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MCID: HPT019
MIFTS: 59

Hepatic Encephalopathy

Categories: Liver diseases, Mental diseases, Neuronal diseases, Rare diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Hepatic Encephalopathy:

Name: Hepatic Encephalopathy 12 74 20 36 54 15 71
Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy 12
Encephalopathy, Hepatic 20
Hepatoencephalopathy 20

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases Liver diseases Mental diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:13413
KEGG 36 H01506
ICD9CM 34 572.2
MeSH 44 D006501
NCIt 50 C79596
SNOMED-CT 67 197332007
ICD10 32 K72
UMLS 71 C0019151
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Summaries for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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GARD : 20 Hepatic encephalopathy is a syndrome observed in some patients with cirrhosis. It is defined as a spectrum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities in patients with liver dysfunction, when other known brain disease has been excluded. Signs and symptoms may be debilitating, and they can begin mildly and gradually, or occur suddenly and severely. They may include personality or mood changes, intellectual impairment, abnormal movements, a depressed level of consciousness, and other symptoms. There are several theories regarding the exact cause, but development of the condition is probably at least partially due to the effect of substances that are toxic to nerve tissue (neurotoxic), which are typically present with liver damage and/or liver disease. Treatment depends upon the severity of mental status changes and upon the certainty of the diagnosis.

MalaCards based summary : Hepatic Encephalopathy, also known as portal-systemic encephalopathy, is related to hepatic coma and acute liver failure. An important gene associated with Hepatic Encephalopathy is F2 (Coagulation Factor II, Thrombin), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Immune response IL-23 signaling pathway and Circadian entrainment. The drugs Midazolam and Propofol have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include liver, brain and cortex, and related phenotypes are behavior/neurological and homeostasis/metabolism

Disease Ontology : 12 A brain disease that is characterized by loss of brain function, the occurrence of confusion, altered level of consciousness, and coma that results when the liver is unable to remove toxins from the blood.

KEGG : 36 Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a brain dysfunction caused by liver insufficiency or portal systemic shunting. HE most commonly occurs in decompensated liver cirrhosis and incorporates a spectrum of manifestations that ranges from mild cognitive impairment to coma. Although its pathogenesis is not entirely understood, one of the main factors is thought to be ammonia. Apart from hyperammonemia, various other pathogenic mechanisms, such as the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) theory, the benzodiazepine theory, the manganese theory, and the theory of oxidative/nitrosative stress, have been implicated in the development of HE. The pharmacological treatments that are currently used in clinical practice are directed toward reducing the production and absorption of gut-derived ammonia.

Wikipedia : 74 Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an altered level of consciousness as a result of liver failure. Its onset... more...

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Related Diseases for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Diseases related to Hepatic Encephalopathy via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 641)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 hepatic coma 33.1 TSPO GPT F2 ALB
2 acute liver failure 32.2 TSPO SLC17A5 GPT GC F2 ALB
3 hepatorenal syndrome 32.1 IL18 GPT F2 ALB
4 alcoholic liver cirrhosis 31.9 TNF SLC17A5 IL6 GPT F2 ALB
5 liver cirrhosis 31.8 TTR TNF SST SLC17A5 IL6 GPT
6 alcoholic hepatitis 31.6 TNF SLC17A5 IL6 IL18 GPT F2
7 liver disease 31.6 TNF SLC25A13 SLC17A5 IL6 GPT F2
8 varicose veins 31.5 TNF IL6 F2
9 portal hypertension 31.4 TNF SST GPT F2 ALB
10 esophageal varix 31.2 SST GPT F2 ALB
11 peritonitis 31.1 TNF IL6 IL18 F2 ALB
12 brain edema 31.1 SLC25A13 SLC1A2 IL6 HMOX1 GLUL ALB
13 viral hepatitis 30.9 TNF SLC17A5 IL6 GPT F2 ALB
14 fatty liver disease 30.7 TNF SLC25A13 SLC17A5 IL6 GPT
15 sleep disorder 30.7 TNF MAOB IL6 ALB
16 alcohol dependence 30.7 TSPO TNF SLC1A2 SLC17A5 MAOB MAOA
17 active peptic ulcer disease 30.6 SST F2 ALB
18 reye syndrome 30.6 GPT GLUL F2 ALB
19 non-alcoholic steatohepatitis 30.6 TNF IL6 GPT ALB
20 acute kidney failure 30.6 IL18 GPT F2 ALB
21 constipation 30.6 SST S100B NOS1 IL6 GPT ALB
22 cholestasis 30.6 SLC25A13 SLC17A5 GPT F2 ALB
23 meningitis 30.5 TNF IL6 IL18 ALB
24 eclampsia 30.5 TNF F2 ALB
25 hepatitis b 30.4 TNF SLC17A5 IL6 GPT F2 ALB
26 schistosomiasis 30.4 TNF GPT F2 ALB
27 brucellosis 30.4 TNF IL6 IL18
28 brain injury 30.4 S100B IL6 ALB
29 wilson disease 30.4 TNF SLC17A5 IL6 GPT
30 non-a-e hepatitis 30.4 F2 ALB
31 kidney disease 30.4 TTR TNF IL6 IL18 HMOX1 ALB
32 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 30.3 TNF IL6 IL18 HMOX1 GPT ALB
33 anxiety 30.3 TSPO TNF MAOB MAOA IL6
34 substance abuse 30.3 MAOA IL6 GPT ALB
35 hepatitis e 30.3 TNF GPT F2 ALB
36 diarrhea 30.3 TTR TNF SST IL6 GPT ALB
37 autoimmune hepatitis 30.3 TNF SLC17A5 GPT F2 ALB
38 paracetamol poisoning 30.3 GC F2
39 uremia 30.3 TNF IL6 ALB
40 pulmonary edema 30.3 TNF HMOX1 F2
41 pneumocystosis 30.3 TNF IL6 ALB
42 wernicke encephalopathy 30.3 TSPO SLC1A2 ALB
43 pain agnosia 30.2 TNF IL6 ALB
44 agnosia 30.2 TNF IL6 ALB
45 cholecystitis 30.2 GPT F2 ALB
46 appendicitis 30.2 TNF IL6 ALB
47 common cold 30.2 TNF IL6 ALB
48 cellulitis 30.2 TNF IL6 GPT F2 ALB
49 primary biliary cholangitis 30.2 SLC17A5 GPT F2 ALB
50 end stage renal disease 30.2 TTR TNF IL6 ALB

Comorbidity relations with Hepatic Encephalopathy via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN): (show all 23)


Acquired Thrombocytopenia Active Peptic Ulcer Disease
Acute Cystitis Acute Kidney Failure
Alcoholic Hepatitis Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis
Decubitus Ulcer Deficiency Anemia
Encephalopathy Esophageal Varix
Heart Disease Hepatitis
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hepatorenal Syndrome
Hypersplenism Liver Disease
Neutropenia Portal Hypertension
Portal Vein Thrombosis Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Respiratory Failure Schizophreniform Disorder
Urea Cycle Disorder

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:



