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MCID: HPT019
MIFTS: 60

Hepatic Encephalopathy

Categories: Liver diseases, Mental diseases, Neuronal diseases, Rare diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Hepatic Encephalopathy:

Name: Hepatic Encephalopathy 12 74 52 36 54 15 71
Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy 12
Encephalopathy, Hepatic 52
Hepatoencephalopathy 52

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases Liver diseases Mental diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:13413
KEGG 36 H01506
ICD9CM 34 572.2
MeSH 43 D006501
NCIt 49 C79596
SNOMED-CT 67 13920009
ICD10 32 K72
UMLS 71 C0019151
Sources

Summaries for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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NIH Rare Diseases : 52 Hepatic encephalopathy is a syndrome observed in some patients with cirrhosis. It is defined as a spectrum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities in patients with liver dysfunction, when other known brain disease has been excluded. Signs and symptoms may be debilitating, and they can begin mildly and gradually, or occur suddenly and severely. They may include personality or mood changes, intellectual impairment, abnormal movements, a depressed level of consciousness, and other symptoms. There are several theories regarding the exact cause, but development of the condition is probably at least partially due to the effect of substances that are toxic to nerve tissue (neurotoxic), which are typically present with liver damage and/or liver disease . Treatment depends upon the severity of mental status changes and upon the certainty of the diagnosis.

MalaCards based summary : Hepatic Encephalopathy, also known as portal-systemic encephalopathy, is related to hepatic coma and acute liver failure. An important gene associated with Hepatic Encephalopathy is F2 (Coagulation Factor II, Thrombin), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Immune response IL-23 signaling pathway and Folate Metabolism. The drugs Metformin and Midazolam have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include liver, brain and testes, and related phenotypes are behavior/neurological and cellular

Disease Ontology : 12 A brain disease that is characterized by loss of brain function, the occurrence of confusion, altered level of consciousness, and coma that results when the liver is unable to remove toxins from the blood.

KEGG : 36 Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a brain dysfunction caused by liver insufficiency or portal systemic shunting. HE most commonly occurs in decompensated liver cirrhosis and incorporates a spectrum of manifestations that ranges from mild cognitive impairment to coma. Although its pathogenesis is not entirely understood, one of the main factors is thought to be ammonia. Apart from hyperammonemia, various other pathogenic mechanisms, such as the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) theory, the benzodiazepine theory, the manganese theory, and the theory of oxidative/nitrosative stress, have been implicated in the development of HE. The pharmacological treatments that are currently used in clinical practice are directed toward reducing the production and absorption of gut-derived ammonia.

Wikipedia : 74 Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an altered level of consciousness as a result of liver failure. Its onset... more...

