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MCID: LCH001
MIFTS: 42

Leech Infestation

Categories: Infectious diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Leech Infestation

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Leech Infestation:

Name: Leech Infestation 12 15 73
Hirudiniasis 12
Leeches 12

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Infectious diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 33


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:11079
ICD10 33 B88.3
ICD9CM 35 134.2
UMLS 73 C0019575
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Summaries for Leech Infestation

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Disease Ontology : 12 A parasitic ectoparasitic infectious disease that involves parasitic infestation by members of the subclass Hirudinea. The leeches remain attached to their hosts and feed on blood until they become full, at which point they fall off to digest. While feeding, they release an anesthetic and use a combination of mucus and suction to stay attached and secrete an anti-clotting enzyme, hirudin, into the host's blood stream.

MalaCards based summary : Leech Infestation, also known as hirudiniasis, is related to boomerang dysplasia and acquired hemophilia. An important gene associated with Leech Infestation is SERPINC1 (Serpin Family C Member 1), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+ and Collagen chain trimerization. The drugs Gastrointestinal Agents and Aztreonam have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include heart and eye, and related phenotypes are cardiovascular system and hematopoietic system

Wikipedia : 76 Leeches are segmented parasitic or predatory worm-like animals that belong to the phylum Annelida and... more...

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Related Diseases for Leech Infestation

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Diseases related to Leech Infestation via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 149)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 boomerang dysplasia 10.6 FLNA SERPINC1
2 acquired hemophilia 10.5 F10 F3
3 angina pectoris 10.5 F3 SERPINC1
4 intracranial thrombosis 10.5 F3 SERPINC1
5 carotid artery thrombosis 10.5 F10 F3
6 coronary thrombosis 10.5 F3 SERPINC1
7 japanese spotted fever 10.5 KANTR SERPINC1
8 factor xii deficiency 10.5 F3 SERPINC1
9 posterior myocardial infarction 10.5 KANTR SERPINC1
10 pulmonary immaturity 10.5 F3 SERPINC1
11 senile entropion 10.4 FLNA KANTR
12 paraphimosis 10.4 FLNA KANTR
13 hemophilia a 10.4 F10 F3
14 spinal cord infarction 10.4 F2 SERPINC1
15 conjugate gaze palsy 10.4 F3 PLG
16 sudden sensorineural hearing loss 10.4 F2 SERPINC1
17 blood protein disease 10.4 F2 SERPINC1
18 subdural empyema 10.4 FLNA KANTR
19 ischemic colitis 10.4 F2 SERPINC1
20 sneddon syndrome 10.3 F2 SERPINC1
21 retinal artery occlusion 10.3 F2 SERPINC1
22 dysbaric osteonecrosis 10.3 F3 PLG
23 esophageal varix 10.3 F2 SERPINC1
24 thrombophlebitis 10.3 F2 SERPINC1
25 urethral calculus 10.3 F2 FLNA
26 post-thrombotic syndrome 10.3 F2 SERPINC1
27 acute anterolateral myocardial infarction 10.3 KANTR PLG
28 hemometra 10.3 F3 KANTR
29 vertebral artery occlusion 10.3 F3 PLG
30 hypersplenism 10.3 F2 SERPINC1
31 posterolateral myocardial infarction 10.3 KANTR PLG
32 lemierre's syndrome 10.3 F3 PLG
33 facial neuralgia 10.3 KANTR PLG
34 central retinal vein occlusion 10.3 F2 SERPINC1
35 cardiovascular organ benign neoplasm 10.3 FLNA KANTR
36 benign perivascular tumor 10.3 FLNA KANTR
37 cerebral arteritis 10.3 KANTR PLG
38 taylor's syndrome 10.3 F2 FLNA
39 apical myocardial infarction 10.3 KANTR PLG
40 shwartzman phenomenon 10.3 F3 KANTR
41 lower urinary tract calculus 10.3 F2 FLNA
42 placenta disease 10.3 F3 SERPINC1
43 alveolar periostitis 10.3 KANTR PLG
44 portal vein thrombosis 10.3 F2 SERPINC1
45 patent foramen ovale 10.3 F2 SERPINC1
46 anteroseptal myocardial infarction 10.3 KANTR PLG
47 cerebral sinovenous thrombosis 10.2 F2 F3
48 scott syndrome 10.2 F10 F2
49 brown-sequard syndrome 10.2 KANTR PLG
50 glomangioma 10.2 FLNA KANTR

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Leech Infestation:



Diseases related to Leech Infestation
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Leech Infestation

