Hypokalemia disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: HYP005 MIFTS: 53	Hypokalemia Categories: Metabolic diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs Download Expand all tables

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Aliases & Classifications for Hypokalemia

MalaCards integrated aliases for Hypokalemia:

Name: Hypokalemia ¹² ⁷⁶ ²⁹ ⁵⁵ ⁶ ⁴⁴ ¹⁵

Potassium Deficiency Disorder ¹² ⁷³

Potassium Deficiency ⁷⁶ ⁷³

Hypopotassemia ¹²

Potassium ⁴³

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Metabolic diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

ICD10: ³³

Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

Metabolic disorders

Other disorders of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance

Hypokalaemia

External Ids:

Disease Ontology ¹² DOID:4500

MeSH ⁴⁴ D007008

NCIt ⁵⁰ C34939

ICD10 ³³ E87.6

UMLS ⁷³ C1514284 C0032827

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Summaries for Hypokalemia

MedlinePlus : ⁴³ Potassium is a mineral that your body needs to work properly. It is a type of electrolyte. It helps your nerves to function and muscles to contract. It helps your heartbeat stay regular. It also helps move nutrients into cells and waste products out of cells. A diet rich in potassium helps to offset some of sodium's harmful effects on blood pressure. Many people get all the potassium they need from what they eat and drink. Sources of potassium in the diet include Leafy greens, such as spinach and collards Fruit from vines, such as grapes and blackberries Root vegetables, such as carrots and potatoes Citrus fruits, such as oranges and grapefruit Your kidneys help to keep the right amount of potassium in your body. If you have chronic kidney disease, your kidneys may not remove extra potassium from the blood. Some medicines also can raise your potassium level. You may need a special diet to lower the amount of potassium that you eat.

MalaCards based summary : Hypokalemia, also known as potassium deficiency disorder, is related to seizures, sensorineural deafness, ataxia, mental retardation, and electrolyte imbalance and diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic, autosomal. An important gene associated with Hypokalemia is SLC12A3 (Solute Carrier Family 12 Member 3), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Peptide hormone metabolism and Renin secretion. The drugs Furosemide and Dopamine have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include heart, kidney and lung, and related phenotypes are behavior/neurological and cardiovascular system

Wikipedia : ⁷⁶ Hypokalemia, also spelled hypokalaemia, is a low level of potassium (K+) in the blood serum. Normal... more...

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Related Diseases for Hypokalemia

Diseases related to Hypokalemia via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 239)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	seizures, sensorineural deafness, ataxia, mental retardation, and electrolyte imbalance	32.3	AQP2 SLC12A3
2	diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic, autosomal	32.1	AQP2 CASR SLC12A1
3	liddle syndrome	31.9	HSD11B2 NR3C1 REN
4	apparent mineralocorticoid excess	30.9	CLCNKB HSD11B2 NR3C1 POMC REN
5	hyperaldosteronism, familial, type i	30.8	HSD11B2 NR3C1 POMC REN
6	gitelman syndrome	29.9	BSND CASR CLCNKB KCNJ1 REN SLC12A1
7	adenoma	29.9	CASR HSD11B2 POMC
8	hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism	29.5	ACE REN
9	malignant hypertension	29.5	ACE REN
10	nephrocalcinosis	29.4	CLCNKB KCNJ1 SLC12A1
11	bartter disease	29.2	BSND CASR CLCNKB KCNJ1 REN SLC12A1
12	fibromuscular dysplasia	29.1	ACE REN
13	chronic kidney failure	29.1	ACE CASR REN
14	bartter syndrome, type 3	29.1	BSND CLCNKB KCNJ1 REN SLC12A1 SLC12A3
15	hypoaldosteronism	29.0	ACE POMC REN
16	diabetes insipidus	29.0	AQP2 POMC REN SLC12A1
17	congestive heart failure	29.0	ACE AQP2 REN
18	kidney disease	28.7	ACE AQP2 CASR REN
19	conn's syndrome	28.4	CLCNKB HSD11B2 NR3C1 POMC REN SLC12A3
20	hypertension, essential	26.8	ACE HSD11B2 NR3C1 POMC REN SLC12A1
21	myotonia, potassium-aggravated	12.5
22	hypertensive hypokalemia familial	11.9
23	sodium-potassium-atpase activity of red cell	11.9
24	vipoma	11.6
25	thyrotoxic periodic paralysis	11.4
26	renal tubular acidosis, distal	11.4
27	thyrotoxic periodic paralysis 1	11.3
28	wdha syndrome	11.2
29	hypokalemic periodic paralysis, type 1	11.1
30	hypocalcemia, autosomal dominant 1	11.1
31	thyrotoxic periodic paralysis 2	11.1
32	hypokalemic alkalosis, familial, with specific renal tubulopathy	11.1
33	hypomagnesemia 2, renal	11.0
34	hyperaldosteronism, familial, type iii	11.0
35	kindler syndrome	10.9
36	hyperaldosteronism, familial, type ii	10.9
37	arthrogryposis, distal, type 3	10.8	REN SLC12A3
38	adrenal hyperplasia, congenital, due to 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency	10.8
39	diarrhea 1, secretory chloride, congenital	10.8
40	bartter syndrome, type 5, antenatal, transient	10.8
41	diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic, x-linked	10.8
42	primary aldosteronism, seizures, and neurologic abnormalities	10.8
43	primary hypomagnesemia	10.8
44	hyper-reninism	10.8
45	slc4a1-associated distal renal tubular acidosis	10.8
46	impaired renal function disease	10.6	AQP2 SLC12A1
47	acute adrenal insufficiency	10.5	POMC REN
48	bartter syndrome, type 2, antenatal	10.5	CASR KCNJ1
49	hypercalciuria, absorptive, 2	10.4	CASR KCNJ1
50	adrenal cortical hypofunction	10.4	POMC REN

