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MCID: ENC004
MIFTS: 61

Encephalitis

Categories: Ear diseases, Immune diseases, Infectious diseases, Neuronal diseases, Rare diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Encephalitis

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Encephalitis:

Name: Encephalitis 12 73 53 58 29 54 6 42 44 15 70

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Infectious diseases
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases Ear diseases Immune diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
Orphanet: 58  
Rare neurological diseases


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:9588
MeSH 44 D004660
NCIt 50 C26760
SNOMED-CT 67 267682000
MESH via Orphanet 45 D004660
UMLS via Orphanet 71 C0014038
Orphanet 58 ORPHA97275
UMLS 70 C0014038
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Summaries for Encephalitis

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NINDS : 53 Meningitis is an infection of the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain itself. Anyone can get encephalitis or meningitis. Causes of encephalitis and meningitis include viruses, bacteria, fungus, and parasites. Anyone experiencing symptoms of meningitis or encephalitis should see a doctor immediately. Symptoms of encephalitis that might require emergency treatment include loss of consciousness, seizures, muscle weakness, or sudden severe dementia. Other symptoms include: sudden fever, headache, vomiting, heightened sensitivity to light, stiff neck and back, confusion and impaired judgment, drowsiness, weak muscles, a clumsy and unsteady gait, irritability. In more severe cases, people may have problems with speech or hearing, vision problems, and hallucinations. Symptoms of meningitis, which may appear suddenly, often include: high fever, severe and persistent headache, stiff neck, nausea, sensitivity to bright light, vomiting, and changes in behavior such as confusion, sleepiness, and difficulty waking up. In infants, symptoms of meningitis or encephalitis may include fever, vomiting, lethargy, body stiffness, unexplained irritability, and a full or bulging fontanel (the soft spot on the top of the head).

MalaCards based summary : Encephalitis is related to herpes simplex encephalitis and tick-borne encephalitis, and has symptoms including seizures, tremor and back pain. An important gene associated with Encephalitis is UNC93B1 (Unc-93 Homolog B1, TLR Signaling Regulator), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Innate Immune System and Cytokine Signaling in Immune system. The drugs Lactitol and Dimenhydrinate have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, t cells and bone marrow, and related phenotypes are Decreased viability and Decreased viability

Disease Ontology : 12 A brain disease that is characterized as an acute inflammation of the brain with flu-like symptoms.

MedlinePlus : 42 Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain. Usually the cause is a viral infection, but bacteria can also cause it. It can be mild or severe. Most cases are mild. You may have flu-like symptoms. With a mild case, you may just need rest, plenty of fluids, and a pain reliever. Severe cases need immediate treatment. Symptoms of severe cases include Severe headache Sudden fever Drowsiness Vomiting Confusion Seizures In babies, additional symptoms may include constant crying, poor feeding, body stiffness, and bulging in the soft spots of the skull. Severe cases may require a stay in the hospital. Treatments include oral and intravenous (IV) medicines to reduce inflammation and treat infection. Patients with breathing difficulties may need artificial respiration. Some people may need physical, speech, and occupational therapy once the illness is under control. NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

Wikipedia : 73 Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain. The severity can be variable with symptoms including reduced... more...

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Related Diseases for Encephalitis

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Diseases in the Encephalitis family:

Viral Encephalitis Autoimmune Encephalitis
Chronic Encephalitis Infectious Encephalitis

Diseases related to Encephalitis via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 1414)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 herpes simplex encephalitis 33.2 UNC93B1 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3
2 tick-borne encephalitis 33.1 TLR3 RSAD2 DDX58 CXCL10 CD209 CCR5
3 viral encephalitis 32.9 UNC93B1 TLR3 IL1B CXCL10 CCL5 CCL2
4 venezuelan equine encephalitis 32.7 RPSA PPP1CA DDX3X CXCL10 CCL2
5 japanese encephalitis 32.7 TRIM52 TLR3 SPCS1 RSAD2 IRF3 DDX58
6 west nile virus 32.5 SPCS1 RSAD2 IRF3 DDX58 CLEC4M CD209
7 west nile encephalitis 32.5 CLEC4M CCR5
8 acute necrotizing encephalitis 32.5 UNC93B1 TLR3
9 meningoencephalitis 32.4 IL1B CXCL10 CCL5
10 herpes simplex 32.1 UNC93B1 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3 DDX58
11 aicardi-goutieres syndrome 32.0 UNC93B1 TLR3 RSAD2 IRF3 DDX58 CXCL10
12 rubella 32.0 TLR3 IL1B DDX58
13 zika fever 32.0 TLR3 DDX58 CD209
14 lymphocytic choriomeningitis 31.9 IRF3 DDX58 DDX3X CD209
15 west nile fever 31.9 IRF3 CXCL10 CLEC4M CD209 CCR5
16 influenza 31.9 TLR3 RSAD2 IRF3 IL1B DDX58 CXCL10
17 measles 31.8 TLR3 IRF3 IL1B DDX58 CD209
18 mumps 31.6 TLR3 IL1B CXCL10
19 dengue virus 31.6 SPCS1 RSAD2 RPSA DDX58 CD209
20 rabies 31.5 TLR3 IRF3 DDX58 CXCL10 CCL5
21 disease by infectious agent 31.3 IL1B CLEC4M CD209 CCR5
22 autoimmune disease 31.2 IL1B CXCL10 CCR5 CCL5 CCL2
23 viral meningitis 31.2 CXCL10 CCL5 CCL2
24 west nile virus infection 31.2 IRF3 CCR5
25 optic neuritis 31.1 IL1B CXCL10 CCR5
26 mouth disease 31.1 TLR3 IRF3 DDX58 CD209
27 neuritis 31.1 IL1B CXCL10 CCR5 CCL5 CCL2
28 yellow fever 31.1 SPCS1 RSAD2 IL1B DDX58 CXCL10 CCR5
29 stomatitis 31.1 RSAD2 IL1B DDX58
30 allergic encephalomyelitis 31.1 CCL5 CCL2
31 immune deficiency disease 31.1 IRF3 IL1B CXCL10 CLEC4M CD209 CCR5
32 chikungunya 31.0 RSAD2 IL1B DDX58 CD209 CCL5 CCL2
33 myocarditis 31.0 TLR3 IL1B CCL2 ABCD1
34 hand, foot and mouth disease 31.0 TLR3 DDX58 CD209
35 respiratory failure 31.0 IL1B CXCL10 CCL5 CCL2
36 pertussis 31.0 TICAM1 IL1B CCL5 CCL2
37 pneumonia 30.9 TLR3 IL1B CXCL10 CCL5 CCL2
38 hepatitis a 30.9 TLR3 TICAM1 IL1B
39 demyelinating disease 30.9 IL1B CXCL10 CCL5 CCL2 ABCD1
40 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 30.9 TLR3 IRF3 CXCL10 CLEC4M CD209 CCR5
41 human cytomegalovirus infection 30.9 IRF3 IL1B CCL5
42 q fever 30.9 IL1B CCL5 CCL2
43 newcastle disease 30.8 TLR3 IRF3 DDX58 CXCL10
44 uveitis 30.8 IL1B CXCL10 CCR5 CCL2
45 multiple sclerosis 30.8 TLR3 IL1B CXCL10 CCR5 CCL5 CCL2
46 dengue shock syndrome 30.7 IL1B CLEC4M CD209 CCL2
47 avian influenza 30.7 DDX58 CXCL10 CCR5
48 covid-19 30.6 IL1B CXCL10 CCL2
49 trypanosomiasis 30.6 IL1B CXCL10 CCL2
50 severe acute respiratory syndrome 30.6 TRAF3 IRF3 IL1B DDX58 CXCL10 CLEC4M

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Encephalitis:



Diseases related to Encephalitis
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Encephalitis

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UMLS symptoms related to Encephalitis:


seizures; tremor; back pain; headache; syncope; pain; chronic pain; sciatica; vertigo/dizziness; sleeplessness

GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Encephalitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

26 (show all 11)
# Description GenomeRNAi Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 Decreased viability GR00106-A-0 10.02 RPSA
2 Decreased viability GR00221-A-1 10.02 CCL2
3 Decreased viability GR00221-A-4 10.02 CCL2
4 Decreased viability GR00240-S-1 10.02 RPSA
5 Decreased viability GR00249-S 10.02 IL1B RPSA TICAM1 TLR3 TRAF3
6 Decreased viability GR00342-S-1 10.02 TLR3
7 Decreased viability GR00342-S-2 10.02 TLR3
8 Decreased viability GR00381-A-1 10.02 RPSA
9 Decreased viability GR00386-A-1 10.02 CCL2 CLEC4M IL1B UNC93B1
10 Decreased viability GR00402-S-2 10.02 ABCD1 CCL2 RPSA SPCS1 TICAM1 TLR3
11 Increased the percentage of infected cells GR00402-S-1 8.32 TLR3

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Encephalitis:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 10.03 ABCD1 CCL5 CCR5 CD209 CLEC4M CXCL10
2 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 9.8 ABCD1 CCR5 CD209 CLEC4M CXCL10 DDX3X
3 immune system MP:0005387 9.47 ABCD1 CCL2 CCL5 CCR5 CLEC4M CXCL10
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Encephalitis

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Drugs for Encephalitis (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 155)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Lactitol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 585-86-4 157355
2
Dimenhydrinate Approved Phase 4 523-87-5 441281
3
Formaldehyde Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-00-0 712
4
Pyrimethamine Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 58-14-0 4993
5
Levoleucovorin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 68538-85-2 149436
6
Sulfadiazine Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 68-35-9 5215
7
Trimethoprim Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 738-70-5 5578
8
Sulfamethoxazole Approved Phase 4 723-46-6 5329
9
Dexamethasone Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-02-2 5743
10
Dexamethasone acetate Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 1177-87-3
11
Methylprednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 83-43-2 6741
12
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Approved Phase 4 2921-57-5
13
Prednisolone acetate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 52-21-1
14
Prednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-24-8 5755
15
Prednisolone phosphate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 302-25-0
16
Folic acid Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 4 59-30-3 6037
17
Polygeline Experimental Phase 4 66455-30-9
18
Prednisolone hemisuccinate Experimental Phase 4 2920-86-7
19 Hematinics Phase 4
20 Epoetin alfa Phase 4 113427-24-0
21 Anti-Bacterial Agents Phase 4
22 Antiparasitic Agents Phase 4
23 Antimalarials Phase 4
24 Antiprotozoal Agents Phase 4
25 Disinfectants Phase 4
26 Vitamin B9 Phase 4
27 Folic Acid Antagonists Phase 4
28 Folate Phase 4
29 Vitamin B Complex Phase 4
30 Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination Phase 4
31 Vaccines Phase 4
32 Antibodies, Blocking Phase 4
33 Protective Agents Phase 4
34 Antiemetics Phase 4
35 Gastrointestinal Agents Phase 4
36 Hormones Phase 4
37 Neuroprotective Agents Phase 4
38 Methylprednisolone Acetate Phase 4
39 Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal Phase 4
40 Hormone Antagonists Phase 4
41 Anti-Inflammatory Agents Phase 4
42 glucocorticoids Phase 4
43
Tacrolimus Approved, Investigational Phase 2, Phase 3 104987-11-3 445643 439492 6473866
44 Orange Approved Phase 3
45
Aluminum hydroxide Approved, Investigational Phase 3 21645-51-2
46
Acyclovir Approved Phase 3 59277-89-3 2022
47 Insect Repellents Phase 3
48 Calcineurin Inhibitors Phase 2, Phase 3
49 Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Phase 3
50 valacyclovir Phase 3

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 227)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 The Safety and Immunogenicity of Enterovirus Type 71 Inactivated Vaccine (Human Diploid Cell) With Two Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine and Live Attenuated Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine at the Same Time Point in Infants (8-month-old) Unknown status NCT03296410 Phase 4
2 Assessment of Antibody Response of a Boosted Japanese Encephalitis Chimeric Virus Vaccine (JE-CV) in Children Previously Immunized With a Single Dose of JE-CV Unknown status NCT01954810 Phase 4
3 Effect of Erythropoietin in Refractory Autoimmune Encephalitis Patients Unknown status NCT03004209 Phase 4 Erythropoietin
4 A Clinical Trial in Healthy Infants to Assess Lot-to-lot Consistency of Japanese Encephalitis Live Attenuated SA 14-14-2 Vaccine and Non-inferiority With Respect to an Earlier Product. Completed NCT01567865 Phase 4
5 Characterization of Humoral and Cellular Immunity of Low and High-responders After TBE Vaccination Completed NCT00804219 Phase 4
6 Characterisation of Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Elderly People After Immunization With a Purified, Inactivated Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine. Completed NCT01398540 Phase 4
7 Open-label Phase 4 Study to Investigate the Seropersistence of Tick-borne Encephalitis (TBE) Virus Antibodies From 7 to 10 Years After the First Booster and the Response to a Second Booster Vaccination With FSME-IMMUN 0.5ml in Adults Completed NCT01582698 Phase 4
8 Open-label Phase IV Study to Investigate the Seropersistence of Tick Borne Encephalitis (TBE) Virus Antibodies After the First Booster and the Response to a Second Booster Vaccination With FSME-IMMUN 0.5ml in Adults (Follow Up to Study 223) Completed NCT00503529 Phase 4
9 A Phase IV, Open-label, Multi-center Follow-up Study to Determine the Persistence of Tick-borne Encephalitis (TBE)-Specific Antibody Responses Among Children and Adolescents Previously Immunized Against TBE Completed NCT01106482 Phase 4
10 Phase 4 Clinical Trial of Cervico-vaginal Immune Responses Following Three Right Deltoid or Right Thigh Intramuscular Immunisations With TicoVac (Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus [TBEV]) Vaccine in Adult Female Participants Completed NCT01710189 Phase 4 TicoVac
11 Assessment of Long Term Immunogenicity of Japanese Encephalitis Live Attenuated SA-14-14-2 Vaccine in Previously Vaccinated Bangladeshi Children and Antibody Response and Safety to a Booster Dose Completed NCT02514746 Phase 4
12 TBE (Tick-borne Encephalitis ) Vaccination in Allergic Patients Completed NCT02511535 Phase 4
13 An Open-label, Uncontrolled Phase 4 Study to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of the Japanese Encephalitis (JE) Vaccine Ixiaro® (IC51) in an Elderly Population Completed NCT01158599 Phase 4
14 A Phase IV, Open-label, Single-center Study to Evaluate Long Term Immunogenicity up to 10 Years After the First Booster Immunization With Tick Borne Encephalitis Vaccine in Adults Who Received 1 of 3 Different Primary Vaccination Schedules Completed NCT01562444 Phase 4
15 Open-label Phase Iv Study To Investigate The Seropersistence Of Tick-borne Encephalitis (Tbe) Virus Antibodies After The First Booster And The Response To A Second Booster Vaccination With Fsme-immun In Children, Adolescents And Young Adults (Follow-up To Study 700401) Completed NCT00894686 Phase 4
16 A Prospective, Open Label Study of Human T Cell Responses to Live Attenuated Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine SA14-14-2 Completed NCT01656200 Phase 4
17 Immunogenicity of Co-administration of Measles Containing Vaccine and Japanese Encephalitis Alive Vaccines Completed NCT02643433 Phase 4
18 A Multi-center, Open, phase4 Study to Assess the Long-term Immunogenicity and Safety of Fourth Administration of BR JEV and to Investigate on Vaccine Interchangeability in Children Aged 6 Years Who Received 3 Doses With ENCEVAC or JEV-GCC Completed NCT02532569 Phase 4
19 Assessment of the Immunogenicity and Safety of Japanese Encephalitis Live Attenuated SA 14-14-2 Vaccine in Children in Sri Lanka Completed NCT00463684 Phase 4
20 Assessment of the Immunogenicity and Safety of Japanese Encephalitis Live Attenuated SA 14-14-2 Vaccine in Children in Sri Lanka Completed NCT00463476 Phase 4
21 Open-Label, Follow-up, Phase IV Clinical Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Third Vaccination With FSME-IMMUN 0.5 mL in Subjects Previously Vaccinated Using a Rapid Immunization Schedule (Follow-up to Study 225) Completed NCT00163540 Phase 4
22 Neutralizing Antibody Titers 6 Years After the Third Dose of Inactivated Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine and Projected Duration of Protection Completed NCT02039440 Phase 4
23 Immunogenicity and Safety of Concurrent Administration of Live, Attenuated SA 14-14-2 Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine and Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine in Infants 9-12 Months of Age in the Philippines Completed NCT02880865 Phase 4
24 A Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine Combined With Live Attenuated JE Vaccine Completed NCT01815073 Phase 4
25 Post-licensure, Phase IV, Safety Study of IMOJEV® in Thailand Completed NCT01981967 Phase 4
26 A Phase IV, Uncontrolled, Open-Label, Multi-Center Study in Children and Adolescents: Evaluation of Long-Term Immunogenicity in Subjects Boosted With a New Pediatric TBE Vaccine (Free of Protein-Derived Stabilizer) in Study V48P4E1, Five Years After First Booster Immunization Completed NCT00452621 Phase 4
27 A Phase IV, Randomized, Open-Label, Multi-Center Study in Adults: Evaluation of Long-Term Immunogenicity in Subjects Boosted With a New TBE Vaccine for Adults (Free of Protein-Derived Stabilizer) in Study V48P2E1, 5 Years After First Booster Immunization and Evaluation of Booster Kinetics in Subjects Boosted With a New TBE Vaccine for Adults (Free of Protein-Derived Stabilizer), 5 Years After First Booster Immunization Completed NCT00311493 Phase 4
28 A Phase IV, Randomized, Controlled, Single-Blind, Multi-Center Study in Children to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of Two TBE Vaccines Administered According to Two Different Schedules. Completed NCT00311441 Phase 4
29 Open-label Follow-up Study to Investigate the Seropersistence of TBE Antibodies and the Booster Response to a Tick-borne Encephalitis Vaccine in Children and Adolescents Aged 3 - 18 Years Completed NCT00161967 Phase 4
30 Open Phase IV Clinical Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Rapid Immunization Schedule With FSME-IMMUN 0.5 mL in Healthy Adults Aged 16 - 65 Years Completed NCT00161954 Phase 4
31 Investigation of the Seropersistence of TBE Antibodies and the Booster Response to FSME-IMMUN 0.5 ml in Adults Aged 18 - 67 Years Completed NCT00161785 Phase 4
32 A Clinical Trial in Healthy Infants to Assess Lot-to-lot Consistency of Japanese Encephalitis Live Attenuated SA 14-14-2 Vaccine Manufactured in a New Good Manufacturing Practices Facility and Non-inferiority With Respect to an Earlier Product. Completed NCT01635816 Phase 4
33 Immunogenicity of a Live Attenuated Chimeric Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine (IMOJEV) as a Booster Dose After a Primary Vaccination With CD.JEVAX in Thai Children Completed NCT02526550 Phase 4
34 Influence of Persistent CMV-infection on Immune Senescence Evaluated With a Prospective Vaccination Trial Against Tick-borne Encephalitis Virus in Healthy Elderly Individuals (CYTEL-Study) Completed NCT00461695 Phase 4
35 Pyrimethamine Plus Sulfadiazine Versus Trimethoprim Plus Sulfamethoxazole for Treatment of Toxoplasmic Encephalitis in AIDS Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Completed NCT00367081 Phase 4 TMX-SMX (Bactrim(R));Pyrimethamine plus Sulfadiazine plus leucoverin
36 A Phase IV, Uncontrolled, Open-label, Single-center Study in Adolescents and Adults: Evaluation of Immunogenicity and Safety of the First Booster Immunization With Novartis' TBE Vaccine for Adults in Participants of Study V48P7 and Long-term Evaluation of Immunogenicity up to 5 Years After First Booster Immunization Completed NCT00387634 Phase 4
37 A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of Concomitant Administration of EV71 Vaccine With Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Combined Live Attenuated Vaccine/ Encephalitis Live Attenuated Vaccine Recruiting NCT04111432 Phase 4
38 Characterisation of Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses Following the First Booster Immunisation With the Inactivated, Purified Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine IXIARO® in Elderly Compared to Young Individuals. Recruiting NCT03971058 Phase 4
39 Application of a TBE-Vaccine in Obese Persons Active, not recruiting NCT04017052 Phase 4 FSME-IMMUN Vaccine
40 Long Term Immunogenicity up to 15 Years After the First Booster Immunization With GSK Biologicals' Encepur Adults (Polygeline-free Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccine for Adults) in Adults Who Received 1 of 3 Different Primary Vaccination Schedules Active, not recruiting NCT03294135 Phase 4
41 Seroprevalence of Neutralizing Antibodies Against Japanese Encephalitis Virus Among 6 Years Old Children With 5 Different Immunization Strategies in Zhejiang Province, China: An Open-labeled, Ambidirectional Cohort Study Enrolling by invitation NCT04817917 Phase 4
42 Primary TBE Vaccination for the Elderly Not yet recruiting NCT04573205 Phase 4 FSME-IMMUN Vaccine
43 Low Dose Versus High Dose Steroids in Treatment of Viral Encephalitis Not yet recruiting NCT04103684 Phase 4 Methylprednisolone;Dexamethasone
44 A Phase III Multi-centre Randomised, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial to Assess the Role of Intravenous Immunoglobulin in the Management of Children With Encephalitis Unknown status NCT02308982 Phase 3 Immunoglobulins, Intravenous (Privigen);Placebo
45 Clinical Evaluation of Insect Repellent and Insecticide Treated Nets Against Malaria, JE & Dengue in Rural Communities in Lao PDR Unknown status NCT00938379 Phase 3 20% deet insect repellent;placebo control
46 Efficacy of Tacrolimus and i.v.-Immunoglobulins in Rasmussen Encephalitis With Start of Treatment in the Acute Disease Stage. Prospective, Randomised, Open Parallel Group Study Unknown status NCT00545493 Phase 2, Phase 3 Tacrolimus;i.v. immunoglobulins
47 B-lymphocyte Depletion Using the Monoclonal Anti-CD20 Antibody Rituximab in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ Myalgic Encephalopathy (CFS/ME). A Multicentre, Randomized, Double-blind and Placebo Controlled Phase-III Study With Rituximab Induction and Maintenance Treatment. Unknown status NCT02229942 Phase 3 Rituximab;Placebo
48 A Single-centre Phase III Clinical Trial for Vero Cell-derived Inactivated Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine Produced by Shandong Hengye Biotech Co., Ltd. in Healthy Chinese Infants Aged 6-11 Months, Aimed to Evaluate Immunogenicity and Safety Completed NCT02367664 Phase 3
49 Assessment of the Non-Inferiority of the Concurrent Administration of Japanese Encephalitis Live Attenuated SA 14-14-2 Vaccine and Measles Vaccine Given Alone Completed NCT00249769 Phase 3
50 Immunogenicity of a Commercial Batch of the Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine IC51 up to Twenty-four Months Post Filling. An Open-label, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study Completed NCT00776230 Phase 3

Search NIH Clinical Center for Encephalitis

Cochrane evidence based reviews: encephalitis

Sources

Genetic Tests for Encephalitis

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Genetic tests related to Encephalitis:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Encephalitis 29
Sources

Anatomical Context for Encephalitis

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Encephalitis:

40
Brain, T Cells, Bone Marrow, Spinal Cord, Temporal Lobe, Myeloid, Lung
Sources

Publications for Encephalitis

About this section

Articles related to Encephalitis:

(show top 50) (show all 30038)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
A recurring disease outbreak following litchi fruit consumption among children in Muzaffarpur, Bihar-A comprehensive investigation on factors of toxicity. 42 61
33382820 2020
2
Neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19 and possible pathogenic mechanisms: Insights from other coronaviruses. 42
33271682 2020
3
The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Alzheimer's Disease: Neuroinflammation Is to Blame? 42
33374235 2020
4
Cytokines and chemokines in viral encephalitis: a clinicoradiological correlation. 54 61
20153811 2010
5
Toll-like receptor 7 mitigates lethal West Nile encephalitis via interleukin 23-dependent immune cell infiltration and homing. 54 61
19200759 2009
6
Acute chemokine response in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of children with enterovirus 71-associated brainstem encephalitis. 54 61
18710325 2008
7
Cannabinoids as therapeutic agents for ablating neuroinflammatory disease. 61 54
18782012 2008
8
CXCR4 antagonism increases T cell trafficking in the central nervous system and improves survival from West Nile virus encephalitis. 54 61
18678898 2008
9
Genetic deletion of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase results in improved long-term outcome in chronic autoimmune encephalitis. 54 61
18501510 2008
10
Increased expression of monocyte CD44v6 correlates with the deveopment of encephalitis in rhesus macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus. 61 54
18471064 2008
11
A deletion in the chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) gene is associated with tickborne encephalitis. 61 54
18179389 2008
12
Activated macrophages in HIV encephalitis and a macaque model show increased [3H](R)-PK11195 binding in a PI3-kinase-dependent manner. 54 61
17888571 2007
13
An interferon-gamma-producing Th1 subset is the major source of IL-17 in experimental autoimmune encephalitis. 61 54
17240458 2007
14
Aquaporin 4 regulation during acute and long-term experimental Herpes simplex virus encephalitis. 54 61
17454447 2007
15
CD45 isoform expression in microglia and inflammatory cells in HIV-1 encephalitis. 61 54
17107594 2006
16
Viral risk factor for seizures: pathobiology of dynorphin in herpes simplex viral (HSV-1) seizures in an animal model. 61 54
16843674 2006
17
Kappa opioid control of seizures produced by a virus in an animal model. 54 61
16399805 2006
18
Elevated concentration of the chemokine CCL3 (MIP-1alpha) in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients with tick borne encephalitis. 54 61
17357337 2006
19
Inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enhances elimination of virus-infected macrophages in an animal model of HIV-1 encephalitis. 61 54
15961516 2005
20
[Serum and cerebrospinal concentrations of sICAM-1 sICAM-2, sICAM-3 in neuroborrellosis and tick borne encephalitis--preliminary report]. 61 54
16245421 2005
21
Neuroprotective and anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of minocycline. 61 54
15855434 2005
22
Investigations on four host response factors whose expression is enhanced in X4 SHIV encephalitis. 54 61
15579283 2004
23
Toll-like receptor 3 mediates West Nile virus entry into the brain causing lethal encephalitis. 61 54
15558055 2004
24
Neuronal apoptosis is mediated by CXCL10 overexpression in simian human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis. 61 54
15111302 2004
25
Herpes simplex virus 1 interaction with Toll-like receptor 2 contributes to lethal encephalitis. 61 54
14739339 2004
26
Evaluation of antioxidant status in children with acute bacterial meningitis and encephalitis. 61 54
14585750 2003
27
Maedi-visna virus and caprine arthritis encephalitis virus genomes encode a Vpr-like but no Tat protein. 54 61
12915575 2003
28
Expression of the interferon-induced MxA protein in viral encephalitis. 61 54
12787324 2003
29
Lack of trans-activation function for Maedi Visna virus and Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus Tat proteins. 61 54
12667801 2003
30
Elevated peripheral benzodiazepine receptor expression in simian immunodeficiency virus encephalitis. 54 61
12587072 2003
31
Neuronal injury in hippocampus with human immunodeficiency virus transactivating protein, Tat. 61 54
12605891 2003
32
The Tat protein of the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus interacts with the Notch2 EGF-like repeats and the epithelin/granulin precursor. 61 54
12931033 2003
33
A novel simian immunodeficiency virus model that provides insight into mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus central nervous system disease. 61 54
12491150 2002
34
Fibroblast growth factor 1 regulates signaling via the glycogen synthase kinase-3beta pathway. Implications for neuroprotection. 54 61
12095987 2002
35
Serum time course of two brain-specific proteins, alpha(1) brain globulin and neuron-specific enolase, in tick-born encephalitis and Lyme disease. 61 54
11983209 2002
36
Cell cycle proteins exhibit altered expression patterns in lentiviral-associated encephalitis. 54 61
11896158 2002
37
Different proinflammatory reactions in fatal and non-fatal enterovirus 71 infections: implications for early recognition and therapy. 54 61
12162592 2002
38
Increased macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 in cerebrospinal fluid precedes and predicts simian immunodeficiency virus encephalitis. 61 54
11574916 2001
39
Role of CD23 in astrocytes inflammatory reaction during HIV-1 related encephalitis. 61 54
11500085 2001
40
Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1 and caspase-1 in HIV-1 encephalitis. 61 54
11282169 2001
41
[Diagnostic and prognostic significance of the antibodies to the myelin basic protein in acute neuroinfections in children]. 61 54
11209527 2001
42
Blood-brain barrier disruption in simian immunodeficiency virus encephalitis. 54 61
11054186 2000
43
Induction of cell-cycle regulators in simian immunodeficiency virus encephalitis. 54 61
10934153 2000
44
Elevated cerebrospinal fluid level of ciliary neurotrophic factor in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. 61 54
10980311 2000
45
Neuronal fractalkine expression in HIV-1 encephalitis: roles for macrophage recruitment and neuroprotection in the central nervous system. 54 61
10640747 2000
46
Up-regulation of the hyaluronate receptor CD44 in canine distemper demyelinated plaques. 61 54
10672320 2000
47
Synergistic neurotoxicity by human immunodeficiency virus proteins Tat and gp120: protection by memantine. 61 54
10665489 2000
48
Blood-brain barrier tight junction disruption in human immunodeficiency virus-1 encephalitis. 54 61
10595922 1999
49
Absence of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and trkB receptor immunoreactivity in glia of Alzheimer's disease. 61 54
10502038 1999
50
Characterization of the inflammatory response during acute measles encephalitis in NSE-CD46 transgenic mice. 54 61
10337919 1999
Sources

Variations for Encephalitis

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Encephalitis:

6
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID Position
1 ABCD1 NM_000033.4(ABCD1):c.1866-1G>C SNV Likely pathogenic 523312 rs1557055311 GRCh37: X:153008674-153008674
GRCh38: X:153743220-153743220
Sources

Expression for Encephalitis

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Encephalitis.
Sources

Pathways for Encephalitis

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Pathways related to Encephalitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 24)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Innate Immune System 65
Show member pathways
 13.92 UNC93B1 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 RSAD2 IRF3
2
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system 65
Show member pathways
 13.26 TRAF3 RSAD2 IRF3 IL1B DDX58 CXCL10
3
Toll-like Receptor Signaling Pathway 36 1
Show member pathways
 12.89 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 RSAD2 IRF3 IL1B
4
Human cytomegalovirus infection 36
Show member pathways
 12.83 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3 IL1B CCR5
5
Herpes simplex virus 1 infection 36
12.61 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 PPP1CA IRF3 IL1B
6
RIG-I/MDA5 mediated induction of IFN-alpha/beta pathways 65
Show member pathways
 12.43 TRAF3 IRF3 DDX58 DDX3X CXCL10
7
Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNA 65
Show member pathways
 12.42 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3 IL1B DDX58 CXCL10
8
Toll-Like receptor Signaling Pathways 64
Show member pathways
 12.33 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3 IL1B
9
IL-17 Family Signaling Pathways 64
Show member pathways
 12.23 TRAF3 IL1B CXCL10 CCL2
10
Chemokine Superfamily Pathway: Human/Mouse Ligand-Receptor Interactions 64
Show member pathways
 12.22 CXCL10 CCR5 CCL5 CCL2
11
Toll Comparative Pathway 63
Show member pathways
 12.2 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3 IL1B
12
Viral carcinogenesis 36
12.19 TRAF3 IRF3 DDX3X CCR5
13
NF-kappaB Signaling 4
12.17 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 RSAD2 IRF3 IL1B
14
Diseases associated with the TLR signaling cascade 65
Show member pathways
 12.14 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3
15
NOD-like receptor signaling pathway 36
12.14 TRAF3 TICAM1 IRF3 IL1B CCL5 CCL2
16
Measles 36
Show member pathways
 12.11 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 RSAD2 IRF3 IL1B
17
Yersinia infection 36
11.99 TICAM1 IRF3 IL1B CCL2
18
TNF signaling pathway 36
11.9 TRAF3 IL1B CXCL10 CCL5 CCL2
19
NF-kappa B signaling pathway 36
11.83 TRAF3 TICAM1 IL1B DDX58
20
Rheumatoid arthritis 36
11.76 IL1B CCL5 CCL2
21
Pertussis 36
11.66 TICAM1 IRF3 IL1B
22
Lung fibrosis 1
11.54 IL1B CCL5 CCL2
23
Interleukin-10 signaling 65
11.41 IL1B CXCL10 CCR5 CCL5 CCL2
24
LDL Oxidation in Atherogenesis 63
10.82 IL1B CCL2
Sources

GO Terms for Encephalitis

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Cellular components related to Encephalitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cytoplasm GO:0005737 9.47 TRIM52 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 RPSA PPP1CA

Biological processes related to Encephalitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 52)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 positive regulation of gene expression GO:0010628 10.09 TLR3 TICAM1 IL1B DDX58 DDX3X
2 immune system process GO:0002376 10.07 UNC93B1 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 RSAD2 IRF3
3 immune response GO:0006955 10.05 TLR3 IL1B CXCL10 CCR5 CCL5 CCL2
4 inflammatory response GO:0006954 10.04 TLR3 TICAM1 IL1B CXCL10 CCR5 CCL5
5 MAPK cascade GO:0000165 10.01 IL1B CCR5 CCL5 CCL2
6 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0019221 10 IL1B CXCL10 CCR5 CCL5 CCL2
7 cell-cell signaling GO:0007267 9.98 IL1B CXCL10 CCR5 CCL5
8 positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0043123 9.96 TRIM52 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3
9 response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0032496 9.93 TICAM1 IRF3 IL1B CXCL10
10 positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity GO:0051092 9.92 TRIM52 TLR3 TICAM1 IL1B
11 chemotaxis GO:0006935 9.91 CXCL10 CCR5 CCL5 CCL2
12 cellular response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0071222 9.91 TICAM1 IRF3 IL1B CXCL10 CCR5 CCL2
13 cellular response to interferon-gamma GO:0071346 9.88 TLR3 CCL5 CCL2
14 viral entry into host cell GO:0046718 9.88 RPSA CLEC4M CD209
15 response to virus GO:0009615 9.88 TLR3 RSAD2 DDX58 DDX3X CXCL10 CCL5
16 positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production GO:0032760 9.87 TLR3 TICAM1 DDX58
17 cell chemotaxis GO:0060326 9.87 CCR5 CCL5 CCL2
18 positive regulation of JNK cascade GO:0046330 9.87 TRAF3 TLR3 IL1B
19 positive regulation of interleukin-6 production GO:0032755 9.87 TLR3 TICAM1 IL1B DDX58
20 neutrophil chemotaxis GO:0030593 9.86 CXCL10 CCL5 CCL2
21 cellular response to organic cyclic compound GO:0071407 9.85 IL1B CCL5 CCL2
22 positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling GO:1901224 9.85 TLR3 IL1B DDX3X
23 positive regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0042102 9.85 IL1B CD209 CCL5
24 chemokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0070098 9.85 CXCL10 CCR5 CCL5 CCL2
25 innate immune response GO:0045087 9.85 UNC93B1 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 RSAD2 IRF3
26 positive regulation of interleukin-8 production GO:0032757 9.84 TLR3 IL1B DDX58
27 positive regulation of type I interferon production GO:0032481 9.83 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3
28 response to exogenous dsRNA GO:0043330 9.81 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3 DDX58
29 toll-like receptor signaling pathway GO:0002224 9.79 UNC93B1 TRAF3 TLR3
30 protein kinase B signaling GO:0043491 9.78 IL1B CCL5 CCL2
31 TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway GO:0035666 9.78 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3
32 leukocyte cell-cell adhesion GO:0007159 9.76 CLEC4M CD209 CCL5
33 positive regulation of interferon-alpha production GO:0032727 9.76 TLR3 IRF3 DDX58 DDX3X
34 cellular response to exogenous dsRNA GO:0071360 9.73 TLR3 IRF3 DDX58
35 positive regulation of interferon-beta production GO:0032728 9.72 TLR3 TICAM1 IRF3 DDX58 DDX3X
36 dendritic cell chemotaxis GO:0002407 9.71 CCR5 CCL5
37 positive regulation of T cell migration GO:2000406 9.71 CXCL10 CCL5
38 viral genome replication GO:0019079 9.71 CLEC4M CD209 CCL2
39 macrophage chemotaxis GO:0048246 9.7 CCL5 CCL2
40 positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production GO:0032725 9.7 IL1B DDX58
41 toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway GO:0034138 9.7 UNC93B1 TLR3 TICAM1
42 modulation by virus of host morphology or physiology GO:0019048 9.67 CLEC4M CD209
43 negative regulation of MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway GO:0034128 9.67 TLR3 TICAM1
44 positive regulation of toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway GO:0034157 9.65 RSAD2 DDX3X
45 cell-cell recognition GO:0009988 9.65 CLEC4M CD209
46 lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway GO:0031663 9.65 TICAM1 IRF3 IL1B CCL5 CCL2
47 viral process GO:0016032 9.65 TICAM1 RSAD2 RPSA PPP1CA IRF3 DDX58
48 detection of virus GO:0009597 9.64 TLR3 DDX58
49 positive regulation of myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production GO:0002735 9.64 TICAM1 DDX58
50 virion attachment to host cell GO:0019062 9.63 CLEC4M CD209

Molecular functions related to Encephalitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 protein binding GO:0005515 10.23 UNC93B1 TRAF3 TLR3 TICAM1 SPCS1 RSAD2
2 cytokine activity GO:0005125 9.46 IL1B CXCL10 CCL5 CCL2
3 virion binding GO:0046790 9.32 CLEC4M CD209
4 chemokine activity GO:0008009 9.13 CXCL10 CCL5 CCL2
5 virus receptor activity GO:0001618 8.92 RPSA CLEC4M CD209 CCR5
Sources

Sources for Encephalitis

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
20 GARD
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 20-May-2021)
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 Tocris
70 UMLS
71 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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