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Leech Infestation:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 9.91 FLNA JAK1 PLG F10 F2 SERPINC1
2 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 9.8 F3 FLNA JAK1 PLG F2 SERPINC1
3 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 9.8 F3 FLNA JAK1 PLG F10 F2
4 immune system MP:0005387 9.63 F3 FLNA JAK1 PLG F2 SERPINC1
5 mortality/aging MP:0010768 9.5 F3 FLNA JAK1 PLG F10 F2
6 respiratory system MP:0005388 9.02 F3 FLNA JAK1 PLG F2
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Leech Infestation

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Drugs for Leech Infestation (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 64)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1 Gastrointestinal Agents Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2
2
Aztreonam Approved Phase 3 78110-38-0 5362041 5742832
3 Vaccines Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2
4 Anti-Bacterial Agents Phase 3
5 Antibiotics, Antitubercular Phase 3
6 Pharmaceutical Solutions Phase 3,Phase 2
7
Aluminum hydroxide Approved, Investigational Phase 1, Phase 2 21645-51-2
8
Formaldehyde Approved, Vet_approved Phase 1, Phase 2 50-00-0 712
9 Adjuvants, Immunologic Phase 1, Phase 2
10 Antacids Phase 1, Phase 2
11 Anti-Infective Agents Phase 1, Phase 2
12 Anti-Ulcer Agents Phase 1, Phase 2
13 Disinfectants Phase 1, Phase 2
14
Protein C Approved Phase 1
15
Aluminum sulfate Approved Phase 1 10043-01-3
16 Drotrecogin alfa activated Phase 1
17
Aspirin Approved, Vet_approved Early Phase 1 50-78-2 2244
18
Metoprolol Approved, Investigational Early Phase 1 37350-58-6, 51384-51-1 4171
19
Ramipril Approved Early Phase 1 87333-19-5 5362129
20
Cyclophosphamide Approved, Investigational 50-18-0, 6055-19-2 2907
21
Tacrolimus Approved, Investigational 104987-11-3 445643 439492
22
Norepinephrine Approved Not Applicable 51-41-2 439260
23
Diclofenac Approved, Vet_approved Not Applicable 15307-86-5 3033
24 Adrenergic Agents Early Phase 1,Not Applicable
25 Adrenergic Antagonists Early Phase 1
26 Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists Early Phase 1
27 Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Early Phase 1
28 Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Early Phase 1
29 Anti-Arrhythmia Agents Early Phase 1
30 Anticholesteremic Agents Early Phase 1
31 Antihypertensive Agents Early Phase 1
32 Antimetabolites Early Phase 1
33 Atorvastatin Calcium Early Phase 1 134523-03-8
34 Autonomic Agents Early Phase 1,Not Applicable
35 Calcium, Dietary Early Phase 1
36 HIV Protease Inhibitors Early Phase 1
37 Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Early Phase 1
38 Hypolipidemic Agents Early Phase 1
39 Lipid Regulating Agents Early Phase 1
40 Neurotransmitter Agents Early Phase 1,Not Applicable
41 Peripheral Nervous System Agents Early Phase 1,Not Applicable
42
protease inhibitors Early Phase 1
43 Sympatholytics Early Phase 1
44 Alkylating Agents
45 Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating
46 Antirheumatic Agents ,Not Applicable
47 Cyclosporins
48 glucocorticoids
49 Hormone Antagonists
50 Hormones

Interventional clinical trials:

(show all 22)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Urotherapy vs. Urotherapy With Constipation Treatment for Children With Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Withdrawn NCT02336906 Phase 4 polyethylene glycol 3350
2 Urotherapy vs. Urotherapy With Constipation Treatment for Nocturnal Enuresis Withdrawn NCT02337413 Phase 4 Polyethylene glycol 3350
3 Role of Sleep Apnea and Sympathetic Activity in Resistant Hypertensive Patients. Completed NCT01875341 Phase 3
4 Adult Safety Study of 2009/2010 Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Completed NCT01063088 Phase 3
5 Safety and Effectiveness of AZLI (an Inhaled Antibiotic) in Adults With Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis Completed NCT01314716 Phase 3 AZLI;Placebo
6 Extension of Study TKT024 Evaluating Long-Term Safety and Clinical Outcomes in MPS II Patients Receiving Idursulfase Completed NCT00630747 Phase 2, Phase 3
7 Clinical Evaluation of Leech Therapy in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis Completed NCT02612974 Phase 2
8 Leeches for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis Completed NCT00435773 Phase 2
9 Open-label Study to Assess Immunogenicity and Safety of a Vaccine Enhancement Patch When Administered With 2 Doses of H5N1 Vaccine Completed NCT01353534 Phase 1, Phase 2 Vaccine Enhancement Patch
10 A/H1N1 Immunogenicity and Safety in Adults Completed NCT00959465 Phase 1, Phase 2
11 Safety and Immunogenicity Study of a Ross River Virus (RRV) Vaccine Completed NCT00717834 Phase 1, Phase 2
12 Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Single and Multiple Ascending Doses of 3K3A-APC in Healthy Adult Volunteers Completed NCT01660230 Phase 1 0.9% NaCl in water
13 An Open-label Study Assessing Safety, Immunogenicity and Dose Response of IC84 Completed NCT01296386 Phase 1
14 Acupoint Application in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris (AASAP) Unknown status NCT02029118 Early Phase 1 Herbal plaster ( styrax, borneol, frankincense, santalum,trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, allium macrostemon Bunge, leech);Aspirin: 100mg qd; Metoprolol：25mg bid; Ramipril:5mg qd; Atorvastatin:20mg qn.
15 Study on Single-nucleotide-polymorphism in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy Unknown status NCT01799460 The Comprehensive Treatment Regimen of Traditional Chinese Medicine;The immunosuppressive agents
16 RISA Extension Study - Long Term Safety Unknown status NCT00401986
17 Comprehensive Nano - PMCF Study Recruiting NCT03423953
18 ASV Effects on Myocardial Energetics and Sympathetic Nerve Function in Heart Failure and Sleep Apnea. Recruiting NCT02116140 Not Applicable
19 The National Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Study Recruiting NCT02775383
20 Pulmonary Embolism Short-term Clinical Outcomes Registry Recruiting NCT02883491
21 Effectiveness and Safety of Breeded Leech for Symptomatic Primary Arthrosis of the First Carpometacarpal Joint Active, not recruiting NCT03020368 Not Applicable Diclofenac
22 Leech Therapy for Postherpetic Neuralgia Terminated NCT01744522

Search NIH Clinical Center for Leech Infestation

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Genetic Tests for Leech Infestation

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Anatomical Context for Leech Infestation

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Leech Infestation:

41
Heart, Eye
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Publications for Leech Infestation

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Articles related to Leech Infestation:

(show all 45)
# Title Authors Year
1
Severe anemia due to pharyngeal leech infestation; aA case report from Ethiopia. ( 29025407 )
2017
2
Upper airway obstruction and hemoptysis due to a leech infestation in a child. ( 26655785 )
2016
3
Bronchial Leech Infestation in a 15-Year-Old Female. ( 27752380 )
2016
4
Epistaxis Due to Leech Infestation in Nose: A Report of Six Cases and Review of Literature. ( 27066409 )
2016
5
Vaginal Leech Infestation: A Rare Cause of Hypovolumic Shock In Postmenopausal Woman. ( 26949304 )
2015
6
Ocular leech infestation. ( 25784786 )
2015
7
An Unusual Cause of Bleeding on the Floor of Mouth: Leech Infestation. ( 26809923 )
2015
8
Leech Infestation in the Vulvar Region: A Possibility to be Considered. ( 25709802 )
2014
9
A rare case report of tracheal leech infestation in a 40-year-old woman. ( 25419405 )
2014
10
Mass leech infestation of sculpin fish in Lake Baikal, with clarification of disease-prone species and parasite taxonomy. ( 25004101 )
2014
11
Leech infestation: the unusual cause of upper airway obstruction. ( 23559840 )
2013
12
Ocular leech infestation initially misdiagnosed as conjunctival pigmented nevus. ( 23991397 )
2013
13
Eye bleeding due to leech infestation in an ischemic heart- disease patient. ( 22754689 )
2012
14
Intermittent gastrointestinal bleeding in a child: leech infestation. ( 23429838 )
2012
15
Leech infestation in children through body orifices: experience in a hospital in Bangladesh. ( 22543722 )
2012
16
Nasal leech infestation causing persistent epistaxis. ( 21887037 )
2011
17
Nasal leech infestation: report of seven leeches and literature review. ( 20037786 )
2010
18
Oropharyngeal leech infestation and therapeutic options. ( 21391194 )
2010
19
Ocular leech infestation. ( 20804315 )
2010
20
Nasal leech infestation in children: comparison of two different innovative techniques. ( 19395059 )
2009
21
An unusual cause of gastrointestinal bleeding and severe anemia in a child: leech infestation. ( 19264837 )
2009
22
A case series of bleeding due to Leech infestation from the Gimbie region, Ethiopia. ( 18302875 )
2008
23
Unusual cause of unilateral epistaxis: nasal leech infestation. ( 18552891 )
2008
24
Adult ocular leech infestation. ( 15832186 )
2006
25
Leech infestation and its association with water drinking habits. ( 16542595 )
2006
26
A case of conjunctival leech infestation. ( 16453190 )
2006
27
The influence of agricultural and urban contamination on leech infestation of freshwater turtles, Phrynops geoffroanus, taken from two areas of the Uberabinha River. ( 15327164 )
2004
28
Aquatic leech infestation: a rare cause of severe anaemia in an adolescent Tanzanian girl. ( 15346909 )
2004
29
Unexpected result in the etiological approaching to an anemic case: a leech infestation. ( 12959860 )
2003
30
Leech infestation as a potential cause of hemoptysis in childhood. ( 11784268 )
2002
31
Leech infestation: an unusual cause of hoarseness. ( 11991029 )
2002
32
Ocular leech infestation in a child. ( 9222244 )
1997
33
Post menopausal vaginal bleeding due to vaginal wall leech infestation. ( 7588657 )
1995
34
Post menopausal vaginal bleeding due to vaginal wall leech infestation. ( 8674494 )
1995
35
Haematemesis due to leech infestation. ( 1694646 )
1990
36
Leech infestation of mute swans (Cygnus olor) ( 2718339 )
1989
37
Leech infestation of livestock. ( 2773211 )
1989
38
Tails of the unexpectorated: experiences with leech infestation in childhood. ( 2449848 )
1987
39
Leech infestation of man in Al-Taif, Saudi Arabia. ( 3693958 )
1987
40
Nasal leech infestation of man. ( 3603699 )
1987
41
Correlation of leech infestation and eosinophilia in alligators. ( 448620 )
1979
42
Leech infestation of man in Rhodesia. ( 860320 )
1977
43
Nasal leech infestation in man. ( 5493048 )
1970
44
Nasal leech infestation in the rhesus monkey. ( 4249653 )
1970
45
Further note on leech infestation in man. ( 18119173 )
1949
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Variations for Leech Infestation

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Expression for Leech Infestation

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Leech Infestation.
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Pathways for Leech Infestation

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Pathways related to Leech Infestation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+ 66
Show member pathways
 12.78 F10 F2 F3 FLNA JAK1 PLG
2
Collagen chain trimerization 66
Show member pathways
 12.34 F10 F2 F3 SERPINC1
3
Immune response IL-23 signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 12.14 F2 JAK1 PLG
4
Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade) 66
Show member pathways
 11.56 F10 F2 F3 PLG SERPINC1
5
Complement and coagulation cascades 1 37
11.16 F10 F2 F3 PLG SERPINC1
6
Syndecan-4-mediated signaling events 1
10.9 F2 PLG
7
Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) 66
10.69 F2 PLG
8
Warfarin Pathway, Pharmacodynamics 61
10.43 F10 F2
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GO Terms for Leech Infestation

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Cellular components related to Leech Infestation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 endoplasmic reticulum lumen GO:0005788 9.43 F10 F2 SERPINC1
2 extracellular region GO:0005576 9.43 F10 F2 F3 FLNA PLG SERPINC1
3 blood microparticle GO:0072562 9.33 F2 PLG SERPINC1
4 intrinsic component of external side of plasma membrane GO:0031233 8.62 F10 F3

Biological processes related to Leech Infestation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cellular protein metabolic process GO:0044267 9.65 F2 PLG SERPINC1
2 signal peptide processing GO:0006465 9.46 F10 F2
3 fibrinolysis GO:0042730 9.43 F2 PLG
4 blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway GO:0007597 9.4 F10 F2
5 regulation of blood coagulation GO:0030193 9.37 F2 SERPINC1
6 blood coagulation GO:0007596 9.35 F10 F2 F3 PLG SERPINC1
7 peptidyl-glutamic acid carboxylation GO:0017187 9.32 F10 F2
8 negative regulation of fibrinolysis GO:0051918 9.26 F2 PLG
9 blood coagulation, extrinsic pathway GO:0007598 9.16 F10 F3
10 hemostasis GO:0007599 9.02 F10 F2 F3 PLG SERPINC1

Molecular functions related to Leech Infestation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 serine-type peptidase activity GO:0008236 9.13 F10 F2 PLG
2 serine-type endopeptidase activity GO:0004252 8.92 F10 F2 F3 PLG
Sources

Sources for Leech Infestation

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet
35 ICD9CM
36 IUPHAR
37 KEGG
38 LifeMap
40 LOVD
42 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
54 NINDS
55 Novoseek
57 OMIM
58 OMIM via Orphanet
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
71 TGDB
72 Tocris
73 UMLS
74 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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