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MCID: HPT019
MIFTS: 60

Hepatic Encephalopathy

Categories: Liver diseases, Mental diseases, Neuronal diseases, Rare diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Hepatic Encephalopathy:

Name: Hepatic Encephalopathy 12 77 54 38 56 15 74
Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy 12
Encephalopathy, Hepatic 54
Hepatoencephalopathy 54

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases Liver diseases Mental diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 34


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:13413
KEGG 38 H01506
ICD9CM 36 572.2
MeSH 45 D006501
NCIt 51 C79596
SNOMED-CT 69 13920009
ICD10 34 K72
UMLS 74 C0019151
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Summaries for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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NIH Rare Diseases : 54 Hepatic encephalopathy is a syndrome observed in some patients with cirrhosis. It is defined as a spectrum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities in patients with liver dysfunction, when other known brain disease has been excluded. Signs and symptoms may be debilitating, and they can begin mildly and gradually, or occur suddenly and severely. They may include personality or mood changes, intellectual impairment, abnormal movements, a depressed level of consciousness, and other symptoms. There are several theories regarding the exact cause, but development of the condition is probably at least partially due to the effect of substances that are toxic to nerve tissue (neurotoxic), which are typically present with liver damage and/or liver disease. Treatment depends upon the severity of mental status changes and upon the certainty of the diagnosis.

MalaCards based summary : Hepatic Encephalopathy, also known as portal-systemic encephalopathy, is related to hepatic coma and alcoholic liver cirrhosis. An important gene associated with Hepatic Encephalopathy is TSPO (Translocator Protein), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Circadian entrainment and Immune response IL-23 signaling pathway. The drugs Rifaximin and Metformin have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include liver, brain and testes, and related phenotypes are behavior/neurological and homeostasis/metabolism

Disease Ontology : 12 A brain disease that is characterized by loss of brain function, the occurrence of confusion, altered level of consciousness, and coma that results when the liver is unable to remove toxins from the blood.

Wikipedia : 77 Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an altered level of consciousness as a result of liver failure. Onset may... more...

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Related Diseases for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Diseases related to Hepatic Encephalopathy via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 249)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 hepatic coma 33.0 ALB F2 GPT TSPO
2 alcoholic liver cirrhosis 32.6 ALB F2 SLC17A5
3 liver cirrhosis 32.4 ALB F2 GPT SLC17A5
4 alcoholic hepatitis 31.6 ALB F2 GPT IL6 SLC17A5 TNF
5 acute liver failure 31.4 ALB F2 GC GPT SLC17A5 TSPO
6 infantile liver failure syndrome 1 30.8 ALB F2 GPT SLC17A5
7 hepatitis 30.5 F2 GPT SLC17A5 TNF
8 portal hypertension 30.4 ALB F2 GPT TNF
9 peritonitis 30.2 ALB F2 IL6 TNF
10 wilson disease 30.2 ALB F2 GPT
11 brain edema 30.0 ALB GLUL IL6 SLC1A2 SLC25A13
12 meningitis 30.0 ALB IL6 TNF
13 end stage renal failure 29.9 ALB IL6 TNF
14 schistosomiasis 29.9 ALB F2 TNF
15 liver disease 29.9 ALB F2 GPT IL6 SLC17A5 SLC25A13
16 hepatitis b 29.8 ALB F2 GPT SLC17A5 TNF
17 fatty liver disease 29.7 IL6 SLC17A5 TNF
18 hepatitis e 29.5 ALB F2 GPT TNF
19 viral hepatitis 29.5 ALB F2 GPT SLC17A5 TNF
20 diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent 29.4 ALB GPT IL6 SLC17A5 TNF
21 psychotic disorder 29.0 MAOB NOS1 S100B
22 infections, recurrent, with encephalopathy, hepatic dysfunction, and cardiovascular malformations 12.5
23 combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 1 12.0
24 encephalopathy 11.4
25 congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt 11.4
26 3-hydroxyacyl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency 11.1
27 hepatic veno-occlusive disease 11.0
28 hepatorenal syndrome 11.0
29 antipyrine metabolism 10.4 ALB F2
30 non-a-e hepatitis 10.4 ALB F2
31 leukomalacia 10.4 IL6 TNF
32 scorpion envenomation 10.4 IL6 TNF
33 epstein-barr virus hepatitis 10.4 ALB F2
34 fournier gangrene 10.4 ALB F2
35 angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia 10.4 IL6 TNF
36 autoimmune myocarditis 10.4 IL6 TNF
37 critical limb ischemia 10.4 IL6 TNF
38 sudden sensorineural hearing loss 10.3 F2 IL6
39 abdominal tuberculosis 10.3 ALB F2
40 streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome 10.3 IL6 TNF
41 juvenile ankylosing spondylitis 10.3 IL6 TNF
42 cardiogenic shock 10.3 IL6 TNF
43 marburg hemorrhagic fever 10.3 F2 TNF
44 atypical depressive disorder 10.3 MAOA MAOB
45 burns 10.3 ALB TNF
46 null-cell leukemia 10.3 IL6 TNF
47 hypersensitivity reaction type iii disease 10.3 ALB IL6 TNF
48 keratoconjunctivitis sicca 10.3 ALB IL6 TNF
49 hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome 10.3 ALB IL6 TNF
50 retinitis pigmentosa 55 10.3 IL6 TNF