Diseases related to Hepatic Encephalopathy
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.36 F2 GLS GLUL HMOX1 IL18 IL6
2 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.28 ALB F2 GC GLUL HMOX1 IL18
3 cellular MP:0005384 10.22 ALB F2 GLS GLUL HMOX1 IL18
4 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 10.21 ALB F2 GLS GLUL HMOX1 IL18
5 mortality/aging MP:0010768 10 ALB F2 GLS GLUL HMOX1 IL18
6 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 9.97 ALB F2 IL18 IL6 NOS1 SST
7 liver/biliary system MP:0005370 9.86 ALB GLUL HMOX1 IL6 NOS1 SLC25A13
8 nervous system MP:0003631 9.77 F2 GLS GLUL IL18 IL6 MAOA
9 normal MP:0002873 9.28 ALB F2 GLS GLUL NOS1 S100B
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Drugs for Hepatic Encephalopathy (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 158)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Midazolam Approved, Illicit Phase 4 59467-70-8 4192
2
Propofol Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 2078-54-8 4943
3
Metformin Approved Phase 4 657-24-9 14219 4091
4
Insulin aspart Approved Phase 4 116094-23-6 16132418
5
Histamine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 51-45-6, 75614-87-8 774
6
Diphenhydramine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 147-24-0, 58-73-1 3100
7
Buprenorphine Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 52485-79-7 40400 644073
8
Promethazine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 60-87-7 4927
9
Naloxone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 465-65-6 5284596
10
Carvedilol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 72956-09-3 2585
11
Propranolol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 525-66-6 4946
12
Midodrine Approved Phase 4 42794-76-3, 133163-28-7 4195
13
Ornithine Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4 70-26-8, 3184-13-2 6262
14
Aspartic acid Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4 56-84-8 5960
15
Vitamin A Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 4 68-26-8, 11103-57-4 445354
16
Valine Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4 72-18-4 6287
17 GABA Modulators Phase 4
18 Psychotropic Drugs Phase 4
19 Anesthetics, Intravenous Phase 4
20 Anti-Anxiety Agents Phase 4
21 Anesthetics, General Phase 4
22 Hypoglycemic Agents Phase 4
23 Protective Agents Phase 4
24 Neurotransmitter Agents Phase 4
25 N-Methylaspartate Phase 4
26 Antioxidants Phase 4
27 Vasoconstrictor Agents Phase 4
28 retinol Phase 4
29 Retinol palmitate Phase 4
30 Anesthetics Phase 4
31 Hypnotics and Sedatives Phase 4
32 Vasodilator Agents Phase 4
33 Narcotics Phase 4
34 Histamine Antagonists Phase 4
35 Analgesics, Opioid Phase 4
36
Histamine Phosphate Phase 4 51-74-1 65513
37 Anti-Allergic Agents Phase 4
38 Analgesics Phase 4
39 Histamine H1 Antagonists Phase 4
40 Anesthetics, Local Phase 4
41 Narcotic Antagonists Phase 4
42 Dermatologic Agents Phase 4
43 Antiemetics Phase 4
44 Buprenorphine, Naloxone Drug Combination Phase 4
45 Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists Phase 4
46 Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists Phase 4
47 Anti-Arrhythmia Agents Phase 4
48 Adrenergic Antagonists Phase 4
49 Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Phase 4
50 Antihypertensive Agents Phase 4

