Lentigines disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: LNT004 MIFTS: 46	Lentigines Categories: Skin diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs Expand all tables

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Aliases & Classifications for Lentigines

MalaCards integrated aliases for Lentigines:

Name: Lentigines ⁵⁶ ⁵⁴

Lentigo ⁷¹

Characteristics:

OMIM:

⁵⁶

Inheritance:
autosomal dominant

HPO:

³¹

lentigines:
Inheritance autosomal dominant inheritance

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Skin diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

External Ids:

OMIM ⁵⁶ 150900

MedGen ⁴¹ C0023321

SNOMED-CT via HPO ⁶⁸ 199879009 263681008 563001 more

UMLS ⁷¹ C0023321

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Summaries for Lentigines

MalaCards based summary : Lentigines, also known as lentigo, is related to leopard syndrome and melanocytic nevus syndrome, congenital. An important gene associated with Lentigines is PTPN11 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 11), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Sertoli-Sertoli Cell Junction Dynamics and Aldosterone synthesis and secretion. The drugs Aminolevulinic acid and Vitamin A have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include skin, heart and lymph node, and related phenotypes are nystagmus and abnormality of the skin

Wikipedia : ⁷⁴ A lentigo (/l?n'ta?go?/) (plural lentigines, /l?n't?d??ni?z/) is a small pigmented spot on the skin with... more...

More information from OMIM: 150900

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Related Diseases for Lentigines

Diseases related to Lentigines via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 208)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	leopard syndrome	33.1	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
2	melanocytic nevus syndrome, congenital	32.4	PRKAR1A MC1R
3	noonan syndrome 1	31.6	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
4	nodular malignant melanoma	30.0	MC1R BRAF
5	hypertelorism	29.8	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
6	skin melanoma	29.7	MC1R BRAF
7	hypertrophic cardiomyopathy	29.7	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
8	pulmonic stenosis	29.1	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
9	rasopathy	29.1	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
10	melanoma, cutaneous malignant 1	29.0	RAF1 MC1R BRAF
11	acral lentiginous melanoma	12.8
12	leopard syndrome 1	12.1
13	gastrocutaneous syndrome	12.1
14	carney complex variant	12.0
15	lentiginosis, inherited patterned	11.6
16	phacomatosis pigmentokeratotica	11.5
17	phakomatosis pigmentokeratotica	11.5
18	dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria 1	11.5
19	leopard syndrome 2	11.5
20	leopard syndrome 3	11.5
21	uv-sensitive syndrome	11.3
22	nevoid hypermelanosis, linear and whorled	11.2
23	spastic paraplegia 23, autosomal recessive	11.1
24	legius syndrome	11.1
25	melanoma	10.9
26	dowling-degos disease 1	10.6
27	pseudo-turner syndrome	10.5
28	alstrom syndrome	10.4
29	keratosis	10.4
30	skin carcinoma	10.4
31	pustulosis of palm and sole	10.4
32	psoriasis	10.4
33	peutz-jeghers syndrome	10.3
34	neurofibromatosis, type iv, of riccardi	10.3
35	branchiootic syndrome 1	10.3
36	superficial spreading melanoma	10.3
37	spitz nevus	10.3
38	vitiligo-associated multiple autoimmune disease susceptibility 6	10.2
39	vitiligo-associated multiple autoimmune disease susceptibility 1	10.2
40	lentigo maligna melanoma	10.2
41	phacomatosis pigmentovascularis	10.2
42	keratosis, seborrheic	10.1
43	gastrointestinal ulceration, recurrent, with dysfunctional platelets	10.1
44	basal cell carcinoma	10.1
45	dermatitis	10.1
46	pulmonary valve stenosis	10.1
47	inverted follicular keratosis	10.1
48	actinic keratosis	10.1
49	atrial standstill 1	10.1
50	mycosis fungoides	10.1

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Lentigines:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Lentigines

Human phenotypes related to Lentigines:

³¹

#	Description	HPO Frequency	HPO Source Accession
1	nystagmus ³¹		HP:0000639
2	abnormality of the skin ³¹		HP:0000951

Symptoms via clinical synopsis from OMIM:

⁵⁶

Eyes:
nystagmus

Skin:
lentigines

Clinical features from OMIM:

150900

GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Lentigines according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

²⁶ (show all 20)

#	Description	GenomeRNAi Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-110	9.68	BRAF
2	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-118	9.68	PTPN11
3	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-121	9.68	PTPN11
4	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-138	9.68	PTPN11
5	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-149	9.68	BRAF PTPN11 RAF1
6	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-151	9.68	RAF1
7	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-161	9.68	RAF1
8	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-166	9.68	BRAF
9	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-177	9.68	BRAF
10	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-178	9.68	PTPN11
11	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-190	9.68	PTPN11
12	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-194	9.68	BRAF
13	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-29	9.68	BRAF
14	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-31	9.68	BRAF
15	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-32	9.68	BRAF
16	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-37	9.68	PTPN11
17	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-47	9.68	BRAF PTPN11
18	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-52	9.68	RAF1
19	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-7	9.68	PTPN11
20	Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)	GR00366-A-78	9.68	PTPN11

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Lentigines:

⁴⁵ (show all 13)

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	behavior/neurological	MP:0005386	9.92	BRAF MC1R PRKAR1A PTPN11 RAF1
2	cardiovascular system	MP:0005385	9.91	BRAF MC1R PRKAR1A PTPN11 RAF1
3	cellular	MP:0005384	9.89	BRAF MC1R PRKAR1A PTPN11 RAF1
4	craniofacial	MP:0005382	9.88	BRAF MC1R PRKAR1A PTPN11 RAF1
5	hematopoietic system	MP:0005397	9.83	BRAF MC1R PRKAR1A PTPN11 RAF1
6	immune system	MP:0005387	9.8	BRAF MC1R PRKAR1A PTPN11 RAF1
7	integument	MP:0010771	9.77	BRAF MC1R PRKAR1A PTPN11 RAF1
8	hearing/vestibular/ear	MP:0005377	9.76	BRAF MC1R PTPN11 RAF1
9	liver/biliary system	MP:0005370	9.62	BRAF PRKAR1A PTPN11 RAF1
10	muscle	MP:0005369	9.56	BRAF PRKAR1A PTPN11 RAF1
11	neoplasm	MP:0002006	9.55	BRAF MC1R PRKAR1A PTPN11 RAF1
12	pigmentation	MP:0001186	9.26	BRAF MC1R PRKAR1A PTPN11
13	respiratory system	MP:0005388	8.92	BRAF PRKAR1A PTPN11 RAF1

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Lentigines

Drugs for Lentigines (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 66)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Aminolevulinic acid

Approved

Phase 4

106-60-5

137

Vitamin A

Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved

Phase 4

68-26-8, 11103-57-4, 22737-96-8

445354 9904001

Photosensitizing Agents

Phase 4

retinol

Phase 4

Retinol palmitate

Phase 4

Arnica

Phase 4

Methyl 5-aminolevulinate

Phase 4

Imiquimod

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2, Phase 3

99011-02-6

57469

Adjuvants, Immunologic

Phase 2, Phase 3

Immunologic Factors

Phase 3

Interferon Inducers

Phase 2, Phase 3

interferons

Phase 2, Phase 3

Hydroquinone

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2

123-31-9

785

Fluocinolone Acetonide

Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved

Phase 2

67-73-2

6215

Vitamin C

Approved, Nutraceutical

Phase 2

50-81-7

5785 54670067

Tretinoin

Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical

Phase 2

302-79-4

5538 444795

Cediranib

Investigational

Phase 2

288383-20-0

9933475

Maleic acid

Experimental, Investigational

Phase 2

110-17-8, 110-16-7

444972

Trace Elements

Phase 2

Vitamins

Phase 2

Micronutrients

Phase 2

Nutrients

Phase 2

Antioxidants

Phase 2

Hormone Antagonists

Phase 2

Protective Agents

Phase 2

Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Phase 2

glucocorticoids

Phase 2

Radiation-Protective Agents

Phase 2

Hormones

Phase 2

Protein Kinase Inhibitors

Phase 2

Ganciclovir

Approved, Investigational

Phase 1

82410-32-0

3454

Anti-Infective Agents

Phase 1

Antiviral Agents

Phase 1

Ganciclovir triphosphate

Phase 1

Neomycin

Approved, Vet_approved

1404-04-2

8378

Clobetasol

Approved, Experimental, Investigational

25122-46-7, 25122-41-2

32798 5311051

Tazarotene

Approved, Investigational

118292-40-3

5381

Nicotinamide

Approved, Investigational

98-92-0

936

Ethanol

Approved

64-17-5

702

Desonide

Approved, Investigational

638-94-8

5311066

Glycolic acid

Approved, Investigational

79-14-1

757

Lidocaine

Approved, Vet_approved

137-58-6

3676

Prilocaine

Approved

721-50-6

4906

Tetracaine

Approved, Vet_approved

94-24-6

5411

Folic acid

Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved

59-30-3

6037

Niacin

Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical

59-67-6

938

Antibiotics, Antitubercular

Anti-Bacterial Agents

Vitamin B3

Vitamin B Complex

Interventional clinical trials:

(show all 47)

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	The Comparison of Picosecond 532 and 1,064 Nanometers Laser and Q-switched Nd:YAG 532 and 1,064 Nanometers Laser in the Treatment of Benign Pigmented Lesions: A Randomized Controlled Trial	Unknown status	NCT02800525	Phase 4
2	Effect of Topical Imiquimod on Lentigo Maligna	Completed	NCT01161888	Phase 4	Imiquimod
3	Photodynamic Therapy for Melanoma Precursor Lesion Lentigo Maligna Using 5-aminolevulinic Acid Nanoemulsion (BF-200 ALA) as a Light Sensitizing Cream	Completed	NCT02685592	Phase 4	5-aminolevulinic acid nanoemulsion
4	Randomized, Double-Blind, Contralateral, Controlled Study to Assess the Efficacy of DerMend Moisturizing Bruise Formula in Improving the Appearance of Chronically Aged Mature Skin of the Forearms and Hands	Completed	NCT01910831	Phase 4	DerMend Moisturizing Bruise Formula;Non-active placebo control
5	Treatment of Photodamaged Skin of the décolleté With Fractional Laser, Radio-frequency Microneedling, and Photodynamic Therapy	Recruiting	NCT03573076	Phase 4
6	A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Methyl Aminolevulinate + Aktilite in Patients With Facial Photodamage	Completed	NCT00629317	Phase 3	Methyl Aminolevulinate
7	Clinical Study for the Evaluation of the Depigmenting Activity of a Cosmetic Product on Spotted Hand Skin	Completed	NCT02204436	Phase 3
8	A Randomised Controlled Multicentre Trial of Imiquimod Versus Radiotherapy for Lentigo Maligna (LM) When Staged Surgical Excision With 5mm Margins is Not Possible, is Refused, or Fails	Recruiting	NCT02394132	Phase 3	Imiquimod
9	An Open Monocentric Pilot Study to Investigate the Potential of Imiquimod 5% Cream to Detect Residual and to Prevent Recurrence of Lentigo Maligna After Surgical Excision	Active, not recruiting	NCT01088737	Phase 2, Phase 3	Imiquimod
10	Relevance of Imiquimod as Neo-adjuvant Treatment to Reduce Excision Size and the Risk of Intralesional Excision in Lentigo Malignant of the Face	Active, not recruiting	NCT01720407	Phase 3	Imiquimod cream + surgery;Placebo + surgery
11	Phase 2 Study of the Efficacy and Safety of a Single 70% Glycolic Acid Peel With Vitamin C for the Treatment of Photoaging	Unknown status	NCT02126644	Phase 2	70% glycolic acid
12	Solar Lentigines Treatment With the Triple Combination Cream (Hydroquinone 4%, Tretinoin 0.05%, and Fluocinolone Acetonide 0.01%). Randomized, Double Blind, Controlled Trial.	Completed	NCT00975312	Phase 2	Triple combination cream;Tretinoin 0.05%
13	Efficacy and Side Effects of Q-Switched Ruby Laser Treatment of Solar Lentigines in Two Different Fitzpatrick Skin Types II and IV	Completed	NCT00386204	Phase 2
14	A Phase II Study of AZD2171 in Previously Untreated Patients With Metastatic or Recurrent Malignant Melanoma	Completed	NCT00243061	Phase 2	cediranib maleate
15	Prospective Study of Ingenol Mebutate for Non-invasive Lentigo Melanoma of the Face - Study PICAMEL	Recruiting	NCT02723721	Phase 2	Picato gel
16	A Phase II Trial of SCH 727965 (NSC 747135) in Patients With Stage IV Melanoma	Active, not recruiting	NCT00937937	Phase 2	Dinaciclib
17	Phase II Study of RO4929097 (NSC-749225) in Advanced Melanoma	Terminated	NCT01120275	Phase 2	gamma-secretase/Notch signalling pathway inhibitor RO4929097
18	A Phase I Study of Intralesional Administration of an Adenovirus Vector Expressing the HSV-1 Thymidine Kinase Gene (AdV.RSV-TK) in Combination With Escalating Doses of Ganciclovir in Patients With Cutaneous Metastatic Malignant Melanoma	Completed	NCT00005057	Phase 1	ganciclovir
19	Clinical, Histological and Biochemical Characterization of Hyperpigmented Lesion.	Unknown status	NCT01136629
20	Evaluate the Lightening Effect of the Whitening Cosmetic Product BEX-2011 on Solar Lentigines by Harmonic Generation Microscopy	Unknown status	NCT01249469
21	Open-label, Prospective, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Cutera Excel V™ Laser and a Micro-Lens Array Attachment	Unknown status	NCT03424148
22	Study for the RevLite Laser System for Facial Solar Lentigines	Completed	NCT02110108
23	A Single-Center 2-Arm Study of the Enlighten and Excel V Laser for Lentigines on the Hands	Completed	NCT02763072
24	Clinical Evaluation of the Performance of a Difluoroethane-based Cyto-selective Cryotherapy to Treat Dark Spots on the Hand in 30 Volunteers.	Completed	NCT03157427
25	Comparative Study Investigating the Therapy of of Solar Lentigines With the Q-switched SINON Rubin 694nm Laser Versus Pigmanorm® Cream	Completed	NCT02153697		Pigmanorm Cream
26	A Prospective Multi-Center Study of a Novel Dual-Wavelength, Dual-Pulse Duration Laser for the Treatment of Melasma and Lentigines in Asian Skin	Completed	NCT02385994
27	Safety and Efficacy of a Triple Combination Cream as Adjuvant Treatment of Solar Lentigines With Cryotherapy.	Completed	NCT01778179		Tri-luma
28	Safety and Efficacy of Cutera Picosecond Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser in the Treatment of Solar Lentigines	Completed	NCT01885871
29	Prospective Clinical Trial to Assess the Performance of a Cyto-selective Cryotherapye "CRYOBEAUTY MAINS ET DECOLLETE" Compared With Liquid Nitrogen Cryotherapy in the Treatment of Solar Lentigines in 30 Patients	Completed	NCT03225729
30	Effect of Topical Corticosteroids on the Incidence of Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation Following Q-switched Nd:YAG 532 nm Laser for Treatment of Facial Lentigines - A Pilot Study	Completed	NCT02492373		topical 0.05% Clobetasol propionate ointment
31	Efficacy and Tolerance of D-pigment Versus Moisturizer in Hands' Lentigo Lesions With or Without Laser Therapy	Completed	NCT03457246
32	Combination Therapy With Imiquimod Cream 5% and Tazarotene Cream 0.1% for the Treatment of Lentigo Maligna	Completed	NCT00707174		Imiquimod Cream;Tazarotene Cream 0.1%
33	In Vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy for Pigmented Lesion Diagnosis: A Multi-center Study	Completed	NCT00785369
34	Nanocytology Evaluation of Epidermal Cells to Assess Risk of Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Field Cancerization in High Risk Patients	Completed	NCT01905891
35	Clinical and Histological Analysis of Photoaging Treatment With Imiquimod Cream 5%	Completed	NCT01935310		Imiquimod
36	A Single-Center Open-Label Study of 1064 nm Nd:YAG for Nonablative Skin Rejuvenation	Recruiting	NCT03421691
37	Reflectance Confocal Microscopy to Diagnose Malignant Melanoma and Lentigo Maligna	Recruiting	NCT03508297
38	Melanoma Family Case-Control Study Protocol	Recruiting	NCT00445783
39	Effectiveness, Safety, and Cost Efficacy of Water (H2O) as a Substitute for Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) Plus Solution in Neutralization of Chemical Peeling Using 35% Glycolic Acid Solution	Recruiting	NCT04154436
40	Definition of the Genotype and Clinical Phenotype of Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease (PPNAD), Carney Complex, Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and Related Conditions	Recruiting	NCT00001452
41	Studies of Familial Melanoma	Recruiting	NCT00450593
42	The Effect of Topical Anesthetic Using Lidocaine 2.5%/Prilocaine 2.5% Versus Lidocaine 7%/Tetracaine 7% Cream on Patients' Pain and Operative Experience During Treatment With QSwitched 532nm Laser	Active, not recruiting	NCT02427724		lidocaine 2.5%/prilocaine 2.5% topical anesthetic;lidocaine 7%/tetracaine 7% topical anesthetic;placebo vehicle
43	Advanced Harmonic Generation Microscopy for Treatment Assessment of Cutaneous Pigmentary Disorder	Not yet recruiting	NCT03578315
44	A Safety and Effectiveness Study of Intratumoral Diffusing Alpha Radiation Emitters for the Treatment of Malignant Cutaneous Tumors	Not yet recruiting	NCT04068155
45	The Role of Dermoscopy in Diagnosis of Pigmentary Skin Lesions	Not yet recruiting	NCT03542539
46	Open Label, Prospective, Single-Center Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effect of Multiple Passes on Port Wine Stain Treatments With the Cutera Excel V™ Laser.	Suspended	NCT04103164
47	Mohs Micrographic Surgery for Primary Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma In Situ Using Immunofluorescence	Withdrawn	NCT02306512

Search NIH Clinical Center for Lentigines

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Genetic Tests for Lentigines

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Anatomical Context for Lentigines

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Lentigines:

⁴⁰

Skin, Heart, Lymph Node, Thyroid, Breast, Pituitary, Bone

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Publications for Lentigines

Articles related to Lentigines:

(show top 50) (show all 2344)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	A pedigree of generalized lentigo. ⁶¹ ⁵⁶	PIPKIN AC...PIPKIN SB	15422118	1950
2	A novel PRKAR1A mutation associated with primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease and the Carney complex. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Peck MC...Katznelson L	19833579	2010
3	PTPN11 gene mutation and severe neonatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: what is the link? ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Faienza MF...Cavallo L	19582499	2009
4	Heterogeneity of skin manifestations in patients with Carney complex. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Mateus C...Dupin N	18804312	2008
5	The RAS/MAPK syndromes: novel roles of the RAS pathway in human genetic disorders. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Aoki Y...Matsubara Y	18470943	2008
6	Polymorphism patterns in the promoter region of the MC1R gene are associated with development of freckles and solar lentigines. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Motokawa T...Katagiri T	18079748	2008
7	Effect of Val92Met and Arg163Gln variants of the MC1R gene on freckles and solar lentigines in Japanese. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Motokawa T...Katagiri T	17371441	2007
8	PTPN11 gene mutations: linking the Gln510Glu mutation to the "LEOPARD syndrome phenotype". ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Digilio MC...Dallapiccola B	16733669	2006
9	Association between endothelin receptor B nonsynonymous variants and melanoma risk. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Soufir N...Investigators of the Melan-Cohort	16145050	2005
10	A novel PTPN11 gene mutation bridges Noonan syndrome, multiple lentigines/LEOPARD syndrome and Noonan-like/multiple giant cell lesion syndrome. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Sarkozy A...Dallapiccola B	15470362	2004
11	Clinical and molecular genetics of primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Sandrini F...Stratakis C	15761532	2004
12	c-kit Mutation in generalized lentigines associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumor. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Shibusawa Y...Ishikawa O	15118370	2004
13	Clinical and molecular genetics of Carney complex. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Sandrini F...Stratakis C	12666684	2003
14	PTPN11 mutations in LEOPARD syndrome. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Legius E...Fryns JP	12161596	2002
15	The melanocortin-1-receptor gene is the major freckle gene. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Bastiaens M...Bouwes Bavinck JN	11487574	2001
16	Genetics of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Carney complex and other familial lentiginoses. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Stratakis CA	11595829	2000
17	Cardiac manifestations and gene mutations of patients with RASopathies in Taiwan. ⁶¹	Lee CL...Lin SP	31837205	2020
18	Efficacy of Imiquimod 3.75% cream for the treatment of solar lentigo. ⁶¹	Cantisani C...Paolino G	32031733	2020
19	Incompletely excised lentigo maligna melanoma is associated with unpredictable residual disease: clinical features and the emerging role of reflectance confocal microscopy. ⁶¹	Navarrete-Dechent C...Nehal KS	32030827	2020
20	Progressive Disease in Sentinel-negative Melanoma Patients: Biological Differences and Importance of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy. ⁶¹	Conrad A...Mihic-Probst D	32014933	2020
21	Poor agreement between the automated risk assessment of a smartphone application for skin cancer detection and the rating by dermatologists. ⁶¹	Chung Y...Kukutsch NA	31423673	2020
22	Factors associated with sentinel lymph node status and prognostic role of completion lymph node dissection for thick melanoma. ⁶¹	Boada A...SENTIMEL study group	31594672	2020
23	Differential Expression of Cancer Testis Antigens on Lentigo Maligna and Lentigo Maligna Melanoma. ⁶¹	Tio D...Luiten RM	31972665	2020
24	Melanoma recognition by a deep learning convolutional neural network-Performance in different melanoma subtypes and localisations. ⁶¹	Winkler JK...Haenssle HA	31972395	2020
25	Lifetime UVR Dose and Skin Cancer Risk, Determined by Their Common Relation to Solar Lentigines. ⁶¹	Holm-Schou AS...Wulf HC	31892612	2020
26	Increased melanocytic nevi and lentigines in two patients with harlequin ichthyosis. ⁶¹	McKenzie S...Hogeling M	31765010	2020
27	[Facial skin cancers: Comparison of opinions in French multidisciplinary team meetings]. ⁶¹	Gallard C...Dupuy A	32005508	2020
28	Reflectance confocal microscopy and dermoscopy aid in evaluating repigmentation within or adjacent to lentigo maligna melanoma surgical scars. ⁶¹	Navarrete-Dechent C...Nehal KS	31325402	2020
29	Commentary on: Reflectance confocal microscopy and dermoscopy aid in evaluating repigmentation within or adjacent to lentigo maligna melanoma surgical scars. ⁶¹	Tognetti L...Rubegni P	31930647	2020
30	Upstaging of melanoma in situ and lentigo maligna treated with Mohs micrographic surgery rarely results in additional surgical management. ⁶¹	Levoska MA...Waldman AH	32002653	2020
31	Chemical peeling for acne and melasma: current status and innovations. ⁶¹	Conforti C...Dianzani C	31804050	2019
32	A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study of Oral Tranexamic Acid for the Prevention of Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation After Q-Switched 532-nm Nd:YAG Laser for Solar Lentigines. ⁶¹	Rutnin S...Vachiramon V	31302943	2019
33	The Role of Stem Cell Factor in Hyperpigmented Skin Lesions. ⁶¹	Atef A...Kabel AM	31870114	2019
34	Catalytic dysregulation of SHP2 leading to Noonan syndromes affects platelet signaling and functions. ⁶¹	Bellio M...Severin S	31562133	2019
35	Lentigo maligna melanoma mapping using reflectance confocal microscopy correlates with staged excision: A prospective study. ⁶¹	Navarrete-Dechent C...Nehal KS	31812621	2019
36	A meta-analysis comparing confocal microscopy and dermoscopy in diagnostic accuracy of lentigo maligna. ⁶¹	Hao T...Li CX	31811677	2019
37	Repigmentation of gray hairs with lentigo maligna and response to topical imiquimod. ⁶¹	Lackey AE...Correa-Selm L	31763424	2019
38	The dermoscopic features of facial aging among Egyptians: A comparative study between males and females. ⁶¹	El-Sayed MH...Mostafa AE	30884122	2019
39	The anatomic distribution of cutaneous melanoma: A detailed study of 5141 lesions. ⁶¹	Wee E...Pan Y	31880825	2019
40	Anti-melanogenic activity of salacinol by inhibition of tyrosinase oligosaccharide processing. ⁶¹	Homma T...Nagata K	31883005	2019
41	Mohs surgery for the treatment of lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma - a systematic review. ⁶¹	Sharma AN...Atanaskova Mesinkovska N	31696746	2019
42	Novel KIT mutation presenting as marked lentiginosis. ⁶¹	Tran AK...Barnett C	31497890	2019
43	A cross-sectional analysis of skin cancer risk in patients receiving narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy: an evaluation of 100 patients. ⁶¹	Karaosmanoglu N...Eksioglu M	31729594	2019
44	A Prospective Study in the Treatment of Lentigines in Asian Skin Using 532 nm Picosecond Nd:YAG Laser. ⁶¹	Chan MWM...Chan HH	31115070	2019
45	The Itch that… freckles? Development of lentigines in areas of resolved chronic atopic dermatitis. ⁶¹	Shayegan LH...Lauren CT	31497891	2019
46	Melanonychia striata: clarifying behind the Black Curtain. A review on clinical evaluation and management of the 21st century. ⁶¹	Leung AKC...Sergi CM	31006857	2019
47	Epidermal keratin 5 expression and distribution is under dermal influence. ⁶¹	Cario M...Taieb A	31692218	2019
48	Neck Melanoma: Clinical, Dermoscopic and Confocal Features. ⁶¹	Borsari S...Longo C	31707398	2019
49	Key dermoscopic signs in the diagnosis and progression of extrafacial lentigo maligna: Evaluation of a series of 41 cases. ⁶¹	Gamo-Villegas R...Lopez-Estebaranz JL	30997681	2019
50	Gamma Knife Radiosurgery and Immunotherapy as Primary Treatment for a Malignant Tumor of the Cranial Base Beginning as Lentigo Maligna: A Case Report. ⁶¹	Mureb M...Kondziolka D	31129314	2019

Sources

Genes for Lentigines

Genes related to Lentigines (0 elite genes):

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence	PubmedIds
1	PTPN11	Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 11	Protein Coding	37.48	Novoseek inferred ⁵⁴ GeneCards inferred via : Disorders Publications Variants (show sections)	19582499 15470362 16733669 (more) 18470943 12161596
2	RAF1	Raf-1 Proto-Oncogene, Serine/Threonine Kinase	Protein Coding	26.76	GeneCards inferred via : Disorders Publications Variants (show sections)
3	BRAF	B-Raf Proto-Oncogene, Serine/Threonine Kinase	Protein Coding	26.49	GeneCards inferred via : Disorders Publications Variants (show sections)
4	PRKAR1A	Protein Kinase CAMP-Dependent Type I Regulatory Subunit Alpha	Protein Coding	16.13	Novoseek inferred ⁵⁴ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)	19833579
5	MC1R	Melanocortin 1 Receptor	Protein Coding	13.15	Novoseek inferred ⁵⁴ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)	11487574 18079748 17371441

Sources

Variations for Lentigines

Sources

Expression for Lentigines

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Lentigines.

Sources

Pathways for Lentigines

Pathways related to Lentigines according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 53)

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Sertoli-Sertoli Cell Junction Dynamics ⁶³ Show member pathways Epithelial Tight Junctions ⁶³ Germ Cell-Sertoli Cell Junction Dynamics ⁶³	12.66	RAF1 PRKAR1A BRAF
2	Aldosterone synthesis and secretion ³⁶ Show member pathways Ca2+ activated K+ channels ⁶⁵ Cortisol synthesis and secretion ³⁶ Cushing syndrome ³⁶ Insulin secretion ³⁶ Melanogenesis ³⁶ Thyroid hormone synthesis ³⁶	12.64	RAF1 MC1R BRAF
3	CCR5 Pathway in Macrophages ⁶³ Show member pathways Androgen Signaling ⁶³ Chemokine Signaling ⁶³ Chemokine signaling pathway ³⁶	12.62	RAF1 PRKAR1A BRAF
4	NFAT and Cardiac Hypertrophy ⁶³ Show member pathways IGF1R Signaling ⁶³ Signaling Involved in Cardiac Hypertrophy ⁶³	12.61	RAF1 PRKAR1A BRAF
5	Endometrial cancer ³⁶ Show member pathways Acute myeloid leukemia ³⁶ Binding of TCF/LEF-CTNNB1 to target gene promoters ⁶⁵ Chronic myeloid leukemia ³⁶ Colorectal cancer ³⁶ Pancreatic cancer ³⁶ Prostate cancer ³⁶ Signal transduction PTEN pathway ²² Thyroid cancer ³⁶	12.61	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
6	Beta-Adrenergic Signaling ⁶³ Show member pathways CDK5 Pathway ⁶³ Erythropoietin Pathway ⁶³ Insulin Receptor Pathway ⁶³	12.55	RAF1 PRKAR1A BRAF
7	Common Cytokine Receptor Gamma-Chain Family Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ Show member pathways Adipokines and Insulin Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ Development Thrombopoietin-regulated cell processes ²² IL-15 Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ IL-2 Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ IL-21 Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ IL-4 Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ IL-7 Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ IL-9 Pathway ⁶³ IL-9 Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ Immune response IL-9 signaling pathway ²²	12.52	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
8	Ras signaling pathway ³⁶ Show member pathways Rap1 signaling pathway ³⁶	12.47	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
9	Development HGF signaling pathway ²² Show member pathways Apoptosis and survival Anti-apoptotic action of membrane-bound ESR1 ²² Apoptosis and survival NGF signaling pathway ²² Apoptosis and survival Role of CDK5 in neuronal death and survival ²² Development Neurotrophin family signaling ²² MET activates PTPN11 ⁶⁵ MET activates STAT3 ⁶⁵ Neurotrophin signaling pathway ³⁶ Signaling events mediated by Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor (c-Met) ¹ Signaling of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor ¹	12.45	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
10	Neuropathic Pain-Signaling in Dorsal Horn Neurons ⁶³ Show member pathways Aldosterone Signaling in Epithelial Cells ⁶³ Cholera Infection ⁶³	12.4	RAF1 PRKAR1A BRAF
11	G-AlphaQ Signaling ⁶³ Show member pathways G-AlphaI Signaling ⁶³ Thrombin Signaling ⁶³	12.4	RAF1 PRKAR1A BRAF
12	ErbB signaling pathway ¹ ³⁶ Show member pathways EGFR Inhibitor Pathway, Pharmacodynamics ⁶⁰ EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance ³⁶ Renal cell carcinoma ³⁶ TCA Cycle Nutrient Utilization and Invasiveness of Ovarian Cancer ¹	12.34	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
13	Development Dopamine D2 receptor transactivation of EGFR ²² Show member pathways Apoptosis and survival BAD phosphorylation ²² BAD Phosphorylation ⁶³ Chemotaxis CXCR4 signaling pathway ²² Development Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor activation of ERK ²²	12.27	RAF1 PTPN11 PRKAR1A
14	Immune response Role of DAP12 receptors in NK cells ²² Show member pathways Immune response CD16 signaling in NK cells ²² Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity ³⁶	12.2	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
15	B cell receptor signaling pathway (KEGG) ¹ Show member pathways B cell receptor signaling pathway ³⁶ B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway ¹	12.03	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
16	Regulation of lipid metabolism Insulin signaling-generic cascades ²² Show member pathways acetyl-CoA biosynthesis from citrate ¹ Butyrate-induced histone acetylation ¹ Cell adhesion PLAU signaling ²² Class IB PI3K non-lipid kinase events ¹ Development CNTF receptor signaling ²² Development Growth hormone signaling via PI3K/AKT and MAPK cascades ²² ErbB2/ErbB3 signaling events ¹ Glucose Homeostasis ¹ Insulin signaling pathway ³⁶ IRS activation ⁶⁵ Signal attenuation ⁶⁵ Transcription Receptor-mediated HIF regulation ²² Translation Regulation of EIF2 activity ²² Translation Regulation of EIF4F activity ²² Translation Insulin regulation of translation ²²	12.03	RAF1 PTPN11 PRKAR1A BRAF
17	Development VEGF signaling via VEGFR2 - generic cascades ²² Show member pathways Development VEGF signaling and activation ²² VEGF - VEGF R2 Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴	12	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
18	G-protein signaling G-Protein alpha-i signaling cascades ²² Show member pathways Development Beta-adrenergic receptors regulation of ERK ²² G-protein signaling G-Protein alpha-s signaling cascades ²² G-protein signaling G-Protein beta/gamma signaling cascades ²²	11.95	RAF1 PRKAR1A BRAF
19	Proteoglycans in cancer ³⁶	11.85	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
20	Senescence and Autophagy in Cancer ¹	11.74	RAF1 BRAF
21	Parathyroid hormone synthesis, secretion and action ³⁶	11.74	RAF1 BRAF
22	ErbB1 downstream signaling ¹	11.72	RAF1 BRAF
23	EGF/EGFR Signaling Pathway ¹	11.71	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
24	Development EPO-induced Jak-STAT pathway ²² Show member pathways EPO Receptor Signaling ¹ EPO signaling pathway ¹	11.69	RAF1 PTPN11
25	TGF-beta Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴	11.69	RAF1 BRAF
26	Corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling pathway ¹	11.67	RAF1 BRAF
27	Immune response IL-2 activation and signaling pathway ²² Show member pathways Immune response IL-3 activation and signaling pathway ²²	11.62	RAF1 PTPN11
28	VEGF Pathway (Tocris) ⁶⁰ Show member pathways VEGF Pathway ⁷⁰	11.61	RAF1 BRAF
29	Development EGFR signaling via small GTPases ²² Show member pathways Development EGFR signaling via PIP3 ²² Development PDGF signaling via MAPK cascades ²² PDGF Pathway ¹	11.61	RAF1 PTPN11 PRKAR1A
30	G-protein signaling Ras family GTPases in kinase cascades (scheme) ²² Show member pathways Activation of the AP-1 family of transcription factors ⁶⁵ Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via MAPK in human cells ²² MAPK Cascade ¹ Oncostatin M Signaling Pathway ¹	11.59	RAF1 PTPN11 BRAF
31	Bladder cancer ³⁶ ¹	11.55	RAF1 BRAF
32	Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) signaling pathway ¹	11.51	RAF1 BRAF
33	Negative regulation of MAPK pathway ⁶⁵ Show member pathways RAF activation ⁶⁵	11.48	RAF1 BRAF
34	Downstream signaling in naive CD8+ T cells ¹ Show member pathways Ras signaling in the CD4+ TCR pathway ¹	11.45	RAF1 BRAF
35	mTOR signaling pathway (Pathway Interaction Database) ¹	11.44	RAF1 BRAF
36	Long-term depression ³⁶	11.43	RAF1 BRAF
37	G-protein signaling_RhoA regulation pathway ²²	11.43	RAF1 PRKAR1A BRAF
38	Signaling events mediated by focal adhesion kinase ¹	11.37	RAF1 BRAF
39	G-protein signaling_Rap1A regulation pathway ²²	11.34	RAF1 BRAF
40	Semaphorin Signaling ⁶³	11.33	RAF1 BRAF
41	Interleukin-11 Signaling Pathway ¹	11.27	RAF1 PTPN11
42	Immune response_Role of integrins in NK cells cytotoxicity ²²	11.26	RAF1 PTPN11
43	G-protein signaling TC21 regulation pathway ²² Show member pathways G-protein signaling M-RAS regulation pathway ²² Negative feedback regulation of MAPK pathway ⁶⁵	11.26	RAF1 BRAF
44	Vemurafenib Pathway, Pharmacodynamics ⁶⁰	11.24	RAF1 BRAF
45	Melanocyte Development and Pigmentation ⁶³	11.21	PRKAR1A MC1R
46	Crizotinib Pathway, Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics ⁶⁰	11.16	RAF1 BRAF
47	Immune response_IL-6 signaling pathway ²²	11.08	RAF1 PTPN11
48	Trk receptor signaling mediated by the MAPK pathway ¹ Show member pathways Signalling to ERK5 ⁶⁵	11.03	RAF1 BRAF
49	Telomere Extension by Telomerase ⁶³ Show member pathways XAV939 inhibits tankyrase, stabilizing AXIN ⁶⁵	11.02	RAF1 PTPN11
50	Development_Leptin signaling via JAK/STAT and MAPK cascades ²² Show member pathways phospho-PLA2 pathway ⁶⁵	10.99	RAF1 PTPN11

Sources

GO Terms for Lentigines

Biological processes related to Lentigines according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	GO:0033138	9.46	RAF1 BRAF
2	somatic stem cell population maintenance	GO:0035019	9.43	RAF1 BRAF
3	heart development	GO:0007507	9.43	RAF1 PTPN11 PRKAR1A
4	thymus development	GO:0048538	9.4	RAF1 BRAF
5	activation of MAPKK activity	GO:0000186	9.37	RAF1 BRAF
6	thyroid gland development	GO:0030878	9.32	RAF1 BRAF
7	neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway	GO:0048011	9.16	RAF1 PTPN11
8	face development	GO:0060324	8.96	RAF1 BRAF
9	intracellular signal transduction	GO:0035556	8.92	RAF1 PRKAR1A MC1R BRAF

Molecular functions related to Lentigines according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	small GTPase binding	GO:0031267	9.26	RAF1 BRAF
2	MAP kinase kinase kinase activity	GO:0004709	9.16	RAF1 BRAF
3	Ras GTPase binding	GO:0017016	8.96	RAF1 BRAF
4	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase binding	GO:0031434	8.62	RAF1 BRAF

Sources

Sources for Lentigines

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

¹³ diseasecard

¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁵ DISEASES

¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ EFO

¹⁸ ExPASy

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GeneAnalytics

²¹ GeneCards

²² GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²³ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁴ GeneReviews

²⁵ Genetics Home Reference

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HMDB

³¹ HPO

³² ICD10

³³ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁴ ICD9CM

³⁵ IUPHAR

³⁶ KEGG

³⁷ LifeMap

³⁸ LncRNADisease

³⁹ LOVD

⁴⁰ MalaCards

⁴¹ MedGen

⁴² MedlinePlus

⁴³ MeSH

⁴⁴ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁵ MGI

⁴⁶ miR2Disease

⁴⁷ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁸ NCI

⁴⁹ NCIt

⁵⁰ NDF-RT

⁵¹ NIH Clinical Center

⁵² NIH Rare Diseases

⁵³ NINDS

⁵⁴ Novoseek

⁵⁵ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁶ OMIM

⁵⁷ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁸ Orphanet

⁵⁹ PathCards

⁶⁰ PharmGKB

⁶¹ PubMed

⁶² PubMed Health

⁶³ QIAGEN

⁶⁴ R&D Systems

⁶⁵ Reactome

⁶⁶ Sino Biological

⁶⁷ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁶⁹ TGDB

⁷⁰ Tocris

⁷¹ UMLS

⁷² UMLS via Orphanet

⁷³ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁴ Wikipedia