Kwashiorkor disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: KWS001 MIFTS: 45	Kwashiorkor Categories: Metabolic diseases, Skin diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs Expand all tables

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Aliases & Classifications for Kwashiorkor

MalaCards integrated aliases for Kwashiorkor:

Name: Kwashiorkor ¹² ⁷⁴ ⁴⁴ ¹⁵ ¹⁷ ⁷¹ ³²

Nutritional Oedema with Dyspigmentation of Skin and/or Hair ¹²

Nutritional Edema with Dyspigmentation of Skin and Hair ¹²

Kwashiokor ¹²

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Metabolic diseases
Anatomical: Skin diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

ICD10: ³²

Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

Malnutrition

Kwashiorkor

External Ids:

Disease Ontology ¹² DOID:13579

ICD9CM ³⁴ 260

MeSH ⁴⁴ D007732

SNOMED-CT ⁶⁷ 154730001

ICD10 ³² E40

EFO ¹⁷ EFO_1001009

UMLS ⁷¹ C0022806

Sources

Summaries for Kwashiorkor

Disease Ontology : ¹² A protein-energy malnutrition that is characterized by severe lack of protein and edema or anasarca, has symptom swelling, gastrointestinal upset, dehydration, thin dry skin, and cough, and has material basis in severe deficit of protein, resulting in lack of albumin causing decreased oncotic pressure in the vasculature and increased activation of the renin-angiotensin axis and antidiuretic hormone.

MalaCards based summary : Kwashiorkor, also known as nutritional oedema with dyspigmentation of skin and/or hair, is related to marasmus and protein-energy malnutrition, and has symptoms including swelling An important gene associated with Kwashiorkor is ALB (Albumin), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Folate Metabolism and FOXA2 and FOXA3 transcription factor networks. The drugs Azithromycin and Anti-Infective Agents have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include skin, pancreas and brain.

Wikipedia : ⁷⁴ Kwashiorkor is a form of severe protein malnutrition characterized by edema and an enlarged liver with... more...

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Related Diseases for Kwashiorkor

Diseases related to Kwashiorkor via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 514)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	marasmus	31.1	TTR SHBG INS CD4 ANXA6 ALB
2	protein-energy malnutrition	30.9	TTR SHBG GPT ALB
3	pyridoxine deficiency anemia	30.0	SLC17A5 GPT F2
4	anorexia nervosa	29.9	TTR SHBG INS
5	sickle cell anemia	29.8	GPT F2 CRP ALB
6	liver disease	29.8	SLC17A5 INS GPT F2 ALB
7	exanthem	29.8	GPT F2 CRP CD4 ALB
8	xerophthalmia	29.6	TTR CRP CD4
9	cholestasis	29.5	SLC17A5 LCAT GPT F2 ALB
10	nutritional deficiency disease	29.5	TTR F2 CRP ALB
11	chickenpox	29.5	CRP CD4 ALB
12	severe cutaneous adverse reaction	29.5	GPT CRP CD4
13	non-alcoholic fatty liver disease	29.3	INS GPT CRP ALB
14	deficiency anemia	29.3	TTR LCAT INS CRP ALB
15	liver cirrhosis	29.3	TTR SLC17A5 INS GPT F2 CRP
16	dysentery	29.3	TTR GPT CRP CD4 ALB
17	portal hypertension	29.1	INS GPT F2 CD4 ALB
18	vascular disease	28.7	LCAT INS F2 CRP CD4 ALB
19	malaria	28.6	INS GPT F2 CRP CD4 ALB
20	celiac disease 1	28.2	LALBA INS GPT CRP CD4 ALB
21	hypertension, essential	28.2	SHBG LCAT INS GPT F2 CRP
22	dipetalonemiasis	10.4	GPT ALB
23	non-a-e hepatitis	10.4	F2 ALB
24	antipyrine metabolism	10.4	F2 ALB
25	heterophyiasis	10.4	GPT ALB
26	afferent loop syndrome	10.4	GPT ALB
27	familial lcat deficiency	10.4	LCAT ALB
28	hepatoportal sclerosis	10.4	GPT F2
29	hypertensive encephalopathy	10.4	F2 ALB
30	paraquat poisoning	10.3	SLC17A5 GPT
31	peliosis hepatis	10.3	GPT F2
32	parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis	10.3	SLC17A5 GPT
33	active peptic ulcer disease	10.3	F2 ALB
34	bile duct cysts	10.3	GPT ALB
35	inhibited female orgasm	10.3	SHBG ALB
36	cholecystitis	10.3	GPT F2 ALB
37	methotrexate toxicity	10.3	SLC17A5 GPT
38	hepatic infarction	10.3	GPT F2 ALB
39	dicrocoeliasis	10.3	GPT ALB
40	hepatic coma	10.3	GPT F2 ALB
41	klatskin's tumor	10.3	GPT F2 ALB
42	reye syndrome	10.3	GPT F2 ALB
43	hepatorenal syndrome	10.3	GPT F2 ALB
44	chronic duodenal ileus	10.3	CRP ALB
45	fatty liver disease	10.3
46	hepatitis e	10.3	GPT F2 ALB
47	acute kidney failure	10.3	GPT F2 ALB
48	dengue hemorrhagic fever	10.3	GPT F2 ALB
49	mixed cerebral palsy	10.3	TTR SHBG
50	orbital osteomyelitis	10.3	F2 CRP

Comorbidity relations with Kwashiorkor via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN): (show all 13)

Active Peptic Ulcer Disease	Acute Cystitis
Acute Kidney Failure	Decubitus Ulcer
Deficiency Anemia	Familial Atrial Fibrillation
Heart Disease	Iron Deficiency Anemia
Paralytic Ileus	Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Respiratory Failure	Schizophreniform Disorder
Swallowing Disorders

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Kwashiorkor:

Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Kwashiorkor

Symptoms:

¹²

• swelling

Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Kwashiorkor

Drugs for Kwashiorkor (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 23)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Azithromycin

Approved

Phase 2, Phase 3

83905-01-5

55185 447043

Synonyms:

(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-11-[(2S,3R,4S,6R)-4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-13-[(2R,4R,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one

(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)13-((2,6-Dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-11-((3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one

(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-13-((2,6-Dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-11-((3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one

(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)13-((2,6-Dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-a-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-11-((3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-b-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one

(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)13-((2,6-Dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-α-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-11-((3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one

(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-15-oxo-11-{[3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-b-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy}-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-13-yl 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-a-L-ribo-hexopyranoside

(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-15-oxo-11-{[3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy}-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-13-yl 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranoside

121470-24-4

1-Oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one, 13-((2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-11-((3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-,(2R-(2R*,3S*

