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MCID: KLD003
MIFTS: 38

Keloid Formation

Categories: Skin diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Keloid Formation

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Keloid Formation:

Name: Keloid Formation 56 29 6

Characteristics:

OMIM:

56
Inheritance:
autosomal dominant


HPO:

31
keloid formation:
Inheritance autosomal dominant inheritance


Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Skin diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)


External Ids:

OMIM 56 148100
MedGen 41 C3149494
SNOMED-CT via HPO 68 263681008 33659008 58405006
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Summaries for Keloid Formation

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OMIM : 56 Keloid is a dermal fibroproliferative growth caused by pathologic wound healing following skin injury. Keloid is defined as a scar growing continuously and invasively beyond the confines of the original wound and is characterized by excessive fibroblast proliferation and deposition of extracellular matrix and collagen fibers. Local tissue factors, especially wound tension or infection, and endocrine factors are known to be involved in keloid formation. However, the fact that the incidence of keloid is higher in darker-skinned individuals suggests that genetic factors also play an important role (summary by Nakashima et al., 2010). (148100)

MalaCards based summary : Keloid Formation is related to frontometaphyseal dysplasia 2 and warburg-cinotti syndrome. An important gene associated with Keloid Formation is ASAH1 (N-Acylsphingosine Amidohydrolase 1), and among its related pathways/superpathways is Salmonella infection (KEGG). The drugs Calcium, Dietary and Calcium have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include skin, endothelial and breast, and related phenotypes are keloids and liver/biliary system

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Related Diseases for Keloid Formation

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Diseases related to Keloid Formation via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 59)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 frontometaphyseal dysplasia 2 11.6
2 warburg-cinotti syndrome 11.4
3 keloid disorder 10.8
4 chromosome 2q35 duplication syndrome 10.3
5 hypertrophic scars 10.1
6 overgrowth syndrome 10.1
7 neurofibromatosis, type ii 10.1
8 macrodactyly 10.0
9 folliculitis 10.0
10 neurotic disorder 9.8 IL6 FLNA
11 cleft palate, isolated 9.8
12 bethlem myopathy 1 9.8
13 noonan syndrome 1 9.8
14 pectus excavatum 9.8
15 pemphigus vulgaris, familial 9.8
16 thrombophilia due to thrombin defect 9.8
17 ocular motor apraxia 9.8
18 peters-plus syndrome 9.8
19 keratosis pilaris atrophicans 9.8
20 alacrima, achalasia, and mental retardation syndrome 9.8
21 gastrointestinal ulceration, recurrent, with dysfunctional platelets 9.8
22 frontometaphyseal dysplasia 9.8
23 hypospadias 9.8
24 chlamydia 9.8
25 arteriovenous malformation 9.8
26 corneal staphyloma 9.8
27 paronychia 9.8
28 uveitis 9.8
29 keratosis 9.8
30 ectodermal dysplasia 9.8
31 ankylosis 9.8
32 hidradenitis suppurativa 9.8
33 hidradenitis 9.8
34 corneal dystrophy 9.8
35 tracheal stenosis 9.8
36 skin disease 9.8
37 myopathy 9.8
38 infertility 9.8
39 corneal ulcer 9.8
40 herpes zoster 9.8
41 rosacea 9.8
42 pemphigus 9.8
43 cleft lip 9.8
44 48,xyyy 9.8
45 herpes zoster ophthalmicus 9.8
46 osteochondroma 9.8
47 penoscrotal transposition 9.8
48 pseudo-turner syndrome 9.8
49 isolated pierre robin sequence 9.8
50 rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma 9.8

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Keloid Formation:



Diseases related to Keloid Formation
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Keloid Formation

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Human phenotypes related to Keloid Formation:

31
# Description HPO Frequency HPO Source Accession
1 keloids 31 HP:0010562

Symptoms via clinical synopsis from OMIM:

56
Skin:
keloids

Clinical features from OMIM:

148100

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Keloid Formation:

45
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 liver/biliary system MP:0005370 9.55 AGPAT5 ASAH1 FLNA IL6 PTEN
2 reproductive system MP:0005389 9.43 ASAH1 DDR2 FLNA HOXA11 IL6 PTEN
3 skeleton MP:0005390 9.1 ASAH1 DDR2 FLNA HOXA11 IL6 PTEN
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Drugs & Therapeutics for Keloid Formation

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Drugs for Keloid Formation (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 8)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1 Calcium, Dietary Phase 4
2
Calcium Nutraceutical Phase 4 7440-70-2 271
3
Fluorouracil Approved Phase 2 51-21-8 3385
4 Immunologic Factors Phase 2
5 Immunosuppressive Agents Phase 2
6 Antimetabolites Phase 2
7
Hyaluronic acid Approved, Vet_approved 9004-61-9 53477741
8
Lidocaine Approved, Vet_approved 137-58-6 3676

Interventional clinical trials:

(show all 16)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Post-Marketing Study of Radiesse® Injectable Dermal Filler for the Treatment of Nasolabial Folds in Persons of Color Completed NCT01012388 Phase 4
2 The Technique of Skin Stretching for Acute Burn Treatment and Scar Reconstruction: Clinical Applications and Working Mechanisms. Completed NCT00609908 Phase 3
3 A Multi-Center, Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blind, Within-Subject Controlled, Phase 2a Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Safety of RXI-109 on the Outcome of Keloid Excision Surgery in Healthy Adults Completed NCT02079168 Phase 2 RXI-109;Placebo
4 A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded Comparison of the Use of 5-fluorouracil Versus Placebo in Periocular Full Thickness Skin Grafts. Completed NCT02705352 Phase 2 5-Fluorouracil
5 A Phase 2, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Investigate the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of MRG-201 Following Intradermal Injection in Subjects With a History of Keloids Active, not recruiting NCT03601052 Phase 2 Remlarsen;Placebo
6 A Post Approval, Multicenter, Open-Label, Longitudinal, Uncontrolled Safety Study of Cosmetic Tissue Augmentation Product (ELEVESS™) in the Treatment of Nasolabial Folds in People of Color Completed NCT01147172
7 Assessing and Improving Patient Knowledge About Keloids Completed NCT01176877
8 Genetic Analysis of Familial Keloids Completed NCT00008502
9 Microneedling for Acquired Hypomelanosis : A Randomized Controlled Trial Completed NCT04419350
10 Identification of Genetic Variants That Contribute to Keloid Formation in Families and Isolated Cases. Recruiting NCT01619553
11 A Prospective Registry Study to Evaluate the Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Superficial Radiation Therapy (SRT) for the Treatment of Recurrent Keloid Scars Recruiting NCT04184011
12 Vaginal CO2 Laser for Stress Incontinence: A Randomized Controlled Trial Recruiting NCT04136652
13 Postmarketing, Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized and Blinded Study to Evaluate the Superior Efficacy of Cardiac Resynchronization Using the SyncAVTM Algorithm Recruiting NCT03961399
14 A Retrospective Registry Study to Evaluate the Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Superficial Radiation Therapy (SRT) for the Treatment of Recurrent Keloid Scars. Not yet recruiting NCT03693924
15 Initial Assessment of a Topical Cadexomer Iodine Gel Efficacy on Keloid Scar Revision: A Pilot Clinical Study Withdrawn NCT03876548 Early Phase 1
16 Comparison of Cosmetic Outcomes of Lacerations of the Trunk and Extremity Repaired Using Absorbable Versus Non-absorbable Sutures Withdrawn NCT00933829

Search NIH Clinical Center for Keloid Formation

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Genetic Tests for Keloid Formation

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Genetic tests related to Keloid Formation:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Keloid Formation 29
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Anatomical Context for Keloid Formation

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Keloid Formation:

40
Skin, Endothelial, Breast, Bone, Testes, T Cells
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Publications for Keloid Formation

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Articles related to Keloid Formation:

(show top 50) (show all 498)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
A genome-wide association study identifies four susceptibility loci for keloid in the Japanese population. 56 61
20711176 2010
2
Clinical genetics of familial keloids. 61 56
11708945 2001
3
Activation of collagen gene expression in keloids: co-localization of type I and VI collagen and transforming growth factor-beta 1 mRNA. 56
2071936 1991
4
Heredity of keloids; review of the literature and report of a family with multiple keloids in five generations. 56
13288798 1956
5
Sumoylation enhances the activity of the TGF-β/SMAD and HIF-1 signaling pathways in keloids. 61
32474020 2020
6
Keloid and Hypertrophic Scar Formation, Prevention, and Management: Standard Review of Abnormal Scarring in Orthopaedic Surgery. 61
32109921 2020
7
Long-wave Ultraviolet Ray Promotes Inflammation in Keloid-derived Fibroblasts by Activating P38-NFκB1 Signaling Pathway. 61
32433772 2020
8
Clinical features of collagen VI-related dystrophies: A large Brazilian cohort. 61
32065942 2020
9
DPP-4 Inhibitor Reduces the Risk of Developing Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids following Median Sternotomy in Diabetic Patients: A nationwide retrospective cohort study using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims of Japan. 61
32301913 2020
10
Are Prophylactic Measures Necessary to Prevent Recurrence of Penile Keloids? 61
32304683 2020
11
Identification and analysis of dysregulated lncRNA and associated ceRNA in the pathogenesis of keloid. 61
32309369 2020
12
Keloids: A Review of Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment. 61
32308783 2020
13
Inhibition of growth of Asian keloid cells with human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly stem cell-conditioned medium. 61
32085797 2020
14
Minimization of skin incision at preauricular sinusectomy using a trans pit approach. 61
32014737 2020
15
Long non-coding RNA HOXA11-AS accelerates the progression of keloid formation via miR-124-3p/TGFβR1 axis. 61
31878829 2020
16
Keloid pathophysiology: fibroblast or inflammatory disorders? 61
32051841 2019
17
Spontaneous symmetrical giant keloids at the bilateral labia majora: a case report. 61
31856627 2019
18
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids. 61
31106425 2019
19
Subcuticular interrupted versus continuous skin suturing in elective cesarean section in obese women: a randomized controlled trial. 61
29804486 2019
20
Association between sphingosine-1-phosphate-induced signal transduction via mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and keloid formation. 61
31385019 2019
21
Long non-coding RNA HOXA11-AS induces type I collagen synthesis to stimulate keloid formation via sponging miR-124-3p and activation of Smad5 signaling. 61
31411918 2019
22
MiR-21 Regulates Keloid Formation by Downregulating Smad7 via the TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway. 61
31184708 2019
23
Triamcinolone Acetonide Suppresses Keloid Formation Through Enhancing Apoptosis in a Nude Mouse Model. 61
31513066 2019
24
MiR-152-3p regulates cell proliferation, invasion and extracellular matrix expression through by targeting FOXF1 in keloid fibroblasts. 61
31430452 2019
25
Clinical Outcomes after Mini-Open Excision of Popliteal Cysts. 61
31487479 2019
26
Association of hidradenitis suppurativa and keloid formation: A therapeutic challenge. 61
31440555 2019
27
Nitric oxide: Is it the culprit for the continued expansion of keloids? 61
31034822 2019
28
Abdominal Fat Graft for Sellar Reconstruction: Retrospective Outcomes Review and Technical Note. 61
30124966 2019
29
Efficacy of surgical excision and sub-dermal injection of triamcinolone acetonide for treatment of keloid scars after caesarean section: a single blind randomised controlled trial protocol. 61
31215471 2019
30
STAT3 signalling pathway is implicated in keloid pathogenesis by preliminary transcriptome and open chromatin analyses. 61
30916811 2019
31
The tension biology of wound healing. 61
29105155 2019
32
Intralesional triamcinolone alone or in combination with botulinium toxin A is ineffective for the treatment of formed keloid scar: A double blind controlled pilot study. 61
30422367 2019
33
Gene expression profiling analysis: the effect of hydrocortisone on keloid fibroblasts by bioinformatics. 61
29863417 2019
34
Helical rim advancement - A technique to avoid keloid recurrence. 61
32158854 2019
35
NEDD4 Is Involved in Inflammation Development during Keloid Formation. 61
30273597 2019
36
Keloid formation after syndactyly release in a patient with macrodactyly - methotrexate treatment. 61
29973103 2019
37
Keloid formation after pediatric male genital surgeries: an uncommon and difficult problem to manage. 61
30206024 2019
38
A Role for the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase NEDD4 in Keloid Pathogenesis. 61
30471838 2019
39
miR-96 promotes collagen deposition in keloids by targeting Smad7. 61
30651862 2019
40
A rare presentation of penile keloids after traditional circumcision: Case report. 61
31261043 2019
41
Evaluating of the Outcomes of Median Nerve Decompression with a Mini Incision Proximal to the Distal Wrist Crease. 61
31573064 2019
42
Laser Ablation of the Recipient Area With Platelet-Rich Plasma-Enriched Epidermal Suspension Transplant in Vitiligo Surgery: A Pilot Study. 61
30188329 2019
43
Keloid treatment: what about adjuvant radiotherapy? 61
31190938 2019
44
Gene Expression of Neurotrophins and Their Receptors in Keloids. 61
30325834 2018
45
Recurrent, Activating Variants in the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase DDR2 Cause Warburg-Cinotti Syndrome. 61
30449416 2018
46
Prevention of Earlobe Keloid Recurrence After Excision: Assessment of the Value of Presurgical Injection of Triamcinolone. 61
30106806 2018
47
A pilot study comparing two sites for incision during pacemaker implantation and their influence on the scar. 61
30392510 2018
48
Dose Effect in Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Resected Keloids. 61
29970316 2018
49
The efficacy of excision followed by intralesional 5-fluorouracil and triamcinolone acetonide versus excision followed by radiotherapy in the treatment of ear keloids: A randomized control trial. 61
29534885 2018
50
Keloid Formation due to Repetitive Mammographies. 61
30631271 2018
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Variations for Keloid Formation

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Keloid Formation:

6 ‎‎ ‎‎ ‎‎
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID GRCh37 Pos GRCh38 Pos
1 46;XY;inv(6)(q22.2q27)dninversion Pathogenic 267839
2 ASAH1 NM_177924.5(ASAH1):c.1154T>C (p.Leu385Pro)SNV Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic 417797 rs368345612 8:17915077-17915077 8:18057568-18057568
3 AGPAT5 NM_018361.4(AGPAT5):c.926G>A (p.Gly309Glu)SNV Benign 430635 rs368348075 8:6614740-6614740 8:6757219-6757219
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Expression for Keloid Formation

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Keloid Formation.
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Pathways for Keloid Formation

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Pathways related to Keloid Formation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Salmonella infection (KEGG) 36
11.11 IL6 FLNA ANXA2
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GO Terms for Keloid Formation

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Cellular components related to Keloid Formation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cell cortex GO:0005938 9.43 NEDD4 FLNA ANXA2
2 postsynaptic cytosol GO:0099524 9.16 PTEN NEDD4
3 Schmidt-Lanterman incisure GO:0043220 8.96 PTEN ANXA2
4 myelin sheath adaxonal region GO:0035749 8.62 PTEN ANXA2

Biological processes related to Keloid Formation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 neuron projection development GO:0031175 9.33 PTEN NEDD4 IL6
2 positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation GO:0048146 9.32 DDR2 ANXA2
3 collagen fibril organization GO:0030199 9.26 DDR2 ANXA2
4 positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity GO:0051091 9.13 PTEN IL6 DDR2
5 positive regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly GO:0090091 8.62 IL6 DDR2

Molecular functions related to Keloid Formation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 ionotropic glutamate receptor binding GO:0035255 8.62 PTEN NEDD4
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Sources for Keloid Formation

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
43 MeSH
44 MESH via Orphanet
45 MGI
48 NCI
49 NCIt
50 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM
57 OMIM via Orphanet
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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