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 158)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Secondary Prophylaxis of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis: An Open Label, Randomized Controlled Trial of Lactulose, Probiotics and No-therapy Unknown status NCT01178372 Phase 4 Lactulose;Probiotics(VSL#3)
2 Low-dose Rifaximin in the Treatment of Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Randomized Open Controlled Study Unknown status NCT03077217 Phase 4 Rifaximin
3 Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Effects of Sedation for Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy With Propofol Versus Midazolam on Psychometric Tests and Critical Flicker Frequency in Cirrhotics Unknown status NCT01356121 Phase 4 Propofol;Midazolam
4 Primary Prophylaxis of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Cirrhosis: an Open Labeled Randomized Controlled Trial of Lactulose Versus no Lactulose Unknown status NCT01175538 Phase 4 Lactulose;Lactulose
5 Albumin Infusion Effects in Mortality in Patients With Cirrhosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy Unknown status NCT02401490 Phase 4 Human albumin;Placebo
6 Randomized Trial Comparing The Efficacy of PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) Versus Lactulose For Treatment Of Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Unknown status NCT03100513 Phase 4 Lactulose;Polyethylene Glycol
7 Therapeutic Efficacy of Oral L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate on Liver Cirrhosis and Minimal Encephalopathy: a Single Center Placebo Control Double Blind Study Unknown status NCT00896831 Phase 4 L-ornithine-L-aspartate;placebo
8 Metformin Experience on Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Unknown status NCT02470546 Phase 4 Metformin;Placebo
9 LOLA in Hepatic Encephalopathy Brain Muscle Axis During Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy With L-ornithine L-aspartate A Phase iv Randomised Double Blind Placebo- Controlled Trial Completed NCT01847651 Phase 4 LOLA or placebo
10 Effect of Albumine Infusion in the Prevention of Hepatic Encephalopathy After Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Completed NCT01559519 Phase 4 Albumin
11 The Infusion of L-Ornithine L-aspart is as Effective as Nonabsorbable Disaccharides in the Management of Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy. Completed NCT01041755 Phase 4 L-ornithine-L-aspartate;Lactose
12 Efficacy of Combined Oral L-ornithine-L-aspartate and Oral Lactulose in Patients With Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT00740142 Phase 4 L-ornithine-L-aspartate and lactulose;placebo and lactulose
13 Comparison of Three Different Schemes:Lactulose, L-ornithine L-aspartate, or Rifaximin, Versus Placebo, as Primary Prophylaxis of the Development of Hepatic Encephalopathy After Acute Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhotic Patients Completed NCT02158182 Phase 4 Lactulose;L-ornithine L-aspartate;Rifaximin;Placebo
14 Effect of Lactulose on Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy and Health-Related Quality of Life Completed NCT00375375 Phase 4 Lactulose
15 A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Active-Controlled, Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Rifaximin 550 mg With and Without Lactulose in Subjects With a History of Recurrent Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT01842581 Phase 4 Rifaximin;Lactulose
16 Rifaximin and Its Microbial Resistance as a Secondary Prophylaxis of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With HCV Related Cirrhosis Completed NCT04736836 Phase 4 Rifaximin
17 Effects of the Administration of Albumin in Patients With Cirrhosis and Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy. Completed NCT00886925 Phase 4 Albumin;Sodium chloride 0.9%
18 Effect of the Proteins of the Diet in Patients With Cirrhosis and a Prior Episode of Hepatic Encephalopathy. A Randomized Study Completed NCT00955500 Phase 4
19 Pharmacokinetics of Buprenorphine and Naloxone in Subjects With Mild to Severe Hepatic Impairment (Child-Pugh Classes, A, B, and C), in HCV-Seropositive Subjects, and in Healthy Volunteers Completed NCT01846455 Phase 4 2.0mg Buprenorphine/0.5mg Naloxone;Promethazine
20 Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study on the Effectiveness of Treatment With Beta-blockers to Prevent Decompensation of Cirrhosis With Portal Hypertension Completed NCT01059396 Phase 4 propranolol;carvedilol;placebo
21 Efficacy of Intravenous 'L-ornithine L-aspartate' in Reversal of Overt Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: a Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled Trial Completed NCT01722578 Phase 4 L-ornithine L-aspartate;Placebo
22 A Placebo Controlled Single Centre Double Blind Randomised Trial to Investigate the Efficacy of Rifaximin Versus Placebo in Improving Systemic Inflammation and Neutrophil Malfunction in Patients With Cirrhosis and Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT02019784 Phase 4 Rifaximin-α;Placebo Oral Tablet
23 Midodrine and Albumin for Cirrhotic Patients in the Waiting List for Liver Transplantation Completed NCT00839358 Phase 4 albumin;Midodrine;Placebo
24 Therapeutic Efficacy of Oral PEG3350 Plus Lactulose Versus Lactulose Alone in Patients of Acute on Chronic Liver Failure With Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Single Blind Prospective Randomized Controlled Study Recruiting NCT03987893 Phase 4 PEG-3350 with Electolytes;Lactulose
25 A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial To Evaluate The Efficacy, Safety, And Pharmacokinetics Of Rifaximin 550 Mg In Subjects With Severe Hepatic Impairment And Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Recruiting NCT01846663 Phase 4 Placebo;Rifaximin
26 Prevention of Hepatic Encephalopathy by Administration of Rifaximin and Lactulose in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Undergoing TIPS Placement: a Multi-centre Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial. Recruiting NCT04073290 Phase 4 Rifaximin 550 milligram Oral Tablet [XIFAXAN];Placebo oral tablet;Lactulose 667 milligram/milliliter Oral Solution
27 Effect of Polyethylene Glycol Versus Lactulose on Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis; a Randomized Clinical Trial (PEGHE Trial) Recruiting NCT04436601 Phase 4 Polyethylene Glycols;Lactulose
28 Effects of Intrathoracic Pressure Regulation Therapy in Patients With Elevated Intracranial Pressure Due to Brain Injury or Intracranial Pathology Terminated NCT01824589 Phase 4
29 Quality of Life and Nutritional Improvements in Cirrhotic Patients Following Hepatic Encephalopathy Using Rifaximin. Terminated NCT01842113 Phase 4 Rifaximin;Lactulose;Lactulose Placebo;Rifaximin Placebo
30 Impact of Rifaximin on Liver Fibrosis in HIV-Infected Patients With Liver Disease Withdrawn NCT01654939 Phase 4 Rifaximin
31 A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Trial Comparing Nitazoxanide Plus Lactulose With Lactulose Alone Treatment of Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Unknown status NCT02464124 Phase 2, Phase 3 Nitazoxanide;Lactulose
32 Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Pre-hepatic Portal Hypertension Due to Portal Vein Thrombosis in Childhood and Young Adult: epidemiOlogical Study and Pilot Interventional Study. Unknown status NCT01798329 Phase 3
33 Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial of Lactulose for the Prevention of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhotic Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Unknown status NCT00553423 Phase 3 Lactulose;Placebo
34 13C-Methacetin Breath Test for the Prediction of Outcome in in Acute Liver Injury or Acute Liver Failure Completed NCT02786836 Phase 2, Phase 3 13C-Methacetin
35 A Multi-center Study of the Safety and Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine in the Treatment of Acute Liver Failure in Pediatric Patients Not Caused by Acetaminophen. Completed NCT00248625 Phase 3 N-acetylcysteine;Placebo
36 Efficacy of a Three Days' Infusion of L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate as an Adjuvant Therapy in Cirrhotic Patients With Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Placebo Controlled Study Completed NCT00433368 Phase 3 L-Ornithine L-Aspartate
37 Secondary Prophylaxis of Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Double Blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Study With Supplementation With a Probiotic Preparation Completed NCT01110447 Phase 2, Phase 3 VSL#3
38 A Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Rifaximin 550 mg BID For 6 Months In Preventing Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT00298038 Phase 3 Rifaximin;Placebo
39 A Multi-Center, Open-Label Trial to Evaluate the Long-Term Safety and Tolerability of Rifaximin 550 mg BID in Subjects With a History of Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT00686920 Phase 3 Rifaximin
40 Effects of Tolvaptan on Cognitive Function, Brain Metabolism and Quality of Life in Hyponatremic Cirrhotics With Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Prospective Clinical Trial Completed NCT01556646 Phase 3 Tolvaptan
41 Health Related Quality of Life in Patient With Chronic Liver Disease and Effect of Probiotics in the Treatment of MHE and Health Related Quality of Life Completed NCT01008293 Phase 2, Phase 3 VSL#3;Lactulose
42 Acetyl-L-Carnitine Reduces Perceived Work Stress and Improves Work Ability and Work Performance in Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT02173132 Phase 3 Acetyl-L-carnitine
43 Clinical Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Nitazoxanide in Preventing Recurrence of Hepatic Encephalopathy Recruiting NCT04161053 Phase 3 Rifaximin;Nitazoxanide
44 Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of Rifaximin on Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy With Underlying Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Gastrointestinal Dysmotility in Liver Cirrhosis Patients Not yet recruiting NCT04244877 Phase 3 Rifaximin
45 A Randomized, Open-Label, Multicenter, Controlled Study to Assess Safety and Efficacy of ELAD® in Subjects With Severe Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis (sAAH) and Lille Score Failure Terminated NCT01829347 Phase 3
46 RICE Trial: Rifaximin In Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy - A Randomized, Controlled Trial Terminated NCT00364689 Phase 3 Rifaximin;Lactulose
47 A Randomized Comparison of Rifaximin Versus Lactulose in Hospitalized Cirrhotic Patients With Renal Failure Withdrawn NCT02086825 Phase 3 Rifaximin;Lactulose
48 A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of MNK6105 (an Intravenous Formulation of L-Ornithine Phenylacetate) in Hospitalized Patients With Cirrhosis and Hyperammonemia Associated With an Episode of Hepatic Encephalopathy Withdrawn NCT04128462 Phase 3 MNK-6105;Placebo;Standard of Care
49 The Role of Bacterial Overgrowth and Delayed Intestinal Transit in Hepatic Encephalopathy. Phase A: Breath Testing and Colonic Transit in Hepatic Encephalopathy. Phase B: A Randomized Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial of Rifaximin for Hepatic Encephalopathy Unknown status NCT00281502 Phase 2 Rifaximin (drug)
50 Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System (MARS®) for the Treatment of Patients With Hypoxic Hepatitis - a Prospective Randomized Controlled Clinical Study Unknown status NCT01690845 Phase 2

