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MCID: GND002
MIFTS: 40

Gender Identity Disorder

Categories: Mental diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Gender Identity Disorder

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Gender Identity Disorder:

Name: Gender Identity Disorder 12 15 17
Psychosexual Identity Disorder 71

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Mental diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:1234
ICD9CM 34 302.6
SNOMED-CT 67 5095008
ICD10 32 F64 F64.2 F64.9
UMLS 71 C0017250 C0236802
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Summaries for Gender Identity Disorder

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Disease Ontology : 12 A disease of mental health that involves a conflict between a person's actual physical gender and the gender that person identifies himself or herself as.

MalaCards based summary : Gender Identity Disorder, also known as psychosexual identity disorder, is related to transvestism and transsexualism. An important gene associated with Gender Identity Disorder is ESR2 (Estrogen Receptor 2), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway and TGF-beta Signaling Pathways. The drugs Estradiol and Testosterone enanthate have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, bone and testes, and related phenotypes are cardiovascular system and adipose tissue

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Related Diseases for Gender Identity Disorder

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Diseases related to Gender Identity Disorder via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 184)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 transvestism 31.5 SEMA3F-AS1 RPGRIP1L RFX6
2 transsexualism 31.2 SEMA3F-AS1 RPGRIP1L RFX6 ESR2 ERI3 CYP19A1
3 bone resorption disease 30.2 ESR2 ESR1 CYP19A1
4 fetishism 30.2 SEMA3F-AS1 RPGRIP1L RFX6
5 paraphilia disorder 30.1 SEMA3F-AS1 RFX6
6 infertility 29.9 PGR ESR2 CYP19A1 AR
7 asperger syndrome 29.9 ESR2 CYP19A1 CYP17A1 AR
8 polycystic ovary syndrome 29.7 CYP19A1 CYP17A1 AR
9 disorders of sexual development 29.4 ESR2 ESR1 CYP19A1 CYP17A1 AR
10 osteoporosis 29.0 PGR ESR2 ESR1 CYP19A1 CYP17A1 AR
11 ego-dystonic sexual orientation 11.3
12 nonmucinous bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma 10.4 ESR2 ESR1
13 liver adenomatosis 10.4 PGR AR
14 glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix 10.4 PGR ESR1
15 bartholin's gland adenoid cystic carcinoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
16 bile duct cystadenoma 10.4 ESR2 ESR1
17 chronic tympanitis 10.4 PGR ESR1
18 bartholin's gland adenoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
19 subserous uterine fibroid 10.4 PGR CYP19A1
20 granulomatous endometritis 10.4 PGR ESR1
21 bartholin's gland benign neoplasm 10.4 PGR ESR1
22 vestibular gland benign neoplasm 10.4 PGR ESR1
23 uterine corpus adenosarcoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
24 adenosarcoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
25 vaginal glandular tumor 10.4 PGR ESR1
26 lung leiomyoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
27 vulvar syringoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
28 androgen insensitivity, partial 10.4 CYP19A1 AR
29 trigonitis 10.4 PGR ESR1
30 vaginal adenoma 10.4 ESR2 CYP19A1
31 wolffian duct adenocarcinoma 10.4 ESR1 AR
32 breast scirrhous carcinoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
33 cervical clear cell adenocarcinoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
34 benign metastasizing leiomyoma 10.4 PGR CYP19A1
35 alopecia, androgenetic, 1 10.4 CYP19A1 AR
36 adult type testicular granulosa cell tumor 10.4 PGR ESR1
37 ovarian seromucinous carcinoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
38 vaginal benign neoplasm 10.4 ESR2 CYP19A1
39 breast papillary carcinoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
40 liver leiomyoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
41 intravenous leiomyomatosis 10.4 PGR ESR1
42 comedo carcinoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
43 breast metaplastic carcinoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
44 bizarre leiomyoma 10.4 PGR ESR1
45 lipid-rich carcinoma 10.3 PGR ESR1
46 ovarian endometrioid stromal sarcoma 10.3 PGR CYP19A1
47 vulvar leiomyoma 10.3 PGR ESR1
48 complete androgen insensitivity syndrome 10.3 CYP19A1 AR
49 bronchiectasis 3 10.3 CYP17A1 AR
50 breast malignant phyllodes tumor 10.3 PGR ESR1

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Gender Identity Disorder:



Diseases related to Gender Identity Disorder
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Gender Identity Disorder

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Gender Identity Disorder:

45
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 9.97 AR CYP17A1 CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 PGR
2 adipose tissue MP:0005375 9.95 AR CYP17A1 CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 RPGRIP1L
3 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 9.86 AR CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 LARP6 PGR
4 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 9.85 AR CLIP3 CYP17A1 CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2
5 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 9.8 AR CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 RFX6 RPGRIP1L
6 muscle MP:0005369 9.5 AR CLIP3 CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 PGR
7 reproductive system MP:0005389 9.23 AR CYP17A1 CYP19A1 ESR1 ESR2 LARP6
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Gender Identity Disorder

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Drugs for Gender Identity Disorder (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 26)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Estradiol Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 3 50-28-2 5757
2
Testosterone enanthate Approved Phase 3 315-37-7 9416
3
Testosterone Approved, Experimental, Investigational Phase 3 58-22-0, 481-30-1 10204 6013
4
Testosterone undecanoate Approved, Investigational Phase 3 5949-44-0
5
Methyltestosterone Approved Phase 3 58-18-4 6010
6
Polyestradiol phosphate Approved Phase 3 28014-46-2
7
Letrozole Approved, Investigational Phase 3 112809-51-5 3902
8
Dutasteride Approved, Investigational Phase 3 164656-23-9 152945 6918296
9
Dihydrotestosterone Illicit, Investigational Phase 3 521-18-6 10635
10 Hormone Antagonists Phase 3
11 Estradiol 17 beta-cypionate Phase 3
12 Testosterone 17 beta-cypionate Phase 3
13 Estradiol 3-benzoate Phase 3
14 Hormones Phase 3
15 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors Phase 3
16 Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal Phase 3
17 Anabolic Agents Phase 3
18 Androgens Phase 3
19 Estrogen Antagonists Phase 3
20 Aromatase Inhibitors Phase 3
21 Estrogen Receptor Antagonists Phase 3
22 Estrogens Phase 3
23
Desogestrel Approved 54024-22-5 40973
24
Cyproterone Acetate Approved, Investigational 427-51-0
25 Lynestrenol Approved, Investigational 52-76-6
26
Cyproterone 2098-66-0 5284537

Interventional clinical trials:


# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Role of Testosterone and Its Metabolites Regarding Different Physiological Functions in Subjects Affected by Gender Identity Disorder (FtM Transsexuals) Completed NCT00146146 Phase 3 testosterone undecanoate alone;testosterone undecanoate plus letrozole;testosterone undecanoate plus dutasteride
2 Effects of Sex Steroid Hormones on Human Brain Function, Structure and Connectivity: A Longitudinal Study Using 7 Tesla Ultrahigh-field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Completed NCT01292785 Hormones
3 Assessment of Postoperative Urologic and Pelvic Floor Complaints in Male-to-female Transgender Patients: a Mixed Methods Study Recruiting NCT03293771

Search NIH Clinical Center for Gender Identity Disorder

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Genetic Tests for Gender Identity Disorder

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Anatomical Context for Gender Identity Disorder

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Gender Identity Disorder:

40
Brain, Bone, Testes, Ovary, Eye, Colon, Breast
Sources

Publications for Gender Identity Disorder

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Articles related to Gender Identity Disorder:

(show top 50) (show all 426)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
CD8+ T-cell encephalitis mimicking PRES in AIDS: a case report. 61
32397957 2020
2
The Novel Eryngii Method of Nipple Reduction for Female-to-Male Transsexuals. 61
32099254 2020
3
Psychiatric disorders in individuals diagnosed with gender dysphoria: A systematic review. 61
31642568 2020
4
Reduction in Mental Health Treatment Utilization Among Transgender Individuals After Gender-Affirming Surgeries: A Total Population Study. 61
31581798 2019
5
Paranoia in patients with gender dysphoria: A clinical exploration. 61
31579170 2019
6
An artistic inquiry into gender identity disorder/ gender dysphoria: A silent distress. 61
31326770 2019
7
Histrelin implantation in the pediatric population: A 10-year institutional experience. 61
30262200 2019
8
[Approach to the causes of discharge and health needs of transgender people through the National Hospital Discharge Survey in Spain during the period 2001 to 2013]. 61
31155609 2019
9
Thorax masculinization in a transsexual patient: Inferior pedicle mastectomy without an inverted T scar. 61
30931553 2019
10
Queer Theory and Biomedical Practice: The Biomedicalization of Sexuality/The Cultural Politics of Biomedicine. 61
30073625 2019
11
Quality of Life Changes in Iranian Patients Undergoing Female-to-Male Transsexual Surgery: A Prospective Study. 61
30980641 2019
12
A Qualitative Study of the Acceptability of the Proposed ICD-11 Gender Incongruence of Childhood Diagnosis Among Transgender Adults Who Were Labeled Due to Their Gender Identity Since Childhood. 61
29971651 2018
13
Complication Rates and Outcomes After Hysterectomy in Transgender Men. 61
30303922 2018
14
[Sperm Cryopreservation for a Gender Identity Disorder Patient Prior to Sex Reassignment Surgery : A Case Report]. 61
30543745 2018
15
Hepatocellular adenoma in a woman who was undergoing testosterone treatment for gender identity disorder. 61
29589251 2018
16
Quality of life of men and women with gender identity disorder. 61
30126432 2018
17
Temporal Trends in Gender-Affirming Surgery Among Transgender Patients in the United States. 61
29490365 2018
18
Trends in the use of puberty blockers among transgender children in the United States. 61
29715194 2018
19
Mental Health and Disorders of Sex Development/Intersex Conditions in Iranian Culture: Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, 5-α Reductase Deficiency-Type 2, and Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome. 61
29294229 2018
20
Descriptive Study of Gender Dysphoria in Japanese Individuals with Male-to-Female Gender Identity Disorder. 61
29674763 2018
21
Trends in Gender-affirming Surgery in Insured Patients in the United States. 61
29876180 2018
22
Gender incongruence: a comparative study using ICD-10 and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. 61
28977069 2018
23
Behavior Problems and Psychiatric Diagnoses in Girls with Gender Identity Disorder: A Follow-Up Study. 61
28594603 2018
24
Type 3 Thyroplasty for a Patient with Female-to-Male Gender Identity Disorder. 61
29850335 2018
25
Experiences of and barriers to transition-related healthcare among Korean transgender adults: focus on gender identity disorder diagnosis, hormone therapy, and sex reassignment surgery. 61
29514430 2018
26
Changes in hormonal and metabolic parameters in transgender subjects on cross-sex hormone therapy: A cohort study. 61
29169588 2018
27
What Is Gender Dysphoria? A Critical Systematic Narrative Review. 61
30426079 2018
28
Molecular Karyotyping in Children and Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria. 61
30094339 2018
29
Transgender Medicare Beneficiaries and Chronic Conditions: Exploring Fee-for-Service Claims Data. 61
29125908 2017
30
A Case Report of Gender Dysphoria with Morbid Jealousy in a Natal Female. 61
29284816 2017
31
Gender trouble: The World Health Organization, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD)-11 and the trans kids. 61
29216968 2017
32
Psychosocial and Psychological Vulnerability in Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria: A "Proof of Principle" Study. 61
27598940 2017
33
The Pattern of Sexual Interest of Female-to-Male Transsexual Persons With Gender Identity Disorder Does Not Resemble That of Biological Men: An Eye-Tracking Study. 61
28823313 2017
34
Personality and Attachment in Transsexual Adults. 61
28210932 2017
35
Gender Identity in Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. 61
29201068 2017
36
Prevalence, Incidence, and Sex Ratio of Transsexualism in the Autonomous Region of Madrid (Spain) According to Healthcare Demand. 61
28224311 2017
37
Supporting and caring for transgender and gender nonconforming youth in the urology practice. 61
28645619 2017
38
Sex Reassignment Surgery and Enhancement. 61
28025228 2017
39
Troubling Gender or Engendering Trouble? The Problem With Gender Dysphoria in Psychoanalysis. 61
28135154 2017
40
[Psychological Support for Children and Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria -From a Clinical Psychologist's Viewpoint-]. 61
30629866 2017
41
Is Rectosigmoid Vaginoplasty Still Useful? 61
28194347 2017
42
Gender Incongruence of Childhood: Clinical Utility and Stakeholder Agreement with the World Health Organization's Proposed ICD-11 Criteria. 61
28081569 2017
43
[Puberty Suppression for Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria A Japanese Perspective]. 61
30629867 2017
44
[A Questionnaire-based Study of Child Psychiatrists and Clinical Psychologists Regarding and Support for Children with Gender Identity Disorder and Sexual Problems]. 61
30629864 2017
45
Polycystic ovary syndrome and psychiatric disorders: Co-morbidity and heritability in a nationwide Swedish cohort. 61
27513883 2016
46
Psychosexual Outcome Among Iranian Individuals With 5α-Reductase Deficiency Type 2 and Its Relationship With Parental Sexism. 61
27693263 2016
47
The Proposed ICD-11 Gender Incongruence of Childhood Diagnosis: A World Professional Association for Transgender Health Membership Survey. 61
27492343 2016
48
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Traits of Gender Identity Disorder: A Study of Japanese Twins Across Developmental Stages. 61
27507021 2016
49
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Profiles of Patients with Gender Identity Disorder Requesting Sex Reassignment Surgery. 61
27833228 2016
50
[Assessment and management of gender dysphoria in children and adolescents]. 61
27117996 2016
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Variations for Gender Identity Disorder

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Expression for Gender Identity Disorder

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Gender Identity Disorder.
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Pathways for Gender Identity Disorder

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Pathways related to Gender Identity Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway 1
11.73 ESR1 CYP19A1 AR
2
TGF-beta Signaling Pathways 64
11.42 ESR2 ESR1 AR
3
Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway 65
Show member pathways
 11.21 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
4
Apoptosis and survival_Anti-apoptotic action of nuclear ESR1 and ESR2 22
10.88 ESR2 ESR1
5
Ovarian Infertility Genes 1
10.84 PGR ESR2 CYP19A1
6
Plasma membrane estrogen receptor signaling 1
10.82 ESR2 ESR1
7
MNAR-PELP1 and Estrogen Receptor Interaction 63
10.68 ESR2 ESR1
8
Aromatase Inhibitor Pathway (Breast Cell), Pharmacodynamics 60
9.4 ESR2 ESR1 CYP19A1
Sources

GO Terms for Gender Identity Disorder

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Cellular components related to Gender Identity Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 nuclear chromatin GO:0000790 9.35 RFX6 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
2 host cell nucleus GO:0042025 8.92 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR

Biological processes related to Gender Identity Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway GO:0030520 9.43 ESR2 ESR1
2 mammary gland alveolus development GO:0060749 9.4 ESR1 AR
3 uterus development GO:0060065 9.37 ESR1 CYP19A1
4 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway GO:0043401 9.33 PGR ESR1 AR
5 androgen metabolic process GO:0008209 9.32 ESR1 CYP19A1
6 prostate gland growth GO:0060736 9.26 CYP19A1 AR
7 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0006367 9.26 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
8 tertiary branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis GO:0060748 8.62 PGR AR

Molecular functions related to Gender Identity Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 13)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 DNA-binding transcription factor activity GO:0003700 9.92 RFX6 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
2 DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific GO:0000981 9.89 RFX6 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
3 RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0000978 9.83 RFX6 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
4 DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific GO:0001228 9.81 RFX6 PGR ESR1 AR
5 enzyme binding GO:0019899 9.78 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
6 lipid binding GO:0008289 9.76 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
7 ATPase binding GO:0051117 9.58 PGR ESR1 AR
8 steroid hormone receptor activity GO:0003707 9.56 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
9 repressing transcription factor binding GO:0070491 9.46 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
10 estrogen receptor activity GO:0030284 9.37 ESR2 ESR1
11 estrogen response element binding GO:0034056 9.32 ESR2 ESR1
12 nuclear receptor activity GO:0004879 9.26 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
13 steroid binding GO:0005496 8.92 PGR ESR2 ESR1 AR
Sources

Sources for Gender Identity Disorder

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
43 MeSH
44 MESH via Orphanet
45 MGI
48 NCI
49 NCIt
50 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM
57 OMIM via Orphanet
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
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