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MCID: HYP005
MIFTS: 55

Hypokalemia

Categories: Blood diseases, Metabolic diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Hypokalemia

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Hypokalemia:

Name: Hypokalemia 12 73 54 6 15
Potassium Deficiency 73 17 70
Potassium Deficiency Disorder 12 70
Hypopotassemia 12
Potassium 42

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Metabolic diseases
Anatomical: Blood diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:4500
NCIt 50 C34939
ICD10 32 E87.6
UMLS 70 C0032827 C1514284
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Summaries for Hypokalemia

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MedlinePlus : 42 Potassium is a mineral that your body needs to work properly. It is a type of electrolyte. It helps your nerves to function and muscles to contract. It helps your heartbeat stay regular. It also helps move nutrients into cells and waste products out of cells. A diet rich in potassium helps to offset some of sodium's harmful effects on blood pressure. Many people get all the potassium they need from what they eat and drink. Sources of potassium in the diet include Leafy greens, such as spinach and collards Fruit from vines, such as grapes and blackberries Root vegetables, such as carrots and potatoes Citrus fruits, such as oranges and grapefruit Your kidneys help to keep the right amount of potassium in your body. If you have chronic kidney disease, your kidneys may not remove extra potassium from the blood. Some medicines also can raise your potassium level. You may need a special diet to lower the amount of potassium that you eat.

MalaCards based summary : Hypokalemia, also known as potassium deficiency, is related to andersen cardiodysrhythmic periodic paralysis and gitelman syndrome. An important gene associated with Hypokalemia is SLC12A3 (Solute Carrier Family 12 Member 3), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Aldosterone synthesis and secretion and Glucose / Energy Metabolism. The drugs Ketorolac and Digoxin have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include prostate, colon and heart, and related phenotypes are Decreased viability and Decreased viability

Wikipedia : 73 Hypokalemia is a low level of potassium (K+) in the blood serum. Mild low potassium does not typically... more...

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Related Diseases for Hypokalemia

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Diseases related to Hypokalemia via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 1707)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 andersen cardiodysrhythmic periodic paralysis 32.3 SCN4A KCNJ5 KCNH2 CACNA1S
2 gitelman syndrome 32.0 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 REN KCNJ1 CLCNKB CASR
3 thyrotoxic periodic paralysis 32.0 SCN4A CACNA1S ADRB2
4 periodic paralyses 31.8 SCN4A CACNA1S
5 hypocalcemia, autosomal dominant 1 31.6 CLCNKB CASR BSND
6 hypokalemic periodic paralysis, type 1 31.6 SLC12A3 SCN4A KCNJ1 INS CACNA1S
7 apparent mineralocorticoid excess 31.5 REN NR3C2 NR3C1 KCNJ1 HSD11B2
8 seizures, sensorineural deafness, ataxia, mental retardation, and electrolyte imbalance 31.4 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 KCNJ1 CLCNKB BSND
9 pseudohypoaldosteronism, type i, autosomal recessive 31.3 REN NR3C2 KCNJ1
10 pseudohyperkalemia, familial, 2, due to red cell leak 31.1 SCN4A REN NR3C2 KCNJ1 ACE
11 bartter syndrome, type 3 31.0 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 REN KCNJ1 CLCNKB CASR
12 cardiac arrest 30.8 REN KCNH2 ACE
13 adenoma 30.8 REN POMC KCNJ5 HSD11B2 CASR
14 diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic, autosomal 30.8 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 REN KCNJ1 CLCNKB CASR
15 chondrocalcinosis 30.6 SLC12A3 REN CASR
16 intermediate coronary syndrome 30.6 REN INS ACE
17 microvascular complications of diabetes 3 30.5 REN INS ACE
18 bartter disease 30.5 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 REN NR3C2 KCNJ1 CLCNKB
19 hypoaldosteronism 30.5 REN POMC ACE
20 hypertension, diastolic 30.5 REN ACE
21 pre-eclampsia 30.5 REN INS HSD11B2 ADRB2 ACE
22 liddle syndrome 1 30.5 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 REN NR3C2 NR3C1 KCNJ1
23 diabetic neuropathy 30.4 REN INS ACE
24 premenstrual tension 30.3 REN POMC
25 end stage renal disease 30.3 REN INS CASR ACE
26 hyperaldosteronism, familial, type i 30.3 REN POMC NR3C2 NR3C1 KCNJ5 HSD11B2
27 retinal vascular disease 30.3 REN INS ACE
28 familial hypertension 30.2 REN NR3C2 HSD11B2
29 familial periodic paralysis 30.2 SLC12A3 SCN4A INS CACNA1S
30 graves disease 1 30.2 SCN4A POMC INS CACNA1S
31 proteinuria, chronic benign 30.1 REN INS CLCNKB ACE
32 urinary tract obstruction 30.1 REN AQP2 ACE
33 brugada syndrome 30.1 SCN4A KCNJ5 KCNH2 CACNA1S
34 lipoprotein quantitative trait locus 30.1 REN KCNJ5 KCNH2 INS ADRB2 ACE
35 nephrocalcinosis 30.1 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 KCNJ1 CLCNKB CASR
36 antenatal bartter syndrome 30.1 SLC12A1 REN KCNJ1 BSND
37 permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus 30.1 NR3C2 KCNJ5 INS
38 sleep disorder 30.1 REN POMC INS ACE
39 bartter syndrome, type 2, antenatal 30.0 SLC12A1 KCNJ1 CASR
40 heart valve disease 30.0 REN NR3C2 ACE
41 potter's syndrome 30.0 REN INS ACE
42 lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia 30.0 REN POMC CYP17A1
43 inappropriate adh syndrome 30.0 REN POMC AQP2 ACE
44 gastrinoma 29.9 POMC INS CASR
45 primary hyperparathyroidism 29.9 POMC INS CASR ACE
46 perinephritis 29.9 REN ADRB2 ACE
47 placenta disease 29.9 SLC12A1 REN KCNJ1 INS
48 acute adrenal insufficiency 29.9 REN POMC
49 ureteral obstruction 29.9 SLC12A1 NR3C2 AQP2
50 sleep apnea 29.9 REN INS ACE

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Hypokalemia:



Diseases related to Hypokalemia
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Hypokalemia

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GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Hypokalemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

26
# Description GenomeRNAi Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 Decreased viability GR00106-A-0 9.96 NR3C1
2 Decreased viability GR00249-S 9.96 CYP17A1 HSD11B2 KCNJ1 SCN4A SLC12A1 SLC12A3
3 Decreased viability GR00342-S-2 9.96 ADRB2
4 Decreased viability GR00342-S-3 9.96 ADRB2
5 Decreased viability GR00381-A-1 9.96 ADRB2 HSD11B2 KCNJ5
6 Decreased viability GR00381-A-3 9.96 ADRB2 KCNJ5
7 Decreased viability GR00386-A-1 9.96 CACNA1S NR3C2 POMC
8 Decreased viability GR00402-S-2 9.96 KCNJ5 SLC12A1 SLC12A3
9 Increased the percentage of infected cells GR00402-S-1 8.32 ADRB2

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Hypokalemia:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.34 ACE ADRB2 AQP2 BSND CACNA1S CASR
2 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 10.31 ACE ADRB2 BSND CACNA1S CYP17A1 HSD11B2
3 growth/size/body region MP:0005378 10.27 ACE ADRB2 AQP2 BSND CACNA1S CASR
4 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.23 ACE ADRB2 AQP2 BSND CACNA1S CASR
5 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 10.1 ACE ADRB2 AQP2 BSND CASR INS
6 mortality/aging MP:0010768 10.06 ACE AQP2 BSND CACNA1S CASR CYP17A1
7 adipose tissue MP:0005375 10 ACE ADRB2 CACNA1S CYP17A1 INS NR3C1
8 muscle MP:0005369 9.65 ADRB2 CACNA1S CASR HSD11B2 INS KCNH2
9 renal/urinary system MP:0005367 9.47 ACE AQP2 BSND CASR CLCNKB HSD11B2
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Hypokalemia

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Drugs for Hypokalemia (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 702)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Ketorolac Approved Phase 4 74103-06-3, 66635-83-4 3826
2
Digoxin Approved Phase 4 20830-75-5 30322 2724385
3
Irbesartan Approved, Investigational Phase 4 138402-11-6 3749
4
Ranolazine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 142387-99-3, 95635-55-5 56959
5
Mifepristone Approved, Investigational Phase 4 84371-65-3 55245
6
Progesterone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 57-83-0 5994
7
Licorice Approved Phase 4
8
Chlorthalidone Approved Phase 4 77-36-1 2732
9
Amlodipine Approved Phase 4 88150-42-9 2162
10
Acetazolamide Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 59-66-5 1986
11
Sodium sulfate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 7757-82-6
12
Magnesium citrate Approved Phase 4 3344-18-1
13
Ephedrine Approved Phase 4 299-42-3 9294
14
Phenylephrine Approved Phase 4 59-42-7 6041
15
Pseudoephedrine Approved Phase 4 90-82-4 7028
16
Oxymetazoline Approved, Investigational Phase 4 1491-59-4 4636
17
Hydrogen peroxide Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 7722-84-1 784
18
Cefdinir Approved Phase 4 91832-40-5 6915944
19
Ceftazidime Approved Phase 4 78439-06-2, 72558-82-8 5481173
20
Azithromycin Approved Phase 4 83905-01-5 447043 55185
21
Iodine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 7553-56-2 807
22
Copper Approved, Investigational Phase 4 7440-50-8 27099
23
Zinc Approved, Investigational Phase 4 7440-66-6 32051
24
Selenium Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 7782-49-2
25
Magnesium oxide Approved Phase 4 1309-48-4 14792
26
Glycerol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 56-81-5 753
27
Thymol Approved Phase 4 89-83-8 6989
28
Allopurinol Approved Phase 4 315-30-0 2094
29
Bumetanide Approved Phase 4 28395-03-1 2471
30
Dimenhydrinate Approved Phase 4 523-87-5 441281
31
Silicon Approved, Investigational Phase 4 7440-21-3 4082203
32
Chromium Approved Phase 4 7440-47-3 27668
33
Molybdenum Approved Phase 4 7439-98-7 185498
34
Hyaluronic acid Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 9004-61-9 53477741
35
Sorbitol Approved Phase 4 50-70-4 5780
36
Prucalopride Approved Phase 4 179474-81-8
37
Latanoprost Approved, Investigational Phase 4 130209-82-4 5282380 5311221
38 Cranberry Approved, Investigational Phase 4
39
Rabeprazole Approved, Investigational Phase 4 117976-89-3 5029
40
Icatibant Approved, Investigational Phase 4 130308-48-4, 138614-30-9 71364
41
Insulin aspart Approved Phase 4 116094-23-6 16132418
42
Verteporfin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 129497-78-5
43
Potassium citrate Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 866-84-2
44
Methylprednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 83-43-2 6741
45
Prednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-24-8 5755
46
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Approved Phase 4 2921-57-5
47
Prednisolone phosphate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 302-25-0
48
Prednisolone acetate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 52-21-1
49
Eplerenone Approved Phase 4 107724-20-9 443872 150310
50
tannic acid Approved Phase 4 1401-55-4

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 608)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Efficacy of KCl Plus 0.9%NaCl Compare With KCl Plus 0.45%NaCl for Correction of Hypokalemia in Hospitalized Patients Unknown status NCT02721095 Phase 4
2 Comparison of Enteral Versus Intravenous Potassium Supplementation in Hypokalemia in Post Cardiac Surgery Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Patients - Prospective Open Label Randomized Control Trial Unknown status NCT02015962 Phase 4 Intravenous potassium chloride;Oral potassium chloride
3 Efficacy and Safety of Shenyankangfu Tablets for Primary Glomerulonephritis-a Multicentre, Prospective, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Unknown status NCT02063100 Phase 4 Shenyankangfu tablets;Losartan potassium 50mg;Shenyankangfu tablets and Losartan potassium 50mg;Shenyankangfu tablets and Losartan potassium 100mg;Losartan potassium 100mg
4 Gut-kidney Axis: Renal Effects of Meditarranean Diet and Low-protein Diet With Ketoacids to Restore Physiological Intestinal Mibrobiota in Chronic Kidney Disease Unknown status NCT02302287 Phase 4
5 Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Oral Sulfate Solution (OSS) and 2L Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) With Ascorbic Acid (Asc) for Bowel Preparation of Elderly People: A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Study Unknown status NCT03520361 Phase 4 Oral sulfate solution (OSS);2L PEG/Asc
6 Efficacy and Safety of Abelmoschus Manihot for IgA Nephropathy: a Multicentre, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Randomized Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT02231125 Phase 4 Losartan;Abelmoschus manihot
7 An Oral Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Regimen to Prevent Bacteremia Following Unknown status NCT02783404 Phase 4 Amoxicillin;Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate
8 Clinical Efficacy of Potassium Canrenoate - Canrenone in Sinus Rhythm Restoration Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Elevated Blood Pressure - a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Unknown status NCT03536806 Phase 4 Saline 0.9%;Canrenone
9 A Randomized, Blank Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Trial of the Effection of Potassium Citrate Extended-release Tablets on Urolithiasis Formation or Recurrence Unknown status NCT03007160 Phase 4 Potassium Citrate Extended-release Tablets
10 IM Ketorolac vs Diclofenac Potassium Powder for Oral Solution (Cambia) for the Acute Treatment of Severe Migraine Unknown status NCT02664116 Phase 4 Diclofenac postassium powder for oral solution and placebo injection;Ketorolac intramuscular injection and placebo oral solution
11 Remission From Stage D Heart Failure (RESTAGE-HF) Unknown status NCT01774656 Phase 4 Pharmacological Treatment
12 Assessment of the Effects of the Combination of Spironolactone to Conventional Pharmacotherapy in Dialysis Patients Unknown status NCT01128101 Phase 4 Spironolactone
13 Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism Clinical Evaluation in Atherosclerosis Add-On Unknown status NCT03597035 Phase 4 Spironolactone
14 Impact of Irbesartan on Oxidative Stress and C-Reactive Protein Levels in Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Unknown status NCT00613496 Phase 4 irbesartan;placebo
15 Evaluating the Effect of Spironolactone on Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy-- a Multicenter Randomized Control Trial Unknown status NCT02948998 Phase 4 Spironolactone
16 Management of Ischemic Heart Disease With Angiwell-XR (Ranolazine) Unknown status NCT03486561 Phase 4 Ranolazine
17 The Orange-III Trial: Optimised Recovery With Movicol® Preoperatively Within an Enhanced Recovery Programme, a Randomised Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT01429779 Phase 4 Movicol
18 Helicobacter Pylori Eradication Using a Bismuth Quadruple Therapy Among Asymptomatically Infected Adults in El Paso, Texas: A Pilot Study. Unknown status NCT01335334 Phase 4 bismuth subcitrate potassium, metronidazole,tetracycline hydrochloride and omeprazole
19 GRIP-COMPASS Trial: Computer-driven Glucose and Potassium Regulation Program in Intensive Care Patients With COMparison of PotASSium Targets Within normokAlemic Range Completed NCT01085071 Phase 4 Potassium Chloride;Potassium Chloride
20 A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial: Effects of Oral Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation in Patients on Haemodialysis Completed NCT02692378 Phase 4 sodium bicarbonate 500mg capsules
21 Assessing the Safety of a Continuous Potassium Chloride Infusion in Critical Care: A Randomised Controlled Trial Completed NCT00718068 Phase 4 Sterile Potassium Chloride Concentrate;Sterile Potassium Chloride Concentrate
22 Monocentric STUDY, Randomised Double Blinded (Healthy Subjects, or Transversal (Patients With Gitelman Syndrome) Completed NCT02297048 Phase 4
23 Fluid Therapy in Acutely Ill Children - a Randomized Controlled Trial Completed NCT02926989 Phase 4 Plasmalyte Glucos 50 mg/mL;0.45% saline in 5% dextrose
24 Effect of Licorice and Hydrochlorothiazide on Plasma Potassium Completed NCT00605202 Phase 4 Hydrochlorothiazide
25 The Relationship Between Serine Threonine Kinase 39 (STK39) Genotypes, Salt Sensitivity, Thiazide Diuretics-induced Blood Pressure Response Completed NCT00896389 Phase 4 Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
26 Phase 4 Study on the Comparison Between Combined Versus Sequential Diuretic Treatment of Moderate Ascites in Nonazotemic Patients With Cirrhosis Completed NCT00741663 Phase 4 Spironolactone and furosemide;Spironolactone and furosemide
27 Efficacy and Safety of Ilaprazole Based Bismuth-containing Quadruple Regimen for the First-line Treatment of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Completed NCT02835560 Phase 4 Ilaprazole antisecretory drug of each quadruple therapy the Ilaprazole -based quadruple therapy;Esoprazole antisecretory drug of each quadruple therapy Esoprazole-based quadruple therapy
28 Metabolism of Isotonic Versus Hypotonic Maintenance Solutions in Fasting Healthy Adults, a Single-Blind Randomized Crossover Trial Completed NCT02822898 Phase 4 NaCl 0.9% in Glucose 5% with 40mEq Potassium;Glucion 5%
29 Clinical Investigation on the Effects of Reducing Microalbuminuria in Hypertensive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes - SMART2 Completed NCT01461499 Phase 4 Aliskiren;any angiotensin receptor blockers
30 Preloading Magnesium Attenuate Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity Completed NCT02481518 Phase 4 Magnesium
31 A Randomized Placebo Controlled Double Blind Investigation of the Effects of Potassium Citrate on Bone Metabolism in Postmenopausal Osteopenia Completed NCT00357331 Phase 4 potassium citrate
32 A 12 Week, Open, Randomized, Parallel, Multicenter Study of Efficacy, Tolerability & Safety of Hydrochlorothiazide (+) Losartan Potassium Versus Amlodipine in Essential Hypertensive Patients. Completed NCT00157963 Phase 4 MK0954A; hydrochlorothiazide (+) losartan potassium / Duration of Treatment: 12 weeks
33 A Phase 4, Open-Label Study of the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Diclofenac Potassium Oral Solution in Pediatric Subjects (Ages 2-12 Years) With Mild to Moderate Acute Pain Completed NCT02287350 Phase 4 diclofenac potassium oral solution
34 Evaluation Of Fluoride Uptake By Dentine Following Pretreatment With Silver Diamine Fluoride And Potassium Iodide Under Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Restoration Versus Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Restoration Alone In Carious Primary Molars: (In Vitro Study) Completed NCT04777968 Phase 4 Silver diamine fluoride
35 A Phase 4, Open-Label Study of the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Cambia® (Diclofenac Potassium for Oral Solution) for the Acute Treatment of Migraine Attacks With or Without Aura in Pediatric Subjects (Ages 12-17 Years) Completed NCT02287376 Phase 4 Diclofenac Potassium for Oral Solution
36 A Multicenter, Randomized, Open Label Comparative Study Of Azithromycin Extended Release (ZMAX) Versus Amoxicillin/Clavulanate Potassium In Subjects With Acute Bacterial Sinusitis (ABS) In A Physician Practice Environment Completed NCT00367120 Phase 4 Azithromycin Extended Release;Amoxicillin/Clavulanate
37 The Effects of Olmesartan Medoxomil, Losartan Potassium, and Atenolol on Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight and Obese Subjects With Hypertension Completed NCT00185094 Phase 4 Olmesartan medoxomil;Losartan potassium;Atenolol
38 A Randomized, Open-label, Comparative, Non-inferiority, Multicenter Study to Compare Efficacy of Losartan Potassium Group and Carvedilol Group on Arterial Stiffness in Essential Hypertension Patients Completed NCT00496834 Phase 4 losartan potassium;Comparator: carvedilol;Comparator: losartan (+) hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ);Comparator: carvedilol (+) hydrochlorothiazide
39 Sodium-Potassium Blood Pressure Trial in Children Completed NCT00000521 Phase 4
40 Potassium Infusion for Conversion of Atrial Fibrillation/-Flutter Completed NCT01818583 Phase 4 Potassium chloride;Glucose 50 MG/ML
41 Diclophenac Potassium Versus Ceftazidime for Reduction of Post ERCP Pancreatitis in Average Risk Patients-double Blind, Randomised Controlled Trial Completed NCT01784445 Phase 4 Ceftazidime
42 Effectiveness of Pre-surgical Hand Washing in Reducing Bacterial Load, Using an Alcoholic Solution of Chlorhexidine Digluconate and Potassium Sorbate Completed NCT04454619 Phase 4 Hand antisepsis with Clorhexidine and solution
43 Oral Potassium Supplementation in Healthy Men - Interactions With the Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone System and the Sympathetic Nervous System Completed NCT02380157 Phase 4 Kaleorid, 750mg (trade name), Potassium chloride (active substance);Placebo
44 Effect of Oral Decontamination Using Chlorhexidine or Potassium Permanganate in ICU Patients: an Open-Labelled Randomized Controlled Trial Completed NCT00610324 Phase 4 Chlorhexidine gluconate;Potassium permanganate
45 Effect of Glucose-insulin-potassium Solution on Myocardial Protection During Off-pump Coronary Bypass Surgery in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Completed NCT01384656 Phase 4 GIK solution
46 A Randomized, Double-blind, Multi-center, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Group Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Diclofenac Potassium 25 mg Tablet Taken Three Times Daily in Subjects With Acute Joint Pain Completed NCT01666197 Phase 4 diclofenac potassium 25 mg tablet;placebo
47 Protocol Merck 318-00: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Parallel, Clinical Trial To Study The Effect Of Losartan Potassium On Endothelial Dysfunction And Insulin Resistance In Obese Patients With Impaired Fasting Glucose Completed NCT00675987 Phase 4 losartan;Placebo control
48 Effect of Varied Dialysate Bicarbonate Levels on Phosphate and Potassium Removal: A Pilot Study Completed NCT01930370 Phase 4 Bicarbonate hemodialysis solution (low concentration);Bicarbonate hemodialysis solution (high concentration)
49 Value of Liquid Potassium Magnesium Citrate in Controlling Hypertension Completed NCT02653560 Phase 4 Potassium chloride powder;Potassium magnesium Citrate (KMgCit);Potassium citrate powder;Placebo
50 Efficacy of Potassium Sodium Hydrogen Citrate Therapy on Renal Stone Recurrence and/or Residual Fragments After Shockwave Lithotripsy and Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis Completed NCT01329042 Phase 4 Potassium-sodium citrate

Search NIH Clinical Center for Hypokalemia

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Genetic Tests for Hypokalemia

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Anatomical Context for Hypokalemia

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Hypokalemia:

40
Prostate, Colon, Heart, Liver, Skeletal Muscle, Skin, Bone
Sources

Publications for Hypokalemia

About this section

Articles related to Hypokalemia:

(show top 50) (show all 8375)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Trend in potassium intake and Na/K ratio in the Italian adult population between the 2008 and 2018 CUORE project surveys. 42
33546944 2021
2
NMR structural study on the self-trimerization of d(GTTAGG) into a dynamic trimolecular G-quadruplex assembly preferentially in Na+ solution with a moderate K+ tolerance. 42
33524157 2021
3
Preoperative risk factors including serum levels of potassium, sodium, and creatinine for early mortality after open abdominal surgery: a retrospective cohort study. 42
33499844 2021
4
Mineralocorticoid antagonists treatment versus surgery in primary aldosteronism. 61 54
20119883 2010
5
Feline primary hyperaldosteronism. 61 54
20219494 2010
6
Juxtaglomerular cell tumor of the kidney--a new classification scheme. 54 61
19914097 2010
7
Distal potassium handling based on flow modulation of maxi-K channel activity. 54 61
19448535 2009
8
Analysis of claudin genes in pediatric patients with Bartter's syndrome. 61 54
19538297 2009
9
The (+)- and (-)-gossypols potently inhibit human and rat 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. 54 61
19150652 2009
10
Bartter's syndrome with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 61 54
19251537 2009
11
Diagnostic accuracy of adrenal venous sampling in comparison with other parameters in primary aldosteronism. 61 54
18497447 2008
12
Phase I clinical trial of a selective inhibitor of CYP17, abiraterone acetate, confirms that castration-resistant prostate cancer commonly remains hormone driven. 54 61
18645193 2008
13
[Severe hypokalemia after holidays return]. 54 61
19055123 2008
14
Gitelman syndrome. 61 54
18667063 2008
15
Selection of patients for surgery for primary aldosteronism. 54 61
18307754 2008
16
Changes of liver and muscle enzymes activity in patients with rigor. 54 61
18249306 2008
17
Reninoma: case report and literature review. 61 54
18192852 2008
18
Novel mutations in the SLC12A3 gene causing Gitelman's syndrome in Swedes. 54 61
17654016 2007
19
[11beta-hydroxysteroide dehydrogenases. Recent advances]. 61 54
17368420 2007
20
[Clinical significance of thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter gene by mutational analysis]. 61 54
17511264 2007
21
Impaired protein stability of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2: a novel mechanism of apparent mineralocorticoid excess. 54 61
17314322 2007
22
A compound heterozygous mutation in the CYP17 (17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase) gene in a Chinese subject with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. 54 61
17379008 2007
23
P450c17 deficiency: clinical and molecular characterization of six patients. 54 61
17192295 2007
24
Severe hypokalemia, rhabdomyolysis, muscle paralysis, and respiratory impairment in a hypertensive patient taking herbal medicines containing licorice. 61 54
17473492 2007
25
Loss of consciousness and hypokalemia in an elderly man with a mutation of the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter gene. 61 54
16966826 2006
26
Inherited renal tubulopathies associated with metabolic alkalosis: effects on blood pressure. 61 54
17275579 2006
27
Cortisol metabolism in hypertension. 54 61
16980198 2006
28
A patient with cystinosis presenting transient features of Bartter syndrome. 61 54
17172073 2006
29
Clinical review: Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis: a diagnostic challenge. 54 61
16608889 2006
30
A novel compound heterozygous mutation of K494_V495 deletion plus R496L and D487_F489 deletion in extreme C-terminus of cytochrome P450c17 causes 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. 61 54
16483711 2006
31
Genetic variations of HSD11B2 in hypertensive patients and in the general population, six rare missense/frameshift mutations. 61 54
16778331 2006
32
A novel mutation of the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter gene in a Japanese family with Gitelman syndrome. 61 54
16429844 2006
33
Chondrocalcinosis secondary to hypomagnesemia in Gitelman's syndrome. 61 54
16142886 2005
34
VIPomas: an update in diagnosis and management in a series of 11 patients. 61 54
16001675 2005
35
A rare case of Gitelman's syndrome presenting with hypocalcemia and osteopenia. 54 61
16075932 2005
36
Evolution of diagnostic criteria for primary aldosteronism: why is it more common in "drug-resistant" hypertension today? 61 54
15527695 2004
37
G2736A polymorphism of thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter gene predisposes to hypertension in young women. 54 61
15480096 2004
38
Apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome: an overview. 61 54
15761540 2004
39
The syndromes of low-renin hypertension: "separating the wheat from the chaff". 61 54
15761538 2004
40
Stimulation of NHE3 in OKP cells by an autocrine mechanism. 61 54
14752245 2004
41
Two prevalent CYP17 mutations and genotype-phenotype correlations in 24 Brazilian patients with 17-hydroxylase deficiency. 61 54
14715827 2004
42
P450c17 deficiency in Brazilian patients: biochemical diagnosis through progesterone levels confirmed by CYP17 genotyping. 61 54
14671162 2003
43
[Chondrocalcinosis and hypomagnesaemia in a patient with a new mutation in the gene of the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter]. 54 61
15002785 2003
44
Successful treatment of primary aldosteronism due to computed tomography-negative microadenoma. 61 54
14516402 2003
45
Two homozygous mutations in the 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene in a case of apparent mineralocorticoid excess. 54 61
12788846 2003
46
Hypertension and the cortisol-cortisone shuttle. 61 54
12788832 2003
47
Cushing's syndrome from ectopic production of corticotropin by a metastatic gastrinoma. 61 54
12917066 2003
48
A new mutation, R563Q, of the beta subunit of the epithelial sodium channel associated with low-renin, low-aldosterone hypertension. 61 54
12714866 2003
49
New aspects on primary aldosteronism. 61 54
12608705 2003
50
A calcitonin and vasoactive intestinal peptide-producing pancreatic endocrine tumor associated with the WDHA syndrome. 61 54
14716055 2003
Sources

Variations for Hypokalemia

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Hypokalemia:

6
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID Position
1 SLC12A3 NM_001126108.2(SLC12A3):c.2221G>A (p.Gly741Arg) SNV Pathogenic 208612 rs138977195 GRCh37: 16:56921879-56921879
GRCh38: 16:56887967-56887967
2 SLC12A3 NM_001126108.2(SLC12A3):c.457G>A (p.Val153Met) SNV Uncertain significance 523358 rs779074538 GRCh37: 16:56902236-56902236
GRCh38: 16:56868324-56868324
3 CLDN10 NM_006984.5(CLDN10):c.431C>T (p.Thr144Met) SNV Uncertain significance 694635 rs374187735 GRCh37: 13:96212684-96212684
GRCh38: 13:95560430-95560430
Sources

Expression for Hypokalemia

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Hypokalemia.
Sources

Pathways for Hypokalemia

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Pathways related to Hypokalemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Aldosterone synthesis and secretion 36
Show member pathways
 12.62 POMC KCNJ5 INS CYP17A1 CACNA1S
2
Glucose / Energy Metabolism 4
12.27 KCNH2 INS CYP17A1 AQP2
3
Dopamine-DARPP32 Feedback onto cAMP Pathway 63
12.03 KCNJ5 KCNJ1 KCNH2 CACNA1S
4
Peptide hormone metabolism 65
Show member pathways
 11.82 REN POMC INS ACE
5
Metabolism of steroid hormones 65
Show member pathways
 11.51 POMC HSD11B2 CYP17A1
6
Agents Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin System Pathway, Pharmacodynamics 60
Show member pathways
 11.48 REN NR3C2 ACE
7
Renin secretion 36
11.3 REN CACNA1S ADRB2 ACE
8
Antiarrhythmic Pathway, Pharmacodynamics 60
11.25 KCNJ5 KCNH2 ADRB2
9
Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption 36
10.82 NR3C2 KCNJ1 INS HSD11B2
10
Diuretics Pathway, Pharmacodynamics 60
10.48 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 KCNJ1 CLCNKB BSND
Sources

GO Terms for Hypokalemia

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Cellular components related to Hypokalemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 integral component of membrane GO:0016021 10 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 SCN4A KCNJ5 KCNJ1 KCNH2
2 integral component of plasma membrane GO:0005887 9.86 SLC12A3 SCN4A KCNH2 CLCNKB CASR BSND
3 plasma membrane GO:0005886 9.8 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 SCN4A REN KCNJ5 KCNJ1
4 apical plasma membrane GO:0016324 9.72 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 CASR AQP2 ADRB2
5 membrane GO:0016020 9.55 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 SCN4A REN NR3C2 KCNJ5
6 voltage-gated potassium channel complex GO:0008076 9.54 KCNJ5 KCNJ1 KCNH2

Biological processes related to Hypokalemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 17)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 transmembrane transport GO:0055085 9.95 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 SCN4A KCNH2 CLCNKB CACNA1S
2 ion transport GO:0006811 9.86 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 SCN4A KCNJ5 KCNJ1 KCNH2
3 ion transmembrane transport GO:0034220 9.8 SLC12A1 KCNJ5 KCNJ1 KCNH2 CLCNKB BSND
4 sodium ion transmembrane transport GO:0035725 9.73 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 SCN4A
5 potassium ion transport GO:0006813 9.73 SLC12A1 KCNJ5 KCNJ1 KCNH2
6 regulation of blood pressure GO:0008217 9.63 REN POMC ACE
7 membrane depolarization during action potential GO:0086010 9.57 SCN4A KCNH2
8 amyloid-beta metabolic process GO:0050435 9.55 REN ACE
9 chloride transmembrane transport GO:1902476 9.55 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 CLCNKB CASR BSND
10 membrane repolarization during ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential GO:0098915 9.54 KCNJ5 KCNH2
11 potassium ion homeostasis GO:0055075 9.54 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 KCNH2
12 angiotensin maturation GO:0002003 9.52 REN ACE
13 chloride ion homeostasis GO:0055064 9.51 SLC12A3 SLC12A1
14 intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway GO:0030518 9.49 NR3C2 NR3C1
15 glucocorticoid biosynthetic process GO:0006704 9.48 HSD11B2 CYP17A1
16 regulation of ion transmembrane transport GO:0034765 9.43 SCN4A KCNJ5 KCNJ1 KCNH2 CLCNKB CACNA1S
17 potassium ion import across plasma membrane GO:1990573 9.02 SLC12A3 SLC12A1 KCNJ5 KCNJ1 KCNH2

Molecular functions related to Hypokalemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 insulin-like growth factor receptor binding GO:0005159 9.43 REN INS
2 voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization GO:1902282 9.4 KCNJ5 KCNH2
3 potassium:chloride symporter activity GO:0015379 9.37 SLC12A3 SLC12A1
4 steroid binding GO:0005496 9.33 NR3C2 NR3C1 HSD11B2
5 cation:chloride symporter activity GO:0015377 9.32 SLC12A3 SLC12A1
6 sodium:potassium:chloride symporter activity GO:0008511 9.26 SLC12A3 SLC12A1
7 inward rectifier potassium channel activity GO:0005242 9.13 KCNJ5 KCNJ1 KCNH2
8 voltage-gated ion channel activity GO:0005244 9.1 SCN4A KCNJ5 KCNJ1 KCNH2 CLCNKB CACNA1S
Sources

Sources for Hypokalemia

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
20 GARD
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 05-Apr-2021)
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 Tocris
70 UMLS
71 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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