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MCID: GYN001
MIFTS: 47

Gynecomastia

Categories: Endocrine diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Gynecomastia

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Gynecomastia:

Name: Gynecomastia 12 76 29 55 6 15 73

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Endocrine diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 33


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:12698
ICD10 33 N62
MeSH 44 D006177
NCIt 50 C3073
SNOMED-CT 68 4754008
UMLS 73 C0018418
Sources

Summaries for Gynecomastia

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MalaCards based summary : Gynecomastia is related to aromatase excess syndrome and androgen insensitivity, partial. An important gene associated with Gynecomastia is HSD17B3 (Hydroxysteroid 17-Beta Dehydrogenase 3), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway and Signaling by ERBB4. The drugs Bicalutamide and Androgens have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include breast, prostate and liver, and related phenotypes are endocrine/exocrine gland and integument

Wikipedia : 76 Gynecomastia is an endocrine system disorder in which a noncancerous increase in the size of male breast... more...

Sources

Related Diseases for Gynecomastia

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Diseases related to Gynecomastia via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 273)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 aromatase excess syndrome 33.5 CYP19A1 POMC
2 androgen insensitivity, partial 32.3 AR CYP19A1 SHBG
3 androgen insensitivity syndrome 31.5 AR CGA SHBG SRY
4 hypospadias 30.3 AR HSD17B3 SRY
5 pseudohermaphroditism 30.3 AR CYP19A1 HSD17B3 SRY
6 ductal carcinoma in situ 30.2 AR CYP19A1 ESR1 PGR
7 impotence 30.0 KLK3 PRL SHBG
8 hyperprolactinemia 29.9 POMC PRL SHBG
9 testicular cancer 29.9 AR CGA SHBG
10 47, xxy 29.8 AR SHBG
11 hydrocele 29.8 CGA ESR1
12 hyperthyroidism 29.8 CGA PRL SHBG
13 leiomyoma 29.7 CYP19A1 ESR1 PGR
14 breast fibroadenoma 29.7 CYP19A1 ESR1 PGR
15 prostatic hyperplasia, benign 29.6 AR KLK3 SHBG
16 sexual disorder 29.5 KLK3 PRL SHBG
17 varicocele 29.5 CGA PRL SHBG
18 hermaphroditism 29.4 AR CGA SRY
19 osteoporosis 29.4 AR CYP19A1 ESR1 SHBG
20 breast disease 28.6 CYP19A1 ESR1 KLK3 PGR POMC PRL
21 infant gynecomastia 12.4
22 wilson-turner x-linked mental retardation syndrome 12.0
23 17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase iii deficiency 11.9
24 spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, x-linked 1 11.3
25 testicular seminoma 11.3
26 hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 11.3
27 mental retardation-hypotonic facies syndrome, x-linked, 1 11.1
28 borjeson-forssman-lehmann syndrome 11.0
29 46,xx sex reversal 1 11.0
30 alopecia, neurologic defects, and endocrinopathy syndrome 11.0
31 49, xxxyy syndrome 11.0
32 prostate cancer 10.3
33 hypogonadism 10.3
34 vaginitis 10.3 AR ESR1
35 transsexualism 10.2 AR CYP19A1
36 peutz-jeghers syndrome 10.2
37 nodular prostate 10.2 AR KLK3
38 breast cancer 10.2
39 galactorrhea 10.2
40 leydig cell tumor 10.2
41 in situ carcinoma 10.2
42 benign metastasizing leiomyoma 10.2 CYP19A1 PGR
43 corneal abscess 10.2 AR PGR
44 bartholin's gland disease 10.2 AR PGR
45 intracystic papillary adenoma 10.2 PGR PRL
46 vestibular gland benign neoplasm 10.2 ESR1 PGR
47 bartholin's gland adenoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR
48 vulvar syringoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR
49 glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix 10.2 ESR1 PGR
50 lung leiomyoma 10.2 ESR1 PGR

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Gynecomastia:



Diseases related to Gynecomastia
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Gynecomastia

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Gynecomastia:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 9.7 AR CGA CYP19A1 ESR1 PGR POMC
2 integument MP:0010771 9.43 AR CYP19A1 ESR1 PGR POMC PRL
3 neoplasm MP:0002006 9.02 AR ESR1 PGR POMC PRL
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Gynecomastia