Search NIH Clinical Center for Hepatic Encephalopathy

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 71 / NDF-RT 51 :


Kanamycin Sulfate
Lactulose
NEOMYCIN SO4 PWDR
Sources

Genetic Tests for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Anatomical Context for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:

40
Liver, Brain, Cortex, Kidney, Cerebellum, Colon, Globus Pallidus
Sources

Publications for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Articles related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:

(show top 50) (show all 8375)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Outcome of patients with primary hepatic venous obstruction treated with anticoagulants alone. 54 61
20373079 2010
2
Conventional diet therapy for hyperammonemia is risky in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy associated with citrin deficiency. 54 61
20118603 2010
3
[A simple scoring system to evaluate the severity of acute-on-chronic liver failure in hepatitis B]. 54 61
20193566 2009
4
[Analysis of prognostic factors for patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure]. 54 61
19719920 2009
5
Retrospective study of the clinical profile and prognostic indicators in patients of alcoholic liver disease admitted to a tertiary care teaching hospital in Western Nepal. 61 54
19636178 2009
6
[Anemia in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis: prevalence, clinical relevance and predictive factors]. 61 54
19663083 2009
7
Natural endogenous ligands for benzodiazepine receptors in hepatic encephalopathy. 61 54
19082698 2009
8
Clinical features and predictors of outcome in acute hepatitis A and hepatitis E virus hepatitis on cirrhosis. 54 61
19267864 2009
9
Albumin dialysis improves hepatic encephalopathy and decreases circulating phenolic aromatic amino acids in patients with alcoholic hepatitis and severe liver failure. 61 54
19175915 2009
10
[Clinical outcomes and predictive factors of spontaneous survival in patients with fulminant hepatitis A]. 61 54
19119242 2008
11
In-hospital mortality in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a new predictive model. 54 61
18941414 2008
12
Albumin dialysis has a favorable effect on amino acid profile in hepatic encephalopathy. 61 54
18773287 2008
13
[Natural history of primary biliary cirrhosis]. 54 61
18928750 2008
14
Which is the best way to analyze the efficacy of albumin dialysis in hepatic encephalopathy? 54 61
18666248 2008
15
Gc-globulin in liver disease. 54 61
19232164 2008
16
Adjuvant therapeutic plasma exchange in liver failure: assessments of clinical and laboratory parameters. 61 54
18344887 2008
17
Prognostic factors for chronic severe hepatitis and construction of a prognostic model. 61 54
18234637 2008
18
Acute liver failure in Lithuania. 61 54
18695350 2008
19
Randomized controlled study of extracorporeal albumin dialysis for hepatic encephalopathy in advanced cirrhosis. 54 61
17975845 2007
20
Aquaporin-4 in hepatic encephalopathy. 61 54
17879149 2007
21
[Analysis of survival rate and risk factors of liver retransplantation]. 54 61
18005577 2007
22
Drug insight: the role of albumin in the management of chronic liver disease. 54 61
17203088 2007
23
Liver support systems. 61 54
17464150 2007
24
Molecular adsorbent recirculating system dialysis in patients with acute liver failure who are assessed for liver transplantation. 54 61
16941171 2006
25
Peripheral benzodiazepine receptors in the brain of cirrhosis patients with manifest hepatic encephalopathy. 54 61
16550382 2006
26
[Observation on hybrid bioartificial liver support systems in treating chronic severe hepatitis: a study of 60 cases]. 61 54
16556417 2006
27
Prediction of hepatic encephalopathy development in patients with severe acute hepatitis. 61 54
16534681 2006
28
Role of endogenous benzodiazepine ligands and their GABA-A--associated receptors in hepatic encephalopathy. 61 54
16382352 2005
29
Role of phosphate-activated glutaminase in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. 61 54
16382342 2005
30
[Preliminary study on the effects of an artificial liver support system in the treatment of medicamentous liver insufficiency]. 54 61
16313729 2005
31
[Analysis of prognostic factors of and to establish a predictive model for patients with chronic severe hepatitis]. 54 61
16248942 2005
32
Renal function after orthotopic liver transplantation is predicted by duration of pretransplantation creatinine elevation. 54 61
16123966 2005
33
Successful treatment of an adult with Amanita phalloides-induced fulminant liver failure with molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS). 54 61
16200238 2005
34
Determinants of early mortality and benefits of lamivudine therapy in patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated liver cirrhosis. 61 54
15985009 2005
35
Etiology, outcome and prognostic indicators of childhood fulminant hepatic failure in the United kingdom. 61 54
15861019 2005
36
[Analysis on prognostic factors of liver failure in children]. 61 54
16201463 2005
37
The impact of total plasma exchange on early allograft dysfunction. 54 61
15621091 2004
38
Clinical and laboratory features of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. 54 61
15626058 2004
39
Intestinal glutaminase activity is increased in liver cirrhosis and correlates with minimal hepatic encephalopathy. 61 54
15246207 2004
40
Reversal of diuretic-induced hepatic encephalopathy with infusion of albumin but not colloid. 61 54
14678008 2004
41
Benzodiazepine receptor antagonists for hepatic encephalopathy. 61 54
15106178 2004
42
Clinical significance and prediction factors of gastric varices in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 54 61
14571795 2003
43
Low serum total thyroxine and free triiodothyronine in patients with hepatic encephalopathy due to non-alcoholic cirrhosis. 54 61
12811678 2003
44
A cohort study of the incidence of serious acute liver injury in diabetic patients treated with hypoglycemic agents. 54 61
12639207 2003
45
Renal impairment after spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: incidence and prognosis. 54 61
12677269 2003
46
Discriminant function for prognostic indexes and probability of death in chronic severe hepatitis B. 61 54
14564632 2003
47
Successful use of Molecular Absorbent Regenerating System (MARS) dialysis for the treatment of fulminant hepatic failure in children accidentally poisoned by toxic mushroom ingestion. 61 54
12950957 2003
48
Region selective alterations of soluble guanylate cyclase content and modulation in brain of cirrhotic patients. 54 61
12395325 2002
49
Glutamine synthetase in brain: effect of ammonia. 61 54
12020613 2002
50
Treatment of liver failure in rats with end-stage cirrhosis by transplantation of immortalized hepatocytes. 61 54
12143047 2002
Sources

Variations for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Expression for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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LifeMap Discovery
Genes differentially expressed in tissues of Hepatic Encephalopathy patients vs. healthy controls: 35
# Gene Description Tissue Up/Dn Fold Change (log2) P value
1 PSPH phosphoserine phosphatase Brain - 4.35 0.000
Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Hepatic Encephalopathy.
Sources

Pathways for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Pathways related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 22)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Immune response IL-23 signaling pathway 23
Show member pathways
 12.43 TNF NOS1 IL6 IL18 F2
2
Circadian entrainment 36
Show member pathways
 12.41 SLC1A2 NOS1 MAOB MAOA GLUL GLS
3
Folate Metabolism 1
Show member pathways
 12.23 TNF IL6 F2 ALB
4
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways 1
12.05 TNF SST MAOA IL6
5
Th1 Differentiation Pathway 64
Show member pathways
 11.66 TNF IL6 IL18
6
Lung fibrosis 1
11.56 TNF IL6 HMOX1
7
Arginine and proline metabolism 36
Show member pathways
 11.52 NOS1 MAOB MAOA
8
Legionellosis 36
11.5 TNF IL6 IL18
9
Malaria 36
11.43 TNF IL6 IL18
10
Interleukin-10 signaling 65
11.41 TNF IL6 IL18
11
Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling 65
11.41 TNF MAOA IL6 IL18 HMOX1
12
FOXA2 and FOXA3 transcription factor networks 1
11.34 TTR F2 ALB
13
Monoamine Transport 1
Show member pathways
 11.32 TNF NOS1 MAOA
14
Amino acid synthesis and interconversion (transamination) 65
Show member pathways
 11.28 GPT GLUL GLS
15
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) 1
11.21 TNF SLC1A2 NOS1
16
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism 36
11.18 GPT GLUL GLS
17
African trypanosomiasis 36
11.15 TNF IL6 IL18
18
IL-10 Pathway 63
11.09 TNF IL6 HMOX1
19
Development and heterogeneity of the ILC family 1
11 TNF IL6 IL18
20
Overview of nanoparticle effects 1
10.61 TNF IL6 HMOX1
21
Neurotransmitter uptake and Metabolism In Glial Cells 65
Show member pathways
 10.49 SLC1A2 GLUL
22
Arginine biosynthesis 36
Show member pathways
 10.36 NOS1 GPT GLUL GLS
Sources

GO Terms for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Cellular components related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.36 TTR TNF SST S100B IL6 IL18

Biological processes related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 16)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cellular protein metabolic process GO:0044267 9.85 TTR IL6 F2 ALB
2 response to drug GO:0042493 9.8 TSPO SST SLC1A2 MAOB HMOX1
3 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0019221 9.77 TNF MAOA IL6 IL18 HMOX1
4 positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0042531 9.71 TNF IL6 IL18
5 cellular amino acid biosynthetic process GO:0008652 9.63 GPT GLUL GLS
6 positive regulation of chemokine production GO:0032722 9.61 TNF IL6 HMOX1
7 neurotransmitter catabolic process GO:0042135 9.56 MAOB MAOA
8 dopamine catabolic process GO:0042420 9.52 MAOB MAOA
9 negative regulation of lipid storage GO:0010888 9.51 TNF IL6
10 positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade GO:0046427 9.5 TNF IL6 F2
11 L-aspartate transmembrane transport GO:0070778 9.49 SLC25A13 SLC1A2
12 vascular endothelial growth factor production GO:0010573 9.48 TNF IL6
13 transport GO:0006810 9.43 SLC25A13 GC ALB
14 positive regulation of glial cell proliferation GO:0060252 9.33 TSPO TNF IL6
15 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0048661 9.26 TNF IL6 IL18 HMOX1
16 positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response GO:0150078 8.8 TNF IL6 IL18

Molecular functions related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 identical protein binding GO:0042802 9.56 TTR TNF SLC25A13 S100B MAOB HMOX1
2 primary amine oxidase activity GO:0008131 8.62 MAOB MAOA
Sources

Sources for Hepatic Encephalopathy

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
20 GARD
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 05-Mar-2021)
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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