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Hypokalemia:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Hypokalemia

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Hypokalemia:

⁴⁶

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	behavior/neurological	MP:0005386	10.2	HSD11B2 BSND CACNA1S KCNJ1 CASR ACE
2	cardiovascular system	MP:0005385	10.17	HSD11B2 BSND KCNH2 CACNA1S KCNJ1 ACE
3	homeostasis/metabolism	MP:0005376	10.17	HSD11B2 BSND KCNH2 CACNA1S KCNJ1 CASR
4	growth/size/body region	MP:0005378	10.14	AQP2 KCNH2 BSND CACNA1S KCNJ1 CASR
5	hematopoietic system	MP:0005397	10.02	AQP2 BSND KCNJ1 CASR ACE POMC
6	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	9.93	AQP2 HSD11B2 KCNH2 BSND CACNA1S KCNJ1
7	integument	MP:0010771	9.8	AQP2 CACNA1S CASR POMC KCNJ1 SLC12A1
8	muscle	MP:0005369	9.43	HSD11B2 KCNH2 CACNA1S CASR REN NR3C1
9	renal/urinary system	MP:0005367	9.4	HSD11B2 BSND KCNJ1 CASR ACE AQP2

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Hypokalemia

Drugs for Hypokalemia (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 310)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Furosemide

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 1,Early Phase 1

54-31-9

3440

Dopamine

Approved

Phase 4

51-61-6, 62-31-7

681

Zinc

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable

7440-66-6

23994

Spironolactone

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable

1952-01-7, 52-01-7

5833

Hydrocortisone

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2

50-23-7

5754

Celecoxib

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

169590-42-5

2662

Chlorthalidone

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable

77-36-1

2732

Amphotericin B

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 2

1397-89-3

14956 5280965

Hydrochlorothiazide

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable

58-93-5

3639

Tramadol

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

27203-92-5

33741

Progesterone

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4,Phase 2

57-83-0

5994

Gabapentin

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

60142-96-3

3446

Miconazole

Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved

Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2

22916-47-8

4189

Mifepristone

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

84371-65-3

55245

Procaterol

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

72332-33-3

688561

Acetaminophen

Approved

Phase 4

103-90-2

1983

Benzocaine

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1

1994-09-7, 94-09-7

2337

Entecavir

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2

142217-69-4

153941

Insulin Glargine

Approved

Phase 4

160337-95-1

Magnesium Sulfate

Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved

Phase 4

7487-88-9

24083

Tolvaptan

Approved

Phase 4

150683-30-0

216237

Metolazone

Approved

Phase 4

17560-51-9

4170

Chlorothiazide

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

58-94-6

2720

tannic acid

Approved, Nutraceutical

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1

Licorice

Approved, Nutraceutical

Phase 4

Butyric Acid

Experimental, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3

107-92-6

264

insulin

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable

diuretics

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1

Respiratory System Agents

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable

Adrenergic Agents

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable

Adrenergic Agonists

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable

Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists

Phase 4,Phase 1,Not Applicable

Adrenergic beta-Agonists

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable

Albuterol

Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable

Natriuretic Agents

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1

Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors

Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 1,Early Phase 1

Neurotransmitter Agents

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable

Tocolytic Agents

Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable

Dopamine Agents

Phase 4

Anti-Asthmatic Agents

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable

Peripheral Nervous System Agents

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable

Hypoglycemic Agents

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable

Antihypertensive Agents

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable

Insulin, Globin Zinc

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable

Protective Agents

Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1

Autonomic Agents

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable

Bronchodilator Agents

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable

beta-endorphin

Phase 4,Phase 3

Analgesics

Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable

calcium channel blockers

Phase 4

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 144)

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	Comparison of Enteral Versus Intravenous Potassium Supplementation	Unknown status	NCT02015962	Phase 4	Intravenous potassium chloride;Oral potassium chloride
2	Efficacy of KCl Plus 0.9%NaCl Compare With KCl Plus 0.45%NaCl	Unknown status	NCT02721095	Phase 4
3	The Effect of a Diet Based on Low Sodium and Slowly Absorbed Carbohydrates on the Incidence of Refeeding Syndrome in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer	Unknown status	NCT01845922	Phase 4
4	Dopamine in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (DAD-HF) Trial	Unknown status	NCT00937092	Phase 4	Furosemide;low-dose dopamine + low-dose furosemide
5	Monocentric STUDY, Randomised Double Blinded (Healthy Subjects, or Transversal (Patients With Gitelman Syndrome)	Completed	NCT02297048	Phase 4
6	Effect of Licorice and Hydrochlorothiazide on Plasma Potassium	Completed	NCT00605202	Phase 4	Hydrochlorothiazide
7	Safety of Continuous Potassium Chloride Infusion in Critical Care	Completed	NCT00718068	Phase 4	Sterile Potassium Chloride Concentrate;Sterile Potassium Chloride Concentrate
8	Safety and Effectiveness of Short-course AmBisome in the Treatment of PKDL in Bangladesh	Completed	NCT03311607	Phase 4	AmBisome
9	Miralax (PEG 3350) vs. Golytely as Bowel Preparation for Screening Colonoscopy	Completed	NCT01170754	Phase 4	PEG-3350 and Gatorade;Golytely 4 liters
10	Early Diuresis Following Colorectal Surgery	Completed	NCT02351934	Phase 4	Furosemide;Celecoxib;Gabapentin
11	Comparative Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Procaterol Versus Salbutamol Given Via Metered Dose Inhaler With Spacer in the Management of Acute Asthma Attack in the Emergency Room	Completed	NCT01091337	Phase 4	Procaterol;Salbutamol
12	Blood Pressure Regulation - Role of Potassium	Completed	NCT02380157	Phase 4	Kaleorid, 750mg (trade name), Potassium chloride (active substance);Placebo
13	Efficacy of Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate in the Treatment of Hyperkaliemia in Pre-dialysis Patients	Completed	NCT02065076	Phase 4	Sodium polystyrene sulfonate;Lactose with carob gum
14	Metabolism of Isotonic Versus Hypotonic Maintenance Solutions in Fasting Healthy Adults	Completed	NCT02822898	Phase 4	NaCl 0.9% in Glucose 5% with 40mEq Potassium;Glucion 5%
15	Diuretics for Postpartum High Blood Pressure in Preeclampsia	Completed	NCT02163655	Phase 4	FUROSEMIDE;Placebo
16	A Longitudinal 2-year Bone Marrow Study of Eltrombopag in Previously Treated Adults, With Chronic Immune (Idiopathic) Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)	Completed	NCT01098487	Phase 4	Eltrombopag olamine
17	Diuretics In the Management of Essential Hypertension (DIME) Study	Completed	NCT00131846	Phase 4	Thiazide diuretics;No diuretics
18	PROPHYSOME: Pilot Study on Safety of a Weekly Administration of 10mg/kg of AmBisome® in Antifungal Prophylaxis Treatment of Allogeneic Stem-cell Transplantation and Acute Leukaemia	Completed	NCT00362544	Phase 4	Ambisome
19	Effect of Entecavir in Blacks/African Americans and Hispanics With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection	Completed	NCT00371150	Phase 4	Entecavir
20	Insulin in Total Parenteral Nutrition	Completed	NCT02706119	Phase 4	Subcutaneous glargine insulin;Regular insulin added to TPN bag
21	Intravenous Fluids in Hospitalised Children	Recruiting	NCT02926989	Phase 4	Plasmalyte Glucos 50 mg/mL;0.45% saline in 5% dextrose
22	Potassium Infusion for Conversion of Atrial Fibrillation/-Flutter	Recruiting	NCT01818583	Phase 4	Potassium chloride;Glucose 50 MG/ML
23	The Impact of Neut During Potassium Chloride Replacement on Pain and Incidence of Phlebitis	Enrolling by invitation	NCT02082717	Phase 4	potassium chloride replacement;Experimental - 4% Sodium Bicarbonate
24	Comparison of Oral or Intravenous Thiazides vs Tolvaptan in Diuretic Resistant Decompensated Heart Failure	Enrolling by invitation	NCT02606253	Phase 4	tolvaptan;Chlorothiazide;Metolazone
25	Prospective Comparison of Metolazone Versus Chlorothiazide for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure With Diuretic Resistance	Enrolling by invitation	NCT03574857	Phase 4	Metolazone Oral Tablet;Chlorothiazide Injection
26	Use of Spironolactone for the Prevention of Electrolyte Abnormalities in Patients Treated With Amphotericin B	Terminated	NCT01843309	Phase 4	Spironolactone 100mg;Spironolactone 200mg;Placebo
27	Dopamine in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure II	Terminated	NCT01060293	Phase 4	High-dose furosemide;Low-dose furosemide;Low-dose furosemide combined with low-dose dopamine
28	Protocolized Diuretic Strategy in Cardiorenal Failure	Terminated	NCT01921829	Phase 4	Protocolized Diuretic Strategy
29	Tight Intra-Operative Glucose Control During Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery	Terminated	NCT00394303	Phase 4	Intraoperative continuous insulin infusion
30	ACTHAR GEL in Patients With Membranous (Class V) Lupus Nephritis	Withdrawn	NCT01926054	Phase 4	Acthar gel
31	The Management of Resistant Hypertension in Kidney Transplant Patients Using Chlorthalidone	Withdrawn	NCT02030314	Phase 4	Chlorthalidone
32	Preventing Acute Renal Failure After Cardiac Surgery in High Risk Patients Using Sodium Bicarbonate Therapy	Unknown status	NCT00522756	Phase 3	Sodium bicarbonate;Sodium chloride
33	Irbesartan/Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) Combination Therapy for Patients With Moderate Hypertension	Completed	NCT00095550	Phase 3	Irbesartan/HCTZ;Irbesartan monotherapy;HCTZ monotherapy
34	Irbesartan/Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) Combination Therapy as First Line Treatment for Severe Hypertension	Completed	NCT00095394	Phase 3	Irbesartan/HCTZ;Irbesartan monotherapy
35	Hypertension Prevention in Pre-Hypertensive Individuals	Completed	NCT00970931	Phase 3	Chlorthalidone plus amiloride;placebo
36	Diuretics and Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker Agents in Patients With Stage I Hypertension	Completed	NCT00971165	Phase 3	losartan;Chlorthalidone plus amiloride
37	SPARTACUS: Subtyping Primary Aldosteronism: a Randomized Trial Comparing Adrenal Vein Sampling and Computed Tomography Scan.	Completed	NCT01096654	Phase 3
38	Vitamin K2 Supplementation to Activate Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) as Endogenous Inhibitor of Vascular Calcification in Hemodialysis Patients	Completed	NCT01407601	Phase 3
39	Heart And Lung Failure - Pediatric INsulin Titration Trial	Completed	NCT01565941	Phase 3	Insulin;Insulin
40	Pazopanib Versus Placebo in Patients With Soft Tissue Sarcoma Whose Disease Has Progressed During or Following Prior Therapy	Completed	NCT00753688	Phase 3	PAZOPANIB;Placebo
41	Effect of Vitamin K on Age-Related Bone Loss and Vascular Calcification	Completed	NCT00183001	Phase 3	Vitamin K
42	Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone System (RAAS), Inflammation, and Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation (AF)	Completed	NCT00141778	Phase 2, Phase 3	Placebo;Ramipril;Spironolactone
43	BMS-Reyataz Study in Treatment in Naive Subjects to Compare the Efficacy and Safety Between Boosted Reyataz and Kaletra When in Combination With Fixed Dose Truvada	Completed	NCT00272779	Phase 3	ATV;RTV;Tenofovi-Emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) tablet;LPV
44	Safety and Quality of Life Study of Aflibercept in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Previously Treated With an Oxaliplatin-Based Regimen	Completed	NCT01571284	Phase 3	AFLIBERCEPT AVE0005;FOLFIRI
45	Extension Study to VEG105192 to Assess Pazopanib in Patients With Advanced/Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer	Completed	NCT00387764	Phase 3	pazopanib
46	Axitinib (AG 013736) As Second Line Therapy For Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer	Completed	NCT00678392	Phase 3	Axitinib (AG-013736);Sorafenib
47	A Clinical Trial Testing The Efficacy Of Crizotinib Versus Standard Chemotherapy Pemetrexed Plus Cisplatin Or Carboplatin In Patients With ALK Positive Non Squamous Cancer Of The Lung	Completed	NCT01154140	Phase 3	treatment;treatment
48	BIBW 2992 (Afatinib) vs Gemcitabine-cisplatin in 1st Line Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)	Completed	NCT01121393	Phase 3	Gemcitabine+Cisplatin;BIBW 2992
49	Entecavir Plus Adefovir Combination Therapy Versus Entecavir Monotherapy vs Therapy With Adefovir Plus Lamivudine for Chronic Hepatitis B Infected Subjects With Lamivudine-resistant Virus	Completed	NCT00410202	Phase 3	Entecavir;Tenofovir;Adefovir;Lamivudine
50	A Trial Comparing GSK1349572 50mg Plus Abacavir/Lamivudine Once Daily to Atripla (Also Called The SINGLE Trial)	Completed	NCT01263015	Phase 3	Dolutegravir;Atripla;Abacavir/Lamivudine;Abacavir/Lamivudine Placebo;Dolutegravir placebo;Atripla placebo

