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MCID: INF032
MIFTS: 60

Infertility

Categories: Reproductive diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Infertility

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Infertility:

Name: Infertility 12 29 54 6 42 3 44 15 62 39 17 70

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Reproductive diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:5223
MeSH 44 D007246
NCIt 50 C3836
SNOMED-CT 67 8619003
UMLS 70 C0021359
Sources

Summaries for Infertility

About this section
MedlinePlus : 42 Infertility means not being able to become pregnant after a year of trying. If a woman can get pregnant but keeps having miscarriages or stillbirths, that's also called infertility. Infertility is fairly common. After one year of having unprotected sex, about 15 percent of couples are unable to get pregnant. About a third of the time, infertility can be traced to the woman. In another third of cases, it is because of the man. The rest of the time, it is because of both partners or no cause can be found. There are treatments that are specifically for men or for women. Some involve both partners. Drugs, assisted reproductive technology, and surgery are common treatments. Happily, many couples treated for infertility go on to have babies. NIH: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

MalaCards based summary : Infertility is related to male infertility and spermatogenic failure 9, and has symptoms including pelvic pain An important gene associated with Infertility is DNAH5 (Dynein Axonemal Heavy Chain 5), and among its related pathways/superpathways are DAG and IP3 signaling and cAMP signaling pathway. The drugs Tamoxifen and Dienogest have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include ovary, testis and uterus, and related phenotypes are cellular and digestive/alimentary

CDC : 3 In general, infertility is defined as not being able to get pregnant (conceive) after one year (or longer) of unprotected sex. Because fertility in women is known to decline steadily with age, some providers evaluate and treat women aged 35 years or older after 6 months of unprotected sex. Women with infertility should consider making an appointment with a reproductive endocrinologist-a doctor who specializes in managing infertility. Reproductive endocrinologists may also be able to help women with recurrent pregnancy loss, defined as having two or more spontaneous miscarriages.

PubMed Health : 62 About infertility: Not being able to have children is often a source of great emotional turmoil. Many men and women take it for granted that they will be able to have children. If they are not able to conceive, many couples start looking for medical help at some point. A number of different treatments are available, depending on the possible causes of infertility. Problems conceiving a child are defined by medical experts as “infertility” if a couple has had regular unprotected sex for one year without the woman becoming pregnant.

Wikipedia : 73 Infertility is the inability of a person, animal or plant to reproduce by natural means. It is usually... more...

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Related Diseases for Infertility

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Diseases in the Infertility family:

Infertility Due to Extratesticular Cause

Diseases related to Infertility via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 1020)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 male infertility 33.8 NR5A1 NPHP4 LHCGR INHA FSHR FSHB
2 spermatogenic failure 9 32.9 EPPIN DNAH1 AURKC
3 oocyte maturation defect 1 32.7 TUBB8 CYP19A1
4 endometriosis 32.5 NR5A1 H19 GNRHR CYP19A1
5 spermatogenic failure 50 32.4 NR5A1 EPPIN DAZL AURKC
6 anovulation 32.3 FSHR FSHB CYP19A1
7 premature menopause 32.3 ZP3 NR5A1 LHCGR INHA GNRHR FSHR
8 hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 32.3 TAC3 NR5A1 LHCGR GNRHR FSHB CYP19A1
9 oligospermia 32.2 GNRHR EPPIN DAZL CFTR
10 cryptorchidism, unilateral or bilateral 32.1 TAC3 NR5A1 LHCGR GNRHR FSHR EPPIN
11 primary ciliary dyskinesia 32.1 NPHP4 DNAH5 DNAH1 CFTR CCDC39
12 male infertility with azoospermia or oligozoospermia due to single gene mutation 32.0 NR5A1 CFTR
13 kartagener syndrome 31.7 NPHP4 DNAH5 DNAH1 CFTR CCDC39
14 ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome 31.7 LHCGR FSHR FSHB CYP19A1
15 adrenal hypoplasia, congenital 31.7 NR5A1 GNRHR EPPIN
16 hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 23 without anosmia 31.6 GNRHR EPPIN
17 amenorrhea 31.6 NR5A1 LHCGR GNRHR FSHR FSHB CYP19A1
18 kallmann syndrome 31.6 TAC3 NR5A1 GNRHR FSHR FSHB
19 ovarian disease 31.5 ZP3 LHCGR FSHR EPPIN CYP19A1
20 hypogonadism 31.5 TAC3 LHCGR GNRHR FSHB
21 leydig cell tumor 31.0 NR5A1 LHCGR INHA CYP19A1
22 precocious puberty 30.8 LHCGR FSHR CYP19A1
23 estrogen excess 30.7 FSHR EPPIN CYP19A1
24 pseudohermaphroditism 30.7 NR5A1 LHCGR FSHR EPPIN CYP19A1
25 bronchiectasis 30.5 DNAH5 CFTR CCDC39
26 46 xx gonadal dysgenesis 30.5 NR5A1 LHCGR FSHR
27 prostatic cyst 30.5 FSHR EPPIN
28 adrenal rest tumor 30.5 NR5A1 EPPIN
29 disorder of sexual development 30.4 NR5A1 LHCGR GNRHR FSHR EPPIN CYP19A1
30 twinning, dizygotic 30.2 INHA FSHR
31 mucinous cystadenofibroma 30.2 LHCGR FSHR
32 germ cell cancer 30.1 LHCGR H19 FSHR
33 renal hypodysplasia/aplasia 1 30.0 TAC3 GNRHR CFTR
34 visceral heterotaxy 29.9 NPHP4 DNAH5 DNAH1 CCDC39
35 deafness-infertility syndrome 11.7
36 spermatogenic failure 5 11.6
37 y chromosome infertility 11.6
38 spermatogenic failure 1 11.5
39 spermatogenic failure 6 11.5
40 young syndrome 11.3
41 azoospermia 11.3
42 catsper1-related nonsyndromic male infertility 11.3
43 male infertility with teratozoospermia due to single gene mutation 11.3
44 polycystic ovary syndrome 11.3
45 heterotaxy, visceral, 9, autosomal, with male infertility 11.3
46 spermatogenic failure 7 11.3
47 spermatogenic failure 17 11.3
48 spermatogenic failure, y-linked, 2 11.2
49 spermatogenic failure, x-linked, 2 11.2
50 pelvic inflammatory disease 11.2

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Infertility:



Diseases related to Infertility
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Infertility

About this section

UMLS symptoms related to Infertility:


pelvic pain

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Infertility:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cellular MP:0005384 10 CATSPER2 CCDC39 CYP19A1 DNAH5 FSHB FSHR
2 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 9.76 CCDC39 CFTR CYP19A1 DNAH5 GNRHR INHA
3 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 9.7 CFTR CYP19A1 DNAH5 FSHB FSHR GNRHR
4 reproductive system MP:0005389 9.47 AURKC CATSPER2 CFTR CYP19A1 DNAH1 FSHB
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Infertility

About this section

PubMed Health treatment related to Infertility: 62

There are a number of different treatments for infertility . The exact kind of treatment will mainly be determined by what sort of problem has been diagnosed in the woman or man. For instance, hormones may be used if the woman has an abnormal menstrual cycle . Surgery may be helpful if she has fibroids . Some causes of infertility in men can also be treated with hormones or surgery. If not enough sperm is produced or if the sperm cells don't move enough, the semen can be transferred directly to the woman’s womb . This procedure is called insemination. Artificial insemination is also a treatment option if the couple can't have sex or if the sperm can't pass through the cervical mucus . One alternative is artificial fertilization outside the body (in vitro fertilization, or IVF): In this procedure, eggs are removed from the woman’s ovaries through the vagina using a thin hollow needle, and then combined with sperm from the man. Before the eggs are removed, the woman has hormone therapy to stimulate her ovaries to release several mature eggs during the course of a single menstrual cycle . This hormone therapy can have very strong and unpleasant side effects. The actual fertilization takes place outside of the woman's body in a laboratory. In IVF, sperm cells are added to an egg cell and the fertilization process happens on its own. In intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), one sperm cell is injected directly into an egg using a fine needle. If the fertilization is a success and the egg cells continue to develop, the doctor implants up to three embryos into the womb . In rare cases more egg cells develop into embryos. The woman can then decide to have them frozen (cryopreserved) or destroyed. This also applies to egg cells in a stage of development called the pronuclear stage, in which the chromosome sets from the sperm and egg cells have not yet fully joined together. Cryopreserved embryos or fertilized egg cells can then be thawed out for use in a later cycle if the first transfer is not successful.

Drugs for Infertility (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 448)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Tamoxifen Approved Phase 4 10540-29-1 2733526
2
Dienogest Approved Phase 4 65928-58-7
3
Estrone Approved Phase 4 53-16-7 5870
4
Clopidogrel Approved Phase 4 113665-84-2, 120202-66-6 60606
5
Goserelin Approved Phase 4 65807-02-5 47725 5311128
6
Diazepam Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 439-14-5 3016
7
Propofol Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 2078-54-8 4943
8
Atosiban Approved, Investigational Phase 4 90779-69-4
9
Saw palmetto Approved, Experimental, Investigational Phase 4
10
Fentanyl Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 437-38-7 3345
11
Levonorgestrel Approved, Investigational Phase 4 797-63-7, 17489-40-6 13109
12
Dimenhydrinate Approved Phase 4 523-87-5 441281
13
Acarbose Approved, Investigational Phase 4 56180-94-0 441184
14
Meperidine Approved Phase 4 57-42-1 4058
15
Adenosine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 58-61-7 60961
16
Danazol Approved Phase 4 17230-88-5 28417
17
Nafarelin Approved Phase 4 76932-56-4 25077649 16129618
18
Nitrous oxide Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 10024-97-2 948
19
Tramadol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 27203-92-5 33741
20
Calcium polycarbophil Approved Phase 4 126040-58-2
21
Thiopental Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 76-75-5 3000715
22
Inositol Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Phase 4 87-89-8
23
Dopamine Approved Phase 4 62-31-7, 51-61-6 681
24
Cabergoline Approved Phase 4 81409-90-7 54746
25
Heparin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 9005-49-6 772 9812414
26
Acetaminophen Approved Phase 4 103-90-2 1983
27
tannic acid Approved Phase 4 1401-55-4
28
Benzocaine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 1994-09-7, 94-09-7 2337
29
Dalteparin Approved Phase 4 9005-49-6
30
Enoxaparin Approved Phase 4 9005-49-6 772
31
Tinzaparin Approved Phase 4 9041-08-1, 9005-49-6 25244225
32 Bemiparin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 91449-79-5
33
Levoleucovorin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 68538-85-2 149436
34
Dydrogesterone Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Phase 4 152-62-5 9051
35
Iron Approved Phase 4 7439-89-6 23925 29936
36
Ethiodized oil Approved, Investigational Phase 4 8008-53-5
37
Isoniazid Approved, Investigational Phase 4 54-85-3 3767
38
Dinoprostone Approved Phase 4 363-24-6 5280360
39
Cetrorelix Approved, Investigational Phase 4 120287-85-6 25074887 16129715
40
Buserelin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 57982-77-1
41
Trimethobenzamide Approved, Investigational Phase 4 138-56-7 5577
42
Etonogestrel Approved, Investigational Phase 4 54048-10-1 6917715 40976
43
Melatonin Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 4 73-31-4 896
44
Ginseng Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Phase 4 50647-08-0
45
Calcitriol Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4 32222-06-3 5280453 134070
46
Cysteine Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4 52-90-4 5862
47
Folic acid Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 4 59-30-3 6037
48
Vitamin D Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 4 1406-16-2
49
Molgramostim Investigational Phase 4 99283-10-0
50
Imidacloprid Vet_approved Phase 4 105827-78-9 86418

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 1931)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Different Timing of Intrauterine Insemination and Pregnancy Outcome in Patient With Unexplained Infertility :A Randomized Controlled Study Unknown status NCT03920514 Phase 4 hCG
2 The Effect of UPA on Women Ovarian Reserve Unknown status NCT02361892 Phase 4 ulipristal acetate
3 Structured Exerise Training in Infertile Obese Patients Treated With Assisted Reproductive Techniques: a Randomized Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT01892111 Phase 4
4 Effectiveness and Safety of uFSH for Severe Oligospermia or Azoospermia:A Multi-center,Open,Randomized,Interventional,and Phase4 Trial in China Unknown status NCT02307994 Phase 4 75IU uFSH
5 Induction of Ovulation by Clomiphene Citrate Following Laparoscopic Surgery for Endometriosis Stage 1 and Stage 11 With and Without Suppression by Dienogest Unknown status NCT02575248 Phase 4 Dienogest 2mg;Clomiphene citrate 5 mg
6 Endometrial Scratching at Time of Laproscopic Ovarian Drilling in Women With Anovulatory Infertility Due to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): Randomized Controlled Trial. Unknown status NCT02140398 Phase 4
7 PERCING : Ovarian Drilling Versus Ovarian Stimulation + Intra Uterine Insemination (IUI) + Metformin in the PCOS (PolyCystic Ovaries Syndrome) Treatment Unknown status NCT00378729 Phase 4 Metformin and FSHr
8 Transdermal Testosterone for Poor Responders Undergoing IVF Unknown status NCT03078569 Phase 4 Testosterone gel
9 An Interventional Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Gonapure® in Multifollicular Stimulation in Egyptian Women Undergoing IVF/ICSI Unknown status NCT03057574 Phase 4 Follitropin Alfa
10 Role of FSHR Polymorphism p.N680S in the Therapy With FSH in Patients Who Underwent Varicocele Surgery Unknown status NCT02719093 Phase 4 recombinant FSH
11 Follicular Fluid, Serum Endocrine Profile Following Stimulation With Recombinant Gonadotropins or Highly Purified Human Menopausal Gonadotropin During GnRH-antagonist Protocol Unknown status NCT02992808 Phase 4 recombinant gonadotropins;HP-HMG
12 The Effectiveness and Safety of the Early Follicular Phase Prolonged Down-regulation Protocol for Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation: a Randomized, Paralleled, Controlled, Multicenter Trial Unknown status NCT03809221 Phase 4 Triptorelin acetate
13 The Effect of Intracervical Lidocaine Versus Intramuscular Diclofenac for Pain Relief During Hysterosalpingography Among Infertile Women In A Tertiary Hospital In Kano: A Randomized Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT02918812 Phase 4 Intracervical lidocaine;Intramuscular Diclofenac
14 Oxidative Stress In Semen And Male Infertility Unknown status NCT03464656 Phase 4 Fairhaven Pro for men
15 Effects of Clomiphene Citrate Ovulation Induction on Frozen Embryo Transfer Unknown status NCT03309436 Phase 4 Clomiphene Citrate protocol
16 Long Acting FSH Plus GnRH Antagonist Versus Daily FSH Plus GnRH Antagonist Versus Short Agonist Regimens in Poor Responder Patients Undergoing IVF: a Randomized Study. Unknown status NCT02070198 Phase 4 Long acting FSH and GnRH antagonist;Daily FSH and GnRH antagonist;Triptorelin and recombinant FSH
17 Double Ovarian Stimulation as Accumulation Strategy for Older Infertile Patients With Suboptimal Ovarian Response in Assisted Reproductive Treatment Unknown status NCT03400722 Phase 4 Pergoveris;Clomiphene
18 A Randomized, the Second-generation Non-ionic Monomer Contrast Parallel Control, Multicenter Clinical Study to Evaluate the Imaging Diagnostic Quality and Fertility Promoting Effect of Ethiodized Poppyseed Oil in Hysterosalpingography of Infertile Patients. Unknown status NCT03370575 Phase 4 ethiodized poppyseed oil;the second-generation non-ionic monomer contrast
19 Comparison of Three Different Strategies for Treating Infertility in Anovulatory Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Multicentre Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Unknown status NCT00461643 Phase 4 Clomiphene citrate, metformin, metformin plus clomiphene citrate, gonadotropins
20 Clinical Study of the Treatment of Infertility Caused by Severe Intrauterine Adhesions by Collagen Scaffold Loaded With Autologous Bone Marrow Stem Cells Unknown status NCT02204358 Phase 4
21 Efficacy of Long- Versus Short-term Metformin Protocol in Infertile Anovulatory PCOS Patients Unknown status NCT00501904 Phase 4 Metformin
22 Corifollitropin Alfa (Elonva) Versus Follitropin Beta in High Responders: A Randomized Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT02471677 Phase 4 Elonva;Puregon
23 Improving Oocyte Retrieval Using a Combined Therapy of Recombinant Follicle Stimulating Hormone (rFSH) and Inositol and Melatonin Unknown status NCT01267604 Phase 4 Recombinant FSH (rFSH)
24 A Randomised Controlled Pilot Trial of the Use of GnRH-antagonist Pituitary Suppression During Medicated Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer (FET) Cycles Unknown status NCT03763786 Phase 4 Cetrorelix Acetate
25 Administration of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Versus Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Agonist for Ovulation Induction in Hyper-Responder Patients Unknown status NCT00415792 Phase 4 Arvekap, Pregnyl
26 Recombinant hCG (Ovitrelle) Vesrus Urinary hCG (Pregnyl) for Triggering Final Oocyte Maturation in High Responders Unknown status NCT00415766 Phase 4 rHCG 250ug;uHCG 5000 IU;uHCG 7500 IU
27 The Effect of LH-Priming During Early Follicular Phase on Ovarian Response and Pregnancy Outcome in GnRHa Down-Regulated Women, Stimulated With Exogenous Gonadotrophins in IVF Treatment Unknown status NCT00334425 Phase 4 MENOPUR; GONAL-F
28 Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial to Test the Efficacy of a Biosimilar Recombinant Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)vs. Urinary FSH in an Oocyte Donation Program Unknown status NCT02503605 Phase 4 Biosimilar recombinant FSH;Urinary FSH
29 Ovulation Induction With Clomiphene Citrate and Dexamethasone Unknown status NCT01856062 Phase 4 Placebo;Dexamethasone
30 Luteal Phase Support With Progesterone vs Estrogen and Progesterone on Pregnancy Rates in Ovarian Stimulation and Intrauterine Insemination Cycles: a Prospective Randomized Study Unknown status NCT01237535 Phase 4 Luteal support with progesterone only;Luteal support with estrogen + progesterone
31 The Effect of a Higher Dose of Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) Supplementation on the Number of Oocytes Obtained During IVF in Poor Ovarian Responders Unknown status NCT02357472 Phase 4 dehydroepiandrosterone
32 Adding Prednisolone During Ovulation Induction With Clomiphene Citrate in Lean Women With Clomiphene Citrate Resistant Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Unknown status NCT02344888 Phase 4 Clomiphene citrate and Prednisolone;Clomiphene citrate and folic acid
33 Comparison of Clinical Pregnancy Rates Between Two Protocols, With or Without Low Molecular Weight Heparin Administration Before Frozen Embryo Transfer in Hormonal Replacement Cycles: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT03120715 Phase 4 estrogen;Low Molecular Weight Heparin;hCG;progesterone
34 The Comparison of Mild Stimulation and Controlled Ovarian Stimulation in Poor Ovarian Responders: a Prospective Randomized Study. Unknown status NCT01926210 Phase 4
35 A Comparison Study of a Novel Stimulation Protocol With Metformin in Step-down Regimen and the Conventional Low Dose Step-up Protocol in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization Unknown status NCT01438190 Phase 4 Metformin, gonadotropins in step-down regimen;Placebo, gonadotropins in step-up regimen
36 Timing of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Administration in Intrauterine Insemination Cycles Unknown status NCT02330705 Phase 4 HCG
37 Intrauterine Injection of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Before Embryo Transfer in Women With Previous IVF Failure Unknown status NCT02329197 Phase 4 Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)
38 Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Long GnRH Agonist Protocol and the Flexible GnRH Antagonist Protocol of Ovarian Stimulation in Normal Responders Unknown status NCT00417183 Phase 4 Arvekap 0.1 mg (Triptorelin, Ipsen, France);Ganirelix 0.25 (Orgalutran, Organon, The Netherlands)
39 Metformin for the Treatment of Unexplained Oligozspermia and Azoospermia Unknown status NCT01529177 Phase 4 Metformin / clomid / hCG;Clomiphene citrate / hCG
40 Effect of Endometrial Injury Before Frozen Embryo Transfer on Pregnancy Rate Unknown status NCT03220503 Phase 4
41 A Prospective Randomized Trial to Analyze the Effect of the Gonadotropin Administered During Control Ovarian Stimulation on Embryo Kinetics of Development Unknown status NCT02402192 Phase 4 Corifollitropin alfa
42 Co Administration of GnRH Agonist and hCG for Final Oocyte Maturation- A Randomized Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT02703584 Phase 4 Buseralin;pregnyl
43 Comparison Between Effect of Enoxaparin and Clopidogrel on Improving Pregnancy Rate in ICSI Unknown status NCT02696330 Phase 4 clopidogrel;enoxaparin;placebo
44 G-CSF Supplemented Medium for IVF Embryo Culture in Patients Undergoing IVF Unknown status NCT02651285 Phase 4
45 Comparison Between Natural and Artificial Cycle in Recipient Oocyte Patients Unknown status NCT01353846 Phase 4 Agonist GnRH; estradiol Valerate; progesterone
46 Comparison of Tamoxifen and Clomiphene Citrate in Mild Stimulation IVF: a Prospective Cohort Study Unknown status NCT02690870 Phase 4 Tamoxifen;Clomiphene
47 Implantation in Frozen Embryo Transfer Unknown status NCT02655146 Phase 4 triptorelin 0.1;E2;Progesterone;triptorelin 3.75mg
48 IUI vs. IVF/ICSI in Women Aged 38-42 Years: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT01992731 Phase 4
49 Concomitant Clomiphene Citrate and Estradiol Versus Clomiphene Citrate Alone in Ovulation Induction: a Randomized Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT02186782 Phase 4 Clomiphene citrate and Estradiol;Clomiphene citrate and Placebo
50 Comparison of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Outcomes Between Two Protocols of Induction of Ovulation by Using Recombinant Luteinizing Hormone (rLH) and Recombinant Follicle Stimulating Hormone (rFSH) in Patients With Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Unknown status NCT02140515 Phase 4 Lutropin alfa;Follitropin alfa and Lutropin alfa

Search NIH Clinical Center for Infertility

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 70 / NDF-RT 51 :


2-Bromoergocryptine Mesylate
Bromocriptine
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Follitropin Alfa
follitropin beta
Leuprolide
Leuprolide Acetate
Sermorelin
Sermorelin Acetate

Cochrane evidence based reviews: infertility

Sources

Genetic Tests for Infertility

About this section

Genetic tests related to Infertility:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Infertility 29
Sources

Anatomical Context for Infertility

About this section

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Infertility:

40
Ovary, Testis, Uterus, Thyroid, Pituitary, Testes, Breast
Sources

Publications for Infertility

About this section

Articles related to Infertility:

(show top 50) (show all 30232)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Comparative efficacy and safety of complementary and alternative therapies for tubal obstructive infertility: A protocol for network meta-analysis. 61 42
33607845 2021
2
Psychological experience and coping strategies of patients in the Northeast US delaying care for infertility during the COVID-19 pandemic. 42 61
33618732 2021
3
Adenomyosis and Infertility-Review of Medical and Surgical Approaches. 61 42
33573117 2021
4
A 46, XX SRY - negative man with infertility, and co-existing with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. 61 54
20170343 2010
5
Individualized high-dose cabergoline therapy for hyperprolactinemic infertility in women with micro- and macroprolactinomas. 54 61
20357175 2010
6
FSH receptor, KL1/2, P450, and PAPP genes in granulosa-lutein cells from in vitro fertilization patients show a different expression pattern depending on the infertility diagnosis. 61 54
19342032 2010
7
Comparison of mild stimulation and conventional stimulation in ART outcome. 61 54
19834718 2010
8
Expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in human endometriosis: relation to disease stage, menstrual cycle and infertility. 61 54
20492386 2010
9
Evaluation of the leptin receptor in human spermatozoa. 61 54
20178606 2010
10
Identification and in vitro characterization of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) receptor variants associated with abnormal ovarian response to FSH. 54 61
20061434 2010
11
A common haplotype of protamine 1 and 2 genes is associated with higher sperm counts. 54 61
19863670 2010
12
Predictive factors for pregnancy after intrauterine insemination (IUI): an analysis of 1038 cycles and a review of the literature. 61 54
18996517 2010
13
Changes in serum cortisol and prolactin associated with acupuncture during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer treatment. 61 54
19118825 2009
14
Experimental immunological infertility effect of anti-GAPDH-2 antibodies on the fertility of female mice. 61 54
18980760 2009
15
HOXA-10 expression in the mid-secretory endometrium of infertile patients with either endometriosis, uterine fibromas or unexplained infertility. 61 54
19736237 2009
16
Male infertility and the involvement of the X chromosome. 54 61
19515807 2009
17
Absence of the exon 1 coding sequence of the androgen receptor gene associated with teratozoospermia in a Brazilian population. 54 61
19937586 2009
18
RETRACTED: Clomiphene citrate or aromatase inhibitors for superovulation in women with unexplained infertility undergoing intrauterine insemination: a prospective randomized trial. 54 61
18692823 2009
19
Leukemia inhibitory factor and interleukin-11: critical regulators in the establishment of pregnancy. 61 54
19647472 2009
20
Association of CYP1A1 and glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms with male factor infertility. 61 54
18774560 2009
21
The role of prolactin- and endometriosis-associated infertility. 61 54
19624865 2009
22
Estrogen receptor beta gene mutations in Indian infertile men. 54 61
19509112 2009
23
Aromatase inhibitors for ovulation and pregnancy in polycystic ovary syndrome. 61 54
19584394 2009
24
Length of androgen receptor-CAG repeats in fertile and infertile Egyptian men. 54 61
19168451 2009
25
Disturbances in the LIF pathway in the endometrium among women with unexplained infertility. 61 54
18684446 2009
26
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in reproductive health and disease. 54 61
19015188 2009
27
Is aromatase expression in the endometrium the cause of endometriosis and related infertility? 54 61
19340622 2009
28
Acrosin antibodies and infertility. I. Detection of antibodies towards proacrosin/acrosin in women consulting for infertility and evaluation of their effects upon the sperm protease activities. 61 54
18439585 2009
29
Peritoneal fluid and serum leptin concentrations in women with primary infertility. 54 61
18665375 2009
30
Spermatogenesis in a man with complete deletion of USP9Y. 61 54
19246359 2009
31
CA repeat and RsaI polymorphisms in ERbeta gene are not associated with infertility in Indian men. 61 54
17916182 2009
32
Inactivating mutations of luteinizing hormone beta-subunit or luteinizing hormone receptor cause oligo-amenorrhea and infertility in women. 61 54
19129711 2009
33
Pregnancy outcome after ovulation induction with aromatase inhibitors or clomiphene citrate in unexplained infertility. 61 54
19089782 2009
34
Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) gene mutations in women diagnosed with unexplained infertility and endometriosis have a negative impact on the IVF outcome. A pilot study. 61 54
19545488 2009
35
Status of serum leptin levels in females with infertility. 54 61
18946565 2008
36
Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 expressed in granulosa cells as a biomarker for oocyte quality in age-related infertility. 61 54
17919612 2008
37
First trimester screening for Down's syndrome after assisted reproductive technology: non-male factor infertility is associated with elevated free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels at 10-14 weeks of gestation. 54 61
18164000 2008
38
Genetic investigations of CFTR mutations in congenital absence of vas deferens, uterus, and vagina as a cause of infertility. 61 54
18567645 2008
39
Recombinant HCG for triggering ovulation increases the rate of mature oocytes in women treated for ICSI. 61 54
18925430 2008
40
A relationship between increased peritoneal leptin levels and infertility in endometriosis. 61 54
18958774 2008
41
A new LH receptor splice mutation responsible for male hypogonadism with subnormal sperm production in the propositus, and infertility with regular cycles in an affected sister. 54 61
18508780 2008
42
Factors affecting live birth rate in intrauterine insemination cycles with recombinant gonadotrophin stimulation. 61 54
18681993 2008
43
The AZF proteins. 54 61
18462373 2008
44
Treatment of unexplained infertility with aromatase inhibitors or clomiphene citrate: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 54 61
18559123 2008
45
Purification and characterization of biologically active recombinant human Eppin expressed in Escherichia coli. 61 54
18466682 2008
46
A 31-year-old woman with infertility and polycystic ovaries diagnosed with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to a novel CYP21 mutation. 61 54
18362511 2008
47
Aromatase inhibitors for infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome. The beginning or the end of a new era? 54 61
18275882 2008
48
Clinical manifestations of impaired GnRH neuron development and function. 61 54
18253056 2008
49
A386G transition in DAZL gene is not associated with spermatogenic failure in Tamil Nadu, South India. 61 54
20300286 2008
50
Molecular pathology of the FSH receptor: new insights into FSH physiology. 54 61
18248882 2008
Sources

Variations for Infertility

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Infertility:

6 (show all 22)
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID Position
1 TAC3 NM_013251.4(TAC3):c.248A>G (p.His83Arg) SNV Pathogenic 180150 rs143862988 GRCh37: 12:57406650-57406650
GRCh38: 12:57012866-57012866
2 DNAH5 NM_001369.2(DNAH5):c.6763C>T (p.Arg2255Ter) SNV Pathogenic 454795 rs745918507 GRCh37: 5:13820533-13820533
GRCh38: 5:13820424-13820424
3 CCDC39 NM_181426.2(CCDC39):c.357+1G>C SNV Pathogenic 31067 rs397515392 GRCh37: 3:180379648-180379648
GRCh38: 3:180661860-180661860
4 GNRHR NM_000406.3(GNRHR):c.317A>G (p.Gln106Arg) SNV Pathogenic 16023 rs104893836 GRCh37: 4:68619737-68619737
GRCh38: 4:67754019-67754019
5 NPHP4 NM_015102.5(NPHP4):c.2044C>T (p.Arg682Ter) SNV Likely pathogenic 3401 rs137852920 GRCh37: 1:5964776-5964776
GRCh38: 1:5904716-5904716
6 POLR2C NM_032940.3(POLR2C):c.545T>C (p.Val182Ala) SNV Uncertain significance 872981 GRCh37:
GRCh38:
7 MYO6 NM_004999.4(MYO6):c.3176G>C (p.Arg1059Thr) SNV Uncertain significance 45153 rs202214380 GRCh37: 6:76608128-76608128
GRCh38: 6:75898411-75898411
8 CCDC103 NM_213607.3(CCDC103):c.461A>C (p.His154Pro) SNV Uncertain significance 31698 rs145457535 GRCh37: 17:42979917-42979917
GRCh38: 17:44902549-44902549
9 CFTR , LOC111674472 NM_000492.4(CFTR):c.2991G>C (p.Leu997Phe) SNV Uncertain significance 7229 rs1800111 GRCh37: 7:117250575-117250575
GRCh38: 7:117610521-117610521
10 CFTR , CFTR-AS1 NM_000492.4(CFTR):c.1523T>G (p.Phe508Cys) SNV Uncertain significance 7126 rs74571530 GRCh37: 7:117199648-117199648
GRCh38: 7:117559594-117559594
11 PROKR2 NM_144773.3(PROKR2):c.518T>G (p.Leu173Arg) SNV Uncertain significance 3449 rs74315416 GRCh37: 20:5283323-5283323
GRCh38: 20:5302677-5302677
12 CATSPER2 NM_172095.4(CATSPER2):c.920G>C (p.Trp307Ser) SNV Uncertain significance 422609 rs146701338 GRCh37: 15:43928340-43928340
GRCh38: 15:43636142-43636142
13 FGFR1 NM_015850.4(FGFR1):c.2459G>A (p.Arg820His) SNV Uncertain significance 362891 rs758677681 GRCh37: 8:38271150-38271150
GRCh38: 8:38413632-38413632
14 DNAAF11 NM_012472.6(DNAAF11):c.27T>G (p.Ile9Met) SNV Uncertain significance 473106 rs200906172 GRCh37: 8:133673857-133673857
GRCh38: 8:132661611-132661611
15 DNAH5 NM_001369.2(DNAH5):c.5413C>T (p.Arg1805Cys) SNV Uncertain significance 238981 rs142155986 GRCh37: 5:13841872-13841872
GRCh38: 5:13841763-13841763
16 DNAH11 NM_001277115.2(DNAH11):c.1108C>A (p.Leu370Met) SNV Uncertain significance 454639 rs189175047 GRCh37: 7:21603929-21603929
GRCh38: 7:21564311-21564311
17 TGFBR3 NM_003243.5(TGFBR3):c.2519C>T (p.Thr840Met) SNV Uncertain significance 161609 rs193920827 GRCh37: 1:92149333-92149333
GRCh38: 1:91683776-91683776
18 DNAH5 NM_001369.2(DNAH5):c.12251G>A (p.Arg4084Gln) SNV Uncertain significance 220051 rs140832239 GRCh37: 5:13721137-13721137
GRCh38: 5:13721028-13721028
19 CFTR NM_000492.4(CFTR):c.3409A>G SNV Uncertain significance 53733 rs397508553 GRCh37: 7:117254708-117254708
GRCh38: 7:117614654-117614654
20 CFTR NM_000492.4(CFTR):c.358G>A SNV Uncertain significance 53774 rs201958172 GRCh37: 7:117171037-117171037
GRCh38: 7:117530983-117530983
21 DNAI1 NM_012144.4(DNAI1):c.1948C>T (p.Arg650Cys) SNV Uncertain significance 216677 rs140820295 GRCh37: 9:34517412-34517412
GRCh38: 9:34517414-34517414
22 CFTR NM_000492.4(CFTR):c.2900T>C (p.Leu967Ser) SNV Uncertain significance 219537 rs1800110 GRCh37: 7:117243828-117243828
GRCh38: 7:117603774-117603774

Copy number variations for Infertility from CNVD:

7 (show all 50)
# CNVD ID Chromosome Start End Type Gene Symbol CNVD Disease
1 102258 16 51200000 65200000 Indels Infertility
2 116518 17 67628755 67634155 Duplication SOX9 Infertility
3 118010 17 7505821 7531588 Mutation TP53 Infertility
4 119328 18 116099694 116225676 Deletion MET Infertility
5 153448 20 37100000 41100000 Indels Infertility
6 161303 22 18155933 18222462 Copy number GNB1L Infertility
7 211351 6 32593131 32665540 Copy number HLA-DRB5 Infertility
8 212278 6 3674895 32665540 Copy number HLA-DRB1 Infertility
9 212443 6 3813334 32742444 Copy number HLA-DQB1 Infertility
10 261402 X 19200000 29400000 Indels Infertility
11 266740 Y 1 57772954 Deletion infertility
12 266746 Y 1 57772954 Microdeletion infertility
13 266750 Y 1 57772954 Microdeletion infertility
14 266796 Y 11300000 27200000 Deletion AZF1 infertility
15 266823 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion Infertility
16 266826 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion AZF1 infertility
17 266827 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion infertility
18 266828 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion infertility
19 266829 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion BPY2 infertility
20 266830 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion CDY1 infertility
21 266831 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion CDY1 infertility
22 266833 7 116907252 117095954 Microdeletion CFTR Infertility
23 266835 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion CSPG4P1Y infertility
24 266836 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion DAZ1 infertility
25 266837 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion DDX3Y infertility
26 266838 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion infertility
27 266840 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion infertility
28 266841 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion infertility
29 266842 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion RBMY1A1 infertility
30 266843 Y 11300000 27200000 Microdeletion USP9Y infertility
31 266967 Y 174481503 174538309 Microdeletion AZF1 infertility
32 266975 Y 174481503 174538309 Microdeletions AZF1 infertility
33 266976 Y 174481503 174538309 Microdeletions AZF1 infertility
34 267088 Y 23407118 25740308 Copy number TTTY17A Infertility
35 267093 Y 23539797 25607639 Copy number BPY2 Infertility
36 267094 Y 23539797 25607639 Copy number BPY2 Infertility
37 267098 Y 23539797 25607639 Copy number BPY2B Infertility
38 267102 Y 23539797 25607639 Copy number BPY2C Infertility
39 267113 Y 23684889 23754627 Copy number DAZ1 Infertility
40 267116 Y 23684889 23754627 Copy number DAZ1 Infertility
41 267124 Y 23684889 25462570 Copy number DAZ2 Infertility
42 267128 Y 23684889 25462570 Copy number DAZ4 Infertility
43 267135 Y 23775009 25462570 Copy number DAZ3 Infertility
44 267150 Y 24492261 26288923 Copy number TTTY3 Infertility
45 267152 Y 24600763 26180436 Copy number CDY1 Infertility
46 267156 Y 24738968 26042240 Copy number CSPG4P1Y Infertility
47 267182 Y 25125736 25162560 Copy number TTTY4 Infertility
48 267526 mtDNA 1 16569 Mutation MT-ATP6 Infertility
49 267527 mtDNA 1 16569 Mutation MT-CYB Infertility
50 267528 1 183532144 183553084 Mutation IVNS1ABP Infertility
Sources

Expression for Infertility

About this section
Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Infertility.
Sources

Pathways for Infertility

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Pathways related to Infertility according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
DAG and IP3 signaling 65
Show member pathways
 12.76 NR5A1 LHCGR GNRHR FSHR FSHB CFTR
2
cAMP signaling pathway 36
11.96 LHCGR FSHR FSHB CFTR
3
G alpha (s) signalling events 65
11.77 LHCGR FSHR FSHB
4
Ovarian steroidogenesis 36
11.16 LHCGR FSHR FSHB CYP19A1
5
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) signaling pathway 1
10.86 FSHR FSHB CYP19A1
6
Transcription_CREM signaling in testis 23
10.77 FSHR FSHB
7
Ovarian Infertility Genes 1
10.67 ZP3 NR5A1 LHCGR INHA FSHR DAZL
8
Hormone ligand-binding receptors 65
10.37 LHCGR GNRHR FSHR FSHB
Sources

GO Terms for Infertility

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Cellular components related to Infertility according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 axoneme GO:0005930 9.33 DNAH5 DNAH1 CCDC39
2 cilium GO:0005929 9.02 NPHP4 DNAH5 DNAH1 CCDC39 CATSPER2
3 axonemal dynein complex GO:0005858 8.96 DNAH5 DNAH1

Biological processes related to Infertility according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 17)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 male gonad development GO:0008584 9.62 NR5A1 LHCGR INHA FSHR
2 cilium movement GO:0003341 9.58 DNAH5 DNAH1 CCDC39
3 sperm capacitation GO:0048240 9.57 CFTR CATSPER2
4 female gamete generation GO:0007292 9.56 FSHR FSHB
5 epithelial cilium movement GO:0003351 9.55 DNAH5 CCDC39
6 cilium-dependent cell motility GO:0060285 9.54 DNAH1 CCDC39
7 inner dynein arm assembly GO:0036159 9.52 DNAH1 CCDC39
8 regulation of osteoclast differentiation GO:0045670 9.51 FSHR FSHB
9 oocyte development GO:0048599 9.49 ZP3 AURKC
10 establishment of localization in cell GO:0051649 9.48 DNAH5 CCDC39
11 Sertoli cell proliferation GO:0060011 9.46 FSHR FSHB
12 hormone-mediated signaling pathway GO:0009755 9.46 NR5A1 LHCGR FSHR FSHB
13 ovulation cycle process GO:0022602 9.43 LHCGR FSHR
14 female gonad development GO:0008585 9.43 NR5A1 FSHR CYP19A1
15 follicle-stimulating hormone signaling pathway GO:0042699 9.37 FSHR FSHB
16 ovarian follicle development GO:0001541 9.26 LHCGR INHA FSHR FSHB
17 flagellated sperm motility GO:0030317 9.02 NPHP4 DNAH5 DNAH1 CCDC39 CATSPER2

Molecular functions related to Infertility according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 ATP-dependent microtubule motor activity, minus-end-directed GO:0008569 8.96 DNAH5 DNAH1
2 protein-hormone receptor activity GO:0016500 8.8 LHCGR GNRHR FSHR
Sources

Sources for Infertility

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
20 GARD
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 05-Apr-2021)
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 Tocris
70 UMLS
71 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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