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Drugs for Gynecomastia (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 51)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Bicalutamide Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2 90357-06-5 2375 56069
2 Androgens Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
3 Hormones Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
4 Androgen Antagonists Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
5 Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
6 Hormone Antagonists Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2
7
Spironolactone Approved Phase 3,Phase 2 52-01-7, 1952-01-7 5833
8
Tamoxifen Approved Phase 3,Phase 2 10540-29-1 2733526
9
Anastrozole Approved, Investigational Phase 3,Phase 2 120511-73-1 2187
10 Mineralocorticoids Phase 3,Phase 2
11 Diuretics, Potassium Sparing Phase 3,Phase 2
12 diuretics Phase 3,Phase 2
13 Natriuretic Agents Phase 3,Phase 2
14 Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists Phase 3,Phase 2
15 Estrogen Antagonists Phase 3,Phase 2
16 Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors Phase 3,Phase 2
17 Estrogen Receptor Antagonists Phase 3,Phase 2
18 Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal Phase 3,Phase 2
19 Estrogens Phase 3,Phase 2
20 Bone Density Conservation Agents Phase 3,Phase 2
21 Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Phase 3,Phase 2
22 Estrogen Receptor Modulators Phase 3,Phase 2
23 Aromatase Inhibitors Phase 3,Phase 2
24 Calcium, Dietary Phase 3
25
Dutasteride Approved, Investigational Phase 2 164656-23-9 6918296 152945
26
Testolactone Approved, Investigational Phase 2 968-93-4 13769
27
Testosterone Approved, Investigational Phase 2 58-22-0 6013
28
Eplerenone Approved Phase 2 107724-20-9 443872 150310
29 Deslorelin Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 2 57773-65-6
30 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors Phase 2
31
Testosterone enanthate Approved 315-37-7 9416
32
Methyltestosterone Approved 58-18-4 6010
33
Testosterone undecanoate Approved, Investigational 5949-44-0
34
Mecasermin Approved, Investigational 68562-41-4
35
Aripiprazole Approved, Investigational 129722-12-9 60795
36
Dopamine Approved 51-61-6, 62-31-7 681
37
Risperidone Approved, Investigational 106266-06-2 5073
38 Quetiapine Fumarate 111974-72-2
39 Antipsychotic Agents
40 Tranquilizing Agents
41 Psychotropic Drugs
42 Central Nervous System Depressants
43 Testosterone 17 beta-cypionate
44 Anabolic Agents
45 Pharmaceutical Solutions
46 Neurotransmitter Agents
47 Dopamine Antagonists
48 Serotonin Agents
49 Dopamine Agents
50 Serotonin Antagonists

Interventional clinical trials:

(show all 25)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Compare the Value of Prophylactic Versus Therapeutic Breast Radiotherapy in CASODEX Completed NCT00590213 Phase 4 Casodex 150mg
2 (SGB) in Men Treated for Prostate Cancer Improve Hot Flashes Not yet recruiting NCT03796195 Phase 4 .5% Bupivacaine
3 Inhibition of Aldosterone to Reduce Myocardial Diffuse Fibrosis in Patients With Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Preventing Recurrent Episodes of Atrial Fibrillation Unknown status NCT02764619 Phase 3 Spironolactone;Placebo
4 Gynecomastia Extension Study Completed NCT00637182 Phase 3 Anastrozole
5 Two Different Regimens of Nolvadex in Preventing Gynecomastia Induced by Casodex 150 mg in Patients With Prostate Cancer Completed NCT00233610 Phase 3 Bicalutamide;Tamoxifen
6 Prevention of the Progression of Coronary Calcification With Use of Spironolactone in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients Completed NCT03314493 Phase 3 Spironolactone 25Mg Tablet
7 Efficacy and Toxicity of Bicalutamide and Dutasteride vs. Standard Care for Prostate Cytoreduction for Brachytherapy Unknown status NCT00866554 Phase 2 administration of a LHRH agonist and Bicalutamide;administration of Bicalutamide, Dutasteride and Tamoxifen
8 Open Label Arimidex in Gynecomastia Completed NCT00241436 Phase 2 Anastrozole (ARIMIDEXâ„¢)
9 Casodex - Nolvadex Combination Completed NCT00637871 Phase 2 Casodex;Tamoxifen
10 Treatment of Boys With Precocious Puberty Completed NCT00001202 Phase 2 Spironolactone;Testolactone;Deslorelin
11 Essential Oils for Enhancing QOL in ASD Completed NCT02543203 Phase 2
12 Spironolactone for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Recruiting NCT01712620 Phase 2 Spironolactone;Placebo
13 Eplerenone Versus Spironolactone as Treatment of Ascites Due to Liver Cirrhosis; a Study of Efficacy and Side Effects Withdrawn NCT01801228 Phase 2 Eplerenone
14 Targeted Fat Reduction of Pseudogynecomastia in the Male Breast Using the ZELTIQ Coolsculpting System Unknown status NCT01791660 Not Applicable
15 Post-massive Weight Loss Chest Contouring: Inferior Pedicle Technique in Pseudo-gynecomastia Correction Completed NCT03319862
16 Changes in Hyperprolactinemia Secondary to Antipsychotics After Switching to Quetiapine Completed NCT00952757
17 Sperm Production in Kleinfelter Syndrome Patients After Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injection Completed NCT02414295 Not Applicable Mesenchymal stem cell injection
18 Adaptation Among Adolescents and Adults With Klinefelter Syndrome Completed NCT00896272
19 Delayed Puberty in Boys; Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics and Effect of Testosterone Treatment Completed NCT02034487
20 Patient's Management Receiving Eplerenone Therapy Completed NCT01440049
21 European Increlex® (Mecasermin [rDNA Origin] Injection) Growth Forum Database - IGFD Registry Recruiting NCT00903110 Increlex®
22 Long-term Antipsychotic Pediatric Safety Trial (LAPS) Recruiting NCT03522168 Risperidone;Aripiprazole
23 Screening for Primary Aldosteronism in a Population of Patients With Hypertension Recruiting NCT03105531
24 Fertility Assessment in Patients With Klinefelter Syndrome Terminated NCT02461303
25 UltraShape Device for Non-Invasive Fat Reduction in the Male Breast (Pseudogynecomastia) Withdrawn NCT02711605 Not Applicable

Search NIH Clinical Center for Gynecomastia

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 73 / NDF-RT 51 :
Sources

Genetic Tests for Gynecomastia

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Genetic tests related to Gynecomastia:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Gynecomastia 29
Sources

Anatomical Context for Gynecomastia

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Gynecomastia:

41
Breast, Prostate, Liver, Lung, Testis, Skin, Spinal Cord
Sources

Publications for Gynecomastia

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Articles related to Gynecomastia:

