontology : 12 A primary bacterial infectious disease that is characterized by sore throat, low fever, and an adherent membrane (a pseudomembrane) on the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nasal cavity. A milder form of diphtheria can be restricted to the skin. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, an aerobic Gram-positive bacterium. Diphtheria toxin spreads through the bloodstream and can lead to potentially life-threatening complications that affect other organs of the body, such as the heart and kidneys.

CDC : 3 Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Diphtheria causes a thick covering in the back of the throat. It can lead to difficulty breathing, heart failure, paralysis, and even death. CDC recommends vaccines for infants, children, teens and adults to prevent diphtheria.

Wikipedia : 73 Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Signs and symptoms may... more...

Sources

Related Diseases for Diphtheria

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Diseases related to Diphtheria via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 518)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 tetanus 32.1 IL2RA IL2 IL13 CSF2
2 allergic disease 30.6 IL3 IL2 IL13 CSF2
3 leukemia, acute myeloid 30.3 TFRC IL3RA IL3 IL2 EGF CSF2
4 leukemia, acute lymphoblastic 30.2 IL3RA IL3 IL2 CSF2 CD9
5 pollen allergy 30.2 IL3RA IL3 IL13
6 severe combined immunodeficiency 30.1 IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13 CSF2
7 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 30.1 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 CSF2 CD9
8 dermatitis 30.1 IL2RB IL2 IL13 CSF2
9 cystitis 30.1 IL2 HBEGF EGF
10 b-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma 30.0 PARP1 IL3 IL2RA
11 acute leukemia 30.0 IL3RA IL3 IL2 CSF2
12 juvenile rheumatoid arthritis 30.0 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
13 t-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma 29.9 IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
14 tropical spastic paraparesis 29.8 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
15 fungal infectious disease 29.8 IL2 IL13 CSF2
16 human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease 29.8 IL2RA IL2 CSF2 CD9
17 sezary's disease 29.7 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
18 keratoconjunctivitis 29.7 IL3 IL2 IL13
19 hypereosinophilic syndrome 29.6 IL3 IL2RA IL2 IL13 CSF2
20 parasitic protozoa infectious disease 29.6 TFRC IL2 IL13 CSF2
21 hematologic cancer 29.5 IL3RA IL3 IL2RA IL2 CSF2
22 neutropenia 29.5 TFRC IL3 IL2 CSF2
23 dermatitis, atopic 29.4 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13 CSF2
24 immune deficiency disease 29.4 TFRC IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13 FURIN
25 malaria 29.3 TFRC IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13
26 inflammatory bowel disease 29.3 IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13 EGF
27 leukemia, chronic lymphocytic 29.3 TFRC IL3RA IL2RA IL2 CSF2
28 psoriasis 29.2 IL2RA IL2 IL13 HBEGF EGF
29 renal cell carcinoma, nonpapillary 29.2 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13 EGF CSF2
30 rheumatoid arthritis 29.1 TFRC IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13 CSF2
31 combined immunodeficiency 28.9 TFRC IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13
32 cutaneous diphtheria 11.6
33 pertussis 11.2
34 granulomatous lobular mastitis 11.1
35 specific antibody deficiency 10.9
36 poliomyelitis 10.9
37 haemophilus influenzae 10.8
38 measles 10.7
39 hepatitis b 10.6
40 scarlet fever 10.6
41 myocarditis 10.6
42 rubella 10.5
43 mumps 10.5
44 typhoid fever 10.5
45 croup 10.4
46 tonsillitis 10.4
47 cholera 10.4
48 refractory hematologic cancer 10.4 FURIN EEF2
49 virus associated hemophagocytic syndrome 10.4 IL2RB IL2
50 smallpox 10.4

Comorbidity relations with Diphtheria via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN):


Acute Cystitis

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Diphtheria:



Diseases related to Diphtheria
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Diphtheria

About this section

UMLS symptoms related to Diphtheria:


fever; pruritus; tinnitus; snoring; sore throat; coughing; vertigo/dizziness; equilibration disorder

GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Diphtheria according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

26
# Description GenomeRNAi Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 Increased viability with SS1P at EC90 GR00376-A-1 9.02 DNAJC24 DPH1 DPH2 DPH3 FURIN

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Diphtheria:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 growth/size/body region MP:0005378 10.22 CD9 CSF2 DNAJC24 DPH1 DPH3 EEF2
2 embryo MP:0005380 10.07 CSF2 DNAJC24 DPH1 DPH3 EEF2 FURIN
3 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 10.03 CD9 CSF2 DPH1 DPH2 FURIN IL13
4 immune system MP:0005387 9.93 CD9 CSF2 DPH2 EGF FURIN IL13
5 integument MP:0010771 9.61 CSF2 DPH1 EGF FURIN HBEGF IL13
6 mortality/aging MP:0010768 9.53 CD9 CSF2 DNAJC24 DPH1 DPH2 DPH3
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Diphtheria

About this section

Drugs for Diphtheria (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 117)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Lactitol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 585-86-4 157355
2
Iron Approved Phase 4 7439-89-6 23925 29936
3
Pentetic acid Approved Phase 4 67-43-6
4
Edetic Acid Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 62-33-9, 60-00-4 6049
5
Ofloxacin Approved Phase 4 82419-36-1 4583
6
Ixazomib Approved, Investigational Phase 4 1072833-77-2
7
Lenalidomide Approved Phase 4 191732-72-6 216326
8
Daratumumab Approved Phase 4 945721-28-8
9
Bortezomib Approved, Investigational Phase 4 179324-69-7 93860 387447
10
Levofloxacin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 100986-85-4 149096
11
Daclizumab Investigational, Withdrawn Phase 4 152923-56-3
12 Aluminum phosphate Phase 4
13 Gastrointestinal Agents Phase 4
14 Adjuvants, Immunologic Phase 4
15 Antacids Phase 4
16 Anti-Ulcer Agents Phase 4
17 PENTA Phase 4
18 Antitoxins Phase 4
19 Immunosuppressive Agents Phase 4
20 Antidotes Phase 4
21 Protective Agents Phase 4
22 Anticoagulants Phase 4
23 Fibrinolytic Agents Phase 4
24 Antibodies, Monoclonal Phase 4
25 Chelating Agents Phase 4
26 Iron Chelating Agents Phase 4
27 Calcium, Dietary Phase 4
28 Immunologic Factors Phase 4
29 Anti-Infective Agents Phase 4
30 Anti-Bacterial Agents Phase 4
31 Vaccines Phase 4
32 Antibodies Phase 4
33 Immunoglobulins Phase 4
34
Calcium Nutraceutical Phase 4 7440-70-2 271
35
Aluminum hydroxide Approved, Investigational Phase 2, Phase 3 21645-51-2
36
Deferiprone Approved Phase 3 30652-11-0 2972
37
Sodium citrate Approved, Investigational Phase 2, Phase 3 68-04-2
38
Amodiaquine Approved, Investigational Phase 3 86-42-0 2165
39
Pyrimethamine Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 3 58-14-0 4993
40
Sulfadoxine Approved, Investigational Phase 3 2447-57-6 17134
41
Citric acid Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 2, Phase 3 77-92-9 311
42 polysaccharide-K Phase 3
43 Hemagglutinins Phase 3
44 Cathartics Phase 3
45 Laxatives Phase 3
46 Somatomedin B Phase 3
47 taxane Phase 3
48 Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Phase 3
49 Pharmaceutical Solutions Phase 3
50 Citrate Phase 2, Phase 3

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 374)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 An Immunogenicity and Safety Study of Combined Adsorbed Tetanus, Low Dose Diphtheria and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine (Td5ap and Td1aP) Given as a School-leaving Booster to 14-15-year-old Children Primed With a Five Component Acellular Pertussis Vaccine at 3, 5 and 12 Months of Age, and a Booster Dose at 5½ Years of Age Unknown status NCT00870350 Phase 4
2 Open Label Multicentric Randomized Phase IV Post Marketing Safety, Immunogenicity and Lot-to-Lot Consistency Analysis of Shan 5 [DTPwHB-Hib (Liquid) Pentavalent Combination Vaccine] in Indian Infants Unknown status NCT00877357 Phase 4
3 Safety and Immunogenicity of Adult Formulation Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoids Adsorbed Combined With Acellular Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine Following Blood and Morrow Transplantation in Adults Unknown status NCT00336115 Phase 4
4 The Efficacy and Safety of Vaccination Against Pertussis. Tetanus and Diphtheria in Patients Suffering From Rheumatoid Arthritis Unknown status NCT01301703 Phase 4
5 Comparison in US Adolescents of the Safety and Immunogenicity of Two Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccines: ADACELâ„¢ and BOOSTRIX® Completed NCT00319553 Phase 4
6 A Phase IV (Not Interventional), Open-label, Multicentre Study to Evaluate the Reactogenicity and Safety of Co-administration of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals' DTPa (Infanrix) and IPV (Poliorix) Vaccines Administered as Three-dose Primary Immunisation Course at 3, 4.5 and 6 Months of Age in Healthy Children in Russian Federation Completed NCT01094171 Phase 4
7 Evaluation of GSK Biologicals' dTpa Booster Vaccine in Young Adults 10 Years After Previous dTpa Boosting. Completed NCT00610168 Phase 4
8 A Randomised Controlled Trial of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines Synflorix and Prevenar13 in Sequence or Alone in High-risk Indigenous Infants (PREV-IX_COMBO): Immunogenicity, Carriage and Otitis Media Outcomes Completed NCT01174849 Phase 4 Synflorix;Prevenar13;COMBO
9 A Phase 4, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Combined Tetanus, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid, Acellular Pertussis Vaccine (Tdap, Boostrix®) and Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus [Types 6, 11, 16, 18] Recombinant Vaccine (Gardasil®) in Healthy Adolescents When Administered With MenACWY Conjugate Vaccine Completed NCT01424644 Phase 4
10 Immunogenicity and Safety of Canadian Manufactured Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoids Adsorbed (Td) for Adult Use Vaccine Compared With U.S. Manufactured Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoids Adsorbed for Adult Use Vaccine In Persons 60 Years of Age and Older and Immunogenicity and Safety of Canadian Td Vaccine in Persons 11 Through 59 Years of Age Completed NCT00601835 Phase 4
11 Immunogenicity and Safety of Meningococcal (Groups A, C, Y, and W-135) Diphtheria Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine (Menactra®) in Adolescents in the US When Administered Concomitantly With Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed (Tdap Vaccine) Completed NCT00777257 Phase 4
12 Safety & Immunogenicity of a Booster Dose of dTPa Vaccine (Boostrix®) Co-admnd. With Aventis Pasteur's Meningococcal (Serogroups A, C, Y and W-135) Polysaccharide Vaccine (Menactraâ„¢) vs Admn. of Either Vaccine Alone in Healthy Adolescents Completed NCT00282295 Phase 4
13 A Phase IV, Single-blind, Randomized, Controlled, Monocentric Study to Assess the Interchangeability of Quinvaxem (DTwP-HepB-Hib) as the 2nd and 3rd Dose After Initial Vaccination With Tritanrix HB+Hib (DTwP-HepB/Hib) With Respect to Safety and Immunogenicity in Healthy Infants at 6, 10 and 14 Weeks of Age Completed NCT01357720 Phase 4
14 A Single Blind, Multicentric, Comparative, Vaccine Interchangeability Trial of Shan 5 (Liquid) and Easy Five (Liquid) [Diphtheria-Tetanus- Pertussis, Hepatitis B and Hib Pentavalent Combination Vaccines] in Indian Infants. Completed NCT00674908 Phase 4
15 Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) Schedules for the Northern Territory (NT): Randomised Controlled Trial of Booster Vaccines to Broaden and Strengthen Protection From Invasive and Mucosal Infections. Completed NCT01735084 Phase 4
16 Regulatory Post-Marketing Surveillance (PMS) Study for TETRAXIMâ„¢(Combined Vaccine of Adsorbed Diphtheria, Tetanus, Acellular Pertussis and Enhanced Inactivated Poliomyelitis) Completed NCT01437423 Phase 4
17 Immunogenicity and Safety Study of a Booster Dose of GSK Biologicals' Infanrix Hexaâ„¢ (217744) in Healthy Infants Born to Mothers Vaccinated With Boostrixâ„¢ During Pregnancy or Immediately Post-delivery Completed NCT02853929 Phase 4
18 An Open, Multicentric, Post-marketing Surveillance Study to Assess the Safety and Reactogenicity of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals' DTPa-IPV/Hib Vaccine Administered at 3, 4, 5 and 18 Months of Age, in Healthy Infants. Completed NCT00325156 Phase 4
19 Immunogenicity and Safety of Sanofi Pasteur Pentaxim Combined Vaccine in Infants in Thailand Completed NCT00255021 Phase 4
20 Assessment of the Immunogenicity and Safety of PENTAXIMâ„¢ in Philippines Completed NCT00254917 Phase 4
21 Regulatory Post-Marketing Surveillance (PMS) Study for ADACELâ„¢ (Adsorbed Diphtheria, Tetanus Toxoids and Component Pertussis Combined Vaccine for Adult) Completed NCT01137435 Phase 4
22 Immunogenicity and Safety Study of GSK Biologicals' dTpa Vaccine, Boostrixâ„¢ (263855) in Pregnant Women Completed NCT02377349 Phase 4 Saline placebo
23 Safety of the DTacP-IPV//PRP~T Combined Vaccine (PENTAXIM®) Given as a Three-Dose Primary Vaccination at 2, 3, and 4 Months of Age in Infants in China Completed NCT01491087 Phase 4
24 Immunogenicity and Safety of the Sanofi Pasteur's DTacP-IPV Combined Vaccine (TETRAXIMâ„¢) Given as a Booster Dose at 4 to 6 Years of Life in Children Previously Vaccinated With PENTAXIMâ„¢ in the Study E2I34 Completed NCT01031303 Phase 4
25 An Open Label Multicentric Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of Indigenously Developed DTPwHB-Hib (Liquid) Pentavalent Combination Vaccine (Shan 5) in Indian Infants. Completed NCT00617812 Phase 4
26 Antibody Persistence in 11 to 13-year-old Children Previously Vaccinated at 6 Years Old With Either REVAXIS or DT Polio, and Immune Response to a Booster Dose of TETRAVAC-ACELLULAIRE Completed NCT01546909 Phase 4
27 Safety and Immunogenicity of DAPTACEL® (CP10/5/5/3DT Aventis Pasteur 5-component Pertussis Vaccine in Combination With Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoids Adsorbed) Administered as a 5th Dose in 4 to 6-Year-Old Children Previously Immunized With PENTACELâ„¢ (HCP20/20/5/3DT-mIPV//PRP-T) Completed NCT00802867 Phase 4
28 Immunogenicity and Safety Study of GSK Biologicals' Boostrixâ„¢ Vaccine Using a New Syringe Presentation in Healthy Adolescents Aged 10-15 Years Completed NCT01362322 Phase 4
29 Phase IV, Open Label Trial to Evaluate Immunogenicity of Tdap Vaccine in Post-Partum Women to Optimize Vaccination Schedule for Women Who May Have a Subsequent Child Completed NCT01711645 Phase 4
30 Open Clinical Study to Assess the Immune Response and Safety of a Booster Dose (5th Dose) of a Combination Vaccine Against Diphteria-Tetanus-Pertussis-Polio Given to Healthy Adolescents 15-16 Years of Age. Completed NCT00514059 Phase 4 Boostrix polio
31 Safety Among Adolescents and Adults of Revaccination With Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed (Adacel®) 4 to 5 Years After a Previous Dose Completed NCT00347958 Phase 4
32 Postmarketing Surveillance Study for Use of Meningococcal (Groups A, C, Y and W-135) Polysaccharide Diphtheria Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine (Menactra®) in the Republic of Korea Completed NCT02864927 Phase 4
33 A Prospective, Randomized, Open-label Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of Simultaneous vs Sequential Administration of Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine and Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Pregnant Women - Pilot Completed NCT02783170 Phase 4
34 Reactogenicity of Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Booster in Adolescents Who Have Received 5 Prior Doses of BIKEN Acellular Pertussis Vaccine in Combination With Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids (TRIPEDIA®) or Who Have Received Primary Vaccination With 3 Doses of Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccine, Plus at Least 1 Pertussis Booster Vaccination Completed NCT00304265 Phase 4
