Home
User Guide
What's in a MalaCard Search Guide Our Sources
Analysis Tools
GeneCards GeneAnalytics GeneAlaCart PathCards VarElect TGex
News and Views Disease Lists/Categories
About
About MalaCards Our Publications Weizmann Institute LifeMap Discovery® Terms of Use MalaCards Team
MCID: GLC096
MIFTS: 47

Galactorrhea

Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
Sources

Aliases & Classifications for Galactorrhea

About this section

MalaCards integrated aliases for Galactorrhea:

Name: Galactorrhea 57 76 37 29 73
Galactorrhea Not Associated with Childbirth 73
Galactorrhea Associated with Childbirth 73

Characteristics:

OMIM:

57
Inheritance:
autosomal recessive


HPO:

32
galactorrhea:
Inheritance autosomal recessive inheritance


External Ids:

OMIM 57 230300
MedGen 42 C3665358
KEGG 37 H01607
SNOMED-CT via HPO 69 258211005 287085006 42030000
Sources

Summaries for Galactorrhea

About this section
MalaCards based summary : Galactorrhea, also known as galactorrhea not associated with childbirth, is related to hyperprolactinemia and pituitary adenoma, prolactin-secreting, and has symptoms including nipple discharge, signs and symptoms in breast and female endocrine problem. An important gene associated with Galactorrhea is PRL (Prolactin), and among its related pathways/superpathways are PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and Adipogenesis. The drugs Zinc and Aripiprazole have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include pituitary, breast and testes, and related phenotypes are abnormality of the thorax and galactorrhea

Wikipedia : 76 Galactorrhea (also spelled galactorrhoea) (galacto- + -rrhea) or lactorrhea (lacto- + -rrhea) is the... more...

Description from OMIM: 230300
Sources

Related Diseases for Galactorrhea

About this section

Diseases related to Galactorrhea via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 126)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 hyperprolactinemia 31.9 PRLR PRL IGF1 DRD2
2 pituitary adenoma, prolactin-secreting 31.8 PRL IGF1 DRD2
3 acromegaly 30.3 IGF1 PRL
4 pituitary tumors 30.2 IGF1 PRL
5 empty sella syndrome 30.0 IGF1 PRL
6 craniopharyngioma 29.9 IGF1 PRL
7 hypopituitarism 29.9 IGF1 PRL
8 polycystic ovary syndrome 29.8 IGF1 PRL
9 chromophobe adenoma 29.8 PRL PRLR
10 mccune-albright syndrome 29.7 IGF1 PRL
11 pituitary gland disease 29.7 IGF1 PRL
12 prolactin producing pituitary tumor 29.6 DRD2 PRL
13 neuroleptic malignant syndrome 29.5 CYP2D6 DRD2
14 bipolar disorder 29.3 DRD2 IGF1 PRL
15 obsessive-compulsive disorder 29.3 CYP2D6 DRD2 PRL
16 schizophrenia 29.0 CYP2D6 DRD2 PRL
17 amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome 12.2
18 galactorrhoea-hyperprolactinaemia 11.6
19 ahumada del castillo syndrome 11.5
20 amenorrhea 10.9
21 hypothyroidism 10.4
22 gynecomastia 10.2
23 adenoma 10.1
24 infertility 10.1
25 pituitary infarct 10.1 IGF1 PRL
26 pseudohypoparathyroidism, type ia 10.1 IGF1 PRL
27 sheehan syndrome 10.1 IGF1 PRL
28 mammographic density 10.1 IGF1 PRL
29 hyperpituitarism 10.1 IGF1 PRL
30 pituitary adenoma 1, multiple types 10.1 IGF1 PRL
31 fibromyalgia 10.1 IGF1 PRL
32 hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 4 10.1 IGF1 PRL
33 endocrine organ benign neoplasm 10.1 IGF1 PRL
34 pituitary hormone deficiency, combined, 2 10.1 IGF1 PRL
35 fibrous dysplasia 10.1 IGF1 PRL
36 anovulation 10.1 IGF1 PRL
37 infant gynecomastia 10.1
38 acanthosis nigricans 10.1 IGF1 PRL
39 cell type benign neoplasm 10.0 IGF1 PRL
40 hyperandrogenism 10.0 IGF1 PRL
41 gonadal disease 10.0 IGF1 PRL
42 acquired metabolic disease 10.0 IGF1 PRL
43 reproductive system disease 10.0 IGF1 PRL
44 hypogonadism 10.0
45 diabetes insipidus 10.0
46 schizophreniform disorder 10.0 DRD2 PRL
47 insulin-like growth factor i 10.0 IGF1 PRL
48 social phobia 10.0 DRD2 PRL
49 peripartum cardiomyopathy 10.0 DRD2 PRL
50 functioning pituitary adenoma 10.0 DRD2 PRL