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Related Diseases for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Diseases related to Hepatic Encephalopathy via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 605)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 hepatic coma 33.8 TSPO GPT F2 ALB
2 acute liver failure 33.1 TSPO SLC17A5 GPT GC F2 ALB
3 hepatorenal syndrome 33.0 IL18 GPT F2 ALB
4 alcoholic liver cirrhosis 32.8 TNF SLC17A5 IL6 GPT F2 ALB
5 liver cirrhosis 32.8 TTR SST SLC17A5 GPT GLS F2
6 alcoholic hepatitis 32.5 TNF SLC17A5 IL6 IL18 GPT F2
7 portal hypertension 31.5 TNF SST GPT F2 ALB
8 varicose veins 31.5 TNF IL6 F2
9 brain edema 31.4 SLC25A13 SLC1A2 IL6 GLUL ALB
10 esophageal varix 31.3 SST GPT F2 ALB
11 intracranial hypertension 31.2 TNF F2 ALB
12 peritonitis 31.2 TNF IL6 IL18 F2 ALB
13 liver disease 31.1 TTR TNF SLC25A13 SLC17A5 IL6 GPT
14 viral hepatitis 31.0 TNF SLC17A5 IL6 GPT F2 ALB
15 fatty liver disease 30.9 TNF SLC17A5 IL6 GPT ALB
16 reye syndrome 30.9 GPT GLUL ALB
17 infantile liver failure syndrome 1 30.8 SLC17A5 GPT F2 ALB
18 nervous system disease 30.8 TNF IL6 GC ALB
19 acute kidney failure 30.7 IL18 GPT F2 ALB
20 peptic ulcer disease 30.7 TNF SST ALB
21 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 30.7 TNF IL6 IL18 GPT ALB
22 active peptic ulcer disease 30.7 SST F2 ALB
23 gastric ulcer 30.7 TNF SST IL6
24 non-alcoholic steatohepatitis 30.7 TNF IL6 GPT ALB
25 alcohol dependence 30.6 TSPO TNF SLC1A2 SLC17A5 MAOB MAOA
26 acute cystitis 30.6 TNF IL6 IL18 GPT F2 ALB
27 non-a-e hepatitis 30.6 F2 ALB
28 schistosomiasis 30.6 TNF GPT F2 ALB
29 primary biliary cirrhosis 30.5 TNF SLC17A5 IL6 GPT F2 ALB
30 brucellosis 30.5 TNF IL6 IL18
31 constipation 30.5 TNF SST S100B NOS1 IL6 GPT
32 eclampsia 30.5 TNF IL6 F2 ALB
33 meningitis 30.5 TNF S100B IL6 IL18 ALB
34 paracetamol poisoning 30.5 GC F2
35 hepatitis e 30.5 TNF GPT F2 ALB
36 wilson disease 30.4 TNF IL6 GPT F2 ALB
37 diarrhea 30.4 TTR TNF SST IL6 GPT ALB
38 bilirubin metabolic disorder 30.4 SLC17A5 GPT F2 ALB
39 pneumocystosis 30.4 TNF IL6 ALB
40 cholecystitis 30.4 GPT F2 ALB
41 central nervous system disease 30.4 TTR TNF IL6 GC ALB
42 wernicke encephalopathy 30.4 TSPO SLC1A2 GLUL
43 meningoencephalitis 30.4 TNF IL6 ALB
44 common cold 30.4 TNF IL6 ALB
45 hypersplenism 30.3 GPT F2 ALB
46 appendicitis 30.3 TNF IL6 ALB
47 pericarditis 30.3 TNF IL6 ALB
48 urea cycle disorder 30.3 SLC25A13 GLUL ALB
49 cholestasis 30.3 TNF SLC25A13 SLC17A5 IL6 GPT F2
50 serotonin syndrome 30.3 SST MAOB MAOA

Comorbidity relations with Hepatic Encephalopathy via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN): (show all 24)


Acquired Thrombocytopenia Active Peptic Ulcer Disease
Acute Cystitis Acute Kidney Failure
Alcoholic Hepatitis Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis
Decubitus Ulcer Deficiency Anemia
Encephalopathy Esophageal Varix
Heart Disease Hepatitis
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hepatorenal Syndrome
Hypersplenism Liver Disease
Neutropenia Portal Hypertension
Portal Vein Thrombosis Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Protein-Energy Malnutrition Respiratory Failure
Schizophreniform Disorder Urea Cycle Disorder

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:



Diseases related to Hepatic Encephalopathy
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:

