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MCID: EPL164
MIFTS: 73

Epilepsy

Categories: Genetic diseases, Neuronal diseases, Rare diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Epilepsy

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Epilepsy:

Name: Epilepsy 12 76 54 29 55 6 43 3 44 15 63 40 73
Epileptic Syndrome 12
Epilepsy Syndrome 12

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Genetic diseases
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 33


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:1826
ICD9CM 35 345.9
MeSH 44 D004827
NCIt 50 C3020
SNOMED-CT 68 84757009
UMLS 73 C0014544
Sources

Summaries for Epilepsy

About this section
NINDS : 54 The epilepsies are a spectrum of brain disorders ranging from severe, life-threatening and disabling, to ones that are much more benign. In epilepsy, the normal pattern of neuronal activity becomes disturbed, causing strange sensations, emotions, and behavior or sometimes convulsions, muscle spasms, and loss of consciousness. The epilepsies have many possible causes and there are several types of seizures. Anything that disturbs the normal pattern of neuron activity—from illness to brain damage to abnormal brain development—can lead to seizures. Epilepsy may develop because of an abnormality in brain wiring, an imbalance of nerve signaling chemicals called neurotransmitters, changes in important features of brain cells called channels, or some combination of these and other factors. Having a single seizure as the result of a high fever (called febrile seizure) or head injury does not necessarily mean that a person has epilepsy. Only when a person has had two or more seizures is he or she considered to have epilepsy. A measurement of electrical activity in the brain and brain scans such as magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography are common diagnostic tests for epilepsy.

MalaCards based summary : Epilepsy, also known as epileptic syndrome, is related to epilepsy, idiopathic generalized 10 and childhood absence epilepsy, and has symptoms including seizures, tremor and back pain. An important gene associated with Epilepsy is SLC2A1 (Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 1), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Transmission across Chemical Synapses and Cardiac conduction. The drugs Clobazam and Methylprednisolone have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include temporal lobe, brain and testes, and related phenotypes are Decreased viability and Decreased viability

Disease Ontology : 12 A brain disease that is characterized by the occurrance of at least two unprovoked seizures resulting from a persistent epileptogenic abnormality of the brain that is able to spontaneously generate paroxysmal activity and typically manifested by sudden brief episodes of altered or diminished consciousness, involuntary movements, or convulsions.

MedlinePlus : 43 Epilepsy is a brain disorder that causes people to have recurring seizures. The seizures happen when clusters of nerve cells, or neurons, in the brain send out the wrong signals. People may have strange sensations and emotions or behave strangely. They may have violent muscle spasms or lose consciousness. Epilepsy has many possible causes, including illness, brain injury, and abnormal brain development. In many cases, the cause is unknown. Doctors use brain scans and other tests to diagnose epilepsy. It is important to start treatment right away. There is no cure for epilepsy, but medicines can control seizures for most people. When medicines are not working well, surgery or implanted devices such as vagus nerve stimulators may help. Special diets can help some children with epilepsy. NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

PubMed Health : 63 About epilepsy: In epilepsy, certain areas of the brain or all areas of the brain are overactive, sending too many signals. This results in seizures, sometimes also referred to as epileptic fits. Epileptic seizures can take different forms. They may cause only a few muscles to twitch, for instance, or they may cause your whole body to convulse (shake uncontrollably) and lead to loss of consciousness.Epilepsy can arise at any age. Some people have their first seizure in childhood, and others have their first seizure in older age. There are usually no physical symptoms in between seizures. But the constant fear of having another seizure may affect your work and private life.Medication can help to prevent seizures and maintain a good quality of life. Unfortunately, medication doesn't always help, though: About 3 out of 10 people still have regular seizures. This makes it particularly difficult for them to live with the condition.

Wikipedia : 76 Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures. Epileptic seizures... more...

Sources

Related Diseases for Epilepsy

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Diseases in the Epilepsy family:

Benign Familial Infantile Epilepsy Depdc5-Related Epilepsy

Diseases related to Epilepsy via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 1276)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 epilepsy, idiopathic generalized 10 34.6 SCN1A LGI1 GABRG2 GABRB3 GABRA1 EFHC1
2 childhood absence epilepsy 34.2 SLC2A1 SCN1B GABRG2 GABRB3 GABRA1 EFHC1
3 epilepsy, idiopathic generalized 34.2 SLC2A1 SCN1B SCN1A LGI1 GABRG2 GABRA1
4 benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes 34.2 EPM2A GABRG2 RELN SCN1B SLC2A1
5 epilepsy, nocturnal frontal lobe, 1 34.2 SCN1B SCN1A GABRG2 CHRNB2 CHRNA4 CHRNA2
6 generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus 34.2 SCN8A SCN1B SCN1A GABRG2 GABRA1 EFHC1
7 autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy 34.1 CHRNA2 CHRNA4 CHRNB2
8 temporal lobe epilepsy 34.1 LGI1 RELN SCN1B
9 focal epilepsy 34.0 SLC2A1 SCN8A SCN1A LGI1 GABRG2 CHRNB2
10 benign familial infantile epilepsy 34.0 CHRNA2 SCN1B SCN8A
11 epilepsy, myoclonic juvenile 34.0 CACNB4 EFHC1
12 generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 1 33.9 SCN1A SCN1B
13 juvenile absence epilepsy 33.9 EFHC1 GABRA1
14 epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 6 33.8 SCN1A SCN1B SCN8A GABRG2 GABRB3 GABRA1
15 epilepsy, nocturnal frontal lobe, 3 33.8 CHRNA4 CHRNB2
16 epilepsy, familial temporal lobe, 1 33.8 LGI1 RELN
17 unverricht-lundborg syndrome 33.7 EFHC1 EPM2A NHLRC1
18 myoclonic epilepsy of infancy 33.7 GABRG2 SCN1A SCN8A
19 early myoclonic encephalopathy 33.6 EPM2A GABRG2 SCN1A SCN1B
20 autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy 2 33.6 CHRNA4 CHRNB2
21 autosomal dominant epilepsy with auditory features 33.6 LGI1 RELN
22 epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures 33.5 EFHC1 SCN1A
23 early onset absence epilepsy 33.4 CHRNB2 SCN1B SLC2A1
24 myoclonus epilepsy 33.3 EPM2A NHLRC1
25 seizures, benign familial infantile, 3 33.1 CHRNA4 GABRG2 SCN1A SCN1B
26 visual epilepsy 33.1 ATP1A3 CLN8 SCN1A SLC2A1
27 lennox-gastaut syndrome 32.9 GABRA1 GABRB3 GABRG2 SCN1A SLC2A1
28 mental retardation, x-linked, syndromic, hedera type 32.7 GABRA1 LGI1
29 myoclonus 32.5 EPM2A NHLRC1 SLC2A1
30 febrile seizures 31.6 CHRNA4 CHRNB2 GABRG2 SCN1A SCN1B
31 alacrima, achalasia, and mental retardation syndrome 31.0 OTUD6B SCN1A SLC2A1
32 hemiplegia 30.8 ATP1A3 SCN1A SLC2A1
33 psychotic disorder 30.5 GABRA1 GABRB3 RELN
34 hemiplegic migraine 30.2 ATP1A3 SCN1A SLC2A1
35 epilepsy, pyridoxine-dependent 12.5
36 myoclonic epilepsy of lafora 12.5
37 myoclonic epilepsy of unverricht and lundborg 12.4
38 ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal, 8, northern epilepsy variant 12.4
39 centralopathic epilepsy 12.4
40 epilepsy, familial focal, with variable foci 1 12.4
41 epilepsy-aphasia spectrum 12.4
42 photosensitive epilepsy 12.3
43 epilepsy, progressive myoclonic 7 12.3
44 myoclonic epilepsy, familial infantile 12.3
45 epilepsy, progressive myoclonic, 6 12.3
46 epilepsy, juvenile absence 1 12.3
47 benign familial neonatal epilepsy 12.3
48 epilepsy, focal, with speech disorder and with or without mental retardation 12.3
49 myoclonic epilepsy associated with ragged-red fibers 12.3
50 epilepsy, familial temporal lobe, 2 12.3

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Epilepsy:



Diseases related to Epilepsy
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Epilepsy

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UMLS symptoms related to Epilepsy:


seizures, tremor, back pain, pain, headache, syncope, chronic pain, sciatica, vertigo/dizziness, sleeplessness, non-epileptic convulsion

GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Epilepsy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

26
# Description GenomeRNAi Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 Decreased viability GR00221-A-2 10 GABRA1
2 Decreased viability GR00221-A-4 10 GABRA1
3 Decreased viability GR00402-S-2 10 ATP1A3 CACNB4 CHRNA2 CHRNA4 CHRNB2 CLN8
4 no effect GR00402-S-1 9.62 ATP1A3 CACNB4 CHRNA2 CHRNA4 CHRNB2 CLN8

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Epilepsy:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.39 ATP1A3 CACNB4 CHRNA4 CHRNB2 CLN8 EFHC1
2 growth/size/body region MP:0005378 10.28 ATP1A3 CACNB4 CHRNB2 EPM2A GABRA1 GABRB3
3 mortality/aging MP:0010768 10.25 ATP1A3 CACNB4 CHRNA4 CHRNB2 CLN8 EPM2A
4 nervous system MP:0003631 10.13 ATP1A3 CACNB4 CHRNA2 CHRNA4 CHRNB2 CLN8
5 muscle MP:0005369 9.91 ATP1A3 CACNB4 CHRNB2 EFHC1 EPM2A GABRA1
6 hearing/vestibular/ear MP:0005377 9.85 CACNB4 CHRNB2 GABRA1 GABRB3 SCN8A TSHR
7 reproductive system MP:0005389 9.65 CACNB4 CHRNB2 CLN8 GABRA1 GABRB3 GABRG2
8 vision/eye MP:0005391 9.23 CACNB4 CHRNB2 CLN8 LGI1 RELN SCN1B
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Epilepsy

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PubMedHealth treatment related to Epilepsy: 63

The most suitable kind of treatment for a specific person will depend on the type of epilepsy they have and the course of their disease so far. Epilepsy is usually treated with medication known as anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). These include various medications from different groups of drugs. If a certain medication doesn’t work when a low dose is used, the dose can be increased. If it still doesn’t work, a medication from a different group of drugs can be tried out or several medications can be used together.Seizures are often one-off events so no treatment is needed at first. People usually only start treatment if they have a second seizure. But certain people, for instance those with a brain disease, are more likely to have further seizures. In those cases it might be a good idea to start treatment after the first seizure. This will greatly depend on the person’s individual situation. It is important to discuss all the options with your doctor.People who decide to take medication usually take it for many years. Some people can try to stop taking medication after a while if they have not had any seizures for several years. Others have to take medication for the rest of their lives.If seizures can’t be prevented with medication, a surgical procedure may be considered. The options include:Brain surgery: If someone has partial seizures and it is clear which part of the brain is triggering them, that part of the brain can be surgically removed. But this is not always possible.Vagus nerve stimulation: In this procedure, a pacemaker-like device is implanted under the skin of your chest, where it produces electrical signals. It is connected to the vagus nerve in your neck and is meant to prevent the nerve cells from being too active.The treatment is overseen by a neurologist. Children and teenagers with epilepsy will see a pediatric neurologist. Some of the diagnostic tests and treatments are often carried out in a hospital. There are outpatient facilities and clinics that specialize in treatments for people with epilepsy (e.g. epilepsy centers, specialized hospital departments or doctors’ practices). These are particularly suitable if you have a specific problem, if the diagnosis is not clear, or if you keep on having seizures despite treatment.When people with epilepsy have seizures they do not usually need treatment. The most important thing that helpers can do is stay calm and prevent injury. If the seizure lasts longer than five minutes or if several seizures occur within a short space of time, the emergency services should be informed (e.g. by calling 112 in Germany and most European countries, or 911 in the U.S.). Severe epileptic seizures may require a hospital stay.

Drugs for Epilepsy (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 605)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Clobazam Approved, Illicit Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 22316-47-8 2789
2
Methylprednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3 83-43-2 6741
3
Prednisolone phosphate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3 302-25-0
4
Prednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3 50-24-8 5755
5
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Approved Phase 4,Phase 3 2921-57-5
6
Lamotrigine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 84057-84-1 3878
7
Valproic Acid Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 99-66-1 3121
8
Vigabatrin Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 60643-86-9, 68506-86-5 5665
9
Ethosuximide Approved Phase 4,Phase 3 77-67-8 3291
10
Gabapentin Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 60142-96-3 3446
11
Carbamazepine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 298-46-4 2554
12
Oxcarbazepine Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 28721-07-5 34312
13
Tiagabine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 1 115103-54-3 60648
14
Phenytoin Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 57-41-0 1775
15
Topiramate Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 97240-79-4 5284627
16
Nitrazepam Approved Phase 4,Phase 2 146-22-5 4506
17
Acetazolamide Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3 59-66-5 1986
18
Clonazepam Approved, Illicit Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 1622-61-3 2802
19
Zonisamide Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Not Applicable 68291-97-4 5734
20
Phenobarbital Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 50-06-6 4763
21
Felbamate Approved Phase 4 25451-15-4 3331
22
Pregabalin Approved, Illicit, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 148553-50-8 5486971
23
Glucosamine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 3416-24-8 439213
24 Piracetam Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 7491-74-9
25
Propofol Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable 2078-54-8 4943
26
Midazolam Approved, Illicit Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 59467-70-8 4192
27
Ethanol Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 64-17-5 702
28
gamma-Aminobutyric acid Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 56-12-2 119
29
Droperidol Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 548-73-2 3168
30
Lorazepam Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 846-49-1 3958
31
Atropine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Not Applicable 51-55-8, 5908-99-6 174174
32
Diazepam Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 439-14-5 3016
33
Biperiden Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3 514-65-8 2381
34
Dopamine Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 51-61-6, 62-31-7 681
35
Milnacipran Approved, Investigational Phase 4 92623-85-3 65833
36
Lacosamide Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 175481-36-4, 860352-01-8 219078
37
Eslicarbazepine acetate Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 75970-99-9, 236395-14-5 123618
38
Morphine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable 57-27-2 5288826
39 tannic acid Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
40
Benzocaine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 94-09-7, 1994-09-7 2337
41
Tranexamic Acid Approved Phase 4,Phase 3 1197-18-8 5526
42
Everolimus Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 159351-69-6 6442177
43
Sirolimus Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 53123-88-9 46835353 6436030 5284616
44
Miconazole Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Early Phase 1 22916-47-8 4189
45
Amitriptyline Approved Phase 4,Phase 3 50-48-6 2160
46
Ivermectin Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 70288-86-7 6474909
47
Methylphenidate Approved, Investigational Phase 4 113-45-1 4158
48
Levonorgestrel Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 1 17489-40-6, 797-63-7 13109
49
Citalopram Approved Phase 4,Not Applicable 59729-33-8 2771
50
Tocopherol Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Early Phase 1 1406-66-2 14986

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 1824)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Clobazam Adjunctive Treatment of Adults With Refractory Focal Epilepsy Unknown status NCT02726919 Phase 4 Clobazam
2 The Impact of Reducing Overtreatment on Quality of Life in Children With Refractory Epilepsy Unknown status NCT00647322 Phase 4
3 Immunotherapy in Intractable Cryptogenic Epilepsy Patients With Autoimmune Antibody Unknown status NCT02695797 Phase 4 Prednisolone
4 Hormone Profiles in Adults With Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy Unknown status NCT00137709 Phase 4 Sodium valproate;Lamotrigine
5 Ketogenic Diet vs.Antiepileptic Drug Treatment in Drug Resistant Epilepsy Unknown status NCT00552526 Phase 4 Antiepileptic drug (AED)
6 Effects of Perampanel on Cognition and Electroencephalography in Patients With Epilepsy Unknown status NCT02900755 Phase 4 Perampanel
7 Study to Improve the Treatment of Epilepsy (SITE) Unknown status NCT00133081 Phase 4 All registered antiepileptic drugs
8 BEEP Follow Up: Evaluation of Repeatability of Lamotrigine Pharmacokinetics in Epileptic Patients Unknown status NCT02404168 Phase 4 lamotrigine (brand Lamictal);lamotrigine (generic Teva)
9 Compare Tolerability of an Overnight Switch to Gradual Switch Between Two Different Forms of Depakote Unknown status NCT00312676 Phase 4
10 A Trial of Generic Substitution of Antiepileptic Drugs Unknown status NCT02429596 Phase 4 Experimental
11 Effects on the Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Imaging Angiographies of the Supra-Aortic Vessels by Three Different Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents in Patients Unknown status NCT00132223 Phase 4 Contrast agent
12 Levetiracetam Treatment of Children With Subclinical Sleep-Activated Epileptiform Activity (SSEA) Unknown status NCT00393614 Phase 4 levetiracetam
13 Melatonin Versus Placebo in the Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome: Neurophysiological and Neuropsychological Effects Unknown status NCT01370486 Phase 4 melatonin;placebo
14 Comparison of Oral 30 % Dextrose and iv Midazolam Sedation During MRI in Neonates Unknown status NCT02645279 Phase 4 IV midazolam
15 Antispastic Effect of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Patients With Cerebral and Spinal Spasticity Unknown status NCT01786005 Phase 4
16 Clinical Study of Xingnaojing for the Treatment of Convulsive Diseases Unknown status NCT00796380 Phase 4 Xingnaojing
17 The Benefit of Prophylactic Anticonvulsant in Post Cardiac Arrest Syndrome With Induced Mild Hypothermia Unknown status NCT01083784 Phase 4 Use of prophylactic anticonvulsants (valproate, clonazepam);Control group
18 Treatment for Alcohol Dependence With Gabapentin Unknown status NCT02771925 Phase 4 Gabapentin 2g/day divided in two doses for 24 weeks;Placebo 2g/day divided in two doses for 24 weeks
19 Effect of Erythropoietin in Refractory Autoimmune Encephalitis Patients Unknown status NCT03004209 Phase 4 Erythropoietin
20 Optimization of Procedural Sedation Protocol Used for Dental Care Delivery in People With Mental Disability Unknown status NCT02078336 Phase 4 Midazolam Mylan;Lorazepam Mylan;Valium + Akineton + Dehydrobenzperidol + Atropine sulfate
21 Preventive Treatment of Episodic and Chronic Migraine Unknown status NCT01319825 Phase 4 milnacipran
22 Study on the Efficacy of Phenytoin in the Prophylaxis of Seizures of Patients With Pneumococcal Meningitis at Least 50 Yrs Old. Unknown status NCT01478035 Phase 4 Phenytoin;placebo
23 Lamotrigine Cognitive Function Study in Adult Untreated Epilepsies Completed NCT00896987 Phase 4 lamotrigine (Lamictal);Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
24 Equivalence Among Antiepileptic Drug Generic and Brand Products in People With Epilepsy: Single-Dose 6-Period Replicate Design (EQUIGEN Single-Dose Study) Completed NCT01733394 Phase 4 Lamotrigine Generic "A" Lamotrigine Generic "B" Lamotrigine "Brand";lamotrigine
25 Equivalence Among Antiepileptic Drug Generic and Brand Products in People With Epilepsy: Chronic-Dose 4-Period Replicate Design Completed NCT01713777 Phase 4 Lamotrigine Generic "A";Lamotrigine generic "B"
26 Standardized Educational Plan for Epilepsy Patients With Comorbidities Completed NCT01804322 Phase 4
27 Valproate Dose Reduction and Its Clinical Evaluation by Introducing Lamotrigine in Japanese Women With Epilepsy - Single Arm, Multicenter, and Open-label Study Completed NCT02100644 Phase 4 Lamotrigine tablets 25/100 mg
28 Ivermectin Treatment in Patients With Onchocerciasis-associated Epilepsy Completed NCT03052998 Phase 4 Ivermectin
29 Methylphenidate Treatment of Attention Deficits in Epilepsy Completed NCT02178995 Phase 4 Methylphenidate
30 Characterization of Epilepsy Patients BEEP 2b Completed NCT02707965 Phase 4 Oxcarbmazepine (brand name vs generic drugs);Divalproex Sodium (brand name vs generic drugs);Carbamazepine (brand name vs generic drugs);Lamotrigine (brand name vs generic drugs);levetiracetam (brand name vs generic drugs);Topiramate (brand name vs generic drugs);Zonisamide (brand name vs generic drugs);Phenytoin sodium (brand name vs generic drugs)
31 Cognitive and Behavioral Effects of Lacosamide Completed NCT01175954 Phase 4 Lacosamide;Lacosamide
32 RCT of the Efficacy of the Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Epilepsy Completed NCT00564915 Phase 4
33 Women With Epilepsy: a Pilot Study of PK and PD Anti-epileptic Drug Effects in Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System Users Completed NCT02362373 Phase 4 levonorgestrel IUS
34 Levetiracetam for Benign Rolandic Epilepsy Completed NCT00181116 Phase 4 Levetiracetam
35 Open-label, Multi-center Trial of Zonisamide as Adjunctive Therapy in Patients With Uncontrolled Partial Epilepsy Completed NCT01140867 Phase 4 zonisamide
36 A Study to Assess Tolerability and Efficacy of Topiramate Monotherapy in Recently Diagnosed Patients With Epilepsy Completed NCT01689649 Phase 4 Topiramate
37 Safety and Efficacy of Topamax Versus Carbamazepine in Benign Rolandic Epilepsy Completed NCT00216567 Phase 4 topamax
38 Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess Effects of Lacosamide on Sleep and Wake in Adults With Focal Epilepsy Completed NCT01190098 Phase 4 Lacosamide;Placebo
39 Determine Effects of Adjunctive Levetiracetam on Sleep Architecture in Adults With Partial Onset Epilepsy. Completed NCT00245713 Phase 4 levetiracetam
40 Measurement Of Serum Levels Of Two Antiepileptic Drugs During Conversion In Patients With Epilepsy Completed NCT00043914 Phase 4 lamotrigine
41 Effect of Three Different Doses of Oral Cholecalciferol on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Changes Among Epilepsy Patients With Hypovitaminosis D Completed NCT02890823 Phase 4 Cholecalciferol
42 S.K.A.T.E.: Safety of Keppra as Adjunctive Therapy in Epilepsy Completed NCT00630968 Phase 4 Levetiracetam (Keppra)
43 Levetiracetam Versus Oxcarbazepine as Monotherapy to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety in Subjects With Newly or Recently Diagnosed Partial Epilepsy Completed NCT01498822 Phase 4 Levetiracetam;Oxcarbazepine
44 Study of Valproate in Young Patients Suffering From Epilepsy Completed NCT00385411 Phase 4 valproate microgranules
45 Switchability Study Between Brand and Generic Topiramate Completed NCT02113787 Phase 4
46 Open Label Safety and Efficacy Study of Levetiracetam in Patients With Epilepsy Completed NCT00160654 Phase 4 Levetiracetam
47 Study on the Treatment of Elderly Patients With Older and Newer Antiepileptic Drugs Completed NCT00438451 Phase 4 Levetiracetam;Carbamazepine;Lamotrigine
48 Trial to Assess Lacosamide as the First add-on Anti-epileptic Drug Treatment in Patients With Partial-onset Seizures Completed NCT00955357 Phase 4 Lacosamide
49 Methylphenidate for Treating Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children With Both ADHD and Epilepsy Completed NCT00323947 Phase 4 Extended Release Methylphenidate (OROS-Methylphenidate)
50 A Study to Evaluate the Dosing, Effectiveness and Safety of Topiramate for the Treatment of Epilepsy Completed NCT00266604 Phase 4 Topiramate

Search NIH Clinical Center for Epilepsy

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 73 / NDF-RT 51 :


Cochrane evidence based reviews: epilepsy

Sources

Genetic Tests for Epilepsy

About this section

Genetic tests related to Epilepsy:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Epilepsy 29
Sources

Anatomical Context for Epilepsy

About this section

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Epilepsy:

41
Temporal Lobe, Brain, Testes, Cortex, Bone, Heart, Amygdala
Sources

Publications for Epilepsy

About this section

Articles related to Epilepsy:

(show top 50) (show all 10171)
# Title Authors Year
1
Epilepsy in Pregnancy. ( 30470275 )
2019
2
Diffuse Low-Grade Glioma-Related Epilepsy. ( 30470404 )
2019
3
Chemical biomarkers of epileptogenesis and ictogenesis in experimental epilepsy. ( 30304705 )
2019
4
Subjective and physiological response to emotions in temporal lobe epilepsy and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. ( 30312840 )
2019
5
The anticonvulsant lamotrigine enhances Ih in layer 2/3 neocortical pyramidal neurons of patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. ( 30315843 )
2019
6
Positive modulation of mGluR5 attenuates seizures and reduces TNF-α+ macrophages and microglia in the brain in a murine model of virus-induced temporal lobe epilepsy. ( 30316834 )
2019
7
Alzheimer's disease and late-onset epilepsy of unknown origin: two faces of beta amyloid pathology. ( 30317034 )
2019
8
Stroke-related epilepsy. ( 30320425 )
2019
9
Mycophenolate mofetil contributes to downregulation of the hippocampal interleukin type 2 and 1β mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway hyperactivation and attenuates neurobehavioral comorbidities in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy. ( 30243822 )
2019
10
Antiepileptic monotherapy in newly diagnosed focal epilepsy. A network meta-analysis. ( 30194755 )
2019
11
A novel missense mutation of the STS gene in two siblings with X-linked ichthyosis, complicated by short stature, bone density reduction, epilepsy, and cryptorchidism. ( 30221377 )
2019
12
Cortical thinning in epilepsy patients with postictal generalized electroencephalography suppression. ( 30153362 )
2019
13
Resective Surgery for Double Epileptic Foci Overlapping Anterior and Posterior Language Areas: A Case of Epilepsy With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex. ( 29867747 )
2018
14
Pseudobulbar Affect Due to Skull Base Meningioma Resolving After Temporal Lobectomy for Epilepsy. ( 29747704 )
2018
15
SPECT perfusion changes during ictal automatisms with preserved responsiveness in patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy. ( 29396356 )
2018
16
Ganglioglioma, Epilepsy, and Intellectual Impairment due to Familial TSC1 Deletion. ( 29687738 )
2018
17
Individualized prediction of seizure relapse and outcomes following antiepileptic drug withdrawal after pediatric epilepsy surgery. ( 29446447 )
2018
18
Re: Field testing of ICHD-3 beta criteria of periictal headache in patients with focal epilepsy - a prospective diary study. ( 29754499 )
2018
19
Progressive myoclonus epilepsy without renal failure in a Chinese family with a novel mutation in SCARB2 gene and literature review. ( 29605618 )
2018
20
Allocation of Treatment Responsibility in Adolescents With Epilepsy: Associations With Cognitive Skills and Medication Adherence. ( 29447360 )
2018
21
Magnetic resonance imaging of tuberous sclerosis complex with or without epilepsy at 7A T. ( 29869697 )
2018
22
Focal Epilepsy in a Teenager With Facial Atrophy and Hair Loss. ( 29961525 )
2018
23
Retinal Neuronal Loss in Visually Asymptomatic Patients With Myoclonic Epilepsy With Ragged-Red Fibers. ( 29979334 )
2018
24
TOP3B: A Novel Candidate Gene in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy? ( 29490292 )
2018
25
Anti-epileptogenic and Anti-convulsive Effects of Fingolimod in Experimental Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. ( 29934763 )
2018
26
Predictive value of preoperative statistical parametric mapping of regional glucose metabolism in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. ( 29247965 )
2018
27
Widespread abnormalities in white matter integrity and their relationship with duration of illness in temporal lobe epilepsy. ( 29881803 )
2018
28
A novel mutation in LAMC3 associated with generalized polymicrogyria of the cortex and epilepsy. ( 29247375 )
2018
29
Childhood-onset generalized epilepsy in Bainbridge-Ropers syndrome. ( 29367179 )
2018
30
Epileptiform activity in traumatic brain injury predicts post-traumatic epilepsy. ( 29537656 )
2018
31
Differential patterns of dynamic functional connectivity variability of striato-cortical circuitry in children with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. ( 29206330 )
2018
32
High prevalence of epilepsy in two rural onchocerciasis endemic villages in the Mahenge area, Tanzania, after 20A years of community directed treatment with ivermectin. ( 29921319 )
2018
33
Multimodal Imaging in Extratemporal Epilepsy Surgery. ( 29796351 )
2018
34
New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) and febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES): State of the art and perspectives. ( 29476535 )
2018
35
Cardiac arrhythmia and neuroexcitability gene variants in resected brain tissue from patients with sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). ( 29619247 )
2018
36
Losigamone add-on therapy for focal epilepsy. ( 29355908 )
2018
37
Attention profiles in childhood absence epilepsy compared with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. ( 28992996 )
2018
38
[<sup>18</sup>F]GE180 positron emission tomographic imaging indicates a potential double-hit insult in the intrahippocampal kainate mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy. ( 29364511 )
2018
39
Whole-exome sequencing to disentangle the complex genetics of hippocampal sclerosis-temporal lobe epilepsy. ( 29904719 )
2018
40
Tolerability of a comprehensive cardiorespiratory monitoring protocol in an epilepsy monitoring unit. ( 29981497 )
2018
41
Progressive topological disorganization of brain network in focal epilepsy. ( 29344935 )
2018
42
Magnetoencephalographic imaging of ictal high-frequency oscillations (80-200A Hz) in pharmacologically resistant focal epilepsy. ( 29111591 )
2018
43
Increased risk of hospital admission for ICD-9-CM psychotic episodes following admission for epilepsy. ( 29974458 )
2018
44
Algorithm for automatic detection of spontaneous seizures in rats with post-traumatic epilepsy. ( 29936072 )
2018
45
New onset epilepsy among patients with periodic discharges on continuous electroencephalographic monitoring. ( 29974460 )
2018
46
Oxidative stress in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy and mesial temporal sclerosis: Possible association with major depressive disorder? ( 29414551 )
2018
47
Identification of a Novel Homozygous Splice-Site Mutation in <i>SCARB2</i> that Causes Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy with or without Renal Failure. ( 29941711 )
2018
48
GRIN2A mutations in epilepsy-aphasia spectrum disorders. ( 29056244 )
2018
49
Rare variants and de novo variants in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. ( 29904720 )
2018
50
Long-term surveillance of SUDEP in drug-resistant epilepsy patients treated with VNS therapy. ( 29336017 )
2018