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Galactorrhea:



Diseases related to Galactorrhea
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Galactorrhea

About this section

Symptoms via clinical synopsis from OMIM:

57
Thorax:
nonpuerperal galactorrhea

G U:
oligoovulation


Clinical features from OMIM:

230300

Human phenotypes related to Galactorrhea:

32
# Description HPO Frequency HPO Source Accession
1 abnormality of the thorax 32 HP:0000765
2 galactorrhea 32 HP:0100829
3 abnormality of the genitourinary system 32 HP:0000119

UMLS symptoms related to Galactorrhea:


nipple discharge, signs and symptoms in breast, female endocrine problem, discharge, nipple, female

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Galactorrhea:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 9.56 DRD2 IGF1 PRL PRLR
2 integument MP:0010771 9.46 DRD2 IGF1 PRL PRLR
3 neoplasm MP:0002006 9.26 DRD2 IGF1 PRL PRLR
4 reproductive system MP:0005389 8.92 DRD2 IGF1 PRL PRLR
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Galactorrhea

About this section

Drugs for Galactorrhea (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 18)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Zinc Approved, Investigational Not Applicable 7440-66-6
2
Aripiprazole Approved, Investigational Not Applicable 129722-12-9 60795
3
Dopamine Approved 51-61-6, 62-31-7 681
4
Risperidone Approved, Investigational 106266-06-2 5073
5 Radiopharmaceuticals Not Applicable
6 Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi Not Applicable
7 Psychotropic Drugs Not Applicable
8 Tranquilizing Agents Not Applicable
9 Hormones Not Applicable
10 Antipsychotic Agents Not Applicable
11 Central Nervous System Depressants Not Applicable
12 Quetiapine Fumarate 111974-72-2
13 Neurotransmitter Agents
14 Dopamine Antagonists
15 Serotonin Agents
16 Dopamine Agents
17 Serotonin Antagonists
18
Serotonin Investigational, Nutraceutical 50-67-9 5202

Interventional clinical trials:

(show all 11)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 The Safety and Efficacy of Recombinant Human Prolactin Completed NCT00438490 Phase 2 Recombinant Human Prolactin
2 Prenatal Lactation-Focused Motivational Interviewing Unknown status NCT03033459 Not Applicable
3 Molecular Breast Imaging in Patients With a History of Bloody Nipple Discharge Completed NCT00566280 Not Applicable
4 Double-Blind Placebo Controlled Study of Adjunctive Aripiprazole for Symptomatic Hyperprolactinemia In Premenopausal Women With Schizophrenia Completed NCT01338298 Not Applicable Aripiprazole;Placebo
5 Changes in Hyperprolactinemia Secondary to Antipsychotics After Switching to Quetiapine Completed NCT00952757
6 Hyperprolactinaemia Management in Reproductive Services at University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire Completed NCT03569787
7 Benefit of a Diagnostic MRI in Case of Pathological Nipple Discharge With Normal Mammography / Ultrasound Recruiting NCT02819362
8 Diagnostic Utility of MRI in Female Patients With Nipple Discharge: A Prospective Trial Recruiting NCT02818946 Not Applicable
9 Feasibility and Therapeutic Efficacy of Ductoscopic Papilloma Extraction in Patients With Pathologic Nipple Discharge Recruiting NCT01901562 Not Applicable
10 Long-term Antipsychotic Pediatric Safety Trial (LAPS) Recruiting NCT03522168 Risperidone;Aripiprazole
11 Evaluation of A Partially Hydrolyzed in Improving FGIDs Symptoms Withdrawn NCT03390309 Not Applicable

Search NIH Clinical Center for Galactorrhea

Sources

Genetic Tests for Galactorrhea

About this section

Genetic tests related to Galactorrhea:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Galactorrhea 29
Sources

Anatomical Context for Galactorrhea

About this section

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Galactorrhea:

41
Pituitary, Breast, Testes, Ovary, Spinal Cord, Brain, Kidney
Sources

Publications for Galactorrhea

About this section

Articles related to Galactorrhea:

(show top 50) (show all 481)
# Title Authors Year
1
Hyperprolactinemic Galactorrhea as a Side Effect of Aripiprazole: An Adolescent Case (Aripiprazole-Related Hyperprolactinemic Galactorrhea). ( 29360652 )
2018
2
Galactorrhea with antidepressants: A case series. ( 29736080 )
2018
3
An Unusual Case of Galactorrhea With Normal Serum Prolactin. ( 28056542 )
2018
4
Hyperprolactinemia with Galactorrhea Due to Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Case Report and Review of Literature. ( 30079289 )
2018
5
Delayed galactorrhea after discontinuation of risperidone in a schizophrenia patient. ( 28837941 )
2017
6
Galactorrhea Probably Related with Switching from Osmotic-release Oral System Methylphenidate (MPH) to Modified-release MPH: An Adolescent Case. ( 28783939 )
2017
7
An Intact Dopamine Sensitivity in the Brain: A Necessity to Recover Hyperprolactinemia and Galactorrhea in a Female Hemodialysis Patient? ( 28791188 )
2017
8
Dose Dependent Course of Hyperprolactinemic and Normoprolactinemic Galactorrhea Induced by Venlafaxine. ( 28449567 )
2017
9
Galactorrhea After Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Use in an Adolescent Girl: A Case Report. ( 28383361 )
2017
10
Impact of macroprolactin on galactorrhea and the rate of patients possibly affected by macroprolactin. ( 29162783 )
2017
11
Paraneoplastic Galactorrhea in Childhood T-ALL: An Evaluation of Tumor-derived Prolactin. ( 27820136 )
2017
12
Esomeprazole induced galactorrhea: a novel side effect. ( 26661629 )
2016
13
Acute myeloid leukemia presenting as galactorrhea. ( 27695173 )
2016
14
Citalopram-Induced Galactorrhea in an Adolescent. ( 27438185 )
2016
15
Venlafaxine-Associated Euprolactinemic Galactorrhea and Hypersexuality: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. ( 27219091 )
2016
16
A case of galactorrhea during paroxetine treatment. ( 27284122 )
2016
17
A 33-Year-Old Man with Gynaecomastia and Galactorrhea as the First Symptoms of Graves Hyperthyroidism. ( 28044109 )
2016
18
An assessment of serum prolactin levels among infertile women with galactorrhea attending a gynecological clinic North-West Nigeria. ( 27397959 )
2016
19
Methemoglobinemia Caused by Topical Dapsone Gel; Renal Tubular Acidosis After Topiramate Administration; Diabetic Ketoacidosis Following Epidural Steroid Injection in a Nondiabetic Patient; Galactorrhea Associated with Bupropion Therapy; Telaprevir-Induced Acquired Perforating Dermatosis; Manic Episodes Associated with Tramadol Use. ( 26448655 )
2015
20
Galactorrhea in a Patient With Aquaporin-4 Antibody-positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. ( 26671741 )
2015
21
A 17-year-old female with secondary amenorrhea, galactorrhea, and headaches. ( 25547318 )
2015
22
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus in Elderly Patients Receiving SSRIs; Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated with Canagliflozin Use in a Type 1 Diabetic Patient; Duloxetine-Induced Galactorrhea; Canagliflozin-Associated Severe Hypercalcemia and Hypernatremia; Vemurafenib-Induced Fanconi Syndrome. ( 26912914 )
2015
23
Sertraline Induced Galactorrhea. ( 28360706 )
2015
24
Emerging Hyperprolactinemic Galactorrhea in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder with a Stable Dose of Fluoxetine. ( 26598592 )
2015
25
Bupropion-associated galactorrhea: a case report. ( 25502489 )
2015
26
Galactorrhea with normal prolactin levels associated with duloxetine. ( 25756878 )
2015
27
Euprolactinemic galactorrhea secondary to domperidone treatment. ( 25781524 )
2015
28
Diagnosis and management of galactorrhea after breast augmentation. ( 25919249 )
2015
29
Trazodone induced galactorrhea: a case report. ( 25920951 )
2015
30
Proximal subcutaneous migration of the distal end of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt presenting with recurrent cerebrospinal fluid galactorrhea. ( 23870017 )
2014
31
Quinagolide effects in normoprolactinemic galactorrhea. ( 24405300 )
2014
32
A 21-year-old female with galactorrhea. ( 24895692 )
2014
33
Unilateral Galactorrhea Associated with Low-dose Escitalopram. ( 25035569 )
2014
34
Euprolactinemic galactorrhea with escitalopram. ( 25093774 )
2014
35
Ipsilateral galactorrhea following zoster of the T4 dermatome. ( 25382515 )
2014
36
Paroxetine-induced galactorrhea. ( 25568484 )
2014
37
Duloxetine-related galactorrhea and restless legs syndrome: a case report. ( 24048395 )
2013
38
A new logical insight and putative mechanism behind fluoxetine-induced amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea in a case series. ( 24294485 )
2013
39
Burns, hypertrophic scar and galactorrhea. ( 23456048 )
2013
40
Frequency of Macroprolactinemia in Hyperprolactinemic Women Presenting with Menstrual Irregularities, Galactorrhea, and/or Infertility: Etiology and Clinical Manifestations. ( 24194758 )
2013
41
Index of suspicion. Case 1: abdominal pain, distension, hard stool, and diarrhea in an 11-year-old boy. Case 2: recurrent otitis media in a 4-year-old boy. Case 3: gynecomastia and galactorrhea in a 15-year-old boy. ( 23818086 )
2013
42
Sertraline-induced galactorrhea: case report and review of cases reported with other SSRIs. ( 23260337 )
2013
43
Mirtazapine-induced galactorrhea: a case report. ( 23686045 )
2013
44
Domperidone induced galactorrhea: an unusual presentation of a common drug. ( 23833383 )
2013
45
Quetiapine-induced galactorrhea with normal prolactin level in an adult female patient. ( 22943024 )
2012
46
Evaluation and management of galactorrhea. ( 22962879 )
2012
47
Galactorrhea (milk discharge). ( 22962883 )
2012
48
Iloperidone-induced Galactorrhea in a Middle-aged Female. ( 23723555 )
2012
49
Treatment algorithm of galactorrhea after augmentation mammoplasty. ( 22214792 )
2012
50
Antipsychotic-induced euprolactinemic galactorrhea in an adolescent girl: a case report. ( 22690360 )
2012
Sources

Variations for Galactorrhea

About this section
Sources

Expression for Galactorrhea

About this section
Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Galactorrhea.
Sources

Pathways for Galactorrhea

About this section

Pathways related to Galactorrhea according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway 37
Show member pathways
 12.34 IGF1 PRL PRLR
2
Adipogenesis 1
11.49 IGF1 PRLR
3
Signaling by ERBB4 66
Show member pathways
 11.29 PRL PRLR
4
Signaling events mediated by PTP1B 1
10.85 PRL PRLR
5
Microglia Activation During Neuroinflammation: Steady-State Microglia 65
10.61 DRD2 IGF1
6
Growth hormone receptor signaling 66
Show member pathways
 10.24 PRL PRLR
Sources

GO Terms for Galactorrhea

About this section

Cellular components related to Galactorrhea according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 endosome lumen GO:0031904 8.62 PRL PRLR

Biological processes related to Galactorrhea according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 response to ethanol GO:0045471 9.32 DRD2 PRL
2 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation GO:0050679 9.26 IGF1 PRL
3 lactation GO:0007595 9.16 PRL PRLR
4 regulation of multicellular organism growth GO:0040014 8.96 IGF1 PRL
5 JAK-STAT cascade involved in growth hormone signaling pathway GO:0060397 8.62 PRL PRLR

Molecular functions related to Galactorrhea according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 hormone activity GO:0005179 8.96 IGF1 PRL
2 drug binding GO:0008144 8.62 CYP2D6 DRD2
Sources

Sources for Galactorrhea

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet
35 ICD9CM
36 IUPHAR
37 KEGG
38 LifeMap
40 LOVD
42 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
54 NINDS
55 Novoseek
57 OMIM
58 OMIM via Orphanet
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
71 TGDB
72 Tocris
73 UMLS
74 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Content
Loading form....