35 Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Observer-Blind Trial to Measure the Efficacy, Safety and Immunogenicity of Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine and the Safety and Immunogenicity of Quadrivalent Meningococcal Polysaccharide Diphtheria Conjugate Vaccine in Pregnant Malian Women and Their Infants up to 6 Months of Age Completed NCT01430689 Phase 4
36 Post-marketing, Randomized, Open-label Study to Assess the Immunogenicity and Safety of Concomitant Administration of V260 and Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (DTP-IPV) in Japanese Healthy Infants Completed NCT01926015 Phase 4
37 Safety and Immunogenicity of Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed (ADACEL®) in Persons ≥65 Years of Age Completed NCT00457249 Phase 4
38 Immunogenicity and Safety of a Tetanus-diphtheria Vaccine and a 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine After Concomitant Vaccination in ≥50-year-old Adults Completed NCT03552445 Phase 4
39 Immunogenicity and Safety of Two-Dose Series of a Meningococcal (Groups A, C, Y and W-135) Polysaccharide Diphtheria Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine (SP284; Menactra®) in Japanese Healthy Adult Subjects Completed NCT02591290 Phase 4
40 An Immunogenicity and Safety Evaluation of Menactra® (Meningococcal [Groups A, C, Y and W-135] Polysaccharide Diphtheria Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine) When Administered to Healthy Subjects at 9 Months and Concomitantly With Pentacel® at 15 to 18 Months of Age. Completed NCT01659996 Phase 4
41 Immunogenicity and Safety of the Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis and Inactivated Poliovirus (DPT-IPV) Vaccine Squarekids Co-administered With GSK Biologicals' Human Rotavirus (HRV) Vaccine Rotarix (GSK444563) in Healthy Infants Completed NCT02907216 Phase 4
42 Immunogenicity and Safety Study of GSK Biologicals' Combined Diphtheria-tetanus-acellular Pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated Polio-virus and Haemophilus Influenzae Type b Vaccine (Infanrix Hexaâ„¢) (217744) in Healthy Infants Born to Mothers Vaccinated With Boostrixâ„¢ During Pregnancy or Immediately Post-delivery Completed NCT02422264 Phase 4 Prevnar13
43 Meningococcal (Groups A, C, Y, W-135) Polysaccharide Diphtheria Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine (Menactra®) Post-Marketing Safety Study in Healthy Children (2-11 Years), Adolescents (12-17 Years) and Adults (18-55 Years) in the Philippines Completed NCT01270503 Phase 4
44 Adacel® (TdaP-Tetanus, Diphtheria, Acellular Pertussis) Booster Vaccination of Acellular Pertussis Vaccine-primed Individuals for Cell Mediated Immunity Assay Development Completed NCT04543669 Phase 4
45 Immune Responses in Adults to Revaccination With Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed (ADACEL®) 10 Years After a Previous Dose Completed NCT00712959 Phase 4
46 An Open, Randomized, Multicenter Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of VAQTAâ„¢ Given Concomitantly With PedvaxHIBâ„¢ and Infanrixâ„¢ in Healthy Children 15 Months of Age Completed NCT00289913 Phase 4
47 A Phase IV, Open-label, Controlled, Multi-center Study to Evaluate the 5-year Antibody Persistence Among Children Who Previously Received Novartis MenACWY Conjugate Vaccine at 2 to 10 Years of Age and to Assess the Immune Response to a Single Dose of Novartis MenACWY Conjugate Vaccine Completed NCT01823536 Phase 4
48 Immune Response to Neoantigen and Recall Antigen in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients Treated With the IL-2R Alfa Monoclonal Antibody, Daclizumab (Zenapax®) Completed NCT02576145 Phase 4 Daclizumab
49 Study to Assess and Compare the Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals' DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib Vaccine (INFANRIXâ„¢ HEXA) and Aventis Pasteur MSD's DTPa-HBV-IPV-Hib Vaccine (HEXAVACâ„¢) Given at 3, 5 and 11-12 Months of Age Completed NCT01457547 Phase 4
50 A Phase IV Study to Evaluate the Primary and Booster Immune Responses of UK Infants Receiving a Licensed 6-in-1 DTaP/IPV/Hib/HBV Vaccine (Infanrix-HexaTM) With a 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine and Incorporating a Randomisation Study of a Single Dose of 3 Different Meningococcal Group C Conjugate Vaccines at 3 Months of Age Completed NCT01896596 Phase 4

Search NIH Clinical Center for Diphtheria

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 70 / NDF-RT 51 :


Diphtheria Antitoxin
Equine diphtheria antitoxin

Cochrane evidence based reviews: corynebacterium infections

Sources

Genetic Tests for Diphtheria

About this section
Sources

Anatomical Context for Diphtheria

About this section

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Diphtheria:

40
Skin, T Cells, Liver, Bone, Bone Marrow, Kidney, Myeloid
Sources

Publications for Diphtheria

About this section

Articles related to Diphtheria:

(show top 50) (show all 15417)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Spatiotemporal persistence of multiple, diverse clades and toxins of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. 61 42
33686077 2021
2
Primary Cutaneous Diphtheria as a Rare Cause of Infectious Ulceration. 42 61
33637172 2020
3
Triage in the Time of Diphtheria. 42 61
32970569 2020
4
Expression of IL-13Ralpha2 in liver cancer cells and its effect on targeted therapy of liver cancer. 61 54
19916021 2010
5
Active immunization induces toxicity of diphtheria toxin in diphtheria resistant mice--implications for neuroinflammatory models. 54 61
20138048 2010
6
Targeted injury of type II alveolar epithelial cells induces pulmonary fibrosis. 61 54
19850947 2010
7
Intracranial elimination of human glioblastoma brain tumors in nude rats using the bispecific ligand-directed toxin, DTEGF13 and convection enhanced delivery. 61 54
19517064 2009
8
How punctual ablation of regulatory T cells unleashes an autoimmune lesion within the pancreatic islets. 54 61
19818653 2009
9
Development of targeted therapy for ovarian cancer mediated by a plasmid expressing diphtheria toxin under the control of H19 regulatory sequences. 61 54
19656414 2009
10
A Phase II trial of Denileukin Diftitox in patients with previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 61 54
19433964 2009
11
Urine podocyte mRNAs mark progression of renal disease. 54 61
19389856 2009
12
Acetylcholine-induced activation of M3 muscarinic receptors stimulates robust matrix metalloproteinase gene expression in human colon cancer cells. 54 61
19221016 2009
13
Genetically engineering transferrin to improve its in vitro ability to deliver cytotoxins. 61 54
18992290 2009
14
[Fluorescent derivatives of diphtheria toxin subunit B and their interaction with Vero cells]. 61 54
19877418 2009
15
Recombinant immunotoxins containing truncated bacterial toxins for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. 61 54
19344187 2009
16
Recombinant immunotoxins for the treatment of chemoresistant hematologic malignancies. 54 61
19689336 2009
17
Inhibition of adrenocortical carcinoma by diphtheria toxin mutant CRM197. 61 54
19996587 2009
18
A novel hairless mouse model on an atopic dermatitis-prone genetic background generated by receptor-mediated transgenesis. 54 61
18686008 2008
19
Increased expression of the urokinase plasminogen activator system by Helicobacter pylori in gastric epithelial cells. 61 54
18599586 2008
20
Engineered modular recombinant transporters: application of new platform for targeted radiotherapeutic agents to alpha-particle emitting 211 At. 61 54
18722270 2008
21
Optimizing denileukin diftitox (Ontak) therapy. 61 54
18684057 2008
22
De novo maintenance therapy with denileukin diftitox (Ontak) in a patient with peripheral T-cell lymphoma is associated with prolonged remission. 61 54
18383317 2008
23
Genetically designing a more potent antipancreatic cancer agent by simultaneously co-targeting human IL13 and EGF receptors in a mouse xenograft model. 54 61
18222985 2008
24
Dendritic cells are required for effective cross-presentation in the murine liver. 61 54
18213574 2008
25
Anti-glioblastoma effect of a recombinant bispecific cytotoxin cotargeting human IL-13 and EGF receptors in a mouse xenograft model. 61 54
18084721 2008
26
Phase I clinical study of diphtheria toxin-interleukin 3 fusion protein in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplasia. 54 61
18297533 2008
27
Phosphorylation, desensitization and internalization of human alpha1B-adrenoceptors induced by insulin-like growth factor-I. 54 61
17915215 2008
28
Recombinant immunoproapoptotic proteins with furin site can translocate and kill HER2-positive cancer cells. 61 54
18089813 2007
29
Effect of DAB(389)IL-2 immunotoxin on the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats. 61 54
17603081 2007
30
A bispecific recombinant cytotoxin (DTEGF13) targeting human interleukin-13 and epidermal growth factor receptors in a mouse xenograft model of prostate cancer. 61 54
17975161 2007
31
Association between IgG2 and IgG3 subclass responses to toxin A and recurrent Clostridium difficile-associated disease. 54 61
17544998 2007
32
Protective role of macrophages in noninflammatory lung injury caused by selective ablation of alveolar epithelial type II Cells. 61 54
17404282 2007
33
Inhibition of transferrin iron release increases in vitro drug carrier efficacy. 54 61
17239470 2007
34
Endogenous ADP-ribosylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 and its 32 kDa tryptic fragment. 61 54
17665640 2007
35
Denileukin diftitox: a biotherapeutic paradigm shift in the treatment of lymphoid-derived disorders. 54 61
17187516 2007
36
Selective depletion of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells induces a scurfy-like disease. 61 54
17200412 2007
37
A diphtheria toxin receptor deficient in epidermal growth factor-like biological activity. 54 61
17071947 2006
38
Expression of interleukin-3 receptor subunits on defined subpopulations of acute myeloid leukemia blasts predicts the cytotoxicity of diphtheria toxin interleukin-3 fusion protein against malignant progenitors that engraft in immunodeficient mice. 61 54
16882709 2006
39
Human alpha-defensins neutralize toxins of the mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase family. 61 54
16817779 2006
40
Immunotoxins in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. 54 61
17073592 2006
41
Duration of the initial TCR stimulus controls the magnitude but not functionality of the CD8+ T cell response. 54 61
16908626 2006
42
Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells induces features of plaque vulnerability in atherosclerosis. 61 54
16892061 2006
43
Immunotoxins for targeted cancer therapy. 61 54
17025272 2006
44
Fresh frozen plasma and platelet concentrates may increase plasma anti-diphtheria toxin IgG concentrations: Implications for diphtheria fusion protein therapy. 61 54
16645883 2006
45
Endogenous ADP-ribosylation for eukaryotic elongation factor 2: evidence of two different sites and reactions. 61 54
16142694 2006
46
Thyrotoxicosis after denileukin diftitox therapy in patients with mycosis fungoides. 54 61
16595600 2006
47
Regression of extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type with denileukin diftitox (Ontak) and bexarotene (Targretin): report of a case. 61 54
16634908 2006
48
Phase II clinical studies of denileukin diftitox diphtheria toxin fusion protein in patients with previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 54 61
16586495 2006
49
Intracranial therapy of glioblastoma with the fusion protein DTIL13 in immunodeficient mice. 61 54
16358262 2006
50
Immunotoxin pharmacokinetics: a comparison of the anti-glioblastoma bi-specific fusion protein (DTAT13) to DTAT and DTIL13. 54 61
16314943 2006
Sources

Variations for Diphtheria

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Expression for Diphtheria

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Diphtheria.
Sources

Pathways for Diphtheria

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Pathways related to Diphtheria according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 34)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
ERK Signaling 63
Show member pathways
 13.77 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13
2
Developmental Biology 65
Show member pathways
 13.42 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 HBEGF
3
Akt Signaling 63
Show member pathways
 13.34 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13
4
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system 65
Show member pathways
 13.27 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13
5
Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+ 65
Show member pathways
 13.25 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 EGF
6
PAK Pathway 63
Show member pathways
 13.17 TXNRD1 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
7
p70S6K Signaling 63
Show member pathways
 12.97 IL3RA IL3 IL2RA IL2 HBEGF EGF
8
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway 36
Show member pathways
 12.92 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 EGF
9
Pathways in cancer 36
12.7 TXNRD1 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
10
Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection 36
12.27 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 CSF2
11
Immune response IFN alpha/beta signaling pathway 23
Show member pathways
 12.21 IL3 IL2RA IL2 IL13 HBEGF
12
Autophagy Pathway 66
12.2 IL3RA IL2RB IL2RA FURIN
13
G beta-gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma 65
Show member pathways
 11.98 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 CSF2
14
JAK-STAT signaling pathway 36
Show member pathways
 11.96 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13
15
IL12-mediated signaling events 1
Show member pathways
 11.89 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
16
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation Pathways and Lineage-specific Markers 64
11.8 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 CSF2
17
Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network 1
11.74 IL2 IL13 CSF2
18
Innate Lymphoid Cell Differentiation Pathways 64
11.74 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13
19
Uptake and actions of bacterial toxins 65
Show member pathways
 11.73 TXNRD1 HBEGF FURIN EEF2 CD9
20
Calcineurin-regulated NFAT-dependent transcription in lymphocytes 1
Show member pathways
 11.71 IL3 IL2RA IL2 CSF2
21
Dendritic Cells Developmental Lineage Pathway 64
11.69 IL3RA IL2 CSF2
22
Commom Cytokine Receptor G Chain Siganaling Pathway 66
11.67 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
23
IL2 signaling events mediated by PI3K 1
Show member pathways
 11.63 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
24
Hematopoietic cell lineage 36
11.63 TFRC IL3RA IL3 IL2RA CSF2 CD9
25
Lung fibrosis 1
11.6 IL13 EGF CSF2
26
Downstream signaling in naive CD8+ T cells 1
Show member pathways
 11.58 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
27
Th2 Differentiation Pathway 64
11.46 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13
28
IL-15 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types 64
Show member pathways
 11.33 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 CSF2
29
Inflammatory Response Pathway 1
11.28 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
30
Cytokines and Inflammatory Response 1
11.22 IL3 IL2 IL13 CSF2
31
IL12 signaling mediated by STAT4 1
11.2 IL2RA IL2 IL13
32
Gamma carboxylation, hypusine formation and arylsulfatase activation 65
Show member pathways
 11.2 FURIN EEF2 DPH7 DPH3 DPH2 DPH1
33
Telomere Extension by Telomerase 63
Show member pathways
 11.15 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
34
G-protein signaling_Rap2B regulation pathway 23
10.96 IL3 IL2 IL13 EGF CSF2
Sources

GO Terms for Diphtheria

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Cellular components related to Diphtheria according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.91 TFRC IL3 IL2 IL13 HBEGF FURIN
2 extracellular region GO:0005576 9.85 TFRC IL3 IL2 IL13 HBEGF FURIN
3 cell surface GO:0009986 9.8 TFRC IL2RB IL2RA HBEGF FURIN CD9
4 clathrin-coated vesicle membrane GO:0030665 9.54 TFRC HBEGF EGF
5 external side of plasma membrane GO:0009897 9.1 TFRC IL3RA IL2RB IL2RA IL13 CD9
6 interleukin-2 receptor complex GO:0005893 8.96 IL2RB IL2RA

Biological processes related to Diphtheria according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 15)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 positive regulation of cell proliferation GO:0008284 9.93 IL3 IL2 HBEGF EGF CSF2
2 immune response GO:0006955 9.88 IL3 IL2RA IL2 IL13 CSF2
3 positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0050731 9.7 IL3 HBEGF EGF
4 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0019221 9.7 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 IL13
5 positive regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0042102 9.63 TFRC IL2RA IL2
6 positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0042531 9.62 IL3 IL2 IL13 CSF2
7 positive regulation of B cell proliferation GO:0030890 9.58 TFRC IL2 IL13
8 MAPK cascade GO:0000165 9.56 IL3RA IL3 IL2RB IL2RA IL2 HBEGF
9 regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation GO:0045589 9.55 IL2RA IL2
10 positive regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity GO:0045741 9.51 HBEGF EGF
11 macrophage activation GO:0042116 9.49 IL13 CSF2
12 negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation GO:0050672 9.43 IL2RA IL2
13 interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway GO:0038110 9.43 IL2RB IL2RA IL2
14 regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation GO:0046013 9.37 IL2RA IL2
15 peptidyl-diphthamide biosynthetic process from peptidyl-histidine GO:0017183 9.02 DPH7 DPH3 DPH2 DPH1 DNAJC24

Molecular functions related to Diphtheria according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cytokine activity GO:0005125 9.56 IL3 IL2 IL13 CSF2
2 interleukin-2 binding GO:0019976 9.16 IL2RB IL2RA
3 growth factor activity GO:0008083 9.02 IL3 IL2 HBEGF EGF CSF2
4 interleukin-2 receptor activity GO:0004911 8.96 IL2RB IL2RA
Sources

Sources for Diphtheria

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
20 GARD
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 05-Apr-2021)
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 Tocris
70 UMLS
71 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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