(show top 50) (show all 1014)
# Title Authors Year
1
Changing practices: The addition of a novel surgical approach to gynecomastia. ( 29395029 )
2018
2
Discussion on "Gynecomastia Surgery-Impact on Life Quality: A prospective Case-Control Study". ( 29319580 )
2018
3
Statin Medications and the Risk of Gynecomastia. ( 29923212 )
2018
4
Glandular Liposculpture in the Treatment of Gynecomastia. ( 29644418 )
2018
5
Potential case of gynecomastia in mummified remains of an early modern period northern finnish vicar. ( 29664129 )
2018
6
Do Adolescents with Gynecomastia Require Routine Evaluation by Endocrinology? ( 29952889 )
2018
7
Spironolactone-Induced Unilateral Gynecomastia. ( 29552536 )
2018
8
Quantitative CT Assessment of Gynecomastia in the General Population and in Dialysis, Cirrhotic, and Obese Patients. ( 29326049 )
2018
9
Adrenocortical carcinoma characterized by gynecomastia: A case report. ( 29403152 )
2018
10
Closed-Suction Drains After Subcutaneous Mastectomy for Gynecomastia: Do they Reduce Complications? ( 29302730 )
2018
11
Correction of Tuberous Nipple Areolar Complex Deformity in Gynecomastia: The Deformity That Can Get Forgotten. ( 29762454 )
2018
12
Re: False Positive Uptake in Bilateral Gynecomastia on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT Scan. ( 29688944 )
2018
13
Comment to: "Complications and Outcomes After Gynecomastia Surgery: Analysis of 204 Pediatric and 1583 Adult Cases from a National Multi-center Database". ( 29075817 )
2018
14
Efficiency of Imaging Modalities in Male Breast Disease: Can Ultrasound Give Additional Information for Assessment of Gynecomastia Evolution? ( 29322116 )
2018
15
Diagnosis and Management of Gynecomastia for Urologists. ( 29774423 )
2018
16
Bilateral Mastectomy as Radical Treatment of Gynecomastia Secondary to Antiretroviral Therapy in a Low-Income Setting: A Case Report. ( 29752634 )
2018
17
Evaluation of Glandular Liposculpture as a Single Treatment for Grades I and II Gynecomastia. ( 29869229 )
2018
18
Does Prophylactic Radiation Therapy to Avoid Gynecomastia in Patients With Prostate Cancer Increase the Risk of Breast Cancer? ( 29534900 )
2018
19
Bipolar disorder, comorbid anxiety disorders, gynecomastia and dental pain: case analysis with literature review. ( 29971157 )
2018
20
Re: Gynecomastia Surgery-Impact on Life Quality: A Prospective Case-Control Study. ( 29319581 )
2018
21
Clinical Characteristics of Asymmetric Bilateral Gynecomastia: Suggestion of Desirable Surgical Method Based on a Single-Institution Experience. ( 29464386 )
2018
22
Comment to: "Complications and Outcomes After Gynecomastia Surgery: Analysis of 204 Pediatric and 1583 Adult Cases from a National Multi-center Database". ( 29075818 )
2018
23
Is There a Rationale behind Pharmacotherapy in Idiopathic Gynecomastia? ( 29772574 )
2018
24
A Young Male with Bilateral Gynecomastia. ( 29592910 )
2018
25
Gynecomastia after euthyroidism restoration in a patient with type 1 diabetes and Graves' disease. ( 30147887 )
2018
26
Is the transposition of the nipple-areolar complex necessary in Simon grade 2b gynecomastia operations using suction-assisted liposuction? ( 28471290 )
2018
27
Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma in A Man with Gynecomastia: Ultrasonography, Mammography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features with Pathologic Correlation. ( 29774323 )
2018
28
Clinical and Etiological Aspects of Gynecomastia in Adult Males: A Multicenter Study. ( 30003107 )
2018
29
Oxytocin and Gynecomastia: Correlation or Causality? ( 30042912 )
2018
30
Role of tamoxifen in idiopathic gynecomastia: A 10-year prospective cohort study. ( 30079473 )
2018
31
Clinical Characteristics of Asymmetric Bilateral Gynecomastia: Suggestion of Desirable Surgical Method Based on a Single-Institution Experience. ( 30094549 )
2018
32
Two Years of Gynecomastia Caused by Leydig Cell Tumor. ( 30112247 )
2018
33
Single-incision surgery for gynecomastia using TriPort: A case report. ( 30116334 )
2018
34
Atorvastatin-induced gynecomastia in a dyslipidemic patient: A case report. ( 30145234 )
2018
35
Correction of Tuberous Nipple Areolar Complex Deformity in Gynecomastia: The Deformity That Can Get Forgotten. ( 30161048 )
2018
36
Management of gynecomastia-changes in psychological aspects after surgery-a systematic review. ( 30175067 )
2018
37
Defining the Aesthetic Units of the Male Chest and How They Relate to Gynecomastia Based on 635 Patients. ( 30252811 )
2018
38
Discussion: Defining the Aesthetic Units of the Male Chest and How They Relate to Gynecomastia Based on 635 Patients. ( 30252812 )
2018
39
Treatment of Severe Gynecomastia After Massive Weight Loss: Analysis of Long-Term Outcomes Measured with the Italian Version of the BODY-Q. ( 30259165 )
2018
40
The Effect of Surgical Treatment for Gynecomastia on Quality of Life in Adolescents. ( 30279103 )
2018
41
Gynecomastia following isotretinoin treatment: a rare endocrine side effect. ( 30295442 )
2018
42
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and gynecomastia in an HIV-infected child: A case report. ( 30301570 )
2018
43
Impaired dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis in pubertal gynecomastia. ( 30398973 )
2018
44
Evaluation of Glandular Liposculpture as a Single Treatment for Grades I and II Gynecomastia. ( 30483934 )
2018
45
Incidental 18F-NaF Uptake in Drug-Induced Gynecomastia. ( 30516672 )
2018
46
The coexistence of Cushing syndrome and gynecomastia as the manifestations of adrenocortical carcinoma. ( 30527206 )
2018
47
Response to: Comment to "The Characteristics and Short-Term Surgical Outcomes of Adolescent Gynecomastia". ( 28664302 )
2017
48
Discussion: The Characteristics and Short-Term Surgical Outcomes of Adolescent Gynecomastia by B.S. Choi et al. ( 28639067 )
2017
49
Gynecomastia ( 28613563 )
2017
50
Orange Peel Excision of Gland: A Novel Surgical Technique for Treatment of Gynecomastia. ( 28795986 )
2017
Sources

Variations for Gynecomastia

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Gynecomastia:

6
# Gene Variation Type Significance SNP ID Assembly Location
1 KIF4A NM_012310.4(KIF4A): c.1553G> C (p.Arg518Pro) single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs766819113 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 69573536: 69573536
2 KIF4A NM_012310.4(KIF4A): c.1553G> C (p.Arg518Pro) single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs766819113 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 70353686: 70353686
Sources

Expression for Gynecomastia

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Gynecomastia.
Sources

Pathways for Gynecomastia

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Pathways related to Gynecomastia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 12)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway 1
11.84 AR CYP19A1 ESR1
2
Signaling by ERBB4 66
Show member pathways
 11.64 ESR1 PGR PRL
3
Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway 66
Show member pathways
 11.53 AR ESR1 PGR
4
Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network 1
11.46 CGA POMC PRL
5
Regulation of Androgen receptor activity 1
11.13 AR KLK3 SRY
6
Ovarian Infertility Genes 1
11.02 CYP19A1 PGR
7
FOXA1 transcription factor network 1
Show member pathways
 10.99 AR ESR1 KLK3
8
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) signaling pathway 1
10.93 CGA CYP19A1
9
Metabolism of steroid hormones 66
Show member pathways
 10.87 CGA CYP19A1 HSD17B3 POMC
10
Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis 22
10.79 AR CGA CYP19A1
11
Nongenotropic Androgen signaling 1
10.71 AR SHBG
12
Aromatase Inhibitor Pathway (Breast Cell), Pharmacodynamics 61
9.92 CYP19A1 ESR1
Sources

GO Terms for Gynecomastia

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Cellular components related to Gynecomastia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 secretory granule GO:0030141 8.8 KLK3 POMC PRL

Biological processes related to Gynecomastia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 13)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II GO:0045944 9.85 AR CGA ESR1 PGR POMC SRY
2 transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006351 9.7 AR ESR1 PGR
3 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0006367 9.69 AR ESR1 PGR
4 sex differentiation GO:0007548 9.49 AR SRY
5 uterus development GO:0060065 9.48 CYP19A1 ESR1
6 androgen metabolic process GO:0008209 9.46 CYP19A1 ESR1
7 mammary gland alveolus development GO:0060749 9.43 AR ESR1
8 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure GO:0003073 9.4 AR KLK3
9 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway GO:0043401 9.33 AR ESR1 PGR
10 prostate gland growth GO:0060736 9.32 AR CYP19A1
11 testosterone biosynthetic process GO:0061370 9.26 CYP19A1 HSD17B3
12 tertiary branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis GO:0060748 8.96 AR PGR
13 mammary gland development GO:0030879 8.8 CYP19A1 PGR PRL

Molecular functions related to Gynecomastia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 enzyme binding GO:0019899 9.76 AR ESR1 PGR PHF6
2 proximal promoter DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific GO:0001077 9.71 AR ESR1 PGR SRY
3 lipid binding GO:0008289 9.67 AR ESR1 PGR SHBG
4 hormone activity GO:0005179 9.61 CGA POMC PRL
5 ATPase binding GO:0051117 9.5 AR ESR1 PGR
6 steroid hormone receptor activity GO:0003707 9.43 AR ESR1 PGR
7 androgen binding GO:0005497 9.16 AR SHBG
8 nuclear receptor activity GO:0004879 9.13 AR ESR1 PGR
9 steroid binding GO:0005496 8.92 AR ESR1 PGR SHBG
Sources

Sources for Gynecomastia

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet
35 ICD9CM
36 IUPHAR
37 KEGG
38 LifeMap
40 LOVD
42 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
54 NINDS
55 Novoseek
57 OMIM
58 OMIM via Orphanet
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
71 TGDB
72 Tocris
73 UMLS
74 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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