75199_FLUKA

83905-01-5

9-Deoxo-9a-aza-9a-methyl-9a-homoerythromycin A

AC-16014

AC1L9KEG

Aritromicina

Azadose

Azasite

Azenil

Azifast

Azigram

Azimakrol

Azithramycine

azithromycin

Azithromycin

Azithromycin & Tumor Necrosis Factor

Azithromycin (AIDS Initiative)

Azithromycin (anhydrous)

Azithromycin dihydrate

Azithromycin monohydrate

Azithromycin Monohydrate

Azithromycin pfizer brand

Azithromycine

Azithromycinum

Azitrocin

Azitromax

Azitromicina

Azitromin

Azythromycin

Bayer brand OF azithromycin dihydrate

BIDD:GT0792

Bio-0676

BRN 5387583

BSPBio_002285

C38H72N2O12

CCRIS 1961

CHEBI:2955

CHEMBL529

CID447043

CP62,993

CP-62993

CPD000471864

DCH3

Dihydrate, azithromycin

DivK1c_000233

DRG-0104

Funk brand OF azithromycin dihydrate

Goxal

Hemomycin

HMS1922G12

HMS2094M11

HMS500L15

HSDB 7205

IDI1_000233

KBio1_000233

KBio2_000787

KBio2_003355

KBio2_005923

KBio3_001505

KBioGR_000731

KBioSS_000787

Lesvi brand OF azithromycin dihydrate

LS-1834

Mack brand OF azithromycin dihydrate

Misultina

MLS001055353

MLS001066331

MLS001201763

MLS001304005

MLS001332499

MLS001332500

MolPort-002-507-426

Monohydrate, azithromycin

NCGC00090753-01

NCGC00090753-02

NINDS_000233

NSC643732

Pfizer brand OF azithromycin

Pfizer brand OF azithromycin dihydrate

Pharmacia brand OF azithromycin dihydrate

SAM002589961

SMR000471864

SPBio_001544

Spectrum_000307

SPECTRUM1503679

Spectrum2_001582

Spectrum3_000653

Spectrum4_000186

Spectrum5_001867

Sumamed

Toraseptol

Tromix

Ultreon

UNII-JTE4MNN1MD

Vinzam

Vita brand OF azithromycin dihydrate

XZ-450

Zentavion

ZIT

Zithromac

Zithromax

Zithromax IV

Zithromycin

Zitromax

Zitromax Avium 600

Zmas

Zmax

Z-Pak

Anti-Infective Agents

Phase 2, Phase 3

Anti-Bacterial Agents

Phase 2, Phase 3

Amoxicillin

Approved, Vet_approved

26787-78-0

33613

Synonyms:

(-)-6-(2-Amino-2-(P-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo-(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid

(2S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid

(2S,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]amino}-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylate

(2S,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]amino}-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid

26787-78-0

33911-69-2

34642-77-8 (mono-hydrochloride salt)

4-Thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 6-(2-amino-2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-, D- (8CI)

6-(a-Amino-4-hydroxyphenylacetamido)penicillanic acid

6-(D-(-)-alpha-Amino-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido)penicillanic acid

6-(D-(-)-p-Hydroxy-alpha-aminobenzyl)penicillin

6-(p-Hydroxy-a-aminophenylacetamido)penicillanate

6-(p-Hydroxy-a-aminophenylacetamido)penicillanic acid

6-(p-Hydroxy-alpha-aminophenylacetamido)penicillanate

6-(p-Hydroxy-alpha-aminophenylacetamido)penicillanic acid

6-(p-Hydroxy-α-aminophenylacetamido)penicillanate

6-(p-hydroxy-α-aminophenylacetamido)penicillanic acid

6-(p-Hydroxy-α-aminophenylacetamido)penicillanic acid

6-[[Amino(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 9ci

61336-70-7 (TRIHYDRATE)

6beta-[(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido]-2,2-dimethylpenam-3alpha-carbonyl

6beta-[(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido]-2,2-dimethylpenam-3alpha-carboxylic acid

71447-36-4

81030-75-3

a-Amino-p-hydroxybenzylpenicillin

AC-12263

AC1L1PY2

Actimoxi

Almodan

alpha-Amino-p-hydroxybenzylpenicillin

Ambap26787-78-0

AMC

Amix

Amoclen

Amolin

Amopen

Amopenixin

Amoram

Amox

Amox 250 cap 250MG

Amox 500 cap 500MG

Amox S 125 sus 125mg/5ML

Amox S 250 sus 250mg/5ML

Amoxi

Amoxibiotic

Amoxicaps

Amoxicilina

Amoxicilina [INN-Spanish]

amoxicillanyl

amoxicillin

Amoxicillin

Amoxicillin (anhydrous)

Amoxicillin (INN)

Amoxicillin (TN)

Amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium

Amoxicillin anhydrous

Amoxicillin clariana brand

AMOXICILLIN CRYSTALLINE

Amoxicillin monopotassium salt

Amoxicillin monosodium salt

Amoxicillin pediatric

AMOXICILLIN PEDIATRIC

Amoxicillin sodium

Amoxicillin trihydrate

Amoxicillin Trihydrate

Amoxicillin(usan)

Amoxicillin, (r*)-isomer

Amoxicilline

Amoxicilline [INN]

Amoxicilline [INN-French]

Amoxicillinum

Amoxicillinum [INN-Latin]

Amoxid

Amoxiden

Amoxil

Amoxi-mast

Amoxi-Mast

Amoxivet

Amoxycilin

Amoxycillin

Amoxycillin trihydrate

Amoxycillin Trihydrate

Amoxycillin, ban

Amoxymed

AMPC

Amrit

Anemolin

Anhydrous, amoxicillin

Apo-amoxi

Apo-Amoxi

Apo-amoxi cap 250MG

Apo-amoxi cap 500MG

Apo-amoxi PWR for susp 125mg/5ML

Apo-amoxi PWR for susp 250mg/5ML

Apo-amoxi sugar free

Aspenil

AUGMENTIN '125'

AUGMENTIN '200'

AUGMENTIN '250'

AUGMENTIN '400'

AUGMENTIN '500'

AUGMENTIN '875'

AUGMENTIN es-600

Biomox

BLP 1410

BL-P 1410

BPBio1_000499

BRD-K55044200-001-03-9

Bristamox

BRL 2333

BRL-2333

BSPBio_000453

C06827

Cemoxin

CHEBI:2676

CHEBI:53712

CHEMBL1082

CID33613

Clamoxyl

Clamoxyl (SKB)

Clamoxyl g.a.

Clamoxyl parenteral

Clariana brand OF amoxicillin

CPD000058707

D-(-)-alpha-Amino-p-hydroxybenzyl penicillin

D-(-)-alpha-Amino-p-hydroxybenzylpenicillin

D-(alpha-Amino-p-hydroxybenzyl)penicillin

D07452

D-2-Amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamidopenicillanic acid

D-Amoxicillin

DB01060

Delacillin

Dispermox

DisperMox

Efpenix

EINECS 248-003-8

Flemoxin

G.A., clamoxyl

Galenamox

Gen-amoxicillin 250MG

Gen-amoxicillin 500MG

Hiconcil

Histocillin

HMS1569G15

HSDB 3204

Hydroxyampicillin

Ibiamox

Imacillin

Lamoxy

Larotid

LS-149721

Metafarma capsules

Metifarma capsules

MLS000028632

MLS002222248

MolPort-003-981-182

MolPort-005-933-687

Moxacin

Moxal

Moxatag

NCGC00179554-01

Novamoxin cap 250MG

Novamoxin cap 500MG

Novamoxin sus 125mg/5ML

Novamoxin sus 250mg/5ML

NSC 277174

NSC277174

Nu-amoxi cap 250MG

Nu-amoxi cap 500MG

Nu-amoxi sus 125/5ML

Nu-amoxi sus 250mg/5ML

Ospamox

Pamoxicillin

Parenteral, clamoxyl

Penamox

Pfizer brand OF amoxicillin sodium salt

PHL-Amoxicillin

p-Hydroxyampicillin

Piramox

PMS-Amoxicillin

Polymox

Prestwick_713

Prestwick0_000357

Prestwick1_000357

Prestwick2_000357

Prestwick3_000357

Prevpac

Pro amox PWR for oral susp 125mg/5ML

Pro amox-250 cap 250MG

Pro amox-500 cap 500MG

Pro-amox-250 orl sus 250mg/5ML

R-Hydroxyampicillin

Rimoxallin

Ro 10-8756

Robamox

SAM002264592

Sauracillin

Sawamox PM

SmithKline beecham brand OF amoxicillin sodium salt

SMR000058707

Sodium, amoxicillin

SPBio_002374

Sumox

Tolodina

Trihydrate, amoxicillin

Trimox

Unicillin

Utimox

Vetramox

Wymox

Zimox

α-amino-p-hydroxybenzylpenicillin

Α-amino-p-hydroxybenzylpenicillin

Lamivudine

Approved, Investigational

134678-17-4

60825

Synonyms:

(-)-(2'R,5'S)-1-[2'-Hydroxymethyl-5'-(1,3-oxathiolanyl)]cytosine

(-)-1-((2R,5S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl)cytosine

(-)-1-[(2R,5S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]cytosine

(-)-2'-Deoxy-3'-thiacytidine

(-)-BCH 189

(-)-BCH-189

(-)-beta-L-2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine

(-)NGPB-21

(-)-SddC

(+/-) (Cis)-1-[2-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]cytosine

(+/-)-3TC

(+/-)-BCH-189

(+/-)-SddC

(2R,cis)-4-amino-1-(2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl)-(1H)-pyrimidin-2-one

.beta.-L-(-)-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine & Sho-Saiko-To

134678-17-4

2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl], (-)(2R,5S)

2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl], (-)(2R,5S) & Galanthus Nivalis Agglutinin (GNA)

2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl], (-)(2R,5S) & Hippeastrum hybrid agglutinin( HHA)

2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl], (+/-) (Cis)

2',3' Dideoxy 3' thiacytidine

2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine

3TC

3TC & GNA

3TC & SST

3TC (AIDS INITIATIVE) (AIDS INITIATIVE)

3TC and NV-01

3TC, Zeffix, Heptovir, Epivir, Epivir-HBV, Lamivudine

3'-Thia-2',3'-dideoxycytidine

480434-79-5

4-Amino-1-((2R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl)-2(1H)-pyrimidinone

4-amino-1-[(2R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one

4-amino-1-[(2R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]pyrimidin-2-one

AC-1416

AC1L1TZZ

AC1Q6C34

BCH 189

BCH189

BCH-189

BCH-790

beta-L-2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine

beta-L-3'-Thia-2',3'-dideoxycytidine

BIDD:GT0033

Bio-0652

b-L-2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine

b-L-3'-Thia-2',3'-dideoxycytidine

C07065

C8H11N3O3S

CCRIS 9274

CHEBI:133986

CHEMBL141

CID60825

CPD000466319

D00353

D019259

DB00709

DRG-0126

DTHC

Epivir

Epivir (TN)

Epivir(TM)

Epivir-HBV

Epzicom

FT-0082667

GG-714

GR 109714X

GR109714X

GR-109714X

Hepitec

Heptivir

Heptodin

Heptovir

HHA & 3TC

HHA & Lamivudine

HMS2051D21

HSDB 7155

L0217

Lamivir

Lamivudin

Lamivudina

lamivudine

Lamivudine

Lamivudine & GNA

Lamivudine (JAN/USP/INN)

Lamivudine [Usan:Ban:Inn]

Lamivudine [USAN:BAN:INN]

Lamivudine [USAN:INN:BAN]

Lamivudine, (2S-cis)-isomer

Lamivudine, (2S-cis)-Isomer

Lamivudinum

LMV

LS-2107

MLS000759424

MLS001424097

MolPort-002-507-347

NCGC00159341-03

NCGC00159341-04

NSC620753

S1706_Selleck

SAM001246582

SAM002589994

SMR000466319

STK801940

UNII-2T8Q726O95

Zeffix

Zefix

ZINC00012346

Β-L-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine

Β-L-3'-thia-2',3'-dideoxycytidine

Zidovudine

Approved

30516-87-1

35370

Synonyms:

1-(3-Azido-2,3-dideoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)thymine

3' Azido 2',3' dideoxythymidine

3' Azido 2',3' Dideoxythymidine

3' Azido 3' deoxythymidine

3&prime

30516-87-1

399024-19-2

3'-Azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine

3'-Azido-2',3'-Dideoxythymidine

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine

3-Azido-3-deoxythymidine

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine & Concanavalin A

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine & Erythropoietin

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine & Heteropolyoxotungstate PM-19

3'-Azido-3'deoxythymidine & Interferon .alpha.

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine & Interleukin-1

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine & Interleukin-2

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine & Interleukin-6

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine & Lithium & Erythropoietin

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine & Lithium & Interleukin-1

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine & Lithium & Interleukin-6

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine & Lymphoblastoid Interferon

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine & Sho-Saiko-To

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AIDS)

3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, AZT

3'-Azidothymidine

3'-Deoxy-3'-azidothymidine

A2169_SIGMA

AC1L1TKL

AC1Q2OEK

antiviral

Antiviral azt

Antiviral AZT

Apo-Zidovudine

-Azido-3&prime

azidodeoxythymidine

Azidothymidine

AZT

AZT & CD4(178)-PE 40

AZT & Colony-stimulating factor 2

AZT & Concanavalin A (ConA)

AZT & EPO

AZT & GM-CSF

AZT & HPA

AZT & IFN.alpha.

AZT & IL-1

AZT & IL-2

AZT & IL-6

AZT & Interferon-.alpha.-2

AZT & Li & EPO

AZT & Li & GM-CSF

AZT & Li & IL-1

AZT & Li & IL-6

AZT & Lymphoblastoid Interferon

AZT & NP (from PHCA or HSA)

AZT & PM-19

AZT & rIFN.alpha.2

AZT & rsCD4 & rIFN.alpha.A

AZT & rsT4

AZT & sCD4

AZT & srCD4

AZT & SST

AZT (antiviral)

AZT (Antiviral)

AZT antiviral

AZT Antiviral

AZT TRANSPLACENTAL CARCINOGENESIS STUDY

AZT, antiviral

AZT, Antiviral

AZT+PRO 140

Aztec

BB_NC-1012

BPBio1_000403

BRD-K72903603-001-04-6

BSPBio_000365

BSPBio_003153

BW a509U

BW A509U

BWA 509u

BWA 509U

BW-A 509U

BWA509u

BWA-509u

BWA509U

BWA-509U

BW-A509U

BW-A-509U

C07210

CCRIS 105

CHEBI:10110

CHEBI:127307

CHEMBL129

CID35370

Compound S

Cpd S

CPD000058351

D00413

D015215

DB00495

-deoxythymidine

DivK1c_000524

DRG-0004

DS-4152 & AZT

HMS1921J20

HMS2090G11

HMS2092D06

HMS501K06

HSDB 6515

IDI1_000524

Interferon AD + 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine

Intron A & AZT

K7 [P Ti2 W10 O40]

KBio1_000524

KBio2_001828

KBio2_004396

KBio2_006964

KBio3_002653

KBioGR_000703

KBioSS_001828

Liposomal AZT-SN-1

Liposomal AZT-SN-3

LS-1159

Met-SDF-1.beta. & AZT

Met-SDF-1.beta. & Zidovudine

MLS000028548

MLS001055351

MLS001076358

MLS002153202

MLS002222249

MolPort-002-507-286

NCGC00023945-03

NCGC00023945-04

NCGC00023945-05

NCGC00023945-08

NCGC00178237-01

NCGC00178237-02

NINDS_000524

Novo-Azt

NSC 602670

PC-SOD+AZT

Prestwick3_000333

Propolis+AZT

Racemic Liposomal AZT

racemic-dipalmitoylglycerophospho-AZT (in a lipid vesicle)

Retrovir

Retrovir (TN)

Retrovir(TM)

rIFN-beta seron & AZT

SAM002548971

SMR000058351

SN-1-dipalmitoylglycerophospho-AZT (in a lipid vesicle)

SN-3-dipalmitoylglycerophospho-AZT (in a lipid vesicle)

SPBio_000834

Spectrum_001348

SPECTRUM1502109

Spectrum2_000927

Spectrum3_001507

Spectrum4_000332

Spectrum5_001101

STK801891

UNII-4B9XT59T7S

ZDV

zidovudin

Zidovudin

Zidovudina

Zidovudina [Spanish]

zidovudine

Zidovudine

Zidovudine (JAN/USP/INN)

ZIDOVUDINE [AZT]

Zidovudine [USAN:INN:BAN:JAN]

Zidovudine EP III

Zidovudine+PRO 140

Zidovudinum

Zidovudinum [Latin]

ZINC03779042

ZVD

Nevirapine

Approved

129618-40-2

4463

Synonyms:

11-Cyclopropyl-4-methyl-5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[2,3-e:3',2'-b][1,4]diazepin-6-one

11-Cyclopropyl-4-methyl-5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[2,3-e:3',2'-b][1,4]diazepin-6-one & PRO 140 (Anti-CCR5 monoclonal antibody)

11-Cyclopropyl-4-methyl-5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepin-6-one

11-cyclopropyl-5,11-dihydro-4-methyl-6H-dipyrido(3,2-b:2',3'-e)(1,4)diazepin-6-one

11-Cyclopropyl-5,11-dihydro-4-methyl-6H-dipyrido(3,2-b:2',3'-e)(1,4)diazepin-6-one

11-CYCLOPROPYL-5,11-DIHYDRO-4-METHYL-6H-DIPYRIDO[3,2-B:2',3'-E][1,4]DIAZEPIN-6-ONE

129618-40-2

1vrt

2hny

AC1L1I81

AC-643

BI RG 587

BIDD:GT0326

Bio-0789

BIRG 0587

BIRG 587

BIRG-0587

BIRG587

BIRG-587

BI-RG-587

BI-RG-587 & CD4-IgG

C07263

C15H14N4O

Cahill May Roberts Brand of Nevirapine

CHEBI:44659

CHEMBL57

CID4463

CPD000048458

D00435

D019829

DB00238

DB08311

Hemihydrate, nevirapine

HMS2051J09

HSDB 7164

I02-0310

LS-2289

MLS000084585

MLS000759409

MLS001055309

MLS001201730

MolPort-002-507-817

N11-Cyclopropyl-4-methyl-5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e]-[1,4]diazepin-6-one & CD4-immunoadhesin

NCGC00065890-02

NEV

Nevirapina

nevirapine

Nevirapine

Nevirapine & CD4-IgG

Nevirapine & PRO 140

Nevirapine (JAN/USP/INN)

Nevirapine [USAN:INN]

Nevirapine anhydrous

Nevirapine hemihydrate

Nevirapine, anhydrous

NON-NUCLEOSIDE RT INHIBITOR NEVIRAPINE

NSC 641530

NSC641530

NVP

Promeco Brand of Nevirapine

S1742_Selleck

SAM001246551

SMR000048458

STK580320

UNII-99DK7FVK1H

Viramune

Viramune (TN)

Viramune(TM)

Viramune, BI-RG 587, Nevirapine

ZINC00004778

Cefdinir

Approved

91832-40-5

6915944

Synonyms:

(-)-(6R,7R)-7-(2-(2-Amino-4-thiazolyl)glyoxylamido)-8-oxo-3-vinyl-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid, 7(sup 2)-(Z)-oxime

(6R,7R)-7-[[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-hydroxyiminoacetyl]amino]-3-ethenyl-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid

(6R,7R)-7-{[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(hydroxyimino)acetyl]amino}-3-ethenyl-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid

(6R,7R)-7-{2-(2-amino-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[(Z)-hydroxyimino]-acetylamino}-8-oxo-3-vinyl-5-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate

(6R,7R)-7-{2-(2-amino-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[(Z)-hydroxyimino]-acetylamino}-8-oxo-3-vinyl-5-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid

(6R,7R)-7-{2-(2-Amino-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[(Z)-hydroxyimino]-acetylamino}-8-oxo-3-vinyl-5-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid

(6R,7R,Z)-7-(2-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(hydroxyimino)acetamido)-8-oxo-3-vinyl-5-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate

(6R,7R,Z)-7-(2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(hydroxyimino)acetamido)-8-oxo-3-vinyl-5-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid

(6R,7R,Z)-7-(2-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(hydroxyimino)acetamido)-8-oxo-3-vinyl-5-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid

7-(2 (2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-hydroxyiminoacetamido)-3-vinyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid

7-(2 (2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-hydroxyiminoacetamido)-3-vinyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid

7beta-[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(hydroxyimino)acetamido]-3-ethenyl-3,4-didehydrocepham-4-carboxylic acid

91832-40-5

Abbott brand OF cefdinir

AC1OCD3C

BIDD:GT0827

BMY 28488

BSPBio_002735

C08110

C14H13N5O5S2

cefdinir

Cefdinir

Cefdinir (JP15/USAN/INN)

Cefdinir [USAN:INN]

Cefdinirum

Cefdinirum [INN-Latin]

Cefdinyl

Cefdirnir

Cefzon

Cefzon (TN)

CFDN

CHEBI:3485

CHEMBL927

CI 983

CI-983

CID6915944

D00917

DB00535

FK 482

FK-482

FR-80482

HMS1922L19

HMS2093K20

KS-1038

LS-149988

MolPort-002-885-812

NCGC00178499-01

Omnicef

Omnicef (TN)

Omnicef, FK-482, BMY-28488, PD 134393, CI-983, Cefdinir

PD 134393

PD-134393

S1605_Selleck

SPECTRUM1505208

Spectrum5_001560

UNII-CI0FAO63WC

Cysteine

Approved, Nutraceutical

52-90-4

5862

Synonyms:

(+)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid

(2R)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoate

(2R)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid

(2R)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid

(2R)-2-Amino-3-sulfanylpropanoate

(2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid

(2R)-2-Amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid

(2R)-2-Amino-3-sulphanylpropanoate

(2R)-2-Amino-3-sulphanylpropanoic acid

(R)-(+)-Cysteine

(R)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoate

(R)-2-Amino-3-mercapto-propanoate

(R)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid

(R)-2-Amino-3-mercapto-propanoic acid

(R)-Cysteine

2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoate

2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid

2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionate

2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid

3-Mercapto-L-alanine

Acetylcysteine

alpha-Amino-beta-thiolpropionic acid

beta-Mercaptoalanine

b-Mercaptoalanine

Carbocysteine

Cisteina

Cisteinum

Cys

Cystein

Cysteine

CYSTEINE

Cysteine hydrochloride

Cysteinum

e 920

e920

e-920

Ecolan

Free Cysteine

FREE cysteine

Half cystine

Half-cystine

L Cysteine

L-(+)-Cysteine

L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoate

L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid

L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionate

L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid

L-Cys

L-Cystein

L-cysteine

L-Zystein

Polycysteine

Thioserine

Zinc cysteinate

Antioxidants

Anti-HIV Agents

Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Antiviral Agents

Antimetabolites

Anti-Retroviral Agents

Antibiotics, Antitubercular

Trace Elements

Vitamins

Micronutrients

Whey Protein

Nutrients

L-Alanine

Nutraceutical

56-41-7

5950

Synonyms:

(2S)-2-Aminopropanoate

(2S)-2-aminopropanoic acid

(2S)-2-Aminopropanoic acid

(C14)L-Alanine

(L)-Alanine

(S)-()-Alanine

(S)-(+)-Alanine

(S)-2-Aminopropanoate

(S)-2-Amino-propanoate

(S)-2-aminopropanoic acid

(S)-2-Aminopropanoic acid

(S)-2-Amino-propanoic acid

(S)-2-Aminopropionic acid

(S)-2-Aminopropionsaeure

(S)-alanine

(S)-Alanine

(S)-alpha-Aminopropionsaeure

05129_FLUKA

115967-49-2

130380-93-7

14C-L-Alanine

170805-71-7

18875-37-1

25191-17-7

2-Aminopropanoate

2-Aminopropanoic acid

2-Aminopropionate

2-Aminopropionic acid

2-Ammoniopropanoate

2-Ammoniopropanoic acid

56-41-7

6898-94-8

759445-89-1

787635-21-6

A0179

A4349_SIGMA

A7469_SIGMA

A7627_SIGMA

a-Alanine

a-Aminopropionate

a-Aminopropionic acid

AB1002630

Abufène

AC-014

AC1L1LHC

AC1Q297C

AC1Q29HA

AC1Q29HB

Ala

ALA

alanina

Alanina

Alanina [DCIT,Spanish]

alanine

Alanine

ALANINE

Alanine (USP)

Alanine (VAN)

Alanine [USAN:INN]

Alanine doms-adrian brand

Alanine, L- (7CI,8CI)

Alanine, L isomer

Alanine, L-isomer

Alaninum

Alaninum [Latin]

alpha-Alanine

alpha-Aminopropanoate

alpha-Aminopropanoic acid

alpha-Aminopropionate

alpha-Aminopropionic acid

AmbotzHAA1066

AR-1J2938

bmse000028

C00041

CHEBI:16977

CHEMBL279597

CID5950

D00012

DB00160

DB01786

Doms adrian brand OF alanine

Doms-adrian brand OF alanine

EINECS 200-273-8

F4F207FF-8FF8-4789-99A1-147AE0A36673

H-Ala-OH

HSDB 1801

I04-1136

InChI=1/C3H7NO2/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2H,4H2,1H3,(H,5,6

L Alanine

L-&alpha-alanine

L-(+)-Alanine

L-|A-Aminopropionic acid

L-2-Aminopropanoate

L-2-Aminopropanoic acid

L-2-Aminopropionate

L-2-Aminopropionic acid

L-2-Aminopropionsaeure

L-a-Alanine

L-a-Aminopropionate

L-a-Aminopropionic acid

L-Alanin

L-alanine

L-Alanine (9CI)

L-Alanine (JAN)

L-Alanine, homopolymer

L-Alanine, labeled with carbon-14

L-Alanine, labeled with tritium

L-Alanine, N-coco alkyl derivs.

L-alpha-alanine

L-alpha-Alanine

L-alpha-Aminopropionate

L-alpha-Aminopropionic acid

L-Isomer alanine

LPG

LS-15737

L-S-Aminopropionic acid

L-α-alanine

L-Α-alanine

MolPort-003-925-460

NCGC00024494-01

nchem.554-comp3

nchembio.145-comp31

nchembio.237-comp9

nchembio.255-comp3

nchembio816-comp4

NSC 206315

polyalanine

Poly-DL-alanine

Poly-L-alanine

Propanoic acid, 2-amino-, (S)

Tocris-0205

UNII-OF5P57N2ZX

W381829_ALDRICH

Leucine

Investigational, Nutraceutical

61-90-5

6106

Synonyms:

(2S)-2-Amino-4-methylpentanoate

(2S)-2-Amino-4-methylpentanoic acid

(2S)-a-2-Amino-4-methylvalerate

(2S)-a-2-Amino-4-methylvaleric acid

(2S)-a-Leucine

(2S)-alpha-2-Amino-4-methylvalerate

(2S)-alpha-2-Amino-4-methylvaleric acid

(2S)-alpha-Leucine

(2S)-Α-2-amino-4-methylvalerate

(2S)-Α-2-amino-4-methylvaleric acid

(2S)-Α-leucine

(S)-(+)-Leucine

(S)-2-Amino-4-methylpentanoate

(S)-2-Amino-4-methylpentanoic acid

(S)-2-Amino-4-methylvalerate

(S)-2-Amino-4-methylvaleric acid

(S)-Leucine

2-Amino-4-methylvalerate

2-Amino-4-methylvaleric acid

4-Methyl-L-norvaline

L-(+)-Leucine

L-a-Aminoisocaproate

L-a-Aminoisocaproic acid

L-alpha-Aminoisocaproate

L-alpha-Aminoisocaproic acid

Leu

Leucine

LEUCINE

Leucine, L isomer

Leucine, L-isomer

L-Isomer leucine

L-Leucin

L-Leucine

L-Leuzin

Interventional clinical trials:

(show all 25)

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	Randomized Controlled Trial of a Reduced Carbohydrate Formulation of F75 Therapeutic Milk Among Children With Severe Acute Malnutrition	Completed	NCT02246296	Phase 2, Phase 3
2	Efficacy of Supplemental Protein, Delivered Alone or in Combination With Treatment for Enteric Pathogens, to Prevent Growth Faltering in Bangladeshi Infants	Active, not recruiting	NCT03683667	Phase 2, Phase 3	Azithromycin Oral Product;Placebos
3	Use of Low-level Laser Therapy on Children Aged One to Five Years With Energy-protein Malnutrition	Unknown status	NCT03355313
4	Aromatic Amino Acid Metabolism in the Pathogenesis of Kwashiorkor	Completed	NCT00429351
5	Glutathione Homeostasis and Oxidant Damage in Kwashiorkor	Completed	NCT00069134
6	The Role of Sulfur Amino Acids in Risk of Kwashiorkor	Completed	NCT03520621
7	Developmental Contribution to Macronutrient Selection and Appetite Control in Adult Survivors of Kwashiorkor and Marasmus	Completed	NCT02257593
8	A Randomized, Double-blind Pilot Study of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-optimized Ready-to-use Therapeutic Food, Compared to Standard RUTF, in the Therapy of Severe Acute Malnutrition	Completed	NCT02053857		Amoxicillin
9	ART Pharmacokinetics, Mitochondrial Integrity, and Antioxidant Capacity in Severely Malnourished HIV-infected Malawian Children	Completed	NCT01529125		zidovudine, lamivudine, nevirapine
10	Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Oral Antibiotics in the Community-based Treatment of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Malawian Children	Completed	NCT01000298		Placebo;Amoxicillin;Cefdinir
11	Impact of Protein Supplementation After Bariatric Surgery - a Randomized, Controlled, Double Blind Pilot Study	Completed	NCT02001636		Resource Instant Protein 88;Resource Maltodextrin
12	Another Revisional Strategy to Address Severe Late Complications After Previous Biliopancreatic Diversion for Obesity: Major Revision From Standard Biliopancreatic Diversion to Proximal Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass	Completed	NCT01041456
13	Evaluation of Protein Intake, Vitamin, Mineral, and Trace Element Supplementation After Bariatric Surgery According to the German S3 Guidelines - What Effects do Age, Sex, and Socio-economic Status Have on Adherence?	Completed	NCT04587076
14	One-stage Laparoscopic Revision of Failed and/or Complicated Jejunoileal Bypass to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass	Completed	NCT01040533
15	Mothers Understand And Can do it - Mid Upper Arm Circumference Screening for Malnutrition Performed by Mothers of Children < 5 Years Old	Completed	NCT01790815
16	Characterizing the Gut Microbiota Alteration Associated With Severe Acute Malnutrition	Completed	NCT02413905
17	Effect of a Complementary Food Supplement on Growth and Morbidity of Ghanaian Infants (6 to 18 Months)	Completed	NCT03181178
18	Testing the Effectiveness and Acceptance of Home-delivered Protein-rich Meals and Foods on the Intake of Community-dwelling Older Adults.	Completed	NCT03032237
19	ELICIT 2.0: Pilot Study of the Effect of Maternal Protein Supplementation During Lactation on Childhood Growth	Recruiting	NCT04565314
20	Sarcopenia Prevention With a Targeted Exercise and Protein Supplementation Program	Recruiting	NCT03417531
21	Formative Research on the Use of Egg as a Nutritional Supplement for Young Bangladeshi Children and Breast Milk Nutrient Content of Bangladeshi Women	Recruiting	NCT03140696
22	Acute Effect of Protein Intake During Dialysis on Intradialytic Blood Pressure, 24-hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness Indices in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients.	Recruiting	NCT03947710
23	The Impact of Artificial Intelligence Dietary Smartphone Application on Nutritional Status Among Cancer Patients	Not yet recruiting	NCT04643626
24	Comparative Effect of Protein Prescription Strategies on Nitrogen Balance and Upshots in Critically Ill Patients	Not yet recruiting	NCT04468503
25	Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial to Evaluate the Benefit of Antihelminthic Therapy in the Community-Based Treatment of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Malawian Children	Withdrawn	NCT01395381		Placebo;Albendazole

Search NIH Clinical Center for Kwashiorkor

Cochrane evidence based reviews: kwashiorkor

Sources

Genetic Tests for Kwashiorkor

Sources

Anatomical Context for Kwashiorkor

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Kwashiorkor:

⁴⁰

Skin, Pancreas, Brain, Thyroid, Bone Marrow, Breast, Thymus

Sources

Publications for Kwashiorkor

Articles related to Kwashiorkor:

(show top 50) (show all 1780)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	Secondary Kwashiorkor Disease in a Patient with Gastric Bypass Surgery and Short Gut Syndrome. ⁶¹	Custer A...Kirolos H	33536404	2021
2	Kwashiorkor-like dermatosis: a rare presentation of cystic fibrosis. ⁶¹	Shajil C...Thomas M	32931600	2021
3	Difference between kwashiorkor and marasmus: Comparative meta-analysis of pathogenic characteristics and implications for treatment. ⁶¹	Pham TP...Raoult D	33359074	2021
4	Aflatoxins and kwashiorkor: A commentary on the association-causation conundrum. ⁶¹	Abdallah MF...Gonzales GB	33301766	2021
5	Dietary Protein and Amino Acid Deficiency Inhibit Pancreatic Digestive Enzyme mRNA Translation by Multiple Mechanisms. ⁶¹	Sans MD...Williams JA	32735995	2021
6	Selective Eating in Autism Spectrum Disorder Leading to Kwashiorkor and Brain Edema. ⁶¹	Maruo Y...Shiraishi H	33485032	2020
7	Reduced rotavirus vaccine efficacy in protein malnourished human-faecal-microbiota-transplanted gnotobiotic pig model is in part attributed to the gut microbiota. ⁶¹	Srivastava V...Rajashekara G	33245014	2020
8	Liver disease in obesity and underweight: the two sides of the coin. A narrative review. ⁶¹	Risi R...Watanabe M	33150534	2020
9	Aflatoxins in organs and biological samples from children affected by kwashiorkor, marasmus and marasmic-kwashiorkor: A scoping review. ⁶¹	Soriano JM...Silvestre D	32693007	2020
10	North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Position Paper: Plant-based Milks. ⁶¹	Merritt RJ...NASPGHAN Committee on Nutrition	32732790	2020
11	Risk factors for mortality and management of children with complicated severe acute malnutrition at a tertiary referral hospital in Malawi. ⁶¹	Vonasek BJ...Fitzgerald E	32242509	2020
12	mSphere of Influence: Microbiome-Associated Phenotypes Are Modifiable. ⁶¹	Woodworth MH	32611702	2020
13	Phenotype is sustained during hospital readmissions following treatment for complicated severe malnutrition among Kenyan children: A retrospective cohort study. ⁶¹	Gonzales GB...Berkley JA	31756291	2020
14	Effect of Malnutrition on Hearing Loss in Children. ⁶¹	Close MF...Meyer TA	31821252	2020
15	An infant with kwashiorkor: The forgotten disease. ⁶¹	Kamaruzaman NA...Said AH	32843945	2020
16	Follow-up of a historic cohort of children treated for severe acute malnutrition between 1988 and 2007 in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. ⁶¹	Mwene-Batu P...Donnen P	32160220	2020
17	Nutritional Treatment of a Young Infant with Cystic Fibrosis Presenting with Severe Kwashiorkor Dermatosis. ⁶¹	Sandy NS...Nogueira RJN	30897613	2019
18	Edematous severe acute malnutrition is characterized by hypomethylation of DNA. ⁶¹	Schulze KV...Hanchard NA	31857576	2019
19	An unusual case of pericardial effusion. ⁶¹	Surak A...Taheri S	31475645	2019
20	Lysosome-Rich Enterocytes Mediate Protein Absorption in the Vertebrate Gut. ⁶¹	Park J...Bagnat M	31474562	2019
21	Gut Microbiota Alteration is Characterized by a Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria Bloom in Kwashiorkor and a Bacteroidetes Paucity in Marasmus. ⁶¹	Pham TP...Raoult D	31235833	2019
22	Switching to normal diet reverses kwashiorkor-induced salivary impairments via increased nitric oxide level and expression of aquaporin 5 in the submandibular glands of male Wistar rats. ⁶¹	Lasisi TJ...Alada AR	30212637	2019
23	Assessment of Myocardial Function in Kenyan Children With Severe, Acute Malnutrition: The Cardiac Physiology in Malnutrition (CAPMAL) Study. ⁶¹	Brent B...Maitland K	30901050	2019
24	Presence of unreported carcinogens, Aflatoxins and their hydroxylated metabolites, in industrialized Oaxaca cheese from Mexico City. ⁶¹	Carvajal-Moreno M...Rojo-Callejas F	30468840	2019
25	Nutrition, the visceral immune system, and the evolutionary origins of pathogenic obesity. ⁶¹	West-Eberhard MJ	30598443	2019
26	Time-to-recovery from severe acute malnutrition in children 6-59 months of age enrolled in the outpatient treatment program in Shebedino, Southern Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study. ⁶¹	Teshome G...Gebremedhin S	30691437	2019
27	Acute kwashiorkor in the setting of cerebral palsy and pancreatic insufficiency. ⁶¹	Marks RR...Davis LS	30758347	2019
28	Lost in Aggregation: The Geographic Distribution of Kwashiorkor in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. ⁶¹	Fitzpatrick M...Maxwell D	30136596	2018
29	Acute presentation of post-operative kwashiorkor and refeeding syndrome complicated by chronic Strongyloides infection in an elderly patient. ⁶¹	Tan MCY...Wong TH	30182412	2018
30	Filling the Gaps for Enhancing the Effectiveness of Community-Based Programs Combining Treatment and Prevention of Child Malnutrition: Results from the Rainbow Project 2015⁻17 in Zambia. ⁶¹	Moramarco S...Buonomo E	30131480	2018
31	The Nail Flag Sign: Case Report in a Man with Diverticulitis and Review of Dermatology Flag Sign of the Hair, Skin, and Nails. ⁶¹	Cohen PR	30197851	2018
32	Choline Supplementation Prevents a Hallmark Disturbance of Kwashiorkor in Weanling Mice Fed a Maize Vegetable Diet: Hepatic Steatosis of Undernutrition. ⁶¹	May T...Fiorotto ML	29786674	2018
33	50 Years Ago in The Journal of Pediatrics: Do We Know How to Treat Kwashiorkor? ⁶¹	Oliveira SB	29703355	2018
34	Importance of Serum Amino Acid Profile for Induction of Hepatic Steatosis under Protein Malnutrition. ⁶¹	Nishi H...Takahashi SI	29615653	2018
35	Malaria and Malnutrition: Kwashiorkor Associated with Low Levels of Parasitaemia. ⁶¹	Fevang P...Hostmark AT	30533212	2018
36	Modifying Intestinal Integrity and Micro Biome in Severe Malnutrition with Legume-Based Feeds (MIMBLE 2.0): protocol for a phase II refined feed and intervention trial. ⁶¹	Walsh K...Maitland K	30345381	2018
37	Aflatoxin exposure in Nigerian children with severe acute malnutrition. ⁶¹	McMillan A...Sumarah MW	29175577	2018
38	Outcomes of children aged 6-59 months with severe acute malnutrition at the GADO Outpatient Therapeutic Center in Cameroon. ⁶¹	Ndzo JA...Jackson A	29361980	2018
39	Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) shows strong geographical variations in children with edema: results from 2277 surveys in 55 countries. ⁶¹	Alvarez JL...Briend A	30181875	2018
40	Developmental and behavioural problems in children with severe acute malnutrition in Malawi: A cross-sectional study. ⁶¹	van den Heuvel M...Gladstone M	29302321	2017
41	Genome sequence and description of Mobilicoccus massiliensis sp. nov. isolated from the stool of a Nigerian boy with kwashiorkor. ⁶¹	Mathlouthi N...Rolain JM	29158905	2017
42	The nutritional limitations of plant-based beverages in infancy and childhood. ⁶¹	Vitoria I	29130721	2017
43	From Kwashiorkor to Edematous Malnutrition. ⁶¹	Singh P...Seth A	28984257	2017
44	Severe childhood malnutrition. ⁶¹	Bhutta ZA...Briend A	28933421	2017
45	Genome sequence and description of Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the gut of patient with kwashiorkor. ⁶¹	Guilhot E...Khelaifia S	28289546	2017
46	A child with kwashiorkor misdiagnosed as atopic dermatitis. ⁶¹	Henrique de S B Xavier M...Braganca Oliveira N	28537869	2017
47	[Acute malnutrition in children]. ⁶¹	Rytter MJ...Christensen VB	28504629	2017
48	Myocardial and haemodynamic responses to two fluid regimens in African children with severe malnutrition and hypovolaemic shock (AFRIM study). ⁶¹	Obonyo N...Maitland K	28468633	2017
49	Molecular Evidence for Differential Long-term Outcomes of Early Life Severe Acute Malnutrition. ⁶¹	Sheppard A...Forrester T	28330812	2017
50	Treatment outcomes of severe acute malnutrition in children treated within Outpatient Therapeutic Program (OTP) at Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia: retrospective cross-sectional study. ⁶¹	Kabalo MY...Seifu CN	28279227	2017

Sources

Genes for Kwashiorkor

Genes related to Kwashiorkor (0 elite genes):

(show all 15)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	ALB	Albumin	Protein Coding	14.71	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
2	GPT	Glutamic--Pyruvic Transaminase	Protein Coding	11.41	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
3	F2	Coagulation Factor II, Thrombin	Protein Coding	10.74	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
4	ANXA6	Annexin A6	Protein Coding	6.94	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
5	LCAT	Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase	Protein Coding	6.76	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
6	LCN1	Lipocalin 1	Protein Coding	6.76	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
7	SHBG	Sex Hormone Binding Globulin	Protein Coding	6.76	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
8	SLC17A5	Solute Carrier Family 17 Member 5	Protein Coding	6.76	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
9	TTR	Transthyretin	Protein Coding	6.45	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
10	AFG1L	AFG1 Like ATPase	Protein Coding	6.44	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
11	SPATA5	Spermatogenesis Associated 5	Protein Coding	6.01	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
12	INS	Insulin	Protein Coding	5.73	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
13	CD4	CD4 Molecule	Protein Coding	5.41	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
14	LALBA	Lactalbumin Alpha	Protein Coding	5.34	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
15	CRP	C-Reactive Protein	Protein Coding	5.31	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵

Sources

Variations for Kwashiorkor

Sources

Expression for Kwashiorkor

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Kwashiorkor.

Sources

Pathways for Kwashiorkor

Pathways related to Kwashiorkor according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Folate Metabolism ¹ Show member pathways Selenium Micronutrient Network ¹ thioredoxin pathway ¹ Vitamin B12 Metabolism ¹	11.59	INS F2 CRP ALB
2	FOXA2 and FOXA3 transcription factor networks ¹	10.57	TTR INS F2 ALB
3	Cori Cycle ¹	10.36	INS GPT

Sources

GO Terms for Kwashiorkor

Cellular components related to Kwashiorkor according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	extracellular region	GO:0005576	9.61	TTR SHBG LCN1 LCAT LALBA INS
2	endoplasmic reticulum lumen	GO:0005788	9.46	INS F2 CD4 ALB
3	Golgi lumen	GO:0005796	9.43	LALBA INS F2
4	extracellular space	GO:0005615	9.28	TTR LCN1 LCAT LALBA INS GPT

Biological processes related to Kwashiorkor according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cellular protein metabolic process	GO:0044267	9.26	TTR INS F2 ALB
2	high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	GO:0034375	9.16	LCAT ALB
3	acute-phase response	GO:0006953	8.8	INS F2 CRP

Sources

Sources for Kwashiorkor

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

¹³ diseasecard

¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁵ DISEASES

¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ EFO

¹⁸ ExPASy

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GARD

²¹ GeneAnalytics

²² GeneCards

²³ GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²⁴ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁵ GeneReviews

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HMDB

³¹ HPO

³² ICD10

³³ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁴ ICD9CM

³⁵ IUPHAR

³⁶ KEGG

³⁷ LifeMap

³⁸ LncRNADisease

³⁹ LOVD

⁴⁰ MalaCards

⁴¹ MedGen

⁴² MedlinePlus

⁴³ MedlinePlus Genetics

⁴⁴ MeSH

⁴⁵ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁶ MGI

⁴⁷ miR2Disease

⁴⁸ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁹ NCI

⁵⁰ NCIt

⁵¹ NDF-RT

⁵² NIH Clinical Center

⁵³ NINDS

⁵⁴ Novoseek

⁵⁵ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁶ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁷ OMIM® (Updated 05-Mar-2021)

⁵⁸ Orphanet

⁵⁹ PathCards

⁶⁰ PharmGKB

⁶¹ PubMed

⁶² PubMed Health

⁶³ QIAGEN

⁶⁴ R&D Systems

⁶⁵ Reactome

⁶⁶ Sino Biological

⁶⁷ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁶⁹ TGDB

⁷⁰ Tocris

⁷¹ UMLS

⁷² UMLS via Orphanet

⁷³ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁴ Wikipedia