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MCID: GND002
MIFTS: 45

Gender Identity Disorder

Categories: Mental diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Gender Identity Disorder

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Gender Identity Disorder:

Name: Gender Identity Disorder 12 15
Psychosexual Identity Disorder 73

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Mental diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 33


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:1234
ICD10 33 F64.2 F64
SNOMED-CT 68 5095008
Sources

Summaries for Gender Identity Disorder

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Disease Ontology : 12 A disease of mental health that involves a conflict between a person's actual physical gender and the gender that person identifies himself or herself as.

MalaCards based summary : Gender Identity Disorder, also known as psychosexual identity disorder, is related to transsexualism and ego-dystonic sexual orientation. An important gene associated with Gender Identity Disorder is ESR2 (Estrogen Receptor 2), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway and TGF-beta Signaling Pathways. The drugs Dutasteride and Estradiol have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, bone and eye, and related phenotypes are endocrine/exocrine gland and hematopoietic system

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Related Diseases for Gender Identity Disorder

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Diseases related to Gender Identity Disorder via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 137)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 transsexualism 30.2 AR CYP19A1 ESR2 RFX6 RPGRIP1L
2 ego-dystonic sexual orientation 11.0
3 transvestism 10.6
4 androgen insensitivity, partial 10.5 AR CYP19A1
5 testicular germ cell cancer 10.5 AR ESR2
6 alopecia, androgenetic, 1 10.5 AR CYP19A1
7 uterine body mixed cancer 10.4 ESR2 PGR
8 prostatic hyperplasia, benign 10.4 AR CYP19A1
9 benign metastasizing leiomyoma 10.4 CYP19A1 PGR
10 androgenic alopecia 10.4 AR CYP19A1
11 complete androgen insensitivity syndrome 10.4 AR CYP19A1
12 sex differentiation disease 10.4 AR CYP19A1
13 endometrial stromal nodule 10.4 CYP19A1 PGR
14 corneal abscess 10.3 AR PGR
15 papillary hidradenoma 10.3 AR PGR
16 dental fluorosis 10.3 ESR1 ESR2
17 lobular neoplasia 10.3 ESR1 ESR2
18 endometrial disease 10.2 CYP19A1 ESR1
19 aromatase deficiency 10.2 CYP19A1 ESR1
20 vulvar syringoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR
21 lung leiomyoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR
22 vestibular gland benign neoplasm 10.2 ESR1 PGR
23 bartholin's gland adenoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR
24 glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix 10.2 ESR1 PGR
25 vulvar benign neoplasm 10.2 ESR1 PGR
26 trigonitis 10.2 ESR1 PGR
27 vulvar leiomyoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR
28 predominantly cortical thymoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR
29 breast medullary carcinoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR
30 breast scirrhous carcinoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR
31 cribriform carcinoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR
32 gastric signet ring cell adenocarcinoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR
33 endometrial mucinous adenocarcinoma 10.1 ESR1 PGR
34 adenoid basal cell carcinoma 10.1 ESR1 PGR
35 bartholin's gland benign neoplasm 10.1 ESR1 PGR
36 deep angioma 10.1 ESR1 PGR
37 serous cystadenocarcinoma 10.1 ESR2 PGR
38 synchronous bilateral breast carcinoma 10.1 ESR1 PGR
39 cervical carcinosarcoma 10.1 ESR1 PGR
40 intramuscular hemangioma 10.1 ESR1 PGR
41 glycogen-rich clear cell breast carcinoma 10.1 ESR1 PGR
42 retinitis pigmentosa 47 10.1 ESR1 PGR
43 uterine corpus cancer 10.1 ESR1 PGR
44 adenomyosis 10.1 ESR1 PGR
45 retinitis pigmentosa 20 10.1 ESR1 PGR
46 luminal breast carcinoma 10.1 ESR1 PGR
47 adenosarcoma 10.1 ESR1 PGR
48 cervical clear cell adenocarcinoma 10.1 ESR1 PGR
49 transsexuality 10.1
50 breast benign neoplasm 10.1 ESR1 PGR

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Gender Identity Disorder:



Diseases related to Gender Identity Disorder
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Gender Identity Disorder

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Gender Identity Disorder:

46 (show all 18)
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 10.08 CYP19A1 ESR2 RFX6 AR RPGRIP1L ESR1
2 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 10.05 PGR CYP19A1 ESR2 RFX6 AR RPGRIP1L
3 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.04 ESR1 PGR CYP19A1 RFX6 ESR2 AR
4 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.04 RPGRIP1L ESR1 PGR CYP19A1 RFX6 ESR2
5 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 10.03 RPGRIP1L ESR1 PGR CYP19A1 ESR2 AR
6 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 10.02 CYP19A1 ESR2 RFX6 AR RPGRIP1L ESR1
7 immune system MP:0005387 10.02 PGR CYP19A1 ESR2 RFX6 AR RPGRIP1L
8 growth/size/body region MP:0005378 10 AR RPGRIP1L ESR1 RFX6 CYP19A1 ESR2
9 adipose tissue MP:0005375 9.97 CYP19A1 ESR2 AR RPGRIP1L ESR1
10 integument MP:0010771 9.85 ESR1 PGR CYP19A1 ESR2 AR
11 muscle MP:0005369 9.85 PGR CYP19A1 ESR2 AR RPGRIP1L ESR1
12 limbs/digits/tail MP:0005371 9.83 PGR ESR2 AR RPGRIP1L ESR1
13 liver/biliary system MP:0005370 9.8 RPGRIP1L ESR1 CYP19A1 ESR2 AR
14 normal MP:0002873 9.65 AR ESR1 PGR CYP19A1 ESR2
15 neoplasm MP:0002006 9.62 AR ESR1 PGR ESR2
16 renal/urinary system MP:0005367 9.55 RPGRIP1L ESR1 CYP19A1 ESR2 AR
17 reproductive system MP:0005389 9.43 PGR CYP19A1 ESR2 AR RPGRIP1L ESR1
18 skeleton MP:0005390 9.1 PGR CYP19A1 ESR2 AR RPGRIP1L ESR1
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Gender Identity Disorder

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Drugs for Gender Identity Disorder (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 32)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Dutasteride Approved, Investigational Phase 3 164656-23-9 152945 6918296
2
Estradiol Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 3 50-28-2 5757
3 Estradiol valerate Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 3 979-32-8
4
Letrozole Approved, Investigational Phase 3 112809-51-5 3902
5
Methyltestosterone Approved Phase 3 58-18-4 6010
6
Polyestradiol phosphate Approved Phase 3 28014-46-2
7
Testosterone Approved, Investigational Phase 3 58-22-0 6013
8
Testosterone enanthate Approved Phase 3 315-37-7 9416
9
Testosterone undecanoate Approved, Investigational Phase 3 5949-44-0
10
Dihydrotestosterone Illicit, Investigational Phase 3 521-18-6 10635
11 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors Phase 3
12 Anabolic Agents Phase 3
13 Androgens Phase 3
14 Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal Phase 3
15 Aromatase Inhibitors Phase 3
16 Estradiol 17 beta-cypionate Phase 3
17 Estradiol 3-benzoate Phase 3
18 Estrogen Antagonists Phase 3
19 Estrogens Phase 3
20 Hormone Antagonists Phase 3
21 Hormones Phase 3
22 Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists Phase 3
23 Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors Phase 3
24 Testosterone 17 beta-cypionate Phase 3
25
Cyproterone Acetate Approved, Investigational 427-51-0
26
Desogestrel Approved 54024-22-5 40973
27 Lynestrenol Approved, Investigational 52-76-6
28
Hydrocortisone Approved, Vet_approved 50-23-7 5754
29
Cyproterone 2098-66-0 5284537
30 Cortisol succinate
31 Hydrocortisone 17-butyrate 21-propionate
32 Hydrocortisone acetate

Interventional clinical trials:


# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Testosterone and Its Metabolites in GID Completed NCT00146146 Phase 3 testosterone undecanoate alone;testosterone undecanoate plus letrozole;testosterone undecanoate plus dutasteride
2 Effects of Sex Steroid Hormones on Human Brain Function, Structure and Connectivity Completed NCT01292785 Hormones
3 Observational Study on Metabolism and Psychopathology in Transsexual Patients Recruiting NCT02185274
4 Transgender Post-reassignment Urogynecologic Measures and Perceptions Not yet recruiting NCT03293771
5 Pubertal Blockade and Hormone Therapy in Transgender Youth Not yet recruiting NCT03557268

Search NIH Clinical Center for Gender Identity Disorder

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Genetic Tests for Gender Identity Disorder

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Anatomical Context for Gender Identity Disorder

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Gender Identity Disorder:

41
Brain, Bone, Eye
Sources

Publications for Gender Identity Disorder

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Articles related to Gender Identity Disorder:

(show top 50) (show all 183)
# Title Authors Year
1
Experiences of and barriers to transition-related healthcare among Korean transgender adults: focus on gender identity disorder diagnosis, hormone therapy, and sex reassignment surgery. ( 29514430 )
2018
2
Type 3 Thyroplasty for a Patient with Female-to-Male Gender Identity Disorder. ( 29850335 )
2018
3
Descriptive Study of Gender Dysphoria in Japanese Individuals with Male-to-Female Gender Identity Disorder. ( 29674763 )
2018
4
Hepatocellular adenoma in a woman who was undergoing testosterone treatment for gender identity disorder. ( 29589251 )
2018
5
Behavior Problems and Psychiatric Diagnoses in Girls with Gender Identity Disorder: A Follow-Up Study. ( 28594603 )
2017
6
The Pattern of Sexual Interest of Female-to-Male Transsexual Persons With Gender Identity Disorder Does Not Resemble That of Biological Men: An Eye-Tracking Study. ( 28823313 )
2017
7
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Profiles of Patients with Gender Identity Disorder Requesting Sex Reassignment Surgery. ( 27833228 )
2016
8
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Traits of Gender Identity Disorder: A Study of Japanese Twins Across Developmental Stages. ( 27507021 )
2016
9
Comparison of Masculine and Feminine Gender Roles in Iranian Patients with Gender Identity Disorder. ( 26797060 )
2015
10
Gender typicality in children's speech: A comparison of boys with and without gender identity disorder. ( 25920850 )
2015
11
Long-Term Follow-Up of Adults with Gender Identity Disorder. ( 25690443 )
2015
12
Eleven-year follow up of boy with Asperger's syndrome and comorbid gender identity disorder of childhood. ( 26126993 )
2015
13
Effects of different steps in gender reassignment therapy on psychopathology: a prospective study of persons with a gender identity disorder. ( 24344788 )
2014
14
Click-evoked otoacoustic emissions in children and adolescents with gender identity disorder. ( 24567168 )
2014
15
The frequency of personality disorders in patients with gender identity disorder. ( 25664291 )
2014
16
Differences in personality traits between male-to-female and female-to-male gender identity disorder subjects. ( 25130781 )
2014
17
Personality disorders in persons with gender identity disorder. ( 24959629 )
2014
18
Gender identity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in a 23-year-old female. ( 23835847 )
2014
19
Substance abuse as a way of life in marginalized gender identity disorder: A case report with review of Indian literature. ( 25311662 )
2014
20
Gender identity disorder and schizophrenia: neurodevelopmental disorders with common causal mechanisms? ( 25548672 )
2014
21
Management challenges in a case of gender identity disorder. ( 25788806 )
2014
22
Risk factors for the development of well leg compartment syndrome after sex reassignment surgery in patients with gender identity disorder. ( 24286463 )
2013
23
Lay theories of gender identity disorder. ( 24059967 )
2013
24
Current management of gender identity disorder in childhood and adolescence: guidelines, barriers and areas of controversy. ( 23221495 )
2013
25
Gender identity disorder and eating disorders: similarities and differences in terms of body uneasiness. ( 23347389 )
2013
26
Dose-response analysis of testosterone replacement therapy in patients with female to male gender identity disorder. ( 23117148 )
2013
27
Serum concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with gender identity disorder. ( 23702250 )
2013
28
Sociodemographic and clinical features of gender identity disorder: an Italian multicentric evaluation. ( 23171237 )
2013
29
Parent-child relationships in gender identity disorder. ( 23959770 )
2013
30
Prevalence of gender identity disorder and suicide risk among transgender veterans utilizing veterans health administration care. ( 23947310 )
2013
31
Hormonal treatment reduces psychobiological distress in gender identity disorder, independently of the attachment style. ( 23574768 )
2013
32
Editorial Comment to Risk factors for the development of well leg compartment syndrome after sex reassignment surgery in patients with gender identity disorder. ( 24341964 )
2013
33
Memo outlining evidence for change for gender identity disorder in the DSM-5. ( 23868018 )
2013
34
Testosterone replacement elevates the serum uric acid levels in patients with female to male gender identity disorder. ( 24047564 )
2013
35
First Transsexualism European Meeting : Psychological, Medical and Surgical management in gender identity disorder. An international highlight 17 (th) -18 (th) May 2012 Dental School, Turin, Italy. ( 27517686 )
2012
36
Demographics, behavior problems, and psychosexual characteristics of adolescents with gender identity disorder or transvestic fetishism. ( 22390530 )
2012
37
Sexual medicine: Can pelvic measurements predict gender identity disorder? ( 22868994 )
2012
38
Editorial Comment to Status of sex reassignment surgery for gender identity disorder in Japan. ( 22416672 )
2012
39
Treatment of gender identity disorder. ( 22854940 )
2012
40
Gender identity disorder: an emerging problem for pediatricians. ( 22351880 )
2012
41
Hormone treatment of gender identity disorder in a cohort of children and adolescents. Comment. ( 22938118 )
2012
42
Disordered eating and gender identity disorder: a qualitative study. ( 22703571 )
2012
43
Children and adolescents with gender identity disorder referred to a pediatric medical center. ( 22351896 )
2012
44
A study of changes in bone metabolism in cases of gender identity disorder. ( 22222419 )
2012
45
Leave to intervene in cases of gender identity disorder; normative causation; financial harms and involuntary treatment; and the right to be protected from suicide. ( 23180326 )
2012
46
School refusal by patients with gender identity disorder. ( 22227029 )
2012
47
Gender identity disorder in twins: a review of the case report literature. ( 22146048 )
2012
48
Report of the American Psychiatric Association Task Force on Treatment of Gender Identity Disorder. ( 22736225 )
2012
49
Hormone treatment of gender identity disorder in a cohort of children and adolescents. ( 22621149 )
2012
50
Sliding Doors: should treatment of gender identity disorder and other body modifications be privately funded? ( 21132536 )
2012
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Variations for Gender Identity Disorder

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Expression for Gender Identity Disorder

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Gender Identity Disorder.
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Pathways for Gender Identity Disorder

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Pathways related to Gender Identity Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 11)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway 1
11.69 AR CYP19A1 ESR1
2
TGF-beta Signaling Pathways 65
11.42 AR ESR1 ESR2
3
Regulation of nuclear SMAD2/3 signaling 1
11.38 AR ESR1
4
Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway 66
Show member pathways
 11.21 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR
5
FOXA1 transcription factor network 1
Show member pathways
 11.14 AR ESR1
6
Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis 22
11.11 AR CYP19A1
7
Apoptosis and survival_Anti-apoptotic action of nuclear ESR1 and ESR2 22
10.88 ESR1 ESR2
8
Ovarian Infertility Genes 1
10.84 CYP19A1 ESR2 PGR
9
Plasma membrane estrogen receptor signaling 1
10.82 ESR1 ESR2
10
MNAR-PELP1 and Estrogen Receptor Interaction 64
10.73 ESR1 ESR2
11
Aromatase Inhibitor Pathway (Breast Cell), Pharmacodynamics 61
9.4 CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2
Sources

GO Terms for Gender Identity Disorder

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Biological processes related to Gender Identity Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 14)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006351 9.93 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR RFX6
2 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II GO:0045944 9.83 AR ESR1 PGR RFX6
3 positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045893 9.73 AR ESR1 ESR2 RFX6
4 cell-cell signaling GO:0007267 9.69 AR ESR2 PGR
5 intracellular receptor signaling pathway GO:0030522 9.49 AR ESR1
6 mammary gland development GO:0030879 9.48 CYP19A1 PGR
7 intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway GO:0030520 9.46 ESR1 ESR2
8 androgen metabolic process GO:0008209 9.4 CYP19A1 ESR1
9 mammary gland alveolus development GO:0060749 9.37 AR ESR1
10 uterus development GO:0060065 9.32 CYP19A1 ESR1
11 prostate gland growth GO:0060736 9.26 AR CYP19A1
12 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0006367 9.26 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR
13 tertiary branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis GO:0060748 9.16 AR PGR
14 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway GO:0043401 8.92 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR

Molecular functions related to Gender Identity Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 17)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 DNA binding GO:0003677 9.97 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR RFX6
2 RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0000981 9.91 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR RFX6
3 DNA binding transcription factor activity GO:0003700 9.89 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR RFX6
4 zinc ion binding GO:0008270 9.84 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR
5 sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0043565 9.83 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR
6 RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0000978 9.78 AR ESR1 PGR RFX6
7 enzyme binding GO:0019899 9.76 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR
8 transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0001077 9.72 AR ESR1 PGR
9 lipid binding GO:0008289 9.67 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR
10 ATPase binding GO:0051117 9.61 AR ESR1 PGR
11 core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0001046 9.56 ESR1 ESR2
12 steroid hormone receptor activity GO:0003707 9.46 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR
13 estrogen receptor activity GO:0030284 9.4 ESR1 ESR2
14 estrogen response element binding GO:0034056 9.32 ESR1 ESR2
15 RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, estrogen-activated sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0038052 9.26 ESR1 ESR2
16 nuclear receptor activity GO:0004879 9.26 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR
17 steroid binding GO:0005496 8.92 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR
Sources

Sources for Gender Identity Disorder

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet
35 ICD9CM
36 IUPHAR
37 KEGG
38 LifeMap
40 LOVD
42 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
54 NINDS
55 Novoseek
57 OMIM
58 OMIM via Orphanet
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
71 TGDB
72 Tocris
73 UMLS
74 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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