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MCID: GLM045
MIFTS: 63

Glioma

Categories: Cancer diseases, Neuronal diseases, Rare diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Glioma

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Glioma:

Name: Glioma 20 36 29 54 6 17 71

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Cancer diseases
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases
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External Ids:

KEGG 36 H00042
UMLS 71 C0017638
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Summaries for Glioma

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KEGG : 36 Gliomas are the most common of the primary brain tumors and account for more than 40% of all central nervous system neoplasms. Gliomas include tumours that are composed predominantly of astrocytes (astrocytomas), oligodendrocytes (oligodendrogliomas), mixtures of various glial cells (for example,oligoastrocytomas) and ependymal cells (ependymomas). The most malignant form of infiltrating astrocytoma - glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) - is one of the most aggressive human cancers. GBM may develop de novo (primary glioblastoma) or by progression from low-grade or anaplastic astrocytoma (secondary glioblastoma). Primary glioblastomas develop in older patients and typically show genetic alterations (EGFR amplification, p16/INK4a deletion, and PTEN mutations) at frequencies of 24-34%. Secondary glioblastomas develop in younger patients and frequently show overexpression of PDGF and CDK4 as well as p53 mutations (65%) and loss of Rb playing major roles in such transformations. Loss of PTEN has been implicated in both pathways, although it is much more common in the pathogenesis of primary GBM.

MalaCards based summary : Glioma is related to high grade glioma and glioblastoma. An important gene associated with Glioma is MIR21 (MicroRNA 21), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Glioma and MicroRNAs in cancer. The drugs Midazolam and Lactitol have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, endothelial and t cells.

GARD : 20 Glioma refers to a type of brain tumor that develops from the glial cells, which are specialized cells that surround and support neurons (nerve cells) in the brain. It is generally classified based on which type of glial cell is involved in the tumor: Astocytoma - tumors that develop from star-shaped glial cells called astrocytes Ependymomas - tumors that arise from ependymal cells that line the ventricles of the brain and the center of the spinal cord Oligodendrogliomas - tumors that affect the oligodendrocytes The symptoms of glioma vary by type but may include headaches; nausea and vomiting; confusion; personality changes; trouble with balance; vision problems; speech difficulties; and/or seizures. The exact underlying cause is unknown. In most cases, the tumor occurs sporadically in people with no family history of the condition. Treatment depends on many factors, including the type, size, stage and location of the tumor, but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and/or targeted therapy.

Wikipedia : 74 A glioma is a type of tumor that starts in the glial cells of the brain or the spine. Gliomas comprise... more...

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Related Diseases for Glioma

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Diseases related to Glioma via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 1063)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 high grade glioma 33.1 PVT1 NEAT1 MALAT1 HOTAIR H19 GAS5
2 glioblastoma 32.3 MIR34A MIR296 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR181A2
3 neuroblastoma 31.8 MIR34A MIR221 MIR21 MIR184 MIR17 MALAT1
4 medulloblastoma 31.3 MIR34A MIR17 HOTAIR H19 FOXO1 CDKN2B-AS1
5 b-cell lymphoma 31.2 PVT1 MIR34A MIR21 MIR17 MALAT1 HOTAIR
6 lung cancer susceptibility 3 30.9 MIR21 MIR17 MALAT1 HOTAIR H19 GAS5
7 osteogenic sarcoma 30.9 UCA1 PVT1 NEAT1 MALAT1 HOTAIR H19
8 pituitary adenoma 30.8 MALAT1 HOTAIR H19
9 central nervous system cancer 30.8 MIR34A MIR296 MIR222 MIR21 MIR17 MIR15B
10 nervous system cancer 30.7 MIR34A MIR222 MIR21 MIR17 MIR15B CDKN2B-AS1
11 leukemia, acute lymphoblastic 30.7 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR17 CDKN2B-AS1
12 small cell cancer of the lung 30.6 MIR21 MALAT1 HOTAIR
13 thyroid carcinoma 30.5 UCA1 PVT1 NEAT1 MALAT1 HOTAIR H19
14 diffuse large b-cell lymphoma 30.5 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR17 HOTAIR
15 melanoma 30.5 UCA1 PVT1 MIR34A MIR222 MIR221 MIR184
16 retinitis pigmentosa 11 30.5 UCA1 PVT1 NEAT1 MIR296 HOTAIR GAS5
17 bladder cancer 30.5 UCA1 PVT1 MIR34A MIR222 MIR221 MIR21
18 cholangiocarcinoma 30.5 UCA1 NEAT1 MIR21 MALAT1 H19
19 renal cell carcinoma, nonpapillary 30.4 UCA1 PVT1 MIR34A MIR221 MIR21 MIR17
20 leukemia, acute myeloid 30.4 UCA1 MIR34A MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR184
21 disease by infectious agent 30.4 MIR34A MIR221 MIR21 MIR17
22 parkinson disease, late-onset 30.4 NEAT1 MIR21 MALAT1 HOTAIR H19 FOXO1
23 squamous cell carcinoma 30.4 UCA1 NEAT1 MALAT1 HOTAIR H19 CDKN2B-AS1
24 esophageal cancer 30.3 UCA1 PVT1 MIR34A MIR21 MALAT1 HOTAIR
25 body mass index quantitative trait locus 11 30.3 MIR34A MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR17 H19
26 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma 30.2 NEAT1 MIR34A MIR21 MALAT1 HOTAIR H19
27 central nervous system disease 30.2 MIR34A MIR221 MIR21 MIR17 MIR15B H19
28 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma 30.2 UCA1 PVT1 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MALAT1
29 clear cell renal cell carcinoma 30.2 PVT1 MIR296 MIR21 MIR15B MALAT1
30 nervous system disease 30.2 MIR34A MIR296 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR17
31 kidney cancer 30.1 PVT1 MIR21 MIR17 MALAT1 HOTAIR H19
32 endometrial cancer 30.1 UCA1 NEAT1 MIR34A HOTAIR H19 GAS5
33 myeloma, multiple 30.1 UCA1 PVT1 MIR21 MIR181A2 MIR17 MALAT1
34 ovarian epithelial cancer 30.1 MALAT1 HOTAIR H19
35 diabetes mellitus 30.1 PVT1 MIR34A MIR222 MIR181A2 MIR17 MALAT1
36 tongue squamous cell carcinoma 30.0 UCA1 MIR222 MIR21 MALAT1
37 nasopharyngeal carcinoma 30.0 PVT1 NEAT1 MIR21 MIR17 MALAT1 HOTAIR
38 acute myocardial infarction 30.0 UCA1 MIR34A MIR21 CDKN2B-AS1
39 lung cancer 30.0 UCA1 PVT1 NEAT1 MIR34A MIR296 MIR222
40 gallbladder cancer 30.0 UCA1 MALAT1 HOTAIR H19 CDKN2B-AS1
41 thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 1 30.0 PVT1 NEAT1 MIR222 MIR221 MALAT1 HOTAIR
42 leukemia, chronic lymphocytic 30.0 NEAT1 MIR34A MIR296 MIR221 MIR21 MIR181A2
43 cervical cancer 29.9 UCA1 PVT1 NEAT1 MIR34A MIR21 MIR17
44 gastric cancer 29.9 UCA1 PVT1 NEAT1 MIR34A MIR222 MIR221
45 lymphoma, non-hodgkin, familial 29.9 MIR34A MIR222 MIR21 MIR17 MIR15B MIR146B
46 hematologic cancer 29.9 PVT1 MIR34A MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR17
47 inherited metabolic disorder 29.9 MIR34A MIR21 MIR17
48 leukemia, chronic myeloid 29.8 UCA1 MIR17 HOTAIR H19
49 pancreatic cancer 29.8 UCA1 PVT1 NEAT1 MIR34A MIR222 MIR221
50 hepatocellular carcinoma 29.8 UCA1 PVT1 NEAT1 MIR34A MIR222 MIR221

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Glioma:



Diseases related to Glioma
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Glioma

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Glioma

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Drugs for Glioma (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 476)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Midazolam Approved, Illicit Phase 4 59467-70-8 4192
2
Lactitol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 585-86-4 157355
3
Levetiracetam Approved Phase 4 102767-28-2 441341
4
Dabrafenib Approved, Investigational Phase 4 1195765-45-7 44462760 44516822
5
Trametinib Approved Phase 4 871700-17-3 11707110
6
Phenobarbital Approved, Investigational Phase 4 50-06-6 4763
7
Phenytoin Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 57-41-0 1775
8
Carbamazepine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 298-46-4 2554
9
Lacosamide Approved Phase 4 860352-01-8, 175481-36-4 219078
10
Gabapentin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 60142-96-3 3446
11
Topiramate Approved Phase 4 97240-79-4 5284627
12
Lamotrigine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 84057-84-1 3878
13
Zonisamide Approved, Investigational Phase 4 68291-97-4 5734
14
Rufinamide Approved Phase 4 106308-44-5 129228
15
Clobazam Approved, Illicit Phase 4 22316-47-8 2789
16
Pregabalin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 148553-50-8 5486971
17 Protein Kinase Inhibitors Phase 4
18 Psychotropic Drugs Phase 4
19 Calcium, Dietary Phase 4
20 Hypoglycemic Agents Phase 4
21 Analgesics, Non-Narcotic Phase 4
22 Analgesics Phase 4
23 calcium channel blockers Phase 4
24 Sodium Channel Blockers Phase 4
25 Diuretics, Potassium Sparing Phase 4
26 Antipsychotic Agents Phase 4
27 Anti-Anxiety Agents Phase 4
28 Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists Phase 4
29 Hypnotics and Sedatives Phase 4
30 GABA Modulators Phase 4
31 GABA Agonists Phase 4
32
Calcium Nutraceutical Phase 4 7440-70-2 271
33
leucovorin Approved Phase 3 58-05-9 6006
34
Dextroamphetamine Approved, Illicit Phase 3 51-64-9 5826
35
Prednisone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 3 53-03-2 5865
36
Ifosfamide Approved Phase 3 3778-73-2 3690
37
Trioxsalen Approved Phase 3 3902-71-4 5585
38
Heparin Approved, Investigational Phase 3 9005-49-6 772 9812414
39
Dalteparin Approved Phase 3 9005-49-6
40
Tinzaparin Approved Phase 3 9041-08-1, 9005-49-6 25244225
41
Modafinil Approved, Investigational Phase 3 68693-11-8 4236
42
Somatostatin Approved, Investigational Phase 2, Phase 3 51110-01-1, 38916-34-6 53481605
43
Cobalt Approved, Experimental Phase 3 7440-48-4 104729
44
Vinblastine Approved Phase 3 865-21-4 13342 241903
45
Vincristine Approved, Investigational Phase 3 2068-78-2, 57-22-7 5978
46
Benzocaine Approved, Investigational Phase 3 1994-09-7, 94-09-7 2337
47
tannic acid Approved Phase 3 1401-55-4
48
Copper Approved, Investigational Phase 2, Phase 3 7440-50-8 27099
49
Disulfiram Approved Phase 2, Phase 3 97-77-8 3117
50
Ethanol Approved Phase 2, Phase 3 64-17-5 702