Search NIH Clinical Center for Hypokalemia

Cochrane evidence based reviews: hypokalemia

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Genetic Tests for Hypokalemia

Genetic tests related to Hypokalemia:

#	Genetic test	Affiliating Genes
1	Hypokalemia ²⁹

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Anatomical Context for Hypokalemia

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Hypokalemia:

⁴¹

Heart, Kidney, Lung, Prostate, Liver, Myeloid, Bone

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Publications for Hypokalemia

Articles related to Hypokalemia:

(show top 50) (show all 714)

#	Title	Authors	Year
1	Genetic screening for Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome pathogenic genes among individuals with hypertension and hypokalemia. ( 29953267 )	Bao M....Ma W.	2018
2	Effects of antiarrhythmics and hypokalemia on the rate adaptation of cardiac repolarization. ( 29798684 )	Osadchii O.E.	2018
3	Potential Usefulness of Early Potassium Supplementation for Preventing Severe Hypokalemia Induced by Liposomal Amphotericin B in Hematologic Patients: A Retrospective Study. ( 29305017 )	Okada N....Ishizawa K.	2018
4	Hypokalemia: a clinical update. ( 29540487 )	Kardalas E....Vryonidou A.	2018
5	Nafcillin-Associated Hypokalemia. ( 29672332 )	Rukma P....Sunil M.	2018
6	Regional anesthesia is safe and effective for lower limb orthopedic surgery in patient with renal tubular acidosis and hypokalemia. ( 29643635 )	Gurajala I....Gopinath R.	2018
7	Chest pain as a manifestation of hypokalemia in a pediatric patient. ( 29126579 )	Schiffman J.S.	2018
8	Prognostic Impact of Mild Hypokalemia in Terms of Death and Stroke in the General Population-A Prospective Population Study. ( 29024624 )	Mattsson N....Sajadieh A.	2018
9	ECG Changes of Severe Hypokalemia. ( 29490087 )	Chua C.E....Khoo E.Y.H.	2018
10	Refractory Hypokalemia from Syndrome of Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess on Low-Dose Posaconazole. ( 29661880 )	Wassermann T....Stock W.	2018
11	Clinical characterization and diagnosis of cystic fibrosis through exome sequencing in Chinese infants with Bartter-syndrome-like hypokalemia alkalosis. ( 29520692 )	Qiu L....Zhou J.	2018
12	Hypokalemia in an end stage renal disease patient. ( 29842873 )	Verma A....Youngblood L.	2018
13	Comments on the Prognostic Impact of Mild Hypokalemia. ( 29555045 )	Safiri S....Ayubi E.	2018
14	First-Episode Psychosis and Hypokalemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. ( 29944416 )	Coentre R....Levy P.	2018
15	Hypokalemia associated with pseudo-Cushing's syndrome and magnesium deficiency induced by chronic alcohol abuse. ( 29450857 )	Kurajoh M....Koyama H.	2018
16	Itraconazole induced hypertension and hypokalemia: Mechanistic evaluation. ( 29385285 )	Hoffmann W.J....Thompson G.R.	2018
17	A Young Patient with Leg Weakness and Hypokalemia-Case Report. ( 29514039 )	Andrawus E....Azzam Z.S.	2018
18	A rare case of hypokalemia-induced rhabdomyolysis. ( 29915623 )	He R....Zhang P.	2018
19	Incident Hyperkalemia, Hypokalemia, and Clinical Outcomes During Spironolactone Treatment of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Analysis of the TOPCAT Trial. ( 29572190 )	Desai A.S....Pitt B.	2018
20	Protection against severe hypokalemia but impaired cardiac repolarization after intense rowing exercise in healthy humans receiving salbutamol. ( 29745804 )	Atanasovska T....McKenna M.J.	2018
21	Hypokalemia ( 29494072 )	Castro D....Sharma S.	2018
22	Hypokalemia due to excessive cola consumption. ( 28736066 )	GarcA-a-Prieto A....Goicoechea M.	2017
