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MCID: GND002
MIFTS: 40

Gender Identity Disorder

Categories: Mental diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Gender Identity Disorder

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Gender Identity Disorder:

Name: Gender Identity Disorder 12 15 17
Psychosexual Identity Disorder 70

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Mental diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:1234
ICD9CM 34 302.6
SNOMED-CT 67 5095008
ICD10 32 F64 F64.2 F64.9
UMLS 70 C0017250 C0236802
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Summaries for Gender Identity Disorder

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Disease Ontology : 12 A disease of mental health that involves a conflict between a person's actual physical gender and the gender that person identifies himself or herself as.

MalaCards based summary : Gender Identity Disorder, also known as psychosexual identity disorder, is related to transsexualism and transvestism. An important gene associated with Gender Identity Disorder is ESR2 (Estrogen Receptor 2), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway and Estrogen signaling pathway (KEGG). The drugs Polyestradiol phosphate and Methyltestosterone have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include breast, ovary and liver, and related phenotypes are cardiovascular system and adipose tissue

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Related Diseases for Gender Identity Disorder

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Diseases related to Gender Identity Disorder via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 194)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 transsexualism 31.5 RPGRIP1L ESR2 CYP19A1 CYP17A1 AR
2 transvestism 30.5 ESR2 CYP17A1
3 bone resorption disease 30.3 ESR2 ESR1 CYP19A1
4 complete androgen insensitivity syndrome 30.2 CYP19A1 AR
5 polycystic ovary syndrome 29.9 CYP19A1 CYP17A1 AR
6 asperger syndrome 29.7 ESR2 ESR1 CYP19A1 CYP17A1 AR
7 ego-dystonic sexual orientation 11.2
8 personality disorder 10.3
9 nonmucinous bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma 10.3 ESR2 ESR1
10 avoidant personality disorder 10.3
11 bile duct cystadenoma 10.3 ESR2 ESR1
12 postmenopausal atrophic vaginitis 10.3 ESR2 ESR1
13 liver adenomatosis 10.3 PGR AR
14 vaginal adenoma 10.3 ESR2 CYP19A1
15 vaginal benign neoplasm 10.3 ESR2 CYP19A1
16 androgen insensitivity, partial 10.3 CYP19A1 AR
17 wolffian duct adenocarcinoma 10.3 ESR1 AR
18 alopecia, androgenetic, 1 10.3 CYP19A1 AR
19 subserous uterine fibroid 10.3 PGR CYP19A1
20 glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix 10.3 PGR ESR1
21 breast intraductal papillomatosis 10.3 PGR ESR1
22 diffuse peritoneal leiomyomatosis 10.3 PGR CYP19A1
23 intraductal papilloma 10.3 PGR ESR1
24 nipple carcinoma 10.3 PGR ESR1
25 bartholin's gland adenoma 10.3 PGR ESR1
26 bartholin's gland adenoid cystic carcinoma 10.3 PGR ESR1
27 uterine corpus adenosarcoma 10.3 PGR ESR1
28 adenosarcoma 10.3 PGR ESR1
29 bartholin's gland benign neoplasm 10.3 PGR ESR1
30 chronic tympanitis 10.3 PGR ESR1
31 vestibular gland benign neoplasm 10.3 PGR ESR1
32 granulomatous endometritis 10.2 PGR ESR1
33 endometritis 10.2 PGR ESR1
34 vulvar syringoma 10.2 PGR ESR1
35 benign metastasizing leiomyoma 10.2 PGR CYP19A1
36 lung leiomyoma 10.2 PGR ESR1
37 anorexia nervosa 10.2
38 fetishism 10.2
39 severe combined immunodeficiency 10.2
40 adult type testicular granulosa cell tumor 10.2 PGR ESR1
41 breast scirrhous carcinoma 10.2 PGR ESR1
42 cervical clear cell adenocarcinoma 10.2 PGR ESR1
43 ovarian seromucinous carcinoma 10.2 PGR ESR1
44 breast papillary carcinoma 10.2 PGR ESR1
45 liver leiomyoma 10.2 PGR ESR1
46 intravenous leiomyomatosis 10.2 PGR ESR1
47 comedo carcinoma 10.2 PGR ESR1
48 breast adenoid cystic carcinoma 10.2 PGR ESR1
49 breast metaplastic carcinoma 10.2 PGR ESR1
50 intracranial meningioma 10.2 PGR ESR1

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Gender Identity Disorder:



Diseases related to Gender Identity Disorder
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Gender Identity Disorder

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Gender Identity Disorder:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 10.01 AR CYP17A1 CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 PGR
2 adipose tissue MP:0005375 9.98 AR CYP17A1 CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 RPGRIP1L
3 cellular MP:0005384 9.97 AR CYP17A1 CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 PGR
4 muscle MP:0005369 9.73 AR CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 PGR RPGRIP1L
5 limbs/digits/tail MP:0005371 9.72 AR ESR1 ESR2 PGR RPGRIP1L
6 normal MP:0002873 9.63 AR CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 PGR SMCO2
7 reproductive system MP:0005389 9.5 AR CYP17A1 CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 PGR
8 skeleton MP:0005390 9.17 AR CYP17A1 CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 PGR
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Gender Identity Disorder

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Drugs for Gender Identity Disorder (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 26)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Polyestradiol phosphate Approved Phase 3 28014-46-2
2
Methyltestosterone Approved Phase 3 58-18-4 6010
3
Estradiol Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 3 50-28-2 5757
4
Testosterone undecanoate Approved, Investigational Phase 3 5949-44-0
5
Testosterone enanthate Approved Phase 3 315-37-7 9416
6
Testosterone Approved, Investigational Phase 3 58-22-0 6013
7
Dutasteride Approved, Investigational Phase 3 164656-23-9 152945 6918296
8
Letrozole Approved, Investigational Phase 3 112809-51-5 3902
9
Dihydrotestosterone Illicit, Investigational Phase 3 521-18-6 10635
10 Hormones Phase 3
11 Hormone Antagonists Phase 3
12 Estradiol 3-benzoate Phase 3
13 Estradiol 17 beta-cypionate Phase 3
14 Testosterone 17 beta-cypionate Phase 3
15 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors Phase 3
16 Estrogen Antagonists Phase 3
17 Estrogen Receptor Antagonists Phase 3
18 Aromatase Inhibitors Phase 3
19 Anabolic Agents Phase 3
20 Estrogens Phase 3
21 Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal Phase 3
22 Androgens Phase 3
23
Lynestrenol Approved, Investigational 52-76-6
24
Desogestrel Approved 54024-22-5 40973
25
Cyproterone Acetate Approved, Investigational 427-51-0
26
Cyproterone 2098-66-0 5284537

Interventional clinical trials:


# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Role of Testosterone and Its Metabolites Regarding Different Physiological Functions in Subjects Affected by Gender Identity Disorder (FtM Transsexuals) Completed NCT00146146 Phase 3 testosterone undecanoate alone;testosterone undecanoate plus letrozole;testosterone undecanoate plus dutasteride
2 Assessment of Postoperative Urologic and Pelvic Floor Complaints in Male-to-female Transgender Patients: a Mixed Methods Study Unknown status NCT03293771
3 Effects of Sex Steroid Hormones on Human Brain Function, Structure and Connectivity: A Longitudinal Study Using 7 Tesla Ultrahigh-field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Completed NCT01292785 Hormones

Search NIH Clinical Center for Gender Identity Disorder

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Genetic Tests for Gender Identity Disorder

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Anatomical Context for Gender Identity Disorder

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Gender Identity Disorder:

40
Breast, Ovary, Liver, Bone, Eye, Colon, Brain
Sources

Publications for Gender Identity Disorder

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Articles related to Gender Identity Disorder:

(show top 50) (show all 435)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Primary Care for Transgender Adolescents and Young Adults in Rhode Island: An Analysis of the all Payers Claims Database. 61
33349532 2021
2
Pharmacokinetics of duloxetine self-administered in overdose with quetiapine and other antipsychotic drugs in a Japanese patient admitted to hospital. 61
33531089 2021
3
Gender identity disorder (GID) in adolescents and adults with differences of sex development (DSD): A systematic review and meta-analysis. 61
33246831 2021
4
[A Case of Breast Cancer in a Female-to-Male Transsexual during Androgen Therapy]. 61
33468728 2021
5
Hormonal Gender Reassignment Treatment for Gender Dysphoria. 61
33559593 2020
6
Beyond Gender Identity Disorder Diagnoses Codes: An Examination of Additional Methods to Identify Transgender Individuals in Administrative Databases. 61
32925416 2020
7
Reduction in Mental Health Treatment Utilization Among Transgender Individuals After Gender-Affirming Surgeries: A Total Population Study. 61
31581798 2020
8
A structural magnetic resonance imaging study in therapy naïve transsexual individuals. 61
32644184 2020
9
The impact of empowerment model-based education on quality of life of transgender people under hormone therapy: A randomized clinical trial. 61
32984128 2020
10
CD8+ T-cell encephalitis mimicking PRES in AIDS: a case report. 61
32397957 2020
11
Psychiatric disorders in individuals diagnosed with gender dysphoria: A systematic review. 61
31642568 2020
12
The Novel Eryngii Method of Nipple Reduction for Female-to-Male Transsexuals. 61
32099254 2020
13
New Perspectives on Transgender Health in the Forthcoming 11th Revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems: An Overview of Gender Incongruence - Depathologization, Considerations and Recommendations for Practitioners. 61
32796778 2020
14
Paranoia in patients with gender dysphoria: A clinical exploration. 61
31579170 2019
15
An artistic inquiry into gender identity disorder/ gender dysphoria: A silent distress. 61
31326770 2019
16
Histrelin implantation in the pediatric population: A 10-year institutional experience. 61
30262200 2019
17
[Approach to the causes of discharge and health needs of transgender people through the National Hospital Discharge Survey in Spain during the period 2001 to 2013]. 61
31155609 2019
18
Thorax masculinization in a transsexual patient: Inferior pedicle mastectomy without an inverted T scar. 61
30931553 2019
19
Queer Theory and Biomedical Practice: The Biomedicalization of Sexuality/The Cultural Politics of Biomedicine. 61
30073625 2019
20
Quality of Life Changes in Iranian Patients Undergoing Female-to-Male Transsexual Surgery: A Prospective Study. 61
30980641 2019
21
A Qualitative Study of the Acceptability of the Proposed ICD-11 Gender Incongruence of Childhood Diagnosis Among Transgender Adults Who Were Labeled Due to Their Gender Identity Since Childhood. 61
29971651 2018
22
Complication Rates and Outcomes After Hysterectomy in Transgender Men. 61
30303922 2018
23
[Sperm Cryopreservation for a Gender Identity Disorder Patient Prior to Sex Reassignment Surgery : A Case Report]. 61
30543745 2018
24
Hepatocellular adenoma in a woman who was undergoing testosterone treatment for gender identity disorder. 61
29589251 2018
25
Quality of life of men and women with gender identity disorder. 61
30126432 2018
26
Temporal Trends in Gender-Affirming Surgery Among Transgender Patients in the United States. 61
29490365 2018
27
Trends in the use of puberty blockers among transgender children in the United States. 61
29715194 2018
28
Mental Health and Disorders of Sex Development/Intersex Conditions in Iranian Culture: Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, 5-α Reductase Deficiency-Type 2, and Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome. 61
29294229 2018
29
Descriptive Study of Gender Dysphoria in Japanese Individuals with Male-to-Female Gender Identity Disorder. 61
29674763 2018
30
Trends in Gender-affirming Surgery in Insured Patients in the United States. 61
29876180 2018
31
Gender incongruence: a comparative study using ICD-10 and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. 61
28977069 2018
32
Behavior Problems and Psychiatric Diagnoses in Girls with Gender Identity Disorder: A Follow-Up Study. 61
28594603 2018
33
What Is Gender Dysphoria? A Critical Systematic Narrative Review. 61
30426079 2018
34
Molecular Karyotyping in Children and Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria. 61
30094339 2018
35
Changes in hormonal and metabolic parameters in transgender subjects on cross-sex hormone therapy: A cohort study. 61
29169588 2018
36
Type 3 Thyroplasty for a Patient with Female-to-Male Gender Identity Disorder. 61
29850335 2018
37
Experiences of and barriers to transition-related healthcare among Korean transgender adults: focus on gender identity disorder diagnosis, hormone therapy, and sex reassignment surgery. 61
29514430 2018
38
Transgender Medicare Beneficiaries and Chronic Conditions: Exploring Fee-for-Service Claims Data. 61
29125908 2017
39
A Case Report of Gender Dysphoria with Morbid Jealousy in a Natal Female. 61
29284816 2017
40
Gender trouble: The World Health Organization, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD)-11 and the trans kids. 61
29216968 2017
41
Psychosocial and Psychological Vulnerability in Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria: A "Proof of Principle" Study. 61
27598940 2017
42
The Pattern of Sexual Interest of Female-to-Male Transsexual Persons With Gender Identity Disorder Does Not Resemble That of Biological Men: An Eye-Tracking Study. 61
28823313 2017
43
Personality and Attachment in Transsexual Adults. 61
28210932 2017
44
Prevalence, Incidence, and Sex Ratio of Transsexualism in the Autonomous Region of Madrid (Spain) According to Healthcare Demand. 61
28224311 2017
45
Gender Identity in Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. 61
29201068 2017
46
Supporting and caring for transgender and gender nonconforming youth in the urology practice. 61
28645619 2017
47
Troubling Gender or Engendering Trouble? The Problem With Gender Dysphoria in Psychoanalysis. 61
28135154 2017
48
Sex Reassignment Surgery and Enhancement. 61
28025228 2017
49
Is Rectosigmoid Vaginoplasty Still Useful? 61
28194347 2017
50
Gender Incongruence of Childhood: Clinical Utility and Stakeholder Agreement with the World Health Organization's Proposed ICD-11 Criteria. 61
28081569 2017
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Variations for Gender Identity Disorder

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Expression for Gender Identity Disorder

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Gender Identity Disorder.
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Pathways for Gender Identity Disorder

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Pathways related to Gender Identity Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway 1
11.73 ESR1 CYP19A1 AR
2
Estrogen signaling pathway (KEGG) 36
11.64 PGR ESR2 ESR1
3
TGF-beta Signaling Pathways 64
11.42 ESR2 ESR1 AR
4
Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway 65
Show member pathways
 11.21 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
5
Apoptosis and survival_Anti-apoptotic action of nuclear ESR1 and ESR2 23
10.9 ESR2 ESR1
6
Plasma membrane estrogen receptor signaling 1
10.85 ESR2 ESR1
7
Ovarian Infertility Genes 1
10.84 PGR ESR2 CYP19A1
8
MNAR-PELP1 and Estrogen Receptor Interaction 63
10.77 ESR2 ESR1
9
Aromatase Inhibitor Pathway (Breast Cell), Pharmacodynamics 60
9.4 ESR2 ESR1 CYP19A1
Sources

GO Terms for Gender Identity Disorder

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Biological processes related to Gender Identity Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cell-cell signaling GO:0007267 9.61 PGR ESR2 AR
2 cellular response to estradiol stimulus GO:0071392 9.46 ESR2 ESR1
3 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0006367 9.46 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
4 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway GO:0043401 9.4 PGR ESR1
5 cellular response to estrogen stimulus GO:0071391 9.37 ESR1 AR
6 mammary gland alveolus development GO:0060749 9.32 ESR1 AR
7 tertiary branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis GO:0060748 9.26 PGR AR
8 intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway GO:0030520 9.13 ESR2 ESR1 AR
9 intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway GO:0030518 8.92 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR

Molecular functions related to Gender Identity Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 11)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0043565 9.78 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
2 enzyme binding GO:0019899 9.76 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
3 lipid binding GO:0008289 9.73 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
4 ATPase binding GO:0051117 9.58 PGR ESR1 AR
5 oxygen binding GO:0019825 9.49 CYP19A1 CYP17A1
6 RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator binding GO:0001225 9.37 PGR AR
7 steroid hormone receptor activity GO:0003707 9.33 PGR ESR2 ESR1
8 estrogen receptor activity GO:0030284 9.32 ESR2 ESR1
9 estrogen response element binding GO:0034056 9.26 ESR2 ESR1
10 nuclear receptor activity GO:0004879 9.26 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
11 steroid binding GO:0005496 8.92 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
Sources

Sources for Gender Identity Disorder

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
20 GARD
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 20-May-2021)
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 Tocris
70 UMLS
71 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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