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 1181)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 A Prospective, Single-Blinded, Randomized Study of Awake vs Intubated General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Elective Craniotomy for Supratentorial Glioma Resection Completed NCT02193568 Phase 4
2 Seizure Treatment IN Glioma (STING): Comparing a Treatment Strategy With Levetiracetam Versus Treatment With Valproic Acid in Glioma Patients With a First Seizure Recruiting NCT03048084 Phase 4 Levetiracetam;Valproic Acid
3 An Open Label, Multi-center Roll-over Study to Assess Long-term Effect in Pediatric Patients Treated With Tafinlar (Dabrafenib) and/or Mekinist (Trametinib) Recruiting NCT03975829 Phase 4 dabrafenib;trametinib
4 Open Label, Multi-center Roll-over Study to Assess Long Term Safety in Patients Who Have Completed a Global Novartis or GSK Sponsored Dabrafenib and/or Trametinib Study Recruiting NCT03340506 Phase 4 dabrafenib;trametinib
5 A Phase IV, Prospective, Open-Label, Parallel Study Evaluating the Effect of an Adjunctive Anti-Seizure Medication Using a Glutamatergic Modulator in Patients With Focal Epilepsy and High-Grade Glioma Not yet recruiting NCT04650204 Phase 4 Phenobarbital, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Valproate, Gabapentin, Pregabalin, Lamotrigine, Topiramate, Leviteracetam, Lacosamide, Zonisamide, Clobazam, Oxcarbezepine, Rufinamide;Perampanel
6 A Study of CIK in Combination With Temozolomide With and Without Radiation in Adults With Advanced Malignant Gliomas Not yet recruiting NCT02496988 Phase 4 Temozolomide
7 Cognitive Rehabilitation of Glioma Patients: a Prospective, Randomized Study Unknown status NCT00256425 Phase 3
8 A Phase III Clinical Trial Evaluating DCVax®-L, Autologous Dendritic Cells Pulsed With Tumor Lysate Antigen For The Treatment Of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) Unknown status NCT00045968 Phase 3 Dendritic cell immunotherapy
9 A Study Evaluating Dexamfetamine Sulphate in Patients With Glioma Suffering From Severe Asthenia. A Phase III Double-blind Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial Unknown status NCT02363075 Phase 3 Dexamfetamine sulphate;placebo
10 Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma and High Grade Glioma Unknown status NCT00278278 Phase 3 cisplatin;etoposide;ifosfamide;lomustine;methotrexate;prednisone;vincristine sulfate
11 Phase 3 Study of Carmustine Sustained Release Implant (CASANT) to Treat Newly Diagnosed Malignant Glioma Unknown status NCT01656980 Phase 3 Carmustine
12 Prospective Randomized Trial of Two Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Regimens Versus Conventional Radiotherapy in Pediatric Diffuse Brainstem Glioma Unknown status NCT01878266 Phase 3
13 Barrow 5-ALA Intraoperative Confocal Evaluation Trial Unknown status NCT01502280 Phase 3 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA);Placebo - ascorbic acid
14 Impact of Surgery on the Treatment of Supratentorial Malignant Gliomas in Subjects Aged 70 and Over Unknown status NCT02892708 Phase 3
15 Ultimate Low Grade Glioma Study Unknown status NCT00003015 Phase 3 carboplatin;vincristine sulfate
16 Efficacy of Stereotactic Conformal Radiotherapy (SCRT) Compared to Conventional Radiotherapy in Minimising Late Sequelae in Children and Young Adults With Brain Tumours: a Randomised Clinical Trial Unknown status NCT00517959 Phase 3
17 A Phase III Trial on Adjuvant Standard Temozolomide Chemotherapy With or Without Interferon-alpha in Newly Diagnosed High-grade Gliomas Unknown status NCT01765088 Phase 3 Temozolomide;α-IFN
18 A Trial of Dalteparin Low Molecular Weight Heparin for Primary Prophylaxis of Venous Thromboembolism in Brain Tumour Patients (PRODIGE) Completed NCT00135876 Phase 3 dalteparin
19 A Phase II Study of Observation in Favorable Low-Grade Glioma and a Phase II Study of Radiation With or Without PCV Chemotherapy in Unfavorable Low-Grade Glioma Completed NCT00003375 Phase 2, Phase 3 lomustine;procarbazine hydrochloride;vincristine sulfate
20 Clinical Study to Assess the Positive Predictive Value of NPC-07 Induced Tissue Fluorescence in Patients With Malignant Glioma (WHO Grades III/IV) Completed NCT01167322 Phase 3 NPC-07 for oral administration
21 PET/CT Imaging of Malignant Glioma With Somatostatin Analog 68Ga-DOTATOC Completed NCT01460706 Phase 2, Phase 3 [68Ga]DOTATOC
22 A Phase III Comparison of Hyperfractionated Radiation Therapy (RT) With BCNU and Conventional RT With BCNU for Supratentorial Malignant Glioma Completed NCT03722355 Phase 3 Carmustine
23 Prospective Randomized Trial of Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Versus Conventional Radiotherapy in Diffuse Brainstem Glioma in Children. Completed NCT01635140 Phase 3
24 A Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo Controlled Study of Armodafinil (Nuvigil®) To Reduce Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients With High Grade Glioma Completed NCT01781468 Phase 3 armodafinil 150 mg;armodafinil 250 mg
25 NOA-04 Randomized Phase III Study of Sequential Radiochemotherapy of Anaplastic Glioma With PCV or Temozolomide Completed NCT00717210 Phase 3 Temozolomide
26 Randomized Study of Normal-fractionated Radiotherapy Versus Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Versus Chemotherapy in Patients Over 60 Years With Malignant Glioma Completed NCT00820963 Phase 3 temozolomide
27 Fluorescence-guided Resection of Malignant Gliomas With 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA) vs. Conventional Resection Completed NCT00241670 Phase 3 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)
28 Primary Chemotherapy With Temozolomide Versus Radiotherapy in Patients With Low Grade Gliomas After Stratification for Genetic 1p Loss: A Phase III Study Completed NCT00182819 Phase 3 temozolomide
29 Focal Fractionated Conformal Stereotactic Boost Following Conventional Radiotherapy of High Grade Gliomas: A Randomized Phase III Study Completed NCT00003916 Phase 3
30 A Randomized Prospective Two Arm Clinical Trial of High Light Dose And Low Light Dose PDT in the Treatment of Recurrent Malignant Supratentorial Gliomas Using Porfimer Sodium [Photofrin] Completed NCT00118222 Phase 3 porfimer sodium
31 A Phase III Randomized Trial for the Treatment of Pediatric High Grade Gliomas at First Recurrence With a Single High Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplant Versus Three Courses of Intermediate Dose Chemotherapy With Peripheral Blood Stem Cell (PBSC) Support Completed NCT00078988 Phase 3 carboplatin;etoposide;isotretinoin;thiotepa
32 EFFECT OF DIBROMODULCITOL PLUS BCNU ON FREE INTERVAL AND SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH SUPRATENTORIAL MALIGNANT BRAIN GLIOMAS, A PHASE III TYPE STUDY Completed NCT00002620 Phase 3 carmustine;chemotherapy;mitolactol
33 Phase III Intergroup Study of Radiotherapy With Concomitant and Adjuvant Temozolomide Versus Radiotherapy With Adjuvant PCV Chemotherapy in Patients With 1p/19q Co-deleted Anaplastic Glioma or Low Grade Glioma Recruiting NCT00887146 Phase 3 concomitant temozolomide (TMZ);procarbazine;adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ);CCNU;vincristine
34 International Cooperative Phase III Trial of the HIT-HGG Study Group for the Treatment of High Grade Glioma, Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma, and Gliomatosis Cerebri in Children and Adolescents < 18 Years.(HIT-HGG-2013) Recruiting NCT03243461 Phase 3 Temozolomide + Valproic Acid
35 Radiotherapy Versus Radiotherapy Combined With Temozolomide in High-risk Low-grade Gliomas After Surgery Recruiting NCT04316039 Phase 2, Phase 3 Temozolomide
36 IDH Mutated 1p/19q Intact Lower Grade Glioma Following Resection: Wait Or Treat? IWOT - a Phase III Study Recruiting NCT03763422 Phase 3 Temozolomide
37 Neuropsychological and Oncological Outcomes in Grade 2 or 3 Glioma Patients Undergoing Postoperative Modern Radiotherapy - A Prospective Follow-up Study Recruiting NCT03534050 Phase 2, Phase 3
38 A Phase 3 Randomized Study of Selumetinib Versus Carboplatin/Vincristine in Newly Diagnosed or Previously Untreated Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) Associated Low-Grade Glioma (LGG) Recruiting NCT03871257 Phase 3 Carboplatin;Selumetinib Sulfate;Vincristine Sulfate
39 A Phase III Study Comparing Two Carboplatin Containing Regimens for Children and Young Adults With Previously Untreated Low Grade Glioma Recruiting NCT02455245 Phase 3 Carboplatin;Vincristine
40 A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of AG-881 in Subjects With Residual or Recurrent Grade 2 Glioma With an IDH1 or IDH2 Mutation Recruiting NCT04164901 Phase 3 AG-881;Matching Placebo
41 A Phase 3 Randomized Non-Inferiority Study of Carboplatin and Vincristine Versus Selumetinib (NSC# 748727) in Newly Diagnosed or Previously Untreated Low-Grade Glioma (LGG) Not Associated With BRAFV600E Mutations or Systemic Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) Recruiting NCT04166409 Phase 3 Carboplatin;Selumetinib Sulfate;Vincristine Sulfate
42 A Single-blind, Randomized, Clinical Trial Comparing the Efficacy of 6 Cycles Versus 12 Cycles Temozolomide Regimens in Adjuvant Treatment of Patients With Brain High Grade Glioma Recruiting NCT03633552 Phase 3 Temozolomide
43 Efficacy of Post-radiation Adjuvant Temozolomide Chemotherapy in Residue Low-grade Glioma Recruiting NCT01649830 Phase 3 Temozolomide
44 A Randomized Trial of Delayed Radiotherapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed 1p/19q Codeleted Anaplastic Oligodendroglial Tumors: the POLCA Trial. Recruiting NCT02444000 Phase 3 PCV chemotherapy alone;Radiotherapy+PCV chemotherapy
45 Interest of Fluorescein in Fluorescence-guided Resection of Gliomas: A Randomized Study Recruiting NCT03291977 Phase 3 Fluorescéine Sodique Faure
46 A Study on β-elemene as Maintain Treatment for Complete Remission Patients of Newly Diagnosed Malignant Gliomas Following Standard Treatment Recruiting NCT02629757 Phase 3 β-elemene
47 A Phase 3 Study of Selumetinib (NSC# 748727) or Selumetinib in Combination With Vinblastine for Non-NF1, Non-TSC Patients With Recurrent or Progressive Low-Grade Gliomas (LGGs) Lacking BRAFV600E or IDH1 Mutations Recruiting NCT04576117 Phase 3 Selumetinib Sulfate;Vinblastine Sulfate
48 3.0T High-field Intraoperative MRI Guided Extent of Resection in Cerebral Glioma Surgery: a Single Center Prospective Randomized Triple-blind Controlled Clinical Trial Active, not recruiting NCT01479686 Phase 3
49 DIRECT (DIsulfiram REsponse as add-on to ChemoTherapy in Recurrent) Glioblastoma: A Randomized Controlled Trial Active, not recruiting NCT02678975 Phase 2, Phase 3 Disulfiram;Alkylating Agents
50 A Randomized Phase II/III Study of Vorinostat and Local Irradiation OR Temozolomide and Local Irradiation OR Bevacizumab and Local Irradiation Followed by Maintenance Bevacizumab and Temozolomide in Children With Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Gliomas Active, not recruiting NCT01236560 Phase 2, Phase 3 Temozolomide;Vorinostat

Search NIH Clinical Center for Glioma

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Genetic Tests for Glioma

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Genetic tests related to Glioma:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Glioma 29
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Anatomical Context for Glioma

About this section

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Glioma:

40
Brain, Endothelial, T Cells, Spinal Cord, Myeloid, Bone Marrow, Cortex
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Publications for Glioma

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Articles related to Glioma:

(show top 50) (show all 31188)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
MicroRNA-34a inhibits glioblastoma growth by targeting multiple oncogenes. 47 61 54
19773441 2009
2
Co-suppression of miR-221/222 cluster suppresses human glioma cell growth by targeting p27kip1 in vitro and in vivo. 47 54 61
19424584 2009
3
MicroRNA 21 promotes glioma invasion by targeting matrix metalloproteinase regulators. 54 47 61
18591254 2008
4
Identification and functional characterization of microRNAs involved in the malignant progression of gliomas. 61 47
19775293 2010
5
MicroRNA-10b is overexpressed in malignant glioma and associated with tumor invasive factors, uPAR and RhoC. 61 47
19536818 2009
6
microRNA-146b inhibits glioma cell migration and invasion by targeting MMPs. 61 47
19265686 2009
7
MicroRNA-15b regulates cell cycle progression by targeting cyclins in glioma cells. 61 47
19135980 2009
8
hsa-mir-181a and hsa-mir-181b function as tumor suppressors in human glioma cells. 61 47
18710654 2008
9
MicroRNA-21 knockdown disrupts glioma growth in vivo and displays synergistic cytotoxicity with neural precursor cell delivered S-TRAIL in human gliomas. 61 47
17908999 2007
10
AKT2 expression is associated with glioma malignant progression and required for cell survival and invasion. 61 54
20514445 2010
11
JNK mediates insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2/integrin alpha5-dependent glioma cell migration. 54 61
20514406 2010
12
The carboxy-terminal tail of connexin43 gap junction protein is sufficient to mediate cytoskeleton changes in human glioma cells. 61 54
20512920 2010
13
Glioma cell populations grouped by different cell type markers drive brain tumor growth. 61 54
20460538 2010
14
Intussusceptive microvascular growth in human glioma. 61 54
19882213 2010
15
Inhibition of metalloproteinases derived from tumours: new insights in the treatment of human glioblastoma. 61 54
20382206 2010
16
Induction of S100B secretion in C6 astroglial cells by the major metabolites accumulating in glutaric acidemia type I. 61 54
20437086 2010
17
A novel bicistronic high-capacity gutless adenovirus vector that drives constitutive expression of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase and tet-inducible expression of Flt3L for glioma therapeutics. 61 54
20375153 2010
18
Gene expression profiling predicts response to temozolomide in malignant gliomas. 61 54
20428759 2010
19
Association between YKL-40 and adult primary astrocytoma. 54 61
20499402 2010
20
Combination therapy with Gamma Knife radiosurgery and antisense EGFR for malignant glioma in vitro and orthotopic xenografts. 54 61
20428813 2010
21
Astrocyte elevated gene-1 upregulates matrix metalloproteinase-9 and induces human glioma invasion. 54 61
20388776 2010
22
CD40 is a regulator for vascular endothelial growth factor in the tumor microenvironment of glioma. 61 54
20303602 2010
23
Clinical and biological significance of forkhead class box O 3a expression in glioma: mediation of glioma malignancy by transcriptional regulation of p27kip1. 61 54
19911116 2010
24
Imaging of human glioma cells by means of a Syndecan-4 directed DOTA-conjugate. 61 54
19777324 2010
25
Immunohistochemical expression of stem cell, endothelial cell, and chemosensitivity markers in primary glioma spheroids cultured in serum-containing and serum-free medium. 61 54
20404698 2010
26
Induction of apoptosis in glioma cells requires cell-to-cell contact with human umbilical cord blood stem cells. 61 54
20372790 2010
27
Bradykinin-induced cell migration and COX-2 production mediated by the bradykinin B1 receptor in glioma cells. 61 54
20411591 2010
28
Genetic variants in inflammation pathway genes and asthma in glioma susceptibility. 61 54
20406895 2010
29
FasL gene knock-down therapy enhances the antiglioma immune response. 54 61
20406899 2010
30
Nodal promotes growth and invasion in human gliomas. 54 61
20383200 2010
31
RECK-mediated inhibition of glioma migration and invasion. 61 54
20127710 2010
32
TRPV2 channel negatively controls glioma cell proliferation and resistance to Fas-induced apoptosis in ERK-dependent manner. 54 61
20093382 2010
33
Human umbilical cord blood stem cells show PDGF-D-dependent glioma cell tropism in vitro and in vivo. 61 54
20406896 2010
34
Human neural stem cells transduced with IFN-beta and cytosine deaminase genes intensify bystander effect in experimental glioma. 61 54
19893595 2010
35
Hepatocyte growth factor in cerebrospinal fluid is associated with mortality and recurrence of glioblastoma, and could be of prognostic value. 61 54
19856144 2010
36
Schweinfurthin A selectively inhibits proliferation and Rho signaling in glioma and neurofibromatosis type 1 tumor cells in a NF1-GRD-dependent manner. 54 61
20442305 2010
37
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor type 1 regulates glioma cell proliferation and correlates with patient survival. 61 54
19810093 2010
38
Akt signaling pathway: a target for radiosensitizing human malignant glioma. 54 61
20406894 2010
39
Peptide-based interference of the transmembrane domain of neuropilin-1 inhibits glioma growth in vivo. 61 54
20140015 2010
40
Erratum to: Hepatocyte growth factor production is stimulated by gangliosides and TGF-beta isoforms in human glioma cells. 54 61
20119650 2010
41
Defective cAMP generation underlies the sensitivity of CNS neurons to neurofibromatosis-1 heterozygosity. 61 54
20410111 2010
42
Cooperative expression of junctional adhesion molecule-C and -B supports growth and invasion of glioma. 54 61
19795504 2010
43
The chemokine receptor CXCR7 is highly expressed in human glioma cells and mediates antiapoptotic effects. 61 54
20388803 2010
44
Protective effect of autophagy in laser-induced glioma cell death in vitro. 54 61
20432283 2010
45
Improved intratumoral oxygenation through vascular normalization increases glioma sensitivity to ionizing radiation. 54 61
20338480 2010
46
Target gene therapy of glioma: overexpression of BAX gene under the control of both tissue-specific promoter and hypoxia-inducible element. 61 54
20383466 2010
47
Chloroquine activates the p53 pathway and induces apoptosis in human glioma cells. 54 61
20308316 2010
48
Upregulation of PTEN in glioma cells by cord blood mesenchymal stem cells inhibits migration via downregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. 54 61
20436671 2010
49
ZD6474, a multitargeted inhibitor for receptor tyrosine kinases, suppresses growth of gliomas expressing an epidermal growth factor receptor mutant, EGFRvIII, in the brain. 54 61
20371720 2010
50
Antitumor efficacy profile of PKI-402, a dual phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor. 61 54
20371716 2010
Sources

Variations for Glioma

About this section

ClinVar genetic disease variations for Glioma:

6
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID GRCh37 Pos GRCh38 Pos
1 ARID3C Complex Likely pathogenic 617751 9:23524426-87359888
2 VPS35 Translocation Likely pathogenic 930214 10:123241693-123243211

Cosmic variations for Glioma:

9 (show top 50) (show all 20748)
# Cosmic Mut ID Gene Symbol COSMIC Disease Classification
(Primary site, Site subtype, Primary histology, Histology subtype)		 Mutation CDS Mutation AA GRCh38 Location Conf
1 COSM85192834 ZW10 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2140C>T p.P714S 11:113736699-113736699 8
2 COSM86922763 ZSWIM4 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.266C>T p.P89L 19:13799832-13799832 8
3 COSM88263742 ZRSR2 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.340C>T p.Q114* 23:15804138-15804138 8
4 COSM88261602 ZRSR2 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.961C>T p.P321S 23:15822754-15822754 8
5 COSM88263021 ZRSR2 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.260G>A p.R87K 23:15803744-15803744 8
6 COSM88261596 ZRSR2 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.271G>A p.E91K 23:15803755-15803755 8
7 COSM88262556 ZRSR2 central nervous system,brain,glioma,oligodendroglioma c.220G>A p.E74K 23:15803704-15803704 8
8 COSM87830624 ZPLD1 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.393A>T p.G131= 3:102456210-102456210 8
9 COSM119316158 ZPLD1 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.345A>T p.G115= 3:102456210-102456210 8
10 COSM116178212 ZPLD1 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.345A>T p.G115= 3:102456210-102456210 8
11 COSM106156998 ZNF697 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.1550G>A p.G517D 1:119622793-119622793 8
12 COSM93171584 ZNF687 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.3651C>T p.T1217= 1:151291146-151291146 8
13 COSM93173649 ZNF687 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2044T>A p.C682S 1:151288335-151288335 8
14 COSM93173639 ZNF687 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2043G>C p.Q681H 1:151288334-151288334 8
15 COSM92762364 ZNF507 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.1517G>C p.R506T 19:32354347-32354347 8
16 COSM91851905 ZNF507 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.1517G>C p.R506T 19:32354347-32354347 8
17 COSM130988554 ZNF507 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.1517G>C p.R506T 19:32354347-32354347 8
18 COSM141250987 ZNF473 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.42C>T p.D14= 19:50039193-50039193 8
19 COSM84172269 ZNF473 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.42C>T p.D14= 19:50039193-50039193 8
20 COSM141790125 ZNF473 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.42C>T p.D14= 19:50039193-50039193 8
21 COSM99924035 ZNF473 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.42C>T p.D14= 19:50039193-50039193 8
22 COSM111538647 ZNF473 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.6C>T p.D2= 19:50039193-50039193 8
23 COSM84507966 ZNF276 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.*664G>A p.? 16:89738910-89738910 8
24 COSM102909520 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2116G>A p.D706N 20:47246116-47246116 8
25 COSM116582422 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2176G>A p.D726N 20:47246116-47246116 8
26 COSM92864918 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2102T>G p.V701G 20:47246130-47246130 8
27 COSM111370233 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2116G>A p.D706N 20:47246116-47246116 8
28 COSM91410147 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2116G>A p.D706N 20:47246116-47246116 8
29 COSM97055096 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.1913T>G p.V638G 20:47246130-47246130 8
30 COSM112970642 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2176G>A p.D726N 20:47246116-47246116 8
31 COSM92871777 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2116G>A p.D706N 20:47246116-47246116 8
32 COSM85475347 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2102T>G p.V701G 20:47246130-47246130 8
33 COSM143801239 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2041G>A p.D681N 20:47246116-47246116 8
34 COSM114834078 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2087T>G p.V696G 20:47246130-47246130 8
35 COSM114839982 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2101G>A p.D701N 20:47246116-47246116 8
36 COSM91535436 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2176G>A p.D726N 20:47246116-47246116 8
37 COSM91528627 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2162T>G p.V721G 20:47246130-47246130 8
38 COSM133275210 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.1960G>A p.D654N 20:47246116-47246116 8
39 COSM143618110 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2116G>A p.D706N 20:47246116-47246116 8
40 COSM111362863 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2102T>G p.V701G 20:47246130-47246130 8
41 COSM91401933 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2102T>G p.V701G 20:47246130-47246130 8
42 COSM130874736 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2197G>A p.D733N 20:47246116-47246116 8
43 COSM116576154 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2162T>G p.V721G 20:47246130-47246130 8
44 COSM143862983 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2101G>A p.D701N 20:47246116-47246116 8
45 COSM143796197 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2027T>G p.V676G 20:47246130-47246130 8
46 COSM102902986 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2102T>G p.V701G 20:47246130-47246130 8
47 COSM133265728 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.1946T>G p.V649G 20:47246130-47246130 8
48 COSM85483642 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2116G>A p.D706N 20:47246116-47246116 8
49 COSM112964306 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2162T>G p.V721G 20:47246130-47246130 8
50 COSM143856741 ZMYND8 central nervous system,brain,glioma,astrocytoma Grade IV c.2087T>G p.V696G 20:47246130-47246130 8

Copy number variations for Glioma from CNVD:

7 (show top 50) (show all 1065)
# CNVD ID Chromosome Start End Type Gene Symbol CNVD Disease
1 13321 2 208809197 208828051 Copy number IDH1 Glioma
2 14132 1 10403401 10408000 Deletion Glioma
3 14198 1 105227801 105232100 Deletion Glioma
4 15004 1 111800000 116100000 Deletion Glioma
5 15199 1 113411001 113417300 Deletion Glioma
6 15250 1 113839501 113849000 Deletion Glioma
7 15641 1 117679901 117685200 Deletion Glioma
8 15695 1 118394101 118397900 Deletion Glioma
9 19119 1 148648801 148652600 Deletion Glioma
10 19806 1 151480801 151485400 Deletion Glioma
11 20843 1 154791301 154797500 Deletion IQGAP3 Glioma
12 21174 1 157132201 157138600 Deletion Glioma
13 21291 1 157913501 157918300 Deletion Glioma
14 21685 1 160317401 160321200 Deletion Glioma
15 23692 1 173061201 173070300 Deletion Glioma
16 24042 1 174742901 174746800 Deletion Glioma
17 24302 1 178448601 178452400 Deletion Glioma
18 25156 1 185029601 185033600 Deletion Glioma
19 25220 1 185729601 185734900 Deletion Glioma
20 25241 1 185980701 185991100 Deletion Glioma
21 25290 1 186804101 186808700 Deletion Glioma
22 25655 1 192615401 192619700 Deletion Glioma
23 26024 1 195765301 195771800 Deletion Glioma
24 26054 1 196268601 196275300 Deletion Glioma
25 26178 1 197703301 197708700 Deletion Glioma
26 26883 1 20368201 20372100 Deletion PLA2G2C Glioma
27 26979 1 204445801 204451500 Deletion Glioma
28 27209 1 205357001 205361800 Deletion Glioma
29 27636 1 210535701 210541200 Deletion Glioma
30 27909 1 215522601 215526900 Deletion Glioma
31 27938 1 216247201 216257200 Deletion Glioma
32 27948 1 216310301 216315100 Deletion Glioma
33 28054 1 217987801 217992100 Deletion Glioma
34 28169 1 219443901 219451100 Deletion Glioma
35 28238 1 220438701 220448900 Deletion Glioma
36 28860 1 226089101 226092600 Deletion Glioma
37 29433 1 232027401 232031900 Deletion Glioma
38 29707 1 234613701 234620000 Deletion Glioma
39 29744 1 234984301 234988400 Deletion ACTN2 Glioma
40 29950 1 238457901 238463400 Deletion Glioma
41 29974 1 238682401 238685500 Deletion Glioma
42 30033 1 239425501 239429300 Deletion Glioma
43 30273 1 241490101 241494000 Deletion Glioma
44 30527 1 244220301 244224400 Deletion Glioma
45 30564 1 244503701 244507900 Deletion Glioma
46 30805 1 246116501 246126100 Deletion OR2W3 Glioma
47 31058 1 25029301 25036000 Deletion Glioma
48 31536 1 28129101 28135200 Deletion SMPDL3B Glioma
49 31728 1 30200000 32400000 Deletion Glioma
50 33111 1 42513801 42517800 Deletion FOXJ3 Glioma
Sources

Expression for Glioma

About this section
Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Glioma.
Sources

Pathways for Glioma

About this section

Pathways related to Glioma according to KEGG:

36
# Name Kegg Source Accession
1 Glioma hsa05214
2 MicroRNAs in cancer hsa05206

Pathways related to Glioma according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
MicroRNAs in cancer 36
11.66 MIR34A MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR181A2 MIR17
2
Alzheimers Disease 1
11.63 MIR21 MIR184 MIR181A2 LINC00461
3
miRNAs involved in DNA damage response 1
11.13 MIR222 MIR221 MIR15B
4
Cell Differentiation - Index 1
10.84 MIR222 MIR221 MIR181A2 MIR146B
5
LncRNA-mediated mechanisms of therapeutic resistance 1
10.4 UCA1 HOTAIR
Sources

GO Terms for Glioma

About this section

Cellular components related to Glioma according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular vesicle GO:1903561 9.1 MIR34A MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR17 MIR15B

Biological processes related to Glioma according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 31)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 positive regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043065 9.95 MIR221 MIR21 MIR15B FOXO1
2 negative regulation of gene expression GO:0010629 9.95 MIR34A MIR21 MIR181A2 MIR17 CDKN2B-AS1
3 positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling GO:0051897 9.87 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 H19
4 negative regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050728 9.84 MIR222 MIR221 MIR181A2 MIR15B
5 cellular response to hypoxia GO:0071456 9.82 MIR34A MIR17 MALAT1
6 negative regulation of angiogenesis GO:0016525 9.81 MIR34A MIR222 MIR21 MIR15B
7 positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition GO:0010718 9.73 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21
8 negative regulation of sprouting angiogenesis GO:1903671 9.7 MIR34A MIR221 MIR17
9 negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration GO:1904753 9.64 MIR34A MIR21
10 positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation GO:0045603 9.64 MIR21 MIR181A2
11 negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process GO:1903427 9.63 MIR21 MIR181A2
12 positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process GO:0010666 9.63 MIR34A MIR17
13 negative regulation of cell adhesion molecule production GO:0060354 9.62 MIR222 MIR221
14 positive regulation of connective tissue replacement GO:1905205 9.62 MIR34A MIR15B
15 positive regulation of axon regeneration GO:0048680 9.61 MIR222 MIR221
16 negative regulation by host of viral genome replication GO:0044828 9.61 MIR222 MIR221
17 negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production GO:1904046 9.61 MIR34A MIR17 MIR15B
18 negative regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation GO:1905064 9.6 MIR221 MIR15B
19 negative regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell GO:1904995 9.59 MIR222 MIR221
20 positive regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity GO:1904685 9.58 MIR21 MIR17
21 negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process GO:1905460 9.58 MIR21 MIR17
22 positive regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:1904707 9.56 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR17
23 positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response GO:1900017 9.5 MIR21 MIR17 H19
24 negative regulation of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway GO:1903122 9.49 MIR222 MIR221
25 negative regulation of superoxide dismutase activity GO:1901670 9.48 MIR21 H19
26 positive regulation of Schwann cell migration GO:1900149 9.46 MIR222 MIR221
27 gene silencing by miRNA GO:0035195 9.44 NEAT1 MIR34A MIR296 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21
28 miRNA mediated inhibition of translation GO:0035278 9.43 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR181A2 MIR17 MIR15B
29 positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration GO:1905046 9.4 MIR222 MIR221
30 negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation GO:1902034 9.37 MIR222 MIR221
31 negative regulation of interleukin-21 production GO:0032705 9.33 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21

Molecular functions related to Glioma according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 mRNA 3'-UTR binding GO:0003730 9.35 MIR34A MIR21 MIR181A2 MIR17 MIR15B
2 mRNA binding involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing GO:1903231 9.28 MIR34A MIR296 MIR222 MIR221 MIR21 MIR181A2
Sources

Sources for Glioma

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
20 GARD
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 05-Mar-2021)
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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