23	Hypokalemia Presenting as Acute Psychosis. ( 28782327 )	Ralot T.K....Patil S.	2017
24	Persistent severe hypokalemia: Gitelman syndrome and differential diagnosis. ( 29044344 )	Molin C.Z.D....Trevisol D.J.	2017
25	Incidence and determinants of hyperkalemia and hypokalemia in a large healthcare system. ( 28735756 )	Nilsson E....Carrero J.J.	2017
26	Torsade de Pointes Induced by Hypokalemia from Imipenem and Piperacillin. ( 28638664 )	Kumar V....Stancu M.	2017
27	Diospyros rhodocalyx (Tako-Na), a Thai folk medicine, associated with hypokalemia and generalized muscle weakness: a case series. ( 28617146 )	Othong R....Wananukul W.	2017
28	Central pontine myelinolysis associated with hypokalemia in a diabetic patient with sepsis. ( 28488657 )	Shinde S.V.	2017
29	Reversible Hypokalemia and Bartter-Like Syndrome during Prolonged Systemic Therapy with Colistimethate Sodium in an Adult Patient. ( 28699114 )	Kamal Eldin T....Orlando R.	2017
30	A Rare Cause of Severe Hypokalemia and Back Pain. ( 28881192 )	Yang F....Fu D.	2017
31	Effect of Hypokalemia on Functional Outcome at 3 Months Post-Stroke Among First-Ever Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. ( 28600907 )	Gao F....Han J.F.	2017
32	Analysis of Clinical and Metabolic Profile of Acute Neuromuscular Weakness Related to Hypokalemia. ( 29468618 )	Kumar Singh A....Kumar Thacker A.	2017
33	Persistent hypokalemia with renal losses in a 31-year-old pregnant woman. ( 28732701 )	Gueguen J....Chemouny J.M.	2017
34	Hyperkalemia and Hypokalemia in CKD: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Outcomes. ( 29031358 )	Gilligan S....Raphael K.L.	2017
35	Temporal Pattern and Prognostic Significance of Hypokalemia in Patients Undergoing Targeted Temperature Management Following Cardiac Arrest. ( 28803654 )	Nayeri A....McPherson J.A.	2017
36	Weakness, Hypokalemia, and Dengue. ( 29189559 )	Wiwanitkit V.	2017
37	TETANY WITH HYPOMAGNESEMIA, HYPOKALEMIA, AND HYPOCALCEMIA AS INITIAL PRESENTATION OF CELIAC DISEASE. ( 28727665 )	Posul E....Kurt M.	2017
38	Dextrose, hypokalemia and Torsade de Pointes. ( 28062741 )	Mathur P....Namana V.	2017
39	Favorable surgical outcomes of aldosterone-producing adenoma based on lateralization by CT imaging and hypokalemia: a non-AVS-based strategy. ( 28918446 )	Li H....Li Y.	2017
40	Analysis of Hypokalemia as a Side Effect of Liposomal Amphotericin in Pediatric Patients. ( 28945677 )	Kobayashi R....Kobayashi K.	2017
41	Tumour genesis syndrome: severe hypophosphatemia and hypokalemia may be ominous presenting findings in childhood acute myeloid leukaemia. ( 28474100 )	Chan W.K....Lau W.H.	2017
42	Bowel preparation for colonoscopy and hypokalemia: at the heart of the problem! ( 28917345 )	Hassan C....Repici A.	2017
43	Quiz Page July 2017: An Unusual Cause of Hypokalemia. ( 28646983 )	Hanouneh M....Monroy Trujillo J.M.	2017
44	Meropenem Induced Hypokalemia. ( 28969183 )	Anuhya T.V....Nayak V.	2017
45	Hypokalemia during antibiotic treatment for bone and joint infections. ( 29018986 )	Falcone C....Centofanti F.	2017
46	An Overlooked Cause of Hypokalemia. ( 28687268 )	Seow C.J....Young W.F.	2017
47	Increased afterload following myocardial infarction promotes conduction-dependent arrhythmias that are unmasked by hypokalemia. ( 28798965 )	Motloch L.J....Akar F.G.	2017
48	Manifestation of hyperaldosteronism related hypokalemia in a case of anorexia nervosa. ( 28962826 )	Lai C.W....Hsiao P.J.	2017
49	Recurrent Hypokalemia leading to Flaccid Quadriparesis: A Renal or Connective Tissue Disorder. ( 29220070 )	Bansal N....Aggarwal A.	2017
50	Hypokalemia with Trifluoperazine at Therapeutic Dose. ( 28615774 )	Rehman S....Chetia D.J.	2017

Sources

Genes for Hypokalemia

Genes related to Hypokalemia (0 elite genes):

(show all 14)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence	PubmedIds
1	SLC12A3	Solute Carrier Family 12 Member 3	Protein Coding	48.34	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications Variants (show sections)	16429844 17511264 10616841 (more) 16075932 16966826 16142886 17654016 20229814 15480096 17873326
2	REN	Renin	Protein Coding	36.51	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)	12611241 8255271 8155305 (more) 7651282 10578695 10412881 11202632 11306334 15527695 16980202 17368420 8732999 10668287 14516402 17314322 19538297 8070426 7841716 8592096 9538374 8450525 19251537 12714866 12608705 12463132 11967253 11675938 11228201 17172073 15002785 9066195 1958539 17245522 12150724 10822791 10684365 10883518 8841102 8023829 18307754 15761538 14597859 20219494 19914097 18192852 12929904 8378624 8481351 2151775 18497447 11446888
3	HSD11B2	Hydroxysteroid 11-Beta Dehydrogenase 2	Protein Coding	33.7	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Disorders (show sections)	19150652 17314322 15134813 (more) 12788832 16980198
4	SLC12A1	Solute Carrier Family 12 Member 1	Protein Coding	33.2	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)	11815871
5	KCNJ1	Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily J Member 1	Protein Coding	33.04	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)	19448535
6	CACNA1S	Calcium Voltage-Gated Channel Subunit Alpha1 S	Protein Coding	31.28	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Disorders (show sections)	15185439
7	POMC	Proopiomelanocortin	Protein Coding	30.6	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)	12381548 12917066 16195775 (more) 8794827
8	BSND	Barttin CLCNK Type Accessory Beta Subunit	Protein Coding	30.42	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)	17275579
9	ACE	Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme	Protein Coding	29.04	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)	2317435 1639459 8888663 (more) 10811153 16450155 1546635 1575176 10894026
10	AQP2	Aquaporin 2	Protein Coding	28.47	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Disorders (show sections)	9822111
11	KCNH2	Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily H Member 2	Protein Coding	28.01	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)	17042915
12	CLCNKB	Chloride Voltage-Gated Channel Kb	Protein Coding	27.4	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)	18667063 11445802
13	NR3C1	Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 3 Group C Member 1	Protein Coding	26.57	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Variants (show sections)	11932321
14	CASR	Calcium Sensing Receptor	Protein Coding	26.15	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Disorders (show sections)	12191970

Sources

Variations for Hypokalemia

ClinVar genetic disease variations for Hypokalemia:

⁶

#	Gene	Variation	Type	Significance	SNP ID	Assembly	Location
1	SLC12A3	NM_000339.2(SLC12A3): c.2221G> A (p.Gly741Arg)	single nucleotide variant	Conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity	rs138977195	GRCh37	Chromosome 16, 56921879: 56921879
2	SLC12A3	NM_000339.2(SLC12A3): c.2221G> A (p.Gly741Arg)	single nucleotide variant	Conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity	rs138977195	GRCh38	Chromosome 16, 56887967: 56887967
3	SLC12A3	NM_000339.2(SLC12A3): c.457G> A (p.Val153Met)	single nucleotide variant	Uncertain significance	rs779074538	GRCh37	Chromosome 16, 56902236: 56902236
4	SLC12A3	NM_000339.2(SLC12A3): c.457G> A (p.Val153Met)	single nucleotide variant	Uncertain significance	rs779074538	GRCh38	Chromosome 16, 56868324: 56868324

Sources

Expression for Hypokalemia

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Hypokalemia.

Sources

Pathways for Hypokalemia

Pathways related to Hypokalemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Peptide hormone metabolism ⁶⁶ Show member pathways Glycoprotein hormones ⁶⁶ Insulin processing ⁶⁶ Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins ⁶⁶ Peptide hormone biosynthesis ⁶⁶ Synthesis, secretion, and deacylation of Ghrelin ⁶⁶	11.59	ACE POMC REN
2	Renin secretion ³⁷	10.94	ACE CACNA1S REN
3	Diuretics Pathway, Pharmacodynamics ⁶¹	10.48	BSND CLCNKB KCNJ1 SLC12A1 SLC12A3

Sources

GO Terms for Hypokalemia

Cellular components related to Hypokalemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	integral component of plasma membrane	GO:0005887	9.8	AQP2 BSND CASR CLCNKB KCNH2 SLC12A3
2	integral component of membrane	GO:0016021	9.7	ACE AQP2 BSND CACNA1S CASR CLCNKB
3	basolateral plasma membrane	GO:0016323	9.54	AQP2 BSND CASR
4	apical plasma membrane	GO:0016324	9.46	AQP2 CASR SLC12A1 SLC12A3
5	plasma membrane	GO:0005886	9.36	ACE AQP2 BSND CACNA1S CASR CLCNKB
6	membrane	GO:0016020	10.03	ACE AQP2 BSND CACNA1S CASR CLCNKB

Biological processes related to Hypokalemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 18)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	ion transport	GO:0006811	9.8	CACNA1S CLCNKB KCNH2 KCNJ1 SLC12A1 SLC12A3
2	potassium ion transport	GO:0006813	9.73	KCNH2 KCNJ1 SLC12A1
3	regulation of ion transmembrane transport	GO:0034765	9.73	CACNA1S CLCNKB KCNH2 KCNJ1
4	transmembrane transport	GO:0055085	9.73	AQP2 CACNA1S CLCNKB KCNH2 SLC12A1 SLC12A3
5	potassium ion transmembrane transport	GO:0071805	9.72	KCNH2 KCNJ1 SLC12A1
6	regulation of blood pressure	GO:0008217	9.63	ACE POMC REN
7	membrane depolarization during action potential	GO:0086010	9.58	CACNA1S KCNH2
8	potassium ion import	GO:0010107	9.58	KCNJ1 SLC12A1 SLC12A3
9	calcium ion import	GO:0070509	9.57	CACNA1S CASR
10	ion transmembrane transport	GO:0034220	9.55	AQP2 BSND CLCNKB KCNJ1 SLC12A1
11	cell volume homeostasis	GO:0006884	9.54	SLC12A1 SLC12A3
12	excretion	GO:0007588	9.54	AQP2 CLCNKB KCNJ1
13	amyloid-beta metabolic process	GO:0050435	9.52	ACE REN
14	sodium ion homeostasis	GO:0055078	9.51	SLC12A1 SLC12A3
15	angiotensin maturation	GO:0002003	9.49	ACE REN
16	chloride ion homeostasis	GO:0055064	9.48	SLC12A1 SLC12A3
17	chloride transmembrane transport	GO:1902476	9.26	BSND CLCNKB SLC12A1 SLC12A3
18	potassium ion homeostasis	GO:0055075	8.8	KCNH2 SLC12A1 SLC12A3

Molecular functions related to Hypokalemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	steroid binding	GO:0005496	9.46	HSD11B2 NR3C1
2	inward rectifier potassium channel activity	GO:0005242	9.43	KCNH2 KCNJ1
3	voltage-gated chloride channel activity	GO:0005247	9.4	BSND CLCNKB
4	potassium:chloride symporter activity	GO:0015379	9.37	SLC12A1 SLC12A3
5	cation:chloride symporter activity	GO:0015377	9.32	SLC12A1 SLC12A3
6	sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity	GO:0015081	9.26	SLC12A1 SLC12A3
7	sodium:potassium:chloride symporter activity	GO:0008511	9.16	SLC12A1 SLC12A3
8	sodium:chloride symporter activity	GO:0015378	8.96	SLC12A1 SLC12A3
9	voltage-gated ion channel activity	GO:0005244	8.92	CACNA1S CLCNKB KCNH2 KCNJ1

Sources

Sources for Hypokalemia

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

¹³ diseasecard

¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁵ DISEASES

¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ ExPASy

¹⁸ FDA Approved Drugs

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GeneAnalytics

²¹ GeneCards

²² GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²³ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁴ GeneReviews

²⁵ Genetics Home Reference

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HGMD

³¹ HMDB

³² HPO

³³ ICD10

³⁴ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁵ ICD9CM

³⁶ IUPHAR

³⁷ KEGG

³⁸ LifeMap

³⁹ LncRNADisease

⁴⁰ LOVD

⁴¹ MalaCards

⁴² MedGen

⁴³ MedlinePlus

⁴⁴ MeSH

⁴⁵ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁶ MGI

⁴⁷ miR2Disease

⁴⁸ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁹ NCI

⁵⁰ NCIt

⁵¹ NDF-RT

⁵² NIH Clinical Center

⁵³ NIH Rare Diseases

⁵⁴ NINDS

⁵⁵ Novoseek

⁵⁶ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁷ OMIM

⁵⁸ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁹ Orphanet

⁶⁰ PathCards

⁶¹ PharmGKB

⁶² PubMed

⁶³ PubMed Health

⁶⁴ QIAGEN

⁶⁵ R&D Systems

⁶⁶ Reactome

⁶⁷ Sino Biological

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁹ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁷⁰ SNOMED-CT via Orphanet

⁷¹ TGDB

⁷² Tocris

⁷³ UMLS

⁷⁴ UMLS via Orphanet

⁷⁵ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁶ Wikipedia