Ichthyosis, Congenital, Autosomal Recessive 4b (ARCI4B)

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Disease Ontology 12 DOID:0060713 OMIM® 57 242500 OMIM Phenotypic Series 57 PS242300 KEGG 36 H00733 MeSH 44 D017490 ICD10 32 Q80.4

ICD10 via Orphanet 33 Q80.4 UMLS via Orphanet 72 C0239849 C0598226 Orphanet 58 ORPHA457 MedGen 41 C0239849 C0598226 SNOMED-CT via HPO 68 127559009 128306009 16046003 18265008 193570009 200948000 213026003 247053007 248062006 249765007 254156001 258211005 268282005 26996000 282020008 34095006 367494004 396228006 396349005 396350005 399955009 399992009 400005007 405501007 409623005 49550006 62218008 62909004 81793007 95281009 more UMLS 71 C0239849 C0598226

OMIM® : ⁵⁷ Harlequin ichthyosis is a rare severe form of congenital ichthyosis, which may be fatal. The neonate is encased in an 'armor' of thick scale plates separated by deep fissures. There is bilateral ectropion and eclabium, and the nose and ears are flattened and appear rudimentary. Constricting bands around the extremities can restrict movement and cause digital necrosis. As the skin barrier is severely compromised, neonates are more prone to sepsis, dehydration, and impaired thermoregulation. Treatment with oral retinoids encourages shedding of the grossly thickened skin. Babies who survive into infancy and beyond develop skin changes resembling severe nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (see 242300) (summary by Rajpopat et al., 2011). At the First Ichthyosis Consensus Conference in Soreze in 2009, the term 'autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis' (ARCI) was designated to encompass lamellar ichthyosis (LI), nonbullous congenital ichthyosis erythroderma (NCIE), and harlequin ichthyosis (Oji et al., 2010). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, see ARCI1 (242300). (242500) (Updated 05-Mar-2021)

MalaCards based summary : Ichthyosis, Congenital, Autosomal Recessive 4b, also known as harlequin ichthyosis, is related to ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 4a and ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 2. An important gene associated with Ichthyosis, Congenital, Autosomal Recessive 4b is ABCA12 (ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 12), and among its related pathways/superpathways are ABC transporters and Keratinization. Affiliated tissues include skin, eye and heart, and related phenotypes are recurrent respiratory infections and hyperkeratosis

Disease Ontology : ¹² An autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis characterized by severe neonatal ichthyosis with bilateral ectropion and eclabium, flattened and rudimentary nose and ears. constricting bands around the extremities and frequently lethality during infancy that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the ABCA12 gene on chromosome 2q35.

MedlinePlus Genetics : ⁴³ Harlequin ichthyosis is a severe genetic disorder that mainly affects the skin. Infants with this condition are born with very hard, thick skin covering most of their bodies. The skin forms large, diamond-shaped plates that are separated by deep cracks (fissures). These skin abnormalities affect the shape of the eyelids, nose, mouth, and ears, and limit movement of the arms and legs. Restricted movement of the chest can lead to breathing difficulties and respiratory failure.The skin normally forms a protective barrier between the body and its surrounding environment. The skin abnormalities associated with harlequin ichthyosis disrupt this barrier, making it more difficult for affected infants to control water loss, regulate their body temperature, and fight infections. Infants with harlequin ichthyosis often experience an excessive loss of fluids (dehydration) and develop life-threatening infections in the first few weeks of life. It used to be very rare for affected infants to survive the newborn period. However, with intensive medical support and improved treatment, people with this disorder now have a better chance of living into childhood and adolescence.

GARD : ²⁰ Harlequin ichthyosis is a severe genetic disorder that mainly affects the skin. The newborn infant is covered with plates of thick skin that crack and split apart. The thick plates can pull at and distort facial features and can restrict breathing and eating. Mutations in the ABCA12 gene cause harlequin ichthyosis. This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.

KEGG : ³⁶ Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is the most devastating form of congenital ichthyosis. The newborn with this disease show severe hyperkeratosis and scales with fissures over the whole body, pronounced ectropion, and impaired contraction of ears and limbs. HI is associated with truncations/deletions in ABCA12, an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters with lipid transporter activity in keratinocytes.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot : ⁷³ Ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 4B: A rare, very severe form of congenital ichthyosis, in which the neonate is born with a thick covering of armor-like scales. The skin dries out to form hard diamond-shaped plaques separated by fissures, resembling 'armor plating'. The normal facial features are severely affected, with distortion of the lips (eclabion), eyelids (ectropion), ears, and nostrils. Affected babies are often born prematurely and rarely survive the perinatal period. Babies who survive into infancy and beyond develop skin changes resembling severe non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma.

Wikipedia : ⁷⁴ Harlequin-type ichthyosis is a genetic disorder that results in thickened skin over nearly the entire... more...

Clinical features from OMIM®:

242500 (Updated 05-Mar-2021)

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