Home
User Guide
What's in a MalaCard Search Guide Our Sources
Analysis Tools
GeneCards GeneAnalytics GeneAlaCart PathCards VarElect TGex
News and Views Disease Lists/Categories
About
About MalaCards Our Publications Weizmann Institute LifeMap Discovery® Terms of Use MalaCards Team
MCID: EXT022
MIFTS: 40

Exotropia

Categories: Eye diseases, Neuronal diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Drugs
Sources

Aliases & Classifications for Exotropia

About this section

MalaCards integrated aliases for Exotropia:

Name: Exotropia 12 77 30 6 15 74
Divergent Concomitant Strabismus 12
Divergent Strabismus 12

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Eye diseases Neuronal diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 34


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:1143
ICD9CM 36 378.1 378.10
MeSH 45 D005099
NCIt 51 C34601
SNOMED-CT 69 75400001
ICD10 34 H50.1 H50.10
UMLS 74 C0015310
Sources

Summaries for Exotropia

About this section
MalaCards based summary : Exotropia, also known as divergent concomitant strabismus, is related to esotropia and strabismus. An important gene associated with Exotropia is FBN1 (Fibrillin 1). The drugs Acetylcholine and Pharmaceutical Solutions have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include eye, testes and pineal.

Wikipedia : 77 Exotropia is a form of strabismus where the eyes are deviated outward. It is the opposite of esotropia... more...

Sources

Related Diseases for Exotropia

About this section

Diseases related to Exotropia via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 86)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 esotropia 31.8 CHN1 ROBO3
2 strabismus 30.6 CHN1 KIF21A PHOX2A
3 hypertropia 30.4 CHN1 KIF21A
4 amblyopia 30.0 CHN1 PHOX2A
5 hypotropia 30.0 CHN1 KIF21A PHOX2A
6 duane retraction syndrome 29.8 CHN1 KIF21A TNNI3K
7 alternating exotropia 12.5
8 monocular exotropia 12.2
9 mehes syndrome 11.3
10 elsahy-waters syndrome 11.1
11 focal facial dermal dysplasia 3, setleis type 11.1
12 lowry-maclean syndrome 11.1
13 miles-carpenter syndrome 11.1
14 mental retardation smith fineman myers type 11.1
15 monocular esotropia 10.7
16 mechanical strabismus 10.6
17 myopia 10.3
18 internuclear ophthalmoplegia 10.3
19 fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 2 10.2 KIF21A PHOX2A
20 facial nerve disease 10.2 KIF21A PHOX2A
21 pectus excavatum 10.2 ACAN FBN1
22 ptosis 10.2
23 pathologic nystagmus 10.2
24 autonomic nervous system disease 10.1 PHOX2A PHOX2B
25 aortic valve disease 1 10.1 ACAN CDH11 FBN1
26 hypertelorism 10.1
27 suppression amblyopia 10.1
28 refractive error 10.1
29 accommodative esotropia 10.1
30 idiopathic scoliosis 10.0 ACAN FBN1
31 enophthalmos 10.0 CHN1 TNNI3K
32 orbital disease 10.0 CHN1 TNNI3K
33 anisocoria 10.0
34 keratoconus 10.0
35 supranuclear ocular palsy 10.0
36 isolated duane retraction syndrome 10.0
37 deafness, autosomal dominant 28 10.0 CHN1 KIF21A
38 situs inversus 9.9
39 dextrocardia 9.9
40 paralytic squint 9.9 CHN1 KIF21A PHOX2A
41 cranial nerve disease 9.9 CHN1 KIF21A PHOX2A
42 crouzon syndrome 9.9
43 multiple sclerosis 9.9
44 duane retraction syndrome 1 9.9
45 frontonasal dysplasia 1 9.9
46 hemifacial atrophy, progressive 9.9
47 attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder 9.9
48 marfan syndrome 9.9
49 medulloblastoma 9.9
50 ocular dominance 9.9

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Exotropia:



Diseases related to Exotropia
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Exotropia

About this section
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Exotropia

About this section

Drugs for Exotropia (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 19)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Acetylcholine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable 51-84-3 187
2 Pharmaceutical Solutions Phase 4
3 Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors Phase 4,Not Applicable
4 Neurotransmitter Agents Phase 4,Not Applicable
5 Botulinum Toxins, Type A Phase 4
6 Neuromuscular Agents Phase 4
7 abobotulinumtoxinA Phase 4
8 Peripheral Nervous System Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable
9 Cholinergic Agents Phase 4,Not Applicable
10 Botulinum Toxins Phase 4,Not Applicable
11
Bupivacaine Approved, Investigational Phase 2, Phase 3 38396-39-3, 2180-92-9 2474
12
Racepinephrine Approved Phase 2, Phase 3 329-65-7 838
13
Epinephrine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 2, Phase 3 51-43-4 5816
14 Epinephryl borate Phase 2, Phase 3
15 Anesthetics Phase 2, Phase 3,Not Applicable
16 Central Nervous System Depressants Phase 2, Phase 3
17 Anesthetics, Local Phase 2, Phase 3
18 Autonomic Agents Not Applicable
19 Mydriatics Not Applicable

Interventional clinical trials:

(show all 28)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Comparison of Two Treatments for Strabismus Correction: Botulinum Toxin A Associated to Surgery and Surgery Alone Completed NCT01460355 Phase 4 Botulinum Toxin Type A;saline solution
2 Orthoptic Changes Following Photorefractive Keratectomy Completed NCT01279993 Phase 3
3 Bupivacaine Injection of Eye Muscles to Treat Strabismus Recruiting NCT01616108 Phase 2, Phase 3 Bupivacaine
4 Comparison of Medial Rectus Resection and Plication in Exotropic Patients Not yet recruiting NCT03768362 Phase 2, Phase 3
5 Study of Non-surgical Treatment Versus Observation in Asian Children With Intermittent Exotropia Terminated NCT01267500 Phase 2
6 Lateral Rectus Muscle and Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) in Two Recession Surgeries Unknown status NCT02450162
7 A Pilot Clinical Trial of Overminus Spectacle Therapy for Intermittent Exotropia Completed NCT02223650 Not Applicable
8 Early Results of Slanted Recession of the Lateral Rectus Muscle for Intermittent Exotropia With Convergence Weakness Completed NCT02131792 Not Applicable
9 Observation Versus Occlusion Therapy for Intermittent Exotropia Completed NCT01032330 Not Applicable
10 A Novel Diagnostic Method for Exotropia Using Video-oculography Completed NCT03119311 Not Applicable
11 The Effect of Oculo-Motor Exercises in Intermittent Exotropia Completed NCT03661476 Not Applicable
12 Surgery and Convergence Insufficiency Intermittent Exotropia Completed NCT01435876 Not Applicable
13 Lateral Rectus Muscle and Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) Completed NCT02383381
14 Protective Effect of Biodegradable Collagen Implant (Ologen) in Scleral Thinning After Strabismus Surgery Completed NCT02699580 Not Applicable
15 Strabismus Surgery and Driving Ability Completed NCT02570555
16 Assessing the Functional and Psychosocial Impact of Strabismus in Asian Children Using the AS-20 and IXTQ Questionnaires Completed NCT01608828
17 Study of Surgical Treatment Versus Observation in Children With Moderate Intermittent Exotropia Recruiting NCT02736526 Not Applicable
18 Monitored Controlled Intermittent Alternate Occlusion (CIAO) Therapy for Intermittent Exotropia Recruiting NCT02902887 Not Applicable
19 Basic Intermittent Exotropia and Risk Factors for Postoperative Overcorrection and Under Correction Recruiting NCT03153423 Not Applicable
20 Office Based Vergence and Accommodative Therapy and Intermittent Exotropia Active, not recruiting NCT03321838 Not Applicable
21 Bilateral Lateral Rectus Recession Versus Unilateral Recess-Resect for Intermittent Exotropia Active, not recruiting NCT01032603 Not Applicable
22 Trial of Overminus Spectacle Therapy for Intermittent Exotropia Active, not recruiting NCT02807350 Not Applicable
23 Overminus Lens Therapy in Intermittent Active, not recruiting NCT03952702
24 The Analysis of Ocular Deviations Between Dominant and Non-dominant Eye Using Video-oculography (VOG) in Intermittent Exotropia Enrolling by invitation NCT03641040 Not Applicable
25 Part-time Patch Therapy for Treatment of Intermittent Exotropia Not yet recruiting NCT03700632 Not Applicable
26 The Effect of Light Deprivation on Visual Functions in Adult Amblyopes Not yet recruiting NCT02799836 Not Applicable
27 Botulinum Toxin Augmented Surgery vs Conventional Surgery in the Management of Large Angle Infantile Esotropia Not yet recruiting NCT03266549 Not Applicable
28 Controlled Intermittent Alternate Occlusion (CIAO) Therapy for Intermittent Exotropia Terminated NCT02466659 Not Applicable

Search NIH Clinical Center for Exotropia

Sources

Genetic Tests for Exotropia

About this section

Genetic tests related to Exotropia:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Exotropia 30
Sources

Anatomical Context for Exotropia

About this section

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Exotropia:

42
Eye, Testes, Pineal, Thyroid, Brain, Cortex, Bone
Sources

Publications for Exotropia

About this section

Articles related to Exotropia:

(show top 50) (show all 782)
# Title Authors Year
1
Surgical management of intermittent exotropia: do we have an answer for all? ( 30997406 )
2019
2
The stereoacuity-dependent concordance between preferred fixating eye and sighting dominant eye in paediatric intermittent exotropia. ( 31045457 )
2019
3
Gaze-Provoked Exotropia in a Young Woman. ( 31046107 )
2019
4
Clinical and surgical risk factors for consecutive exotropia. ( 29667435 )
2019
5
A Randomized Trial Comparing Bilateral Lateral Rectus Recession versus Unilateral Recess and Resect for Basic-Type Intermittent Exotropia. ( 30189281 )
2019
6
Intermittent Exotropia Treatment with Dichoptic Visual Training Using a Unique Virtual Reality Platform. ( 30457355 )
2019
7
Bilateral Lateral Rectus Recession for the Treatment of Recurrent Exotropia after Bilateral Medial Rectus Resection. ( 30522110 )
2019
8
Treatment of Intermittent Exotropia of the Convergence Insufficiency Type with Bupivacaine 0.75%: 5-Year Experience and Outcomes. ( 30615567 )
2019
9
Evaluation of dynamic stereopsis in intermittent exotropia patients. ( 30662845 )
2019
10
Survival analysis of adult and children intermittent exotropia using a matched case-control design. ( 30679772 )
2019
11
Bilateral Lateral Rectus Recession vs. Unilateral Recess-Resect for Intermittent Exotropia. ( 30683181 )
2019
12
Three-Year Observation of Children 3 to 10 Years of Age with Untreated Intermittent Exotropia. ( 30690128 )
2019
13
Intermittent exotropia evaluation using the propedeutics proposed by Kushner: a 25-year study. ( 30698229 )
2019
14
Comparison of bilateral medial rectus plication and resection for the treatment of convergence insufficiency-type intermittent exotropia. ( 30740923 )
2019
15
The effect of alternate occlusion on control of intermittent exotropia in children. ( 30755034 )
2019
16
Long-term surgical outcomes of bilateral vs. unilateral medial rectus resection for recurrent exotropia. ( 30814655 )
2019
17
Comparison of surgical outcomes between bilateral recession and unilateral recession-resection in moderate-angle intermittent exotropia. ( 30851413 )
2019
18
Long-term surgical outcomes of patients with consecutive exotropia. ( 30868234 )
2019
19
Torsional Changes After Vertical Transposition of Horizontal Recti in V-pattern Exotropia Without Oblique Dysfunction. ( 30889265 )
2019
20
Horizontal Saccadic Velocity in Patients with Exotropia before and after Unilateral Resection and Recession Surgery. ( 30895156 )
2019
21
Surgical outcomes of intermittent exotropia according to exotropia type based on distance/near differences. ( 30908548 )
2019
22
Surgical and sensory outcomes in patients with intermittent exotropia according to preoperative refractive error. ( 30932034 )
2019
23
Long-term outcomes of bilateral lateral rectus recession versus unilateral lateral rectus recession-medial rectus plication in children with basic type intermittent exotropia. ( 30944460 )
2019
24
Reduction of Consecutive Esotropia Using Modified Contralateral Recession and Resection for Recurrent Intermittent Exotropia. ( 28991342 )
2018
25
Esotropia and Exotropia Preferred Practice Pattern®. ( 29108746 )
2018
26
The difference of surgical outcomes between manifest exotropia and esotropia. ( 29922977 )
2018
27
Optic Nerve Sheath Tethering in Adduction Occurs in Esotropia and Hypertropia, But Not in Exotropia. ( 30025141 )
2018
28
Comparison of recurrent esotropia and consecutive exotropia with horizontal muscle reoperation in infantile esotropia. ( 30328559 )
2018
29
Divergence Excess Intermittent Exotropia: Long-Term Effect of Augmented Bilateral Lateral Rectus Recession. ( 28521562 )
2018
30
Altered brain network centrality in patients with adult comitant exotropia strabismus: A resting-state fMRI study. ( 28679330 )
2018
31
Surgical Outcome of Intermittent Exotropia With Improvement in Control Grade Subsequent to Part-time Preoperative Occlusion Therapy. ( 28991346 )
2018
32
Comparison of adjustable sutures versus nonadjustable sutures in intermittent exotropia. ( 29077181 )
2018
33
Early versus late surgery for infantile exotropia. ( 29158152 )
2018
34
Surgical outcomes of three different surgical techniques for treatment of convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia. ( 29271419 )
2018
35
Exotropia and hypotropia as the initial presentation sign of thyroid eye disease in an 18-year-old man. ( 29288834 )
2018
36
Variability of preoperative measurements in intermittent exotropia and its effect on surgical outcome. ( 29289689 )
2018
37
Early postoperative changes of motor alignment after surgery for intermittent exotropia. ( 29305730 )
2018
38
Bilateral lateral rectus recession versus unilateral recession resection for basic intermittent exotropia: a meta-analysis. ( 29368040 )
2018
39
Effects of Surgical Assistant's Level of Resident Training on Surgical Treatment of Intermittent Exotropia: Operation Time and Surgical Outcomes. ( 29376227 )
2018
40
Comparison of the characteristics of patients with intermittent exotropia according to response to diagnostic monocular occlusion. ( 29383541 )
2018
41
Re: Economides et al.: Capturing the moment of fusion loss in intermittent exotropia (Ophthalmology. 2017;124;496-504). ( 29389411 )
2018
42
Acute transient large-angle exotropia caused by traumatic orbital contusion. ( 29482420 )
2018
43
Clinical and Histopathologic Features of Consecutive Exotropia. ( 29494263 )
2018
44
The fast exodrift after the first surgical treatment of exotropia and its correlation with surgical outcome of second surgery. ( 29499664 )
2018
45
The clinical effect of surgical timing in infantile exotropia. ( 29526714 )
2018
46
Role of fusional convergence amplitude in postoperative phoria maintenance in children with intermittent exotropia. ( 29556848 )
2018
47
A quantitative analysis method for comitant exotropia using video-oculography with alternate cover. ( 29566654 )
2018
48
Analysis of alterations in white matter integrity of adult patients with comitant exotropia. ( 29569963 )
2018
49
Congenital Bilateral Inferior Rectus Muscle Absence with A-type Exotropia. ( 29611375 )
2018
50
Factors affecting surgical outcome of intermittent exotropia. ( 29675346 )
2018
Sources

Variations for Exotropia

About this section

ClinVar genetic disease variations for Exotropia:

6
# Gene Variation Type Significance SNP ID Assembly Location
1 46;XY;t(6;11)(q23;q21)or(q25;q21)dn Translocation Uncertain significance
2 46;X;inv(X)(p11.4q24)dn inversion Pathogenic
3 46;XY;t(1;14)(q42;q13) Translocation Uncertain significance
4 NR2F1 NM_005654.6(NR2F1): c.265T> C (p.Cys89Arg) single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance GRCh37 Chromosome 5, 92920994: 92920994
5 NR2F1 NM_005654.6(NR2F1): c.265T> C (p.Cys89Arg) single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance GRCh38 Chromosome 5, 93585288: 93585288
Sources

Expression for Exotropia

About this section
Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Exotropia.
Sources

Pathways for Exotropia

About this section
Sources

GO Terms for Exotropia

About this section

Cellular components related to Exotropia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular matrix GO:0031012 9.13 ACAN AMTN FBN1
2 basement membrane GO:0005604 8.8 ACAN AMTN FBN1

Biological processes related to Exotropia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 skeletal system development GO:0001501 9.43 ACAN CDH11 FBN1
2 dopaminergic neuron differentiation GO:0071542 9.32 PHOX2A PHOX2B
3 sympathetic nervous system development GO:0048485 9.16 PHOX2A PHOX2B
4 noradrenergic neuron differentiation GO:0003357 8.96 PHOX2A PHOX2B
5 parasympathetic nervous system development GO:0048486 8.62 PHOX2A PHOX2B
Sources

Sources for Exotropia

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
20 FMA
29 GO
30 GTR
31 HGMD
32 HMDB
33 HPO
34 ICD10
35 ICD10 via Orphanet
36 ICD9CM
37 IUPHAR
38 KEGG
39 LifeMap
41 LOVD
43 MedGen
45 MeSH
46 MESH via Orphanet
47 MGI
50 NCI
51 NCIt
52 NDF-RT
55 NINDS
56 Novoseek
58 OMIM
59 OMIM via Orphanet
63 PubMed
65 QIAGEN
70 SNOMED-CT via HPO
71 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
72 TGDB
73 Tocris
74 UMLS
75 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Content
Loading form....