Comorbidity relations with Hepatic Encephalopathy via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN): (show all 26)


Acquired Thrombocytopenia Active Peptic Ulcer Disease
Acute Cystitis Acute Kidney Failure
Alcohol Abuse Alcoholic Hepatitis
Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis Chronic Kidney Failure
Decubitus Ulcer Deficiency Anemia
Encephalopathy Esophageal Varix
Heart Disease Hepatitis
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hepatorenal Syndrome
Hypersplenism Liver Disease
Neutropenia Portal Hypertension
Portal Vein Thrombosis Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Protein-Energy Malnutrition Respiratory Failure
Schizophreniform Disorder Urea Cycle Disorder

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:



Diseases related to Hepatic Encephalopathy
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:

47
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.18 F2 GLS GLUL IL6 MAOA MAOB
2 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.17 ALB F2 GC GLUL IL6 MAOA
3 mortality/aging MP:0010768 9.9 ALB F2 GLS GLUL IL6 NOS1
4 liver/biliary system MP:0005370 9.8 ALB GLUL IL6 NOS1 SLC25A13 TNF
5 nervous system MP:0003631 9.65 F2 GLUL IL6 MAOA MAOB NOS1
6 normal MP:0002873 9.23 ALB F2 GLS GLUL NOS1 S100B
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Drugs for Hepatic Encephalopathy (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 290)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Rifaximin Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 80621-81-4 46783403 6436173
2
Metformin Approved Phase 4 657-24-9 14219 4091
3
Lactulose Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 4618-18-2 11333
4
Midazolam Approved, Illicit Phase 4,Not Applicable 59467-70-8 4192
5
Propofol Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4,Not Applicable 2078-54-8 4943
6
Magnesium oxide Approved Phase 4 1309-48-4 14792
7
Simvastatin Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3 79902-63-9 54454
8
Nadolol Approved Phase 4,Phase 3 42200-33-9 39147
9
Carvedilol Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable 72956-09-3 2585
10
Propranolol Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Not Applicable 525-66-6 4946
11
Entecavir Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 142217-69-4 153941
12
Norfloxacin Approved Phase 4,Phase 3 70458-96-7 4539
13
Insulin Aspart Approved Phase 4 116094-23-6 16132418
14
Midodrine Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable 133163-28-7, 42794-76-3 4195
15
Ciprofloxacin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 85721-33-1 2764
16
Promethazine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable 60-87-7 4927
17
Naloxone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 465-65-6 5284596
18
Histamine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 51-45-6 774
19
Buprenorphine Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 52485-79-7 644073 40400
20
Diphenhydramine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable 147-24-0, 58-73-1 3100
21
Mannitol Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable 69-65-8 6251 453
22
Terlipressin Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable 14636-12-5 72081
23
Tenofovir Approved, Experimental, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Not Applicable 147127-20-6 464205
24
Tolvaptan Approved Phase 4,Phase 3 150683-30-0 216237
25
Tranexamic Acid Approved Phase 4 1197-18-8 5526
26
chenodeoxycholic acid Approved Phase 4,Phase 3 474-25-9 10133
27
Ornithine Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 70-26-8, 3184-13-2 6262
28
Calcium Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4,Not Applicable 7440-70-2 271
29
Isoleucine Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Phase 4 73-32-5, 443-79-8 6306
30
Vitamin A Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 4 68-26-8, 22737-96-8, 11103-57-4 9904001 445354
31 Anti-Bacterial Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
32 Gastrointestinal Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
33 Anti-Infective Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
34 Liver Extracts Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
35 Hypoglycemic Agents Phase 4
36 Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable
37 Excitatory Amino Acids Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable
38 Neurotransmitter Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
39 Aspartic Acid Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable
40 N-Methylaspartate Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable
41 Anesthetics, Intravenous Phase 4,Not Applicable
42 Anesthetics Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
43 Hypnotics and Sedatives Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable
44 Adjuvants, Anesthesia Phase 4,Not Applicable
45 GABA Agents Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable
46 GABA Modulators Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable
47 Anesthetics, General Phase 4,Not Applicable
48 Anti-Anxiety Agents Phase 4,Not Applicable
49 Tranquilizing Agents Phase 4,Not Applicable
50 Central Nervous System Depressants Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 323)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Low-dose Rifaximin in the Treatment of Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy Unknown status NCT03077217 Phase 4 Rifaximin
2 Metformin Experience on Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy Unknown status NCT02470546 Phase 4 Metformin;Placebo
3 Primary Prophylaxis of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Cirrhosis Unknown status NCT01175538 Phase 4 Lactulose;Lactulose
4 Secondary Prophylaxis of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis Unknown status NCT01178372 Phase 4 Lactulose;Probiotics(VSL#3)
5 Efficacy of Combined Oral L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate and Lactulose in Patients With Hepatic Encephalopathy Unknown status NCT00740142 Phase 4 L-ornithine-L-aspartate and lactulose;placebo and lactulose
6 Trial Comparing Sedation for Endoscopy With Propofol Versus Midazolam in Cirrhotics Unknown status NCT01356121 Phase 4 Propofol;Midazolam
7 Therapeutic Efficacy of Oral L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate on Minimal Encephalopathy Unknown status NCT00896831 Phase 4 L-ornithine-L-aspartate;placebo
8 Rifaximin Versus Lactulose in Renal Failure Unknown status NCT00748904 Phase 4 Rifaximin;Lactulose
9 Magnesium in Liver Cirrhosis Unknown status NCT01894867 Phase 4
10 Study About Simvastatin in Portal Hypertension in Compensated Cirrhosis Unknown status NCT01282398 Phase 4 Simvastatin;placebo
11 Assessment of Coagulation Abnormalities in Acute on Chronic Liver Failure Patients Using Thromboelastography Unknown status NCT02757170 Phase 4
12 Hemodynamic Effect of Simvastatin With Beta Blockers in Clinical Portal Hypertension Unknown status NCT01282385 Phase 4 Simvastatin;placebo
13 The Effect of Carvedilol VS Endoscopic Therapy in Primary Prophylaxis of High-risk Esophageal Gastric Variceal Bleeding Unknown status NCT02695732 Phase 4 Carvedilol
14 The Effect of Carvedilol Vs Propranolol in Cirrhotic Patients With Variceal Bleeding Unknown status NCT02385422 Phase 4 Carvedilol;Propranolol
15 The Effect of Branched-chain Amino Acid on the Improvement of Serum Albumin Level in Cirrhotic Patients With Ascites Unknown status NCT02755701 Phase 4 Branched-chain Amino Acid;Placebo
16 Lactulose, L-ornithine L-aspartate, or Rifaximin Versus Placebo for Preventing Hepatic Encephalopathy in Variceal Bleeding Completed NCT02158182 Phase 4 Lactulose;L-ornithine L-aspartate;Rifaximin;Placebo
17 Post Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (Tips) Albumine Infusion to Prevent Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT01559519 Phase 4 Albumin
18 Effects of Proteins in Patients With Cirrhosis and Prior Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT00955500 Phase 4
19 Brain Muscle Axis During Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy With L-ornithine L-aspartate Completed NCT01847651 Phase 4 LOLA or placebo
20 Efficacy of L-Ornithine L-Aspartate in Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy. Completed NCT01041755 Phase 4 L-ornithine-L-aspartate;Lactose
21 Effect of Lactulose on Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy and Health-Related Quality of Life Completed NCT00375375 Phase 4 Lactulose
22 L-ornithine L-aspartate in Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT01722578 Phase 4 L-ornithine L-aspartate;Placebo
23 Randomised Controlled Trial of Mechanistic Effects of Rifaximin in Cirrhosis and Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT02019784 Phase 4 Rifaximin-α;Placebo Oral Tablet
24 Efficacy of Albumin for Acute Encephalopathy in Patients With Cirrhosis Completed NCT00886925 Phase 4 Albumin;Sodium chloride 0.9%
25 The Safety/Efficacy Of Rifaximin With/Without Lactulose In Subjects With A History Of Recurrent Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT01842581 Phase 4 Rifaximin;Rifaximin and Lactulose
26 Branched Chain Aminoacid Supplementation in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Completed NCT02023229 Phase 4
27 Effect of Midodrine and Albumine in the Prevention of Complications in Cirrhotic Patients Awaiting Liver Transplantation Completed NCT00839358 Phase 4 albumin;Midodrine;Placebo
28 Study on B-blockers to Prevent Decompensation of Cirrhosis With HTPortal Completed NCT01059396 Phase 4 propranolol;carvedilol;placebo
29 Ramelteon for Treatment of Insomnia in Cirrhosis Completed NCT03091738 Phase 4 Ramelteon Pill
30 Optimized Treatment and Regression of HBV-induced Compensated Liver Cirrhosis Completed NCT01943617 Phase 4 Entecavir;Thymosin-α
31 Norfloxacin Versus Ciprofloxacin for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) Prevention Completed NCT01542801 Phase 4 Norfloxacin;ciprofloxacin
32 Single Dose Pharmacokinetics of Suboxone Study in Hepatic Impaired Subjects Completed NCT01846455 Phase 4 2.0mg Buprenorphine/0.5mg Naloxone;Promethazine
33 Efficacy, Safety, And Pharmacokinetics Of Rifaximin In Subjects With Severe Hepatic Impairment And Hepatic Encephalopathy Recruiting NCT01846663 Phase 4 Placebo;Rifaximin
34 PEG (Polyethylene Glycol)Versus Lactulose For Treatment Of Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Recruiting NCT03100513 Phase 4 Lactulose;Polyethylene Glycol
35 Albumin Infusion Effects in Mortality in Patients With Cirrhosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy Recruiting NCT02401490 Phase 4 Human albumin;Placebo
36 Efficacity and Safety of Tranexamic Acid in Cirrhotic Patients Presenting With Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Recruiting NCT03023189 Phase 4 Tranexamic acid;Placebo
37 Phase 4 Study of Obeticholic Acid Evaluating Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis Recruiting NCT02308111 Phase 4 Obeticholic Acid (OCA);Placebo
38 Effect of Entecavir Treatment on Regression and Disease Outcome in HBV-induced Liver Fibrosis and Cirrhosis Patients Recruiting NCT02849132 Phase 4 Entecavir
39 Rifaximin Reduces the Complications of Decompensated Cirrhosis: a Randomized Controlled Trial Recruiting NCT02190357 Phase 4 Rifaximin
40 Study of OCA Evaluating Pharmacokinetics and Safety in Patients With PBC and Hepatic Impairment Recruiting NCT03633227 Phase 4 Obeticholic Acid (OCA);Placebo
41 Sarcopenia Improves the Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength of Patients With Liver Cirrhosis-Child C Recruiting NCT03633279 Phase 4 Branched chain amino acid;Placebo
42 Efficacy of Terlipressin Therapy in Acute Variceal Haemorrhage After EVL Recruiting NCT03584087 Phase 4 Normal Saline;Terlipressin
43 Prompt Or Watchful Monitoring for Hepatitis B Virus Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Without Elevated viRal Load Not yet recruiting NCT02308319 Phase 4 Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
44 Beta-blockers for Oesophageal Varices Not yet recruiting NCT03776955 Phase 4 Carvedilol
45 Quality of Life and Nutritional Improvements in Cirrhotic Patients Terminated NCT01842113 Phase 4 Rifaximin;Lactulose;Lactulose Placebo;Rifaximin Placebo
46 Tolvaptan to Reduce Length of Stay in Hospitalized Patients With Cirrhosis and Hyponatremia Terminated NCT01890694 Phase 4 Tolvaptan;Placebo
47 Effect of Intrathoracic Pressure Regulation on Traumatic Brain Injury Terminated NCT01824589 Phase 4
48 Impact of an Antibiotic (Rifaximin) on Liver Scarring in HIV-Infected Patients With Liver Disease Withdrawn NCT01654939 Phase 4 Rifaximin
49 ETOS: Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Childhood and Young Adult: epidemiOlogical Study and Pilot Interventional Study Unknown status NCT01798329 Phase 3
50 RICE Trial: Rifaximin In Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy - A Randomized, Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT00364689 Phase 3 Rifaximin alone, Rifaximin combined with Lactulose

Search NIH Clinical Center for Hepatic Encephalopathy

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 74 / NDF-RT 52 :
Sources

Genetic Tests for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Anatomical Context for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:

42
Liver, Brain, Testes, Cortex, Colon, Bone, Kidney
Sources

Publications for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Articles related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:

(show top 50) (show all 3012)
# Title Authors Year
1
Elevated circulating TGFβ1 during acute liver failure activates TGFβR2 on cortical neurons and exacerbates neuroinflammation and hepatic encephalopathy in mice. ( 30940161 )
2019
2
Hepatic Encephalopathy in Children with Acute Liver Failure - Utility of Serum Neuromarkers. ( 31058776 )
2019
3
Neurological Complications Occurring After Liver Transplantation: Role of Risk Factors, Hepatic Encephalopathy, and Acute (on Chronic) Brain Injury. ( 30697911 )
2019
4
Targets to improve quality of care for patients with hepatic encephalopathy: data from a multi-centre cohort. ( 31032966 )
2019
5
Altered cognitive control network is related to psychometric and biochemical profiles in covert hepatic encephalopathy. ( 31036843 )
2019
6
Concise Commentary: Staying True to Type-The Increasing Inpatient Burden of Hepatic Encephalopathy. ( 31037592 )
2019
7
Fecal Microbial Transplant Capsules are Safe in Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Phase 1, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. ( 31038755 )
2019
8
Muscle alterations are associated with minimal and overt hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis. ( 31038758 )
2019
9
Cognitive impairment after liver transplantation: residual hepatic encephalopathy or posttransplant encephalopathy? ( 31040728 )
2019
10
A validated risk model for prediction of early readmission in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. ( 31047848 )
2019
11
Serial assessment of hepatic encephalopathy in patients hospitalised for acute decompensation of cirrhosis. ( 31053543 )
2019
12
Impact of sustained viral response in the evolution of minimal hepatic encephalopathy: A prospective pilot study. ( 31054981 )
2019
13
A hydrodynamic hypothesis for the pathogenesis of glymphatic system impairment in hepatic encephalopathy. ( 31060841 )
2019
14
Advances in psychometric tests for screening minimal hepatic encephalopathy: From paper-and-pencil to computer-aided assessment. ( 31060994 )
2019
15
Sensitivity and Specificity of Alzheimer Type II Astrocytes in Hepatic Encephalopathy. ( 31063011 )
2019
16
Dopamine Burden Triggers Cholesterol Overload Following Disruption of Synaptogenesis in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy. ( 31078686 )
2019
17
Prognostic value of hepatic encephalopathy for survival of patients with liver failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ( 31085039 )
2019
18
Possibilities of therapeutic correction of hyperammonemia and minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with chronic hepatitis C at the pre-cirrhotic stage. ( 31094172 )
2019
19
Updates on the pathophysiology and therapeutic targets for hepatic encephalopathy. ( 30893082 )
2019
20
Glucuronidated bilirubin: Significantly increased in hepatic encephalopathy. ( 30905463 )
2019
21
Microstructural brain abnormalities correlate with neurocognitive dysfunction in minimal hepatic encephalopathy: a diffusion kurtosis imaging study. ( 30918990 )
2019
22
Kinetic deterioration of short memory in rat with acute hepatic encephalopathy: Involvement of astroglial and neuronal dysfunctions. ( 30928460 )
2019
23
Serum Zinc Level in Decompensated Liver Disease and its Correlation with Stage of Hepatic Encephalopathy. ( 30935169 )
2019
24
To the editor: Proton pump inhibitors are associated to minimal and overt hepatic encephalopathy and increase mortality in cirrhotics. ( 30959562 )
2019
25
Relationship Between Intraoperative Bispectral Index and Consciousness Recovery in Patients With Hepatic Encephalopathy Undergoing Liver Transplant: A Retrospective Analysis. ( 30979467 )
2019
26
Cerebellar inhibition in hepatic encephalopathy. ( 30981173 )
2019
27
GABA-ergic tone hypothesis in hepatic encephalopathy - Revisited. ( 30981176 )
2019
28
Application of tabu search-based Bayesian networks in exploring related factors of liver cirrhosis complicated with hepatic encephalopathy and disease identification. ( 31000773 )
2019
29
Predicting clinical outcomes of cirrhosis patients with hepatic encephalopathy from the fecal microbiome. ( 31004827 )
2019
30
Inhibition of inflammation is not enough for recovery of cognitive impairment in hepatic encephalopathy: effects of minocycline and ibuprofen. ( 31005662 )
2019
31
Sarcopenia: Ammonia metabolism and hepatic encephalopathy. ( 31006226 )
2019
32
Pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy and future treatment options. ( 31014748 )
2019
33
Lactulose to the Rescue: A Case of Toxic Hepatic Encephalopathy Caused by Portosystemic Shunting and Epistaxis in a Patient with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia. ( 31032126 )
2019
34
Functional Network-Based Statistics Reveal Abnormal Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy. ( 30761070 )
2019
35
Hepatic encephalopathy and traffic accidents: Vigilance is needed! ( 30765121 )
2019
36
Special Section: Update in Hepatic Encephalopathy- Part III. ( 30765932 )
2019
37
Minimal/Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy - Impact of Comorbid Conditions. ( 30765943 )
2019
38
Prognostic Implications of Minimal/Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy: Large-scale Validation Cohort Studies. ( 30765944 )
2019
39
Hepatic Encephalopathy and Sarcopenia: Two Faces of the Same Metabolic Alteration. ( 30765945 )
2019
40
Role of Exercise in the Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy: Experience From Animal and Human Studies. ( 30765946 )
2019
41
How to Design a Multicenter Clinical Trial in Hepatic Encephalopathy. ( 30765947 )
2019
42
Bile Acids in Hepatic Encephalopathy. ( 30774268 )
2019
43
Portosystemic shunts and refractory hepatic encephalopathy: patient selection and current options. ( 30774483 )
2019
44
Prognostic significance of minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis in Japan: a propensity score-matching analysis. ( 30779213 )
2019
45
Adherence to Recommended Inpatient Hepatic Encephalopathy Workup. ( 30811321 )
2019
46
Specific Gut and Salivary Microbiota Patterns Are Linked With Different Cognitive Testing Strategies in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy. ( 30816877 )
2019
47
Hepatic encephalopathy: Lessons from preclinical studies. ( 30820267 )
2019
48
Peripheral inflammation induces neuroinflammation that alters neurotransmission and cognitive and motor function in hepatic encephalopathy: Underlying mechanisms and therapeutic implications. ( 30830722 )
2019
49
A Case of Catatonia Nearly Mistaken for Hepatic Encephalopathy. ( 30831063 )
2019
50
Development and Validation of a Prognostic Score to Predict Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Cirrhosis. ( 30848730 )
2019
Sources

Variations for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Expression for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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LifeMap Discovery
Genes differentially expressed in tissues of Hepatic Encephalopathy patients vs. healthy controls: 35
# Gene Description Tissue Up/Dn Fold Change (log2) P value
1 PSPH phosphoserine phosphatase Brain - 4.35 0.000
Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Hepatic Encephalopathy.
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Pathways for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Pathways related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 18)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Circadian entrainment 38
Show member pathways
 12.67 GLS GLUL MAOA MAOB NOS1 SLC1A2
2
Immune response IL-23 signaling pathway 23
Show member pathways
 12.37 F2 IL6 NOS1 TNF
3
Selenium Micronutrient Network 1
Show member pathways
 12.04 ALB F2 IL6 TNF
4
Ca, cAMP and Lipid Signaling 4
11.85 ALB S100B TSPO
5
Microglia Activation During Neuroinflammation: Overview 66
Show member pathways
 11.83 F2 IL6 TNF
6
Spinal Cord Injury 1
11.8 IL6 NOS1 TNF
7
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) 1 38
Show member pathways
 11.76 NOS1 SLC1A2 TNF
8
Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling 67
11.74 IL6 MAOA TNF
9
Amino Acid metabolism 1
11.57 GLS GLUL MAOA
10
Arginine and proline metabolism 38
Show member pathways
 11.3 MAOA MAOB NOS1
11
Monoamine Transport 1
Show member pathways
 11.07 MAOA NOS1 TNF
12
Amino acid synthesis and interconversion (transamination) 67
Show member pathways
 10.94 GLS GLUL GPT
13
Overview of nanoparticle effects 1
10.85 IL6 TNF
14
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism 38
10.69 GLS GLUL GPT
15
noradrenaline and adrenaline degradation 1
Show member pathways
 10.64 MAOA MAOB
16
Dopamine metabolism 1
10.62 MAOA MAOB
17
putrescine degradation III 1
Show member pathways
 10.57 MAOA MAOB
18
Arginine biosynthesis 38
Show member pathways
 10.34 GLS GLUL GPT NOS1
Sources

GO Terms for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Cellular components related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.5 ALB F2 GC GPT IL6 S100B
2 mitochondrion GO:0005739 9.17 GLS GLUL MAOA MAOB NOS1 SLC25A13

Biological processes related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 11)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 positive regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043065 9.78 IL6 S100B TNF TSPO
2 positive regulation of chemokine production GO:0032722 9.49 IL6 TNF
3 glutamate secretion GO:0014047 9.46 GLS SLC1A2
4 L-glutamate transmembrane transport GO:0015813 9.43 SLC1A2 SLC25A13
5 response to glucocorticoid GO:0051384 9.43 IL6 S100B TNF
6 neurotransmitter catabolic process GO:0042135 9.4 MAOA MAOB
7 negative regulation of lipid storage GO:0010888 9.37 IL6 TNF
8 dopamine catabolic process GO:0042420 9.32 MAOA MAOB
9 positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response GO:0150078 9.16 IL6 TNF
10 cellular amino acid biosynthetic process GO:0008652 9.13 GLS GLUL GPT
11 positive regulation of glial cell proliferation GO:0060252 8.8 IL6 TNF TSPO

Molecular functions related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 L-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity GO:0005313 8.96 SLC1A2 SLC25A13
2 primary amine oxidase activity GO:0008131 8.62 MAOA MAOB
Sources

Sources for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
20 FMA
29 GO
30 GTR
31 HGMD
32 HMDB
33 HPO
34 ICD10
35 ICD10 via Orphanet
36 ICD9CM
37 IUPHAR
38 KEGG
39 LifeMap
41 LOVD
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45 MeSH
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47 MGI
50 NCI
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52 NDF-RT
55 NINDS
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63 PubMed
65 QIAGEN
70 SNOMED-CT via HPO
71 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
72 TGDB
73 Tocris
74 UMLS
75 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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