Fibrosis of Extraocular Muscles, Congenital, 1 (CFEOM1)

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OMIM 57 135700 MedGen 42 C1851102 C2751105 MeSH 44 D005355 D009886

SNOMED-CT via HPO 69 263681008 16596007 399054005 399252000 400946004 more UMLS 73 C1851102 C1302995 C2751105 C0016059 more

OMIM : ⁵⁷ Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) encompasses several different inherited strabismus syndromes characterized by congenital restrictive ophthalmoplegia affecting extraocular muscles innervated by the oculomotor and/or trochlear nerves. Classic CFEOM is characterized by bilateral blepharoptosis and ophthalmoplegia with the eyes fixed in an infraducted position about 20 to 30 degrees below the horizontal midline. Involvement of the horizontal extraocular muscles is variable. If all affected members of a family have the classic phenotype with bilateral involvement, the disorder is referred to as 'CFEOM1' (Engle et al., 1997; Heidary et al., 2008). CFEOM2 (602078), an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation in the ARIX gene (602753) on chromosome 11q13, is characterized by bilateral ptosis with eyes fixed in an exotropic position. The CFEOM3 phenotype shows more variable clinical features: affected individuals may have unilateral eye involvement, may be able raise their eyes above midline, or may not have blepharoptosis. CFEOM3 is diagnosed in a family if even 1 member does not have classic findings of the disorder. CFEOM3 is a genetically heterogeneous disorder; CFEOM3A with or without extraocular involvement (600638) is caused by mutation in the TUBB3 gene (602661) on chromosome 16q24; CFEOM3B is caused by mutation in the KIF21A gene (608283) on chromosome 12q12; and CFEOM3C (609384) maps to chromosome 13q. CFEOM4 (609428), also known as Tukel syndrome, maps to chromosome 21q. CFEOM5 (616219) is caused by mutation in the COL25A1 gene (610004) on chromosome 4q25. See also NOMENCLATURE below. (135700)

MalaCards based summary : Fibrosis of Extraocular Muscles, Congenital, 1, also known as fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 3b, is related to cystic fibrosis and pulmonary fibrosis, idiopathic, and has symptoms including seizures, muscle weakness and fever. An important gene associated with Fibrosis of Extraocular Muscles, Congenital, 1 is KIF21A (Kinesin Family Member 21A). Affiliated tissues include eye, bone and lung, and related phenotypes are esotropia and exotropia

Genetics Home Reference : ²⁵ Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles is a disorder that affects the muscles that surround the eyes. These muscles control eye movement and the position of the eyes (for example, looking straight ahead). Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles prevents the normal development and function of these muscles. As a result, affected individuals are unable to move their eyes normally. Most people with this condition have difficulty looking upward, and their side-to-side eye movement may also be limited. The eyes may be misaligned such that they look in different directions (strabismus). Instead of moving their eyes, affected individuals may need to turn their head to track moving objects. Additionally, many people with congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles have droopy eyelids (ptosis), which further limits their vision.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot : ⁷⁵ Fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 1: A congenital ocular motility disorder marked by restrictive ophthalmoplegia affecting extraocular muscles innervated by the oculomotor and/or trochlear nerves. It is clinically characterized by anchoring of the eyes in downward gaze, ptosis, and backward tilt of the head. Patients affected by congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles type 1 show an absence of the superior division of the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III) and corresponding oculomotor subnuclei. Fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 3B: A congenital ocular motility disorder marked by restrictive ophthalmoplegia affecting extraocular muscles innervated by the oculomotor and/or trochlear nerves. It is clinically characterized by anchoring of the eyes in downward gaze, ptosis, and backward tilt of the head. Congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles type 3 presents as a non-progressive, autosomal dominant disorder with variable expression. Patients may be bilaterally or unilaterally affected, and their oculo-motility defects range from complete ophthalmoplegia (with the eyes fixed in a hypo- and exotropic position), to mild asymptomatic restrictions of ocular movement. Ptosis, refractive error, amblyopia, and compensatory head positions are associated with the more severe forms of the disorder. In some cases, the ocular phenotype is accompanied by additional features including developmental delay, corpus callosum agenesis, basal ganglia dysmorphism, facial weakness, polyneuropathy.

Wikipedia : ⁷⁶ Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles, or CFEOM, is a class of rare genetic disorders... more...

Clinical features from OMIM:

135700

Search Clinical Trials , NIH Clinical Center for Fibrosis of Extraocular Muscles, Congenital, 1

potassium aminobenzoate

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Fibrosis of Extraocular Muscles, Congenital, 1.