45
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.31 F2 GLS GLUL IL18 IL6 MAOA
2 cellular MP:0005384 10.13 ALB F2 GLS GLUL IL18 IL6
3 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 10.11 ALB F2 GC GLUL IL18 IL6
4 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.11 ALB F2 GC GLUL IL18 IL6
5 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 9.86 ALB F2 IL18 IL6 NOS1 SST
6 nervous system MP:0003631 9.8 F2 GLS GLUL IL18 IL6 MAOA
7 normal MP:0002873 9.28 ALB F2 GLS GLUL NOS1 S100B
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Drugs for Hepatic Encephalopathy (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 297)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Metformin Approved Phase 4 657-24-9 14219 4091
2
Midazolam Approved, Illicit Phase 4 59467-70-8 4192
3
Propofol Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 2078-54-8 4943
4
Ciprofloxacin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 85721-33-1 2764
5
Imipenem Approved Phase 4 74431-23-5, 64221-86-9 104838
6
Magnesium oxide Approved Phase 4 1309-48-4 14792
7
Tranexamic Acid Approved Phase 4 1197-18-8 5526
8
Clavulanate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 58001-44-8 5280980
9
Cefotaxime Approved Phase 4 63527-52-6 5742673 456256
10
Amoxicillin Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 26787-78-0 33613
11
Vancomycin Approved Phase 4 1404-90-6 14969 441141
12
Cefoxitin Approved Phase 4 35607-66-0 441199
13
Azithromycin Approved Phase 4 83905-01-5 447043 55185
14
Insulin aspart Approved Phase 4 116094-23-6 16132418
15
Promethazine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 60-87-7 4927
16
Histamine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 51-45-6 774
17
Diphenhydramine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 58-73-1, 147-24-0 3100
18
Naloxone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 465-65-6 5284596
19
Buprenorphine Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 52485-79-7 40400 644073
20
Prednisolone phosphate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 302-25-0
21
Methylprednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 83-43-2 6741
22
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Approved Phase 4 2921-57-5
23 Prednisolone acetate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 52-21-1
24
Prednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-24-8 5755
25
Lamivudine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 134678-17-4 60825
26
Furosemide Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 54-31-9 3440
27
Silicon Approved, Investigational Phase 4 7440-21-3 4082203
28
Prednisone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 53-03-2 5865
29
chloroquine Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 54-05-7 2719
30
Azathioprine Approved Phase 4 446-86-6 2265
31
Lactulose Approved Phase 4 4618-18-2 11333
32
Norepinephrine Approved Phase 4 51-41-2 439260
33
Mannitol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 69-65-8 6251 453
34
Dopamine Approved Phase 4 51-61-6, 62-31-7 681
35
Atorvastatin Approved Phase 4 134523-00-5 60823
36
Terlipressin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 14636-12-5 72081
37
Octreotide Approved, Investigational Phase 4 83150-76-9 383414 6400441
38
Tolvaptan Approved Phase 4 150683-30-0 216237
39
Ethanol Approved Phase 4 64-17-5 702
40
Dexmedetomidine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 113775-47-6 5311068 68602
41
Lorazepam Approved Phase 4 846-49-1 3958
42
Vitamin A Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 4 22737-96-8, 68-26-8, 11103-57-4 9904001 445354
43
Valine Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4 72-18-4 6287
44
Prednisolone hemisuccinate Experimental Phase 4 2920-86-7
45 Hypoglycemic Agents Phase 4
46 GABA Modulators Phase 4
47 Anti-Anxiety Agents Phase 4
48 Anesthetics, General Phase 4
49 Psychotropic Drugs Phase 4
50 Anesthetics, Intravenous Phase 4

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 335)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Efficacy of Combined Oral L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate and Oral Lactulose in Patients With Hepatic Encephalopathy Unknown status NCT00740142 Phase 4 L-ornithine-L-aspartate and lactulose;placebo and lactulose
2 Secondary Prophylaxis of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis: An Open Label, Randomized Controlled Trial of Lactulose, Probiotics and No-therapy Unknown status NCT01178372 Phase 4 Lactulose;Probiotics(VSL#3)
3 Therapeutic Efficacy of Oral L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate on Liver Cirrhosis and Minimal Encephalopathy: a Single Center Placebo Control Double Blind Study Unknown status NCT00896831 Phase 4 L-ornithine-L-aspartate;placebo
4 Randomized Trial Comparing The Efficacy of PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) Versus Lactulose For Treatment Of Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Unknown status NCT03100513 Phase 4 Lactulose;Polyethylene Glycol
5 Low-dose Rifaximin in the Treatment of Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Randomized Open Controlled Study Unknown status NCT03077217 Phase 4 Rifaximin
6 Primary Prophylaxis of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Cirrhosis: an Open Labeled Randomized Controlled Trial of Lactulose Versus no Lactulose Unknown status NCT01175538 Phase 4 Lactulose;Lactulose
7 Albumin Infusion Effects in Mortality in Patients With Cirrhosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy Unknown status NCT02401490 Phase 4 Human albumin;Placebo
8 Metformin Experience on Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Unknown status NCT02470546 Phase 4 Metformin;Placebo
9 A Randomized Comparison of Rifaximin Versus Lactulose in Hospitalized Cirrhotic Patients With Progressive Renal Failure Unknown status NCT00748904 Phase 4 Rifaximin;Lactulose
10 Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Effects of Sedation for Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy With Propofol Versus Midazolam on Psychometric Tests and Critical Flicker Frequency in Cirrhotics Unknown status NCT01356121 Phase 4 Propofol;Midazolam
11 Magnesium Deficiency in Cirrhotic Patients Unknown status NCT01894867 Phase 4
12 Efficacy and Safety Study of Tolvaptan for Liver Cirrhotic Patients With Hyponatremia and Ascites: A Multi-center, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled 4-weeks Clinical Trial Unknown status NCT01716611 Phase 4 Tolvaptan;placebo
13 Efficacy and Safety of Early Administration of Tranexamic Acid in Cirrhotic Patients Presenting With Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: a Multicenter, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-controlled Trial (Modified by amendment1) Unknown status NCT03023189 Phase 4 Tranexamic acid;Placebo
14 Bacterial Infections Associated With Healthcare (Healthcare-Associated) in Hospitalized Cirrhotic Patients: Randomized Study of Use of Traditional Empirical Antibiotic Therapy and Second-line Targeted at Multi-resistant Bacteria Unknown status NCT01820026 Phase 4 Imipenem;Vancomycin;azithromycin;Cefotaxime;Amoxicillin
15 A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Active-Controlled, Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Rifaximin 550 mg With and Without Lactulose in Subjects With a History of Recurrent Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT01842581 Phase 4 Rifaximin;Lactulose
16 Effect of Lactulose on Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy and Health-Related Quality of Life Completed NCT00375375 Phase 4 Lactulose
17 The Infusion of L-Ornithine L-aspart is as Effective as Nonabsorbable Disaccharides in the Management of Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy. Completed NCT01041755 Phase 4 L-ornithine-L-aspartate;Lactose
18 Effect of Albumine Infusion in the Prevention of Hepatic Encephalopathy After Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Completed NCT01559519 Phase 4 Albumin
19 Pharmacokinetics of Buprenorphine and Naloxone in Subjects With Mild to Severe Hepatic Impairment (Child-Pugh Classes, A, B, and C), in HCV-Seropositive Subjects, and in Healthy Volunteers Completed NCT01846455 Phase 4 2.0mg Buprenorphine/0.5mg Naloxone;Promethazine
20 High-fiber High-fiber Diet and Branched Chain Aminoacids. Impact on Nutritional Status and Complications in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Completed NCT02023229 Phase 4
21 Effect of the Proteins of the Diet in Patients With Cirrhosis and a Prior Episode of Hepatic Encephalopathy. A Randomized Study Completed NCT00955500 Phase 4
22 Effects of the Administration of Albumin in Patients With Cirrhosis and Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy. Completed NCT00886925 Phase 4 Albumin;Sodium chloride 0.9%
23 Comparison of Three Different Schemes:Lactulose, L-ornithine L-aspartate, or Rifaximin, Versus Placebo, as Primary Prophylaxis of the Development of Hepatic Encephalopathy After Acute Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhotic Patients Completed NCT02158182 Phase 4 Lactulose;L-ornithine L-aspartate;Rifaximin;Placebo
24 LOLA in Hepatic Encephalopathy Brain Muscle Axis During Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy With L-ornithine L-aspartate A Phase iv Randomised Double Blind Placebo- Controlled Trial Completed NCT01847651 Phase 4 LOLA or placebo
25 A Placebo Controlled Single Centre Double Blind Randomised Trial to Investigate the Efficacy of Rifaximin Versus Placebo in Improving Systemic Inflammation and Neutrophil Malfunction in Patients With Cirrhosis and Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy Completed NCT02019784 Phase 4 Rifaximin-α;Placebo Oral Tablet
26 Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study on the Effectiveness of Treatment With Beta-blockers to Prevent Decompensation of Cirrhosis With Portal Hypertension Completed NCT01059396 Phase 4 propranolol;carvedilol;placebo
27 A Clinical Trial of the Vessel Sealing System (LigaSure) in Azygoportal Disconnection and Splenectomy in Patients With Portal Hypertension Completed NCT00965744 Phase 4
28 Safety and Efficacy of Steroids in the Management of Fulminant Hepatic Failure Due to Hepatitis A Virus in the Pediatric Age Group Completed NCT02375867 Phase 4 prednisolone;methylprednisolone
29 Efficacy of Intravenous 'L-ornithine L-aspartate' in Reversal of Overt Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: a Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled Trial Completed NCT01722578 Phase 4 L-ornithine L-aspartate;Placebo
30 Midodrine and Albumin for Cirrhotic Patients in the Waiting List for Liver Transplantation Completed NCT00839358 Phase 4 albumin;Midodrine;Placebo
31 A Randomized Controlled Trial of Lamivudine in Acute Hepatitis B Completed NCT00380614 Phase 4 Lamivudine
32 Intestinal Decontamination With Rifaximin. Effects on the Inflammatory and Circulatory State in Patients With Cirrhosis and Ascites - A Randomised Controlled Clinical Study Completed NCT01769040 Phase 4 Rifaximin;placebo
33 Study of the Effect of VSL#3 (Original De Simone Formulation) on Cognitive Function, Risk of Falls and Quality of Life in Patients With Cirrhosis Completed NCT01686698 Phase 4
34 Ramelteon for Treatment of Insomnia in Cirrhosis Completed NCT03091738 Phase 4 Ramelteon Pill
35 Possible Role of Chloroquine in Conjunction to Prednisone to Induce a Complete Remission in the Treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis: a Randomized Trial Completed NCT02463331 Phase 4 Chloroquine diphosphate;prednisone;azathioprine
36 DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL WITH CHLOROQUINE VERSUS PLACEBO FOR MAINTENANCE OF REMISSION OF AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS Completed NCT01980745 Phase 4 Chloroquine diphosphate 250mg;Placebo
37 The Use of Human Albumin for the Treatment of Ascites in Patients With Hepatic Cirrhosis: a Multicenter, Open-label Randomized Clinical Trial Completed NCT01288794 Phase 4 Diuretics plus human albumin;Diuretics (standard medical treatment)
38 A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial To Evaluate The Efficacy, Safety, And Pharmacokinetics Of Rifaximin 550 Mg In Subjects With Severe Hepatic Impairment And Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Recruiting NCT01846663 Phase 4 Placebo;Rifaximin
39 Therapeutic Efficacy of Oral PEG3350 Plus Lactulose Versus Lactulose Alone in Patients of Acute on Chronic Liver Failure With Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Single Blind Prospective Randomized Controlled Study Recruiting NCT03987893 Phase 4 PEG-3350 with Electolytes;Lactulose
40 Effect of Polyethylene Glycol Versus Lactulose on Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis; a Randomized Clinical Trial (PEGHE Trial) Recruiting NCT04436601 Phase 4 Polyethylene Glycols;Lactulose
41 Prevention of Hepatic Encephalopathy by Administration of Rifaximin and Lactulose in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Undergoing TIPS Placement: a Multi-centre Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial. Recruiting NCT04073290 Phase 4 Rifaximin 550 milligram Oral Tablet [XIFAXAN];Placebo oral tablet;Lactulose 667 milligram/milliliter Oral Solution
42 Use of HA 330-II for Hemofiltration in Patients With Acute Liver Failure as a Bridge to Liver Transplantation: Clinical Evaluation Protocol. Recruiting NCT04243655 Phase 4 Standard medical treatment (SMT)
43 Statin for Preventing Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence After Curative Treatment: a Double-blind Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial Recruiting NCT03024684 Phase 4 Atorvastatin;Placebo Oral Tablet
44 Functional MRI-based Assessment of Terlipressin vs. Octreotide on Renal Function in Cirrhotic Patients With Acute Variceal Bleeding (CHESS1903): A Multicenter, Single-blind, Randomised Controlled Trial Recruiting NCT04028323 Phase 4 Terlipressin;Octreotide
45 Treatment of Sarcopenia Improves the Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength of Patients With Liver Cirrhosis- Child C: A Randomized Double Blind Control Trial Recruiting NCT03633279 Phase 4 Branched chain amino acid;Placebo
46 Quality of Life and Nutritional Improvements in Cirrhotic Patients Following Hepatic Encephalopathy Using Rifaximin. Terminated NCT01842113 Phase 4 Rifaximin;Lactulose;Lactulose Placebo;Rifaximin Placebo
47 Effects of Intrathoracic Pressure Regulation Therapy in Patients With Elevated Intracranial Pressure Due to Brain Injury or Intracranial Pathology Terminated NCT01824589 Phase 4
48 Tolvaptan to Reduce Length of Stay in Hospitalized Patients With Cirrhosis and Hyponatremia Terminated NCT01890694 Phase 4 Tolvaptan;Placebo
49 A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Study of Dexmedetomidine (Precedex®), With Lorazepam Rescue, for the Management of Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS) and Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium (AWD) Terminated NCT01362205 Phase 4 Dexmedetomidine;Placebos
50 Impact of Rifaximin on Liver Fibrosis in HIV-Infected Patients With Liver Disease Withdrawn NCT01654939 Phase 4 Rifaximin

Search NIH Clinical Center for Hepatic Encephalopathy

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 71 / NDF-RT 50 :


Kanamycin Sulfate
Lactulose
NEOMYCIN SO4 PWDR
Sources

Genetic Tests for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Sources

Anatomical Context for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:

40
Liver, Brain, Testes, Cortex, Colon, Kidney, Cerebellum
Sources

Publications for Hepatic Encephalopathy

About this section

Articles related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:

(show top 50) (show all 8079)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Outcome of patients with primary hepatic venous obstruction treated with anticoagulants alone. 54 61
20373079 2010
2
Conventional diet therapy for hyperammonemia is risky in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy associated with citrin deficiency. 54 61
20118603 2010
3
[A simple scoring system to evaluate the severity of acute-on-chronic liver failure in hepatitis B]. 54 61
20193566 2009
4
[Analysis of prognostic factors for patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure]. 54 61
19719920 2009
5
Retrospective study of the clinical profile and prognostic indicators in patients of alcoholic liver disease admitted to a tertiary care teaching hospital in Western Nepal. 61 54
19636178 2009
6
[Anemia in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis: prevalence, clinical relevance and predictive factors]. 54 61
19663083 2009
7
Natural endogenous ligands for benzodiazepine receptors in hepatic encephalopathy. 61 54
19082698 2009
8
Clinical features and predictors of outcome in acute hepatitis A and hepatitis E virus hepatitis on cirrhosis. 61 54
19267864 2009
9
Albumin dialysis improves hepatic encephalopathy and decreases circulating phenolic aromatic amino acids in patients with alcoholic hepatitis and severe liver failure. 54 61
19175915 2009
10
[Clinical outcomes and predictive factors of spontaneous survival in patients with fulminant hepatitis A]. 61 54
19119242 2008
11
In-hospital mortality in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a new predictive model. 54 61
18941414 2008
12
Albumin dialysis has a favorable effect on amino acid profile in hepatic encephalopathy. 54 61
18773287 2008
13
[Natural history of primary biliary cirrhosis]. 54 61
18928750 2008
14
Gc-globulin in liver disease. 54 61
19232164 2008
15
Which is the best way to analyze the efficacy of albumin dialysis in hepatic encephalopathy? 54 61
18666248 2008
16
Adjuvant therapeutic plasma exchange in liver failure: assessments of clinical and laboratory parameters. 61 54
18344887 2008
17
Prognostic factors for chronic severe hepatitis and construction of a prognostic model. 61 54
18234637 2008
18
Acute liver failure in Lithuania. 61 54
18695350 2008
19
Aquaporin-4 in hepatic encephalopathy. 54 61
17879149 2007
20
Randomized controlled study of extracorporeal albumin dialysis for hepatic encephalopathy in advanced cirrhosis. 54 61
17975845 2007
21
[Analysis of survival rate and risk factors of liver retransplantation]. 54 61
18005577 2007
22
Drug insight: the role of albumin in the management of chronic liver disease. 54 61
17203088 2007
23
Liver support systems. 61 54
17464150 2007
24
Molecular adsorbent recirculating system dialysis in patients with acute liver failure who are assessed for liver transplantation. 61 54
16941171 2006
25
Peripheral benzodiazepine receptors in the brain of cirrhosis patients with manifest hepatic encephalopathy. 54 61
16550382 2006
26
[Observation on hybrid bioartificial liver support systems in treating chronic severe hepatitis: a study of 60 cases]. 54 61
16556417 2006
27
Prediction of hepatic encephalopathy development in patients with severe acute hepatitis. 61 54
16534681 2006
28
Role of phosphate-activated glutaminase in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. 61 54
16382342 2005
29
Role of endogenous benzodiazepine ligands and their GABA-A--associated receptors in hepatic encephalopathy. 54 61
16382352 2005
30
[Preliminary study on the effects of an artificial liver support system in the treatment of medicamentous liver insufficiency]. 61 54
16313729 2005
31
[Analysis of prognostic factors of and to establish a predictive model for patients with chronic severe hepatitis]. 54 61
16248942 2005
32
Successful treatment of an adult with Amanita phalloides-induced fulminant liver failure with molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS). 61 54
16200238 2005
33
Renal function after orthotopic liver transplantation is predicted by duration of pretransplantation creatinine elevation. 61 54
16123966 2005
34
Determinants of early mortality and benefits of lamivudine therapy in patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated liver cirrhosis. 61 54
15985009 2005
35
Etiology, outcome and prognostic indicators of childhood fulminant hepatic failure in the United kingdom. 54 61
15861019 2005
36
[Analysis on prognostic factors of liver failure in children]. 54 61
16201463 2005
37
The impact of total plasma exchange on early allograft dysfunction. 54 61
15621091 2004
38
Clinical and laboratory features of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. 61 54
15626058 2004
39
Intestinal glutaminase activity is increased in liver cirrhosis and correlates with minimal hepatic encephalopathy. 54 61
15246207 2004
40
Reversal of diuretic-induced hepatic encephalopathy with infusion of albumin but not colloid. 61 54
14678008 2004
41
Benzodiazepine receptor antagonists for hepatic encephalopathy. 54 61
15106178 2004
42
Clinical significance and prediction factors of gastric varices in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 54 61
14571795 2003
43
Low serum total thyroxine and free triiodothyronine in patients with hepatic encephalopathy due to non-alcoholic cirrhosis. 61 54
12811678 2003
44
Renal impairment after spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: incidence and prognosis. 61 54
12677269 2003
45
A cohort study of the incidence of serious acute liver injury in diabetic patients treated with hypoglycemic agents. 61 54
12639207 2003
46
Discriminant function for prognostic indexes and probability of death in chronic severe hepatitis B. 54 61
14564632 2003
47
Successful use of Molecular Absorbent Regenerating System (MARS) dialysis for the treatment of fulminant hepatic failure in children accidentally poisoned by toxic mushroom ingestion. 61 54
12950957 2003
48
Region selective alterations of soluble guanylate cyclase content and modulation in brain of cirrhotic patients. 61 54
12395325 2002
49
Treatment of liver failure in rats with end-stage cirrhosis by transplantation of immortalized hepatocytes. 54 61
12143047 2002
50
Glutamine synthetase in brain: effect of ammonia. 61 54
12020613 2002
Sources

Variations for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Sources

Expression for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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LifeMap Discovery
Genes differentially expressed in tissues of Hepatic Encephalopathy patients vs. healthy controls: 35
# Gene Description Tissue Up/Dn Fold Change (log2) P value
1 PSPH phosphoserine phosphatase Brain - 4.35 0.000
Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Hepatic Encephalopathy.
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Pathways for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Pathways related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 19)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Immune response IL-23 signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 12.36 TNF NOS1 IL6 IL18 F2
2
Folate Metabolism 1
Show member pathways
 12.22 TNF IL6 F2 ALB
3
Circadian entrainment 36
Show member pathways
 12.17 SLC1A2 SLC1A1 NOS1 MAOB MAOA GLUL
4
Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection 36
12.15 TNF IL6 IL18 F2
5
Neurotransmitter Release Cycle 65
Show member pathways
 12.07 SLC1A2 SLC1A1 MAOA GLS
6
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways 1
12.01 TNF SST MAOA IL6
7
Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling 65
11.51 TNF MAOA IL6 IL18
8
Legionellosis 36
11.49 TNF IL6 IL18
9
Arginine and proline metabolism 36
Show member pathways
 11.48 NOS1 MAOB MAOA
10
Malaria 36
11.4 TNF IL6 IL18
11
Interleukin-10 signaling 65
11.38 TNF IL6 IL18
12
FOXA2 and FOXA3 transcription factor networks 1
11.3 TTR F2 ALB
13
Monoamine Transport 1
Show member pathways
 11.27 TNF NOS1 MAOA
14
Amino acid synthesis and interconversion (transamination) 65
Show member pathways
 11.2 GPT GLUL GLS
15
African trypanosomiasis 36
11.11 TNF IL6 IL18
16
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism 36
11.05 GPT GLUL GLS
17
Development and heterogeneity of the ILC family 1
10.94 TNF IL6 IL18
18
Astrocytic Glutamate-Glutamine Uptake And Metabolism 65
Show member pathways
 10.48 SLC1A2 GLUL
19
Arginine biosynthesis 36
Show member pathways
 10.34 NOS1 GPT GLUL GLS
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GO Terms for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Cellular components related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular region GO:0005576 9.61 TTR TNF SST S100B IL6 IL18
2 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.32 TTR TNF SST S100B IL6 IL18

Biological processes related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 19)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 chemical synaptic transmission GO:0007268 9.88 SST SLC1A2 SLC1A1 GLS
2 cellular protein metabolic process GO:0044267 9.85 TTR IL6 F2 ALB
3 positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0042531 9.71 TNF IL6 IL18
4 response to glucocorticoid GO:0051384 9.69 TNF S100B IL6
5 amino acid transport GO:0006865 9.67 SLC1A2 SLC1A1 SLC17A5
6 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0048661 9.65 TNF IL6 IL18
7 cellular amino acid biosynthetic process GO:0008652 9.61 GPT GLUL GLS
8 transepithelial transport GO:0070633 9.58 SLC1A2 SLC1A1
9 neurotransmitter catabolic process GO:0042135 9.57 MAOB MAOA
10 negative regulation of lipid storage GO:0010888 9.56 TNF IL6
11 positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade GO:0046427 9.54 TNF IL6 F2
12 dopamine catabolic process GO:0042420 9.52 MAOB MAOA
13 glutamate secretion GO:0014047 9.5 SLC1A2 SLC1A1 GLS
14 L-glutamate import across plasma membrane GO:0098712 9.46 SLC1A2 SLC1A1
15 positive regulation of glial cell proliferation GO:0060252 9.43 TSPO TNF IL6
16 D-aspartate import across plasma membrane GO:0070779 9.4 SLC1A2 SLC1A1
17 L-glutamate transmembrane transport GO:0015813 9.33 SLC25A13 SLC1A2 SLC1A1
18 positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response GO:0150078 9.13 TNF IL6 IL18
19 L-aspartate transmembrane transport GO:0070778 8.8 SLC25A13 SLC1A2 SLC1A1

Molecular functions related to Hepatic Encephalopathy according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 identical protein binding GO:0042802 9.76 TTR TNF SLC25A13 SLC1A1 S100B MAOB
2 glutamate binding GO:0016595 9.4 SLC1A1 GLUL
3 L-aspartate transmembrane transporter activity GO:0015183 9.37 SLC25A13 SLC1A1
4 primary amine oxidase activity GO:0008131 9.32 MAOB MAOA
5 high-affinity glutamate transmembrane transporter activity GO:0005314 9.26 SLC1A2 SLC1A1
6 glutamate:sodium symporter activity GO:0015501 8.96 SLC1A2 SLC1A1
7 L-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity GO:0005313 8.8 SLC25A13 SLC1A2 SLC1A1
Sources

Sources for Hepatic Encephalopathy

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
43 MeSH
44 MESH via Orphanet
45 MGI
48 NCI
49 NCIt
50 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM
57 OMIM via Orphanet
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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