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MCID: KLD003
MIFTS: 37

Keloid Formation

Categories: Skin diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Keloid Formation

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Keloid Formation:

Name: Keloid Formation 56 29 6

Characteristics:

OMIM:

56
Inheritance:
autosomal dominant


HPO:

31
keloid formation:
Inheritance autosomal dominant inheritance


Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Skin diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)


External Ids:

OMIM 56 148100
MedGen 41 C3149494
SNOMED-CT via HPO 68 263681008 33659008 58405006
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Summaries for Keloid Formation

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OMIM : 56 Keloid is a dermal fibroproliferative growth caused by pathologic wound healing following skin injury. Keloid is defined as a scar growing continuously and invasively beyond the confines of the original wound and is characterized by excessive fibroblast proliferation and deposition of extracellular matrix and collagen fibers. Local tissue factors, especially wound tension or infection, and endocrine factors are known to be involved in keloid formation. However, the fact that the incidence of keloid is higher in darker-skinned individuals suggests that genetic factors also play an important role (summary by Nakashima et al., 2010). (148100)

MalaCards based summary : Keloid Formation is related to arteriovenous malformation and frontometaphyseal dysplasia 2. An important gene associated with Keloid Formation is ASAH1 (N-Acylsphingosine Amidohydrolase 1). The drugs Calcium and Calcium, Dietary have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include skin, bone and endothelial, and related phenotypes are keloids and cardiovascular system

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Related Diseases for Keloid Formation

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Diseases related to Keloid Formation via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 58)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 arteriovenous malformation 28.5 PTEN IL6
2 frontometaphyseal dysplasia 2 11.6
3 warburg-cinotti syndrome 11.4
4 keloid disorder 10.8
5 chromosome 2q35 duplication syndrome 10.3
6 hypertrophic scars 10.1
7 overgrowth syndrome 10.1
8 neurofibromatosis, type ii 10.1
9 corticosteroid allergy 10.0 FLNA ASAH1
10 macrodactyly 10.0
11 folliculitis 10.0
12 cleft palate, isolated 9.8
13 bethlem myopathy 1 9.8
14 noonan syndrome 1 9.8
15 pectus excavatum 9.8
16 pemphigus vulgaris, familial 9.8
17 thrombophilia due to thrombin defect 9.8
18 ocular motor apraxia 9.8
19 peters-plus syndrome 9.8
20 keratosis pilaris atrophicans 9.8
21 alacrima, achalasia, and mental retardation syndrome 9.8
22 gastrointestinal ulceration, recurrent, with dysfunctional platelets 9.8
23 hypospadias 9.8
24 chlamydia 9.8
25 corneal staphyloma 9.8
26 paronychia 9.8
27 uveitis 9.8
28 keratosis 9.8
29 ectodermal dysplasia 9.8
30 ankylosis 9.8
31 hidradenitis suppurativa 9.8
32 hidradenitis 9.8
33 corneal dystrophy 9.8
34 tracheal stenosis 9.8
35 skin disease 9.8
36 myopathy 9.8
37 infertility 9.8
38 corneal ulcer 9.8
39 herpes zoster 9.8
40 rosacea 9.8
41 pemphigus 9.8
42 cleft lip 9.8
43 48,xyyy 9.8
44 frontometaphyseal dysplasia 9.8
45 herpes zoster ophthalmicus 9.8
46 osteochondroma 9.8
47 penoscrotal transposition 9.8
48 pseudo-turner syndrome 9.8
49 isolated pierre robin sequence 9.8
50 rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma 9.8

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Keloid Formation:



Diseases related to Keloid Formation
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Keloid Formation

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Human phenotypes related to Keloid Formation:

31
# Description HPO Frequency HPO Source Accession
1 keloids 31 HP:0010562

Symptoms via clinical synopsis from OMIM:

56
Skin:
keloids

Clinical features from OMIM:

148100

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Keloid Formation:

45
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 9.63 ANXA2 DDR2 FLNA IL6 PTEN UBE2L3
2 growth/size/body region MP:0005378 9.5 ANXA2 ASAH1 DDR2 FLNA IL6 PTEN
3 liver/biliary system MP:0005370 9.02 AGPAT5 ASAH1 FLNA IL6 PTEN
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Keloid Formation

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Drugs for Keloid Formation (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 8)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Calcium Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4 7440-70-2 271
2 Calcium, Dietary Phase 4
3
Fluorouracil Approved Phase 2 51-21-8 3385
4 Immunologic Factors Phase 2
5 Antimetabolites Phase 2
6 Immunosuppressive Agents Phase 2
7
Hyaluronic acid Approved, Vet_approved 9004-61-9 53477741
8
Lidocaine Approved, Vet_approved 137-58-6 3676

Interventional clinical trials:

(show all 15)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Post-Marketing Study of Radiesse® Injectable Dermal Filler for the Treatment of Nasolabial Folds in Persons of Color Completed NCT01012388 Phase 4
2 The Technique of Skin Stretching for Acute Burn Treatment and Scar Reconstruction: Clinical Applications and Working Mechanisms. Completed NCT00609908 Phase 3
3 A Multi-Center, Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blind, Within-Subject Controlled, Phase 2a Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Safety of RXI-109 on the Outcome of Keloid Excision Surgery in Healthy Adults Completed NCT02079168 Phase 2 RXI-109;Placebo
4 A Phase 2, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Investigate the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of MRG-201 Following Intradermal Injection in Subjects With a History of Keloids Active, not recruiting NCT03601052 Phase 2 Remlarsen;Placebo
5 A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded Comparison of the Use of 5-fluorouracil Versus Placebo in Periocular Full Thickness Skin Grafts. Terminated NCT02705352 Phase 2 5-Fluorouracil
6 A Post Approval, Multicenter, Open-Label, Longitudinal, Uncontrolled Safety Study of Cosmetic Tissue Augmentation Product (ELEVESS™) in the Treatment of Nasolabial Folds in People of Color Completed NCT01147172
7 Assessing and Improving Patient Knowledge About Keloids Completed NCT01176877
8 Genetic Analysis of Familial Keloids Completed NCT00008502
9 Comparison of Cosmetic Outcomes of Lacerations of the Trunk and Extremity Repaired Using Absorbable Versus Non-absorbable Sutures Completed NCT00933829
10 Identification of Genetic Variants That Contribute to Keloid Formation in Families and Isolated Cases. Recruiting NCT01619553
11 A Prospective Registry Study to Evaluate the Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Superficial Radiation Therapy (SRT) for the Treatment of Recurrent Keloid Scars Recruiting NCT04184011
12 Vaginal CO2 Laser for Stress Incontinence: A Randomized Controlled Trial Recruiting NCT04136652
13 Postmarketing, Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized and Blinded Study to Evaluate the Superior Efficacy of Cardiac Resynchronization Using the SyncAVTM Algorithm Recruiting NCT03961399
14 A Retrospective Registry Study to Evaluate the Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Superficial Radiation Therapy (SRT) for the Treatment of Recurrent Keloid Scars. Not yet recruiting NCT03693924
15 Initial Assessment of a Topical Cadexomer Iodine Gel Efficacy on Keloid Scar Revision: A Pilot Clinical Study Withdrawn NCT03876548 Early Phase 1

Search NIH Clinical Center for Keloid Formation

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Genetic Tests for Keloid Formation

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Genetic tests related to Keloid Formation:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Keloid Formation 29
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Anatomical Context for Keloid Formation

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Keloid Formation:

40
Skin, Bone, Endothelial, Breast, Testes, T Cells
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Publications for Keloid Formation

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Articles related to Keloid Formation:

(show top 50) (show all 486)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
A genome-wide association study identifies four susceptibility loci for keloid in the Japanese population. 61 56
20711176 2010
2
Clinical genetics of familial keloids. 61 56
11708945 2001
3
Activation of collagen gene expression in keloids: co-localization of type I and VI collagen and transforming growth factor-beta 1 mRNA. 56
2071936 1991
4
Heredity of keloids; review of the literature and report of a family with multiple keloids in five generations. 56
13288798 1956
5
Long non-coding RNA HOXA11-AS accelerates the progression of keloid formation via miR-124-3p/TGFβR1 axis. 61
31878829 2020
6
Minimization of skin incision at preauricular sinusectomy using a trans pit approach. 61
32014737 2020
7
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids. 61
31106425 2019
8
Association between sphingosine-1-phosphate-induced signal transduction via mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and keloid formation. 61
31385019 2019
9
Long non-coding RNA HOXA11-AS induces type I collagen synthesis to stimulate keloid formation via sponging miR-124-3p and activation of Smad5 signaling. 61
31411918 2019
10
Triamcinolone Acetonide Suppresses Keloid Formation Through Enhancing Apoptosis in a Nude Mouse Model. 61
31513066 2019
11
MiR-21 Regulates Keloid Formation by Downregulating Smad7 via the TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway. 61
31184708 2019
12
MiR-152-3p regulates cell proliferation, invasion and extracellular matrix expression through by targeting FOXF1 in keloid fibroblasts. 61
31430452 2019
13
Clinical Outcomes after Mini-Open Excision of Popliteal Cysts. 61
31487479 2019
14
Association of hidradenitis suppurativa and keloid formation: A therapeutic challenge. 61
31440555 2019
15
Nitric oxide: Is it the culprit for the continued expansion of keloids? 61
31034822 2019
16
Efficacy of surgical excision and sub-dermal injection of triamcinolone acetonide for treatment of keloid scars after caesarean section: a single blind randomised controlled trial protocol. 61
31215471 2019
17
Abdominal Fat Graft for Sellar Reconstruction: Retrospective Outcomes Review and Technical Note. 61
30124966 2019
18
STAT3 signalling pathway is implicated in keloid pathogenesis by preliminary transcriptome and open chromatin analyses. 61
30916811 2019
19
The tension biology of wound healing. 61
29105155 2019
20
Intralesional triamcinolone alone or in combination with botulinium toxin A is ineffective for the treatment of formed keloid scar: A double blind controlled pilot study. 61
30422367 2019
21
Gene expression profiling analysis: the effect of hydrocortisone on keloid fibroblasts by bioinformatics. 61
29863417 2019
22
NEDD4 Is Involved in Inflammation Development during Keloid Formation. 61
30273597 2019
23
Keloid formation after syndactyly release in a patient with macrodactyly - methotrexate treatment. 61
29973103 2019
24
Keloid formation after pediatric male genital surgeries: an uncommon and difficult problem to manage. 61
30206024 2019
25
A Role for the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase NEDD4 in Keloid Pathogenesis. 61
30471838 2019
26
Keloid treatment: what about adjuvant radiotherapy? 61
31190938 2019
27
Laser Ablation of the Recipient Area With Platelet-Rich Plasma-Enriched Epidermal Suspension Transplant in Vitiligo Surgery: A Pilot Study. 61
30188329 2019
28
Evaluating of the Outcomes of Median Nerve Decompression with a Mini Incision Proximal to the Distal Wrist Crease. 61
31573064 2019
29
A rare presentation of penile keloids after traditional circumcision: Case report. 61
31261043 2019
30
miR-96 promotes collagen deposition in keloids by targeting Smad7. 61
30651862 2019
31
Recurrent, Activating Variants in the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase DDR2 Cause Warburg-Cinotti Syndrome. 61
30449416 2018
32
Gene Expression of Neurotrophins and Their Receptors in Keloids. 61
30325834 2018
33
Prevention of Earlobe Keloid Recurrence After Excision: Assessment of the Value of Presurgical Injection of Triamcinolone. 61
30106806 2018
34
A pilot study comparing two sites for incision during pacemaker implantation and their influence on the scar. 61
30392510 2018
35
Keloid Formation due to Repetitive Mammographies. 61
30631271 2018
36
Dose Effect in Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Resected Keloids. 61
29970316 2018
37
The efficacy of excision followed by intralesional 5-fluorouracil and triamcinolone acetonide versus excision followed by radiotherapy in the treatment of ear keloids: A randomized control trial. 61
29534885 2018
38
Long non-coding RNA CACNA1G-AS1 promotes calcium channel protein expression and positively affects human keloid fibroblast migration. 61
29963160 2018
39
Gene-based evaluation of low-frequency variation and genetically-predicted gene expression impacting risk of keloid formation. 61
29484647 2018
40
Subcuticular interrupted versus continuous skin suturing in elective cesarean section in obese women: a randomized controlled trial. 61
29804486 2018
41
Knockdown of elF3a inhibits TGF‑β1‑induced extracellular matrix protein expression in keloid fibroblasts. 61
29286129 2018
42
Indications and Use of Isotretinoin in Facial Plastic Surgery. 61
29409107 2018
43
Three-dimensional poly lactic-co-glycolic acid scaffold containing autologous platelet-rich plasma supports keloid fibroblast growth and contributes to keloid formation in a nude mouse model. 61
29122407 2018
44
Keloid formation on neck after jugular central venous catheter placement: An unsightly unusual complication in a young female. 61
29416158 2018
45
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α activates transforming growth factor-β1/Smad signaling and increases collagen deposition in dermal fibroblasts. 61
29423039 2018
46
Use of Viable Cryopreserved Placental Membrane as an Adjunct to Facial Keloid Resection. 61
29464167 2018
47
Macrophages in keloid are potent at promoting the differentiation and function of regulatory T cells. 61
29253537 2018
48
Comparison of endoscopic and external dacryocystorhinostomy for treatment of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. 61
29675345 2018
49
Triamcinolone acetonide intralesional injection for the treatment of keloid scars: patient selection and perspectives. 61
30087573 2018
50
Role of Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase 2 in the Pathogenesis of Tissue Fibrosis in Keloid-Derived Keratinocytes. 61
29053518 2017
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Variations for Keloid Formation

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Keloid Formation:

6 ‎‎ ‎‎ ‎‎
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID GRCh37 Pos GRCh38 Pos
1 46;XY;inv(6)(q22.2q27)dninversion Pathogenic 267839
2 ASAH1 NM_177924.5(ASAH1):c.1154T>C (p.Leu385Pro)SNV Pathogenic 417797 rs368345612 8:17915077-17915077 8:18057568-18057568
3 AGPAT5 NM_018361.4(AGPAT5):c.926G>A (p.Gly309Glu)SNV Benign 430635 rs368348075 8:6614740-6614740 8:6757219-6757219
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Expression for Keloid Formation

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Keloid Formation.
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Pathways for Keloid Formation

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GO Terms for Keloid Formation

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Cellular components related to Keloid Formation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cell cortex GO:0005938 9.43 NEDD4 FLNA ANXA2
2 postsynaptic cytosol GO:0099524 9.16 PTEN NEDD4
3 Schmidt-Lanterman incisure GO:0043220 8.96 PTEN ANXA2
4 myelin sheath adaxonal region GO:0035749 8.62 PTEN ANXA2

Biological processes related to Keloid Formation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation GO:0045669 9.4 IL6 DDR2
2 positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation GO:0048146 9.37 DDR2 ANXA2
3 neuron projection development GO:0031175 9.33 PTEN NEDD4 IL6
4 collagen fibril organization GO:0030199 9.32 DDR2 ANXA2
5 biomineral tissue development GO:0031214 9.26 DDR2 ANXA2
6 positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity GO:0051091 9.13 PTEN IL6 DDR2
7 positive regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly GO:0090091 8.62 IL6 DDR2

Molecular functions related to Keloid Formation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 ionotropic glutamate receptor binding GO:0035255 8.62 PTEN NEDD4
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Sources for Keloid Formation

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
43 MeSH
44 MESH via Orphanet
45 MGI
48 NCI
49 NCIt
50 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM
57 OMIM via Orphanet
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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