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MCID: LTN029
MIFTS: 38

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

Categories: Immune diseases, Metabolic diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults:

Name: Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults 12 44 17

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Metabolic diseases
Anatomical: Immune diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:0080846
MeSH 44 D000071698
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Summaries for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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Disease Ontology : 12 A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by a less intensive autoimmune process, highly variable β-cell destruction, different degrees of insulin resistance and heterogeneous titre and pattern of islet autoantibody, sharing features with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

MalaCards based summary : Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults is related to alpha/beta t-cell lymphopenia with gamma/delta t-cell expansion, severe cytomegalovirus infection, and autoimmunity and diabetes mellitus. An important gene associated with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults is CTLA4 (Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Innate Immune System and Class I MHC mediated antigen processing and presentation. The drugs Metformin and Saxagliptin have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include thyroid, lymph node and t cells, and related phenotypes are digestive/alimentary and liver/biliary system

Wikipedia : 74 Slowly evolving immune-mediated diabetes, or latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), is a form of... more...

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Related Diseases for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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Diseases related to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 156)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 alpha/beta t-cell lymphopenia with gamma/delta t-cell expansion, severe cytomegalovirus infection, and autoimmunity 30.8 PTPN22 INS CTLA4
2 diabetes mellitus 30.5 PTPN22 INS HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
3 diabetes mellitus, ketosis-prone 30.5 INS CTLA4
4 type 1 diabetes mellitus 30.3 PTPN22 INS HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
5 thyroid gland disease 30.0 INS CTLA4
6 type 2 diabetes mellitus 29.9 INS HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
7 thyroiditis 29.6 PTPN22 INS HLA-DRB1 CTLA4
8 autoimmune disease 29.6 PTPN22 INS HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
9 celiac disease 1 29.0 PTPN22 INS HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
10 hypothyroidism 10.3
11 insulinoma 10.3
12 neuropathy 10.3
13 erythermalgia, primary 10.2
14 body mass index quantitative trait locus 1 10.2
15 monocarboxylate transporter 1 deficiency 10.2
16 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 10.2
17 lipid metabolism disorder 10.2
18 liver disease 10.2
19 hyperglycemia 10.2
20 fatty liver disease 10.2
21 47,xyy 10.2
22 cholangitis 10.1 HLA-DRB1 CTLA4
23 anca-associated vasculitis 10.1 PTPN22 CTLA4
24 limbic encephalitis with lgi1 antibodies 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
25 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
26 pemphigus foliaceus 10.1 HLA-DRB1 CTLA4
27 hypersomnia 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
28 narcolepsy 2 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
29 htlv-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
30 occupational asthma 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
31 primary adrenal insufficiency 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
32 recurrent respiratory papillomatosis 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
33 beryllium disease 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
34 scleritis 10.1 PTPN22 CTLA4
35 apple allergy 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
36 sympathetic ophthalmia 10.1 HLA-DRB1 CTLA4
37 chronic beryllium disease 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
38 metal allergy 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
39 autoimmune hepatitis type 1 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
40 focal epithelial hyperplasia 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
41 pediatric multiple sclerosis 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
42 podoconiosis 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
43 idiopathic nephrotic syndrome 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
44 osteonecrosis of the jaw 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
45 pityriasis rosea 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
46 pemphigus 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
47 narcolepsy 1 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
48 ocular cicatricial pemphigoid 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
49 cicatricial pemphigoid 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
50 red cell aplasia 10.1 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults:



Diseases related to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 9.26 CTLA4 HLA-DQB1 INS PTPN22
2 liver/biliary system MP:0005370 8.92 CTLA4 HLA-DQB1 INS PTPN22
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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Drugs for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 36)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Metformin Approved Phase 4 657-24-9 14219 4091
2
Saxagliptin Approved Phase 4 361442-04-8 11243969
3
Zinc Approved, Investigational Phase 4 7440-66-6 32051
4
Vitamin D Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 4 1406-16-2
5
Vitamin D3 Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4 67-97-0 6221 5280795
6 Insulin, Globin Zinc Phase 4
7 Hypoglycemic Agents Phase 4
8 insulin Phase 4
9 Trace Elements Phase 4
10 Vitamins Phase 4
11 Calciferol Phase 4
12 Nutrients Phase 4
13 Micronutrients Phase 4
14 Hormones Phase 4
15 Hormone Antagonists Phase 4
16 Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors Phase 4
17 Calcium, Dietary Phase 4
18
protease inhibitors Phase 4
19 HIV Protease Inhibitors Phase 4
20 Incretins Phase 4
21
Calcium Nutraceutical Phase 4 7440-70-2 271
22
Aluminum hydroxide Approved, Investigational Phase 2 21645-51-2
23
Aluminum sulfate Approved Phase 2 10043-01-3
24
Glutamic acid Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 2 56-86-0 33032
25 Immunologic Factors Phase 2
26 Gastrointestinal Agents Phase 2
27 Antacids Phase 2
28 Adjuvants, Immunologic Phase 2
29 Anti-Ulcer Agents Phase 2
30 Vaccines Phase 2
31
Insulin aspart Approved 116094-23-6 16132418
32
Rosiglitazone Approved, Investigational 122320-73-4 77999
33
Glyburide Approved 10238-21-8 3488
34 Insulin aspart, insulin aspart protamine drug combination 30:70
35 Protamines
36 Autoantibodies

Interventional clinical trials:


# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 A Randomized Controlled, Open-label, Multi-center Study With 104-week Saxagliptin or (and) Vitamin D3 Assessing Protective Effects on Beta Cell Function in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) Treated With Metformin (and Insulin) Recruiting NCT02407899 Phase 4 Saxagliptin;Vitamin D3;Insulin;Metformin
2 A Placebo-Controlled Study to Investigate the Impact of Diamyd® on the Diabetes Status of Patients With LADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adult) Completed NCT00456027 Phase 2 rhGAD65 formulated in Alhydrogel® (Diamyd®)
3 A Pilot Study on Safety, Feasibility and Insulin-promotion by Intra-inguinal Lymph Node Injections of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) in Patients With LADA Type of Diabetes Recruiting NCT04262479 Phase 2 recombinant human glutamic acid dehydrogenase (rhGAD65), formulated in aluminium hydrogel;Vitamin D
4 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study to Investigate the Safety and Tolerability as Well as the Immunological and Clinical Efficacy of Multiple Subcutaneous Doses of DiaPep277 in LADA Subjects Terminated NCT00058981 Phase 2 DiaPep277
5 Randomized, Controlled, Parallel-Group Prospective Study to Investigate the Clinical Effectiveness of Early Insulin Treatment in Patients With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults Unknown status NCT00776607 NovoMix 30;Tablet treatment
6 A Study of the Genetic Causes of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults Completed NCT01793974
7 Rosiglitazone Intervention Study in Patients With Type 1.5 Diabetes Completed NCT00194896 rosiglitazone;glyburide
8 Autoimmune Diabetes: Disease Markers and Treatment of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) Withdrawn NCT01148238

Search NIH Clinical Center for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

Cochrane evidence based reviews: latent autoimmune diabetes in adults

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Genetic Tests for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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Anatomical Context for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults:

40
Thyroid, Lymph Node, T Cells, Pancreas, Neutrophil, Kidney, Skin
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Publications for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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Articles related to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults:

(show top 50) (show all 440)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Treating latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in the era of cardiovascular outcomes trials: Old dog should learn new tricks. 61
33306839 2021
2
Prevalence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies among patients presenting with type 2 diabetes and related metabolic differences. 61
32798203 2021
3
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2-induced euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis unmasks latent autoimmune diabetes in a patient misdiagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case report. 61
33581735 2021
4
microRNA-143-3p contributes to inflammatory reactions by targeting FOSL2 in PBMCs from patients with autoimmune diabetes mellitus. 61
32815005 2021
5
Comparing the bone mineral density among male patients with latent autoimmune diabetes and classical type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and exploring risk factors for osteoporosis. 61
33387352 2021
6
Cross-reactive peptide epitopes of Enterovirus Coxsackie B4 and human glutamic acid decarboxylase detecting antibodies in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults versus type 1 diabetes. 61
33422493 2021
7
COVID-19-Induced Diabetic Ketoacidosis in an Adult with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes. 61
33604221 2021
8
A long and winding road to understand latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. 61
33395070 2021
9
Islet function and insulin sensitivity in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults taking sitagliptin: A randomized trial. 61
33475138 2021
10
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Review of Clinically Relevant Issues. 61
32424495 2021
11
Increased spontaneous CCL2 (MCP-1) and CCL5 (RANTES) secretion in vitro in LADA compared to type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes: Action LADA 14. 61
33369072 2020
12
The association of HLA-DP loci with autoimmune diabetes in Chinese. 61
33307130 2020
13
Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes: comparative analysis of classical and latent presentation. 61
33292447 2020
14
Physical Activity, Genetic Susceptibility, and the Risk of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults and Type 2 Diabetes. 61
32835373 2020
15
Risk of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults is similar to type 1 diabetes and lower compared to type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. 61
33170958 2020
16
Management of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Consensus Statement From an International Expert Panel. 61
32847960 2020
17
Neutrophil count as a reliable marker for diabetic kidney disease in autoimmune diabetes. 61
33092580 2020
18
Bone microarchitecture abnormalities in type 1 diabetes and in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. A potential role for C-peptide. 61
33057987 2020
19
The clinical consequences of heterogeneity within and between different diabetes types. 61
32894314 2020
20
Effect of extract from Boswellia serrata gum resin on decrease of GAD65 autoantibodies in a patient with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults. 61
32663183 2020
21
Correct Diabetes Diagnosis and Treatment Allows Sailor to Remain on Active Duty. 61
32373933 2020
22
Autoantibodies against zinc transporter 8 further stratify the autoantibody-defined risk for type 1 diabetes in a general population of schoolchildren and have distinctive isoform binding patterns in different forms of autoimmune diabetes: results from the Karlsburg Type 1 Diabetes Risk Study. 61
32799407 2020
23
Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Adults Presenting With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor-Associated Diabetic Ketoacidosis at a Canadian Academic Tertiary Care Hospital. 61
33046401 2020
24
Bone mineral density spectrum in individuals with type 1 diabetes, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, and type 2 diabetes. 61
32748546 2020
25
New Insights into the Genetics of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults. 61
32725517 2020
26
Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes in 2020: An update. 61
32498935 2020
27
Adding vitamin D3 to the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor saxagliptin has the potential to protect β-cell function in LADA patients: A 1-year pilot study. 61
32043288 2020
28
Association of Rs231775 Genetic Variant of Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte Associated Protein 4 with Alopecia Areata Disease in Males: A Case-Control Study. 61
32731768 2020
29
Low rate of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) in patients followed for type 2 diabetes: A single center's experience in Turkey. 61
32609149 2020
30
[Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults]. 61
32514953 2020
31
Consumption of red meat, genetic susceptibility, and risk of LADA and type 2 diabetes. 61
32444887 2020
32
Bariatric Surgery in Patients With Obesity and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA). 61
32188775 2020
33
Distinct secretion pattern of serum proinsulin in different types of diabetes. 61
32395496 2020
34
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Detection by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identifies Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults with Poor Islet Function. 61
31769235 2020
35
Pancreas Pathology of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) in Patients and in a LADA Rat Model Compared With Type 1 Diabetes. 61
31974139 2020
36
Cohort profile: the Funen Diabetes Database-a population-based cohort of patients with diabetes in Denmark. 61
32265246 2020
37
Altered peripheral nerve structure and function in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. 61
31833206 2020
38
Genetic Discrimination Between LADA and Childhood-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Within the MHC. 61
31843946 2020
39
Therapeutic approaches for latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: One size does not fit all. 61
31449359 2020
40
Men with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes May Have Different Change Patterns in Free Testosterone. 61
32775431 2020
41
Abnormal Neutrophil Transcriptional Signature May Predict Newly Diagnosed Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults of South China. 61
33391182 2020
42
The Differential Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults. 61
32148491 2020
43
Exogenous Insulin Injection-Induced Stiff-Person Syndrome in a Patient With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes: A Case Report and Literature Review. 61
32982980 2020
44
Serum 1,5-Anhydroglucitol to Glycated Albumin Ratio Can Help Early Distinguish Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus from Newly Onset Type 1A Diabetes Mellitus. 61
32280712 2020
45
Past, present and future of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. 61
31318117 2020
46
Pathophysiological characteristics in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults using clamp tests: evidence of a continuous disease spectrum of diabetes. 61
31372750 2019
47
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 +49A/G polymorphisms in Sudanese adults with type 1 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes. 61
31771625 2019
48
Clinical manifestation and islet β-cell function of a subtype of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA): positive for T cell responses in phenotypic type 2 diabetes. 61
31367990 2019
49
Interaction Between Overweight and Genotypes of HLA, TCF7L2, and FTO in Relation to the Risk of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults and Type 2 Diabetes. 61
31125083 2019
50
Sepsis in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults with Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Case Report. 61
32002083 2019
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Variations for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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Expression for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.
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Pathways for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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Pathways related to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 12)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Innate Immune System 65
Show member pathways
 13.5 PTPN22 MICA INS HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
2
Class I MHC mediated antigen processing and presentation 65
Show member pathways
 12.81 PTPN22 MICA INS HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
3
Allograft rejection 36 1
Show member pathways
 12.1 MICA INS HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
4
ICos-ICosL Pathway in T-Helper Cell 63
Show member pathways
 12.03 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
5
TCR signaling (REACTOME) 65
Show member pathways
 11.98 PTPN22 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
6
CD28 co-stimulation 65
Show member pathways
 11.82 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
7
Cell adhesion molecules 36
11.72 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
8
Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse 65
Show member pathways
 11.54 PTPN22 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
9
Staphylococcus aureus infection 36
11.49 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
10
G-protein signaling N-RAS regulation pathway 23
Show member pathways
 11.45 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
11
Rheumatoid arthritis 36
11.4 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
12
CTLA4 Signaling 63
10.78 PTPN22 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
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GO Terms for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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Cellular components related to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 external side of plasma membrane GO:0009897 9.5 MICA HLA-DRB1 CTLA4
2 endocytic vesicle membrane GO:0030666 9.4 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
3 ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane GO:0012507 9.37 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
4 transport vesicle membrane GO:0030658 9.26 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
5 clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane GO:0030669 9.16 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
6 integral component of lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane GO:0071556 8.96 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
7 MHC class II protein complex GO:0042613 8.62 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1

Biological processes related to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 immune system process GO:0002376 9.67 PTPN22 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
2 adaptive immune response GO:0002250 9.65 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
3 immune response GO:0006955 9.56 MICA HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4
4 interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway GO:0060333 9.46 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
5 antigen processing and presentation GO:0019882 9.43 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
6 negative regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0042130 9.4 HLA-DRB1 CTLA4
7 antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II GO:0002504 9.32 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
8 humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin GO:0002455 9.16 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
9 immunoglobulin production involved in immunoglobulin mediated immune response GO:0002381 8.96 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
10 T cell receptor signaling pathway GO:0050852 8.92 PTPN22 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1 CTLA4

Molecular functions related to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 peptide antigen binding GO:0042605 8.96 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
2 MHC class II receptor activity GO:0032395 8.62 HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1
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Sources for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
20 GARD
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 05-Mar-2021)
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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