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MCID: END034
MIFTS: 33

Endocrine Exophthalmos

Categories: Eye diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Endocrine Exophthalmos:

Name: Endocrine Exophthalmos 12 15
Thyroid Associated Opthalmopathies 73
Endocrine Exopthalmos 73

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Eye diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:12359
ICD9CM 35 376.2
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Summaries for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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MalaCards based summary : Endocrine Exophthalmos, also known as thyroid associated opthalmopathies, is related to exophthalmos and graves' disease. An important gene associated with Endocrine Exophthalmos is TG (Thyroglobulin). The drugs Hyaluronic acid and Propylthiouracil have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include thyroid, eye and b cells, and related phenotype is endocrine/exocrine gland.

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Related Diseases for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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Diseases related to Endocrine Exophthalmos via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 23)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 exophthalmos 10.7
2 graves' disease 9.9
3 thyroiditis 9.9
4 hypersensitivity reaction disease 9.8 CD40LG TG
5 immune system disease 9.8 CD40LG TG
6 myxedema 9.7
7 conjunctivitis 9.7
8 depression 9.7
9 post-vaccinal encephalitis 9.7 CD40LG POMC
10 trichinosis 9.7 CD40LG POMC
11 vernal conjunctivitis 9.6 CD40LG POMC
12 thyroid crisis 9.6 POMC TG
13 acute thyroiditis 9.6 POMC TG
14 celiac disease 1 9.6 CD40LG TG
15 hypoadrenalism 9.6 POMC TG
16 urinary system disease 9.6 CD40LG POMC
17 hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 4 9.5 POMC TG
18 endocrine organ benign neoplasm 9.5 POMC TG
19 thyroid gland disease 9.5 POMC TG
20 thyroid carcinoma, familial medullary 9.4 POMC TG
21 thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 2 9.3 POMC TG
22 autoimmune disease 9.2 CD40LG TG
23 hypothyroidism 9.1 POMC TG

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Endocrine Exophthalmos:



Diseases related to Endocrine Exophthalmos
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Endocrine Exophthalmos:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 8.8 CD40LG POMC TG
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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Drugs for Endocrine Exophthalmos (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 150)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Hyaluronic acid Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Not Applicable 9004-61-9 53477741
2
Propylthiouracil Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3 51-52-5 657298
3
Methylprednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable 83-43-2 6741
4
Prednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable 50-24-8 5755
5
Prednisone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3 53-03-2 5865
6
Triamcinolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Not Applicable 124-94-7 31307
7
Acetylcholine Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3 51-84-3 187
8
Bimatoprost Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3 155206-00-1 5311027
9
Dinoprost Tromethamine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 38562-01-5 5282415
10
Ephedrine Approved Phase 4 299-42-3 9294
11
Pseudoephedrine Approved Phase 4 90-82-4 7028
12
Diclofenac Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3 15307-86-5 3033
13
Metoprolol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 37350-58-6, 51384-51-1 4171
14
Propranolol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 525-66-6 4946
15
Methotrexate Approved Phase 4,Not Applicable 1959-05-2, 59-05-2 126941
16
rituximab Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1 174722-31-7 10201696
17
Folic Acid Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 4,Not Applicable 59-30-3 6037
18
leucovorin Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4,Not Applicable 58-05-9 143 6006
19
Dinoprost Investigational Phase 4 551-11-1 5283078
20 Adjuvants, Immunologic Phase 4,Not Applicable
21 Anesthetics Phase 4
22 Anesthetics, Local Phase 4
23 Central Nervous System Depressants Phase 4
24 Ophthalmic Solutions Phase 4,Phase 2
25 Peripheral Nervous System Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
26 Pharmaceutical Solutions Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
27 Protective Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
28 Proxymetacaine Phase 4
29 Viscosupplements Phase 4,Not Applicable
30 Antimetabolites Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable
31 Antithyroid Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable
32 Hormone Antagonists Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
33 Hormones Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
34 Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
35 Antiemetics Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
36 Anti-Inflammatory Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
37 Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
38 Autonomic Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
39 Gastrointestinal Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
40 glucocorticoids Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
41 Methylprednisolone acetate Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
42 Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
43 Neuroprotective Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
44 Prednisolone acetate Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
45 Prednisolone hemisuccinate Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
46 Prednisolone phosphate Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
47 Anti-Infective Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1
48 Anti-Infective Agents, Local Phase 4,Phase 3
49 Immunosuppressive Agents Phase 4,Not Applicable
50 triamcinolone acetonide Phase 4,Not Applicable

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 71)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Hyaluronic Acid Gels for Upper Lid Retraction in Active Stage Thyroid Eye Disease Unknown status NCT01738243 Phase 4 Hyaluronic Acid Gel injection;Saline injection
2 The Effect of Early Total Thyroidectomy in the Course of Graves' Orbitopathy Unknown status NCT01056419 Phase 4 Propylthiouracil
3 A Prospective, Randomized Trial of Intravenous Pulse Versus Sequential Steroid Therapy for Patients With Graves' Orbitopathy Unknown status NCT01969019 Phase 4 methylprednisolone, prednisone
4 Prostaglandin F2-alpha Eye Drops in Thyroid Eye Disease (Bima Study) Completed NCT02059655 Phase 4 Bimatoprost;Eye drop solution
5 Treatment of Upper Eyelid Retraction Related to Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy Using Subconjunctival Triamcinolone Injections Completed NCT01599273 Phase 4 subconjunctival triamcinolone injection
6 Adjuvant Treatment of Graves´ Ophthalmopathy With NSAID (aGO Study) Completed NCT01458600 Phase 4 Diclofenac;Methimazole;L-thyroxin;Propranolol;Metoprolol
7 Effect of High-Dose Prednisolone (Solu Dacortin®) Treatment on Choroidal and Optic Nerve Head Blood Flow in Humans Completed NCT00312325 Phase 4 Prednisolone
8 Using A Novel Classification System in Intravenous GCs Therapy of TAO: A Multi-central, Randomized, Open, Superior Trial Recruiting NCT03107078 Phase 4 Glucocorticoids
9 Rituximab (RTX) Therapy in Patients With Active TAO Recruiting NCT02378298 Phase 4 Rituximab;Iv Methylprednisolone;peroral methylprednisolone and Methotrexate
10 Combined Radiotherapy and Intravenous Steroids for Early Progressive Thyroid Eye Disease Not yet recruiting NCT02339142 Phase 4 intravenous corticosteroids (methylprednisolone)
11 A Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Orbital Radiotherapy in Graves' Orbitopathy Not yet recruiting NCT03098225 Phase 4 Methylprednisolone
12 The Secondary Beneficial Effects of Prostaglandin Analog Treatment in Thyroid Eye Disease Patients. Withdrawn NCT01927406 Phase 4 Prostaglandin Analog;Timolol
13 Use of Botox in the Management of Thyroid Related Upper Eyelid Retraction Withdrawn NCT01272414 Phase 4 Botulinum Toxin Type A;Saline injection
14 Effect of Percutaneous Botulinum Toxin A Injection on Natural Course of Upper Lid Retraction in Thyroid Eye Disease Unknown status NCT00370734 Phase 2, Phase 3 Botulinum toxin A injection
15 Prednisone Versus Doxycycline in the Treatment of Graves' Orbitopathy Unknown status NCT01809444 Phase 2, Phase 3 Prednisone+placebo of Doxycycline;Doxycycline+placebo of Prednisone
16 The Prospective Study of Standard Treatment of Graves Disease Iodine 131 and Prevention of Adverse Reactions Unknown status NCT01204359 Phase 3
17 Trial of Rituximab for Graves' Ophthalmopathy Completed NCT00595335 Phase 2, Phase 3 Rituximab;Saline;Methylprednisolone
18 Treatment of Soft Tissue Expansion in Inactive Thyroid Eye Disease Patients Using Drops of Prostaglandin Analogues Completed NCT02155049 Phase 3 bimatoprost 0.03%
19 Tocilizumab Treatment in Graves´ Ophthalmopathy (Graves´ Orbitopathy or Thyroid Eye Disease) Completed NCT01297699 Phase 3 Tocilizumab (RoActemra®);Sterile 0.9% Sodium Chloride
20 The Effect of Intravenous Glucocorticoids on the Tearfilm in Eyes With Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy Recruiting NCT01579539 Phase 3 Methylprednisolone;Esomeprazole
21 Treatment of Graves' Orbitopathy (Thyroid Eye Disease) to Reduce Proptosis With Teprotumumab Infusions in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Study Recruiting NCT03298867 Phase 3
22 Total Thyroidectomy Versus Thionamides in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Graves' Ophthalmopathy Recruiting NCT03066076 Phase 3 Antithyroid Drug
23 Treatment of Graves´Ophthalmopathy With Diclofenac or Simvastatin (GO-DS) Recruiting NCT03131726 Phase 3 Simvastatin 40mg;Diclofenac Potassium 50 MG
24 Ga-68-DOTATOC -PET in the Management of Pituitary Tumours Recruiting NCT02419664 Phase 3
25 Treatment of Graves' Orbitopathy to Reduce Proptosis With Teprotumumab Infusions in an Open-Label Clinical Extension Study Enrolling by invitation NCT03461211 Phase 3
26 The Effect of a New Antioxidant Combination (ASTED) on Moderate to Severe Thyroid Eye Disease Not yet recruiting NCT02422368 Phase 2, Phase 3 Methylprednisolone + ASTED;Methylprednisolone +Placebo
27 The Effect of a New Antioxidant Combination (ASTED) on Mild Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) Not yet recruiting NCT02393183 Phase 2, Phase 3 ASTED
28 Role of the Microbiome in Graves' Orbitopathy Unknown status NCT02373995 Phase 1, Phase 2
29 Doxycycline Treatment in Mild Graves' Orbitopathy Unknown status NCT02203682 Phase 2 Doxycycline;placebo
30 Teprotumumab (RV 001) Treatment in Patients With Active Thyroid Eye Disease Completed NCT01868997 Phase 2 teprotumumab;normal saline
31 Rituximab Treatment of Graves' Dysthyroid Ophthalmopathy Completed NCT00424151 Phase 1, Phase 2 Rituximab
32 Rituximab in the Treatment of Graves' Disease Completed NCT00150111 Phase 1, Phase 2 Methimazole;Rituximab
33 Efficacy of Subantimicrobial Dose Doxycycline for Moderate to Severe and Active Graves' Orbitopathy Completed NCT01727973 Phase 1, Phase 2 Doxycycline
34 Celecoxib for Thyroid Eye Disease Recruiting NCT02845336 Phase 2 Celecoxib;artificial tears
35 Effects of Atorvastatin in Graves' Orbitopathy (GO) Not yet recruiting NCT03110848 Phase 2 Atorvastatin;Methylprednisolone
36 A Safety and Tolerability Study of Otelixizumab in Thyroid Eye Disease Terminated NCT01114503 Phase 2 Otelixizumab - low dose;Otelixizumab - medium low dose;Otelixizumab - medium high dose;Otelixizumab - high dose;Otelixizumab;Methylprednisolone
37 Lanreotide (Somatuline Autogel) in Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy Treatment Terminated NCT00288522 Phase 2 Lanreotide (Autogel formulation). Duration of treatment - 3 injections, 1 every 28 days
38 Use of Azithromycin as Immunomodulatory Therapy in Grave&Apos;s Orbitopathy Withdrawn NCT01379196 Phase 1, Phase 2 Azithromycin
39 K1-70 - A Study in Subjects With Graves' Disease Recruiting NCT02904330 Phase 1 K1-70 intramuscular
40 Selenium in Mild Thyroid Eye Disease in North America Unknown status NCT02112643 Not Applicable
41 Local Triamcinolone Injection in Active Thyroid Orbitopathy Unknown status NCT01280214 Not Applicable Triamcinolone
42 The Effects of Metformin in Patients With Mild Graves' Ophthalmopathy Unknown status NCT02535975 Not Applicable Metformin;Placebo
43 The Role of TSH Receptor, PPAR-r, IGF-1R, IGF and Cytokines in Different Stages of Graves’Ophthalmopathy Unknown status NCT00174057
44 Comparison Study Between Two Techniques for Correction of Upper Lid Retraction in Patients With Grave's Orbitopathy Unknown status NCT01999790 Not Applicable
45 Genetic and Morphological Analysis of Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis Unknown status NCT02287363
46 Optic Disc, Macula, and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Measurements Obtained by OCT in Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy Completed NCT02766660 Not Applicable
47 Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy Subtypes and Orbital Antibodies Completed NCT00430547 Not Applicable Carbimazole, radio-active iodine (I131)
48 Twenty-four Hour Intraocular Pressure Patterns in Patients With Uncontrolled Thyroid Eye Disease Completed NCT01798966 Not Applicable
49 Thyroid Treatment Trial Completed NCT00348413 Not Applicable Intravenous Methylprednisolone + Oral Methotrexate vs Intravenous Methylprednisolone + Placebo
50 Randomized Study of Sequential Orbital Radiotherapy for Graves' Ophthalmopathy Completed NCT00004660 Not Applicable

Search NIH Clinical Center for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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Genetic Tests for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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Anatomical Context for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Endocrine Exophthalmos:

41
Thyroid, Eye, B Cells, Pituitary, Bone
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Publications for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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Articles related to Endocrine Exophthalmos:

(show top 50) (show all 80)
# Title Authors Year
1
Surgical treatment of endocrine exophthalmos by removal of orbital fat: clinical experience. ( 12436178 )
2002
2
Optic nerve involvement in endocrine exophthalmos. ( 2079900 )
1990
3
Decompression of the orbit using a lateral rhinotomy approach in patients with malignant endocrine exophthalmos. ( 2350895 )
1990
4
Eye muscle antibodies in endocrine exophthalmos. Clinical and serological observations. ( 2744719 )
1989
5
Endocrine exophthalmos conservative management. ( 3508403 )
1987
6
Orbital decompression in endocrine exophthalmos of Graves' disease. ( 3839618 )
1985
7
T-lymphocyte-subsets in endocrine exophthalmos. ( 3879963 )
1985
8
Autoimmune endocrine exophthalmos. ( 6129469 )
1982
9
Computerized tomography in endocrine exophthalmos: report of a case. ( 6896413 )
1982
10
Serum thyroglobulin, its autoantibody and thyroid stimulating antibodies in the endocrine exophthalmos. ( 6894054 )
1981
11
Plasma exchange in conjunction with immunosuppressive drug therapy in the treatment of endocrine exophthalmos. ( 6896074 )
1981
12
Endocrine exophthalmos. ( 6894358 )
1981
13
Endocrine exophthalmos or orbital pseudotumour. ( 6109880 )
1981
14
Endocrine exophthalmos or orbital pseudotumour. ( 6110019 )
1981
15
Transantral orbital decompression for endocrine exophthalmos--an appraisal. ( 6893600 )
1980
16
Endocrine exophthalmos; conservative management. ( 6938804 )
1980
17
Progress in endocrine exophthalmos. ( 582020 )
1979
18
The pathogenesis of endocrine exophthalmos: a short review. ( 200947 )
1977
19
Endocrine exophthalmos: an immunologic aberration. ( 327376 )
1977
20
Unilateral endocrine exophthalmos. Diagnostic problems in association with computed tomography. ( 980244 )
1976
21
Studies in relation to endocrine exophthalmos: the biochemical composition of human retrobulbar connective tissue. ( 130249 )
1976
22
Acute endocrine exophthalmos. ( 952821 )
1976
23
IOP and direction of gaze in endocrine exophthalmos. ( 1242210 )
1975
24
Proceedings: Endocrine exophthalmos treated by orbital decompression. ( 1242394 )
1975
25
Retrobulbar connective tissue in experimental endocrine exophthalmos. ( 126367 )
1975
26
Transantral orbital decompression for progressive endocrine exophthalmos. ( 1231082 )
1975
27
Experimental endocrine exophthalmos: 1. Effect of TSH on S35 sulfate uptake. ( 4858446 )
1974
28
Triiodothyronine levels in patients with euthyroid endocrine exophthalmos and during treatment of thyrotoxicosis. ( 4131145 )
1974
29
Experimental endocrine exophthalmos: II. Effect of patients' sera on radiosulfate incorporation. ( 4479728 )
1974
30
Surgical decompression of the orbit for endocrine exophthalmos. ( 4534105 )
1974
31
Endocrine exophthalmos during lithium therapy of manic-depressive disease. ( 4736398 )
1973
32
Pathogenesis and treatment of endocrine exophthalmos. ( 4740436 )
1973
33
Endocrine exophthalmos. ( 4550413 )
1972
34
Endocrine exophthalmos. ( 5078418 )
1972
35
Endocrine exophthalmos. ( 5067997 )
1972
36
Medial decompression of the orbit for endocrine exophthalmos. ( 4515531 )
1972
37
Endocrine exophthalmos. Concepts and surgical management. ( 5007196 )
1972
38
Endocrine exophthalmos. ( 4483433 )
1972
39
Antral-ethmoid decompression of endocrine exophthalmos. ( 5172847 )
1971
40
The assessment and treatment of endocrine exophthalmos. ( 5468601 )
1970
41
Endocrine exophthalmos. ( 5537363 )
1970
42
Guanethidine ophthalmic solution 5 per cent. Use in the treatment of endocrine exophthalmos. ( 4912585 )
1970
43
Synergistic and inhibitory activity of various hormones on the exophthalmo producing factor in sera of patients suffering from endocrine exophthalmos. ( 4308597 )
1969
44
Mechanisms of Graves' disease and endocrine exophthalmos. ( 4895778 )
1969
45
Eight clinical varieties for endocrine exophthalmos. ( 5396087 )
1969
46
The orbital pseudotumour syndrome and its differentiation from endocrine exophthalmos. ( 5774031 )
1969
47
Investigation of endocrine exophthalmos. ( 5818230 )
1969
48
Needle aspiration of malignant (progressive) endocrine exophthalmos. ( 5699320 )
1968
49
Humoral factors in endocrine exophthalmos: the sulfation factors. ( 6040930 )
1967
50
Endocrine exophthalmos. ( 6071405 )
1967
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Variations for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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Expression for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Endocrine Exophthalmos.
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Pathways for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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GO Terms for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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Cellular components related to Endocrine Exophthalmos according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular region GO:0005576 9.13 CD40LG POMC TG
2 extracellular space GO:0005615 8.8 CD40LG POMC TG

Biological processes related to Endocrine Exophthalmos according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 regulation of signaling receptor activity GO:0010469 8.8 CD40LG POMC TG

Molecular functions related to Endocrine Exophthalmos according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 hormone activity GO:0005179 8.62 POMC TG
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Sources for Endocrine Exophthalmos

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet
35 ICD9CM
36 IUPHAR
37 KEGG
38 LifeMap
40 LOVD
42 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
54 NINDS
55 Novoseek
57 OMIM
58 OMIM via Orphanet
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
71 TGDB
72 Tocris
73 UMLS
74 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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