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Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

Categories: Genetic diseases, Rare diseases, Neuronal diseases, Eye diseases, Fetal diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Symptoms & Phenotypes
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Aliases & Classifications for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5:

Name: Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5 57 53 75 13
Hypomyelination and Congenital Cataract 24 53 25 29 6 40 73
Hld5 57 12 53 75
Hypomyelination-Congenital Cataract Syndrome 12 59
Hypomyelinating Leukodystrophy 5 12 15
Hcc 25 75
Hypomyelination and Congenital Cataract: Hcc 57
Hypomyelination with Congenital Cataract 75
Hypomyelination - Congenital Cataract 53

Characteristics:

Orphanet epidemiological data:

59
hypomyelination-congenital cataract syndrome
Inheritance: Autosomal recessive; Prevalence: <1/1000000 (Worldwide); Age of onset: Infancy,Neonatal;

OMIM:

57
Inheritance:
autosomal recessive

Miscellaneous:
onset in infancy
variable severity


HPO:

32
leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 5:
Onset and clinical course variable expressivity infantile onset
Inheritance autosomal recessive inheritance


Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Genetic diseases Rare diseases Fetal diseases
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases Eye diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 33 34
Orphanet: 59  
Rare neurological diseases
Rare eye diseases


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Summaries for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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NIH Rare Diseases : 53 Hypomyelination and congenitalcataract is a very rare disease characterized by cloudy coverings of the eye that are present at birth (congenital cataracts) and neurologic impairment that becomes apparent after the first year of life. The neurologic impairment is progressive and presents as ataxia and spasticity. Affected individuals may lose the ability to walk. Signs and symptoms may vary but can include loss of sensation in the hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy), curvature of the spine (scoliosis), difficulty speaking (dysarthria), seizures, and moderate intellectual disability. Hypomyelination and congenital cataract is caused by a change (mutation ) in the FAM126A gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Diagnosis of hypomyelination and congenital cataract is based on clinical findings of muscle weakness and cataracts, and a brain MRI that indicates a loss of the myelin surrounding the neurons. The diagnosis can be confirmed by genetic testing of the FAM126A gene. Treatment is focused on relieving symptoms of the condition and may include physical therapy, special education, and medication to treat seizures.

MalaCards based summary : Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5, also known as hypomyelination and congenital cataract, is related to leukodystrophy and hepatocellular carcinoma, and has symptoms including abnormal pyramidal signs, action tremor and cerebellar signs. An important gene associated with Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5 is FAM126A (Family With Sequence Similarity 126 Member A). Affiliated tissues include eye, brain and testes, and related phenotypes are abnormal pyramidal signs and global developmental delay

Disease Ontology : 12 A hypomyelinating leukodystrophy characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance of congenital cataract, progressive neurologic impairment, and diffuse myelin deficiency that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the FAM126A gene on chromosome 7p15.

Genetics Home Reference : 25 Hypomyelination and congenital cataract is an inherited condition that affects the nervous system and the eyes. This disease is one of a group of genetic disorders called leukoencephalopathies. Leukoencephalopathies involve abnormalities of the brain's white matter. White matter consists of nerve fibers covered by a fatty substance called myelin. Myelin insulates nerve fibers and promotes the rapid transmission of nerve impulses. Hypomyelination and congenital cataract is caused by a reduced ability to form myelin (hypomyelination). Additionally, people with this disorder are typically born with a clouding of the lens (cataract) in both eyes.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot : 75 Leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 5: A hypomyelinating leukodystrophy associated with congenital cataract. It is clinically characterized by congenital cataract, progressive neurologic impairment, and diffuse myelin deficiency. Affected individuals experience progressive pyramidal and cerebellar dysfunction, muscle weakness and wasting prevailingly in the lower limbs. Mental deficiency ranges from mild to moderate. HLD5 shows clinical variability, but features of hypomyelination combined with increased periventricular white matter water content are consistently observed.

Description from OMIM: 610532
GeneReviews: NBK2587
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Related Diseases for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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Diseases in the Hypomyelinating Leukodystrophy family:

Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 3 Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 2
Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5 Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 4
Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 6 Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 9
Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 10 Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 11
Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 12 Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 13
Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 14 Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 15
Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 16 Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 17

Diseases related to Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5 via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 55)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 leukodystrophy 27.5 FAM126A PLP1 TUBB4A
2 hepatocellular carcinoma 12.0
3 childhood hepatocellular carcinoma 11.7
4 fibrolamellar carcinoma 11.5
5 hepatitis c virus 11.3
6 thyroid carcinoma, hurthle cell 11.0
7 adult hepatocellular carcinoma 10.9
8 linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies 1 10.9
9 cardiomyopathy, infantile histiocytoid 10.9
10 hepatitis 10.5
11 hepatitis c 10.2
12 liver cirrhosis 10.1
13 hepatitis b 10.1
14 liver disease 10.1
15 viral hepatitis 10.1
16 cholangiocarcinoma 9.9
17 microphthalmia 9.9
18 hypoxia 9.9
19 autoimmune hepatitis 9.8
20 thrombosis 9.8
21 vaccinia 9.8
22 adenoma 9.8
23 pituitary tumors 9.8
24 endotheliitis 9.8
25 hepatic adenomas, familial 9.7
26 diaphragmatic hernia, congenital 9.7
27 ovarian cancer 9.7
28 pancreatic cancer 9.7
29 polydactyly 9.7
30 alcohol abuse 9.7
31 cataract 9.7
32 leukemia 9.7
33 hepatocellular adenoma 9.7
34 sclerocornea 9.7
35 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 9.7
36 tetanus 9.7
37 diphtheria 9.7
38 cauda equina syndrome 9.7
39 portal vein thrombosis 9.7
40 hepatic infarction 9.7
41 ischemia 9.7
42 pancreatitis 9.7
43 hypersplenism 9.7
44 hepatoblastoma 9.7
45 thyroiditis 9.7
46 neuronitis 9.7
47 duodenitis 9.7
48 tyrosinemia 9.7
49 cholangitis 9.7
50 fatty liver disease 9.7

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5:



Diseases related to Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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Symptoms via clinical synopsis from OMIM:

57
Neurologic Central Nervous System:
dysarthria
hyperreflexia
intention tremor
truncal titubation
delayed motor development
more
Skeletal Spine:
scoliosis, progressive

Muscle Soft Tissue:
weakness and wasting of the lower limbs

Neurologic Peripheral Nervous System:
peripheral neuropathy
decreased motor nerve conduction velocities
sural nerve biopsy shows decrease in myelinated fibers
loss of myelin
abnormal folding of the myelin sheath
more
Head And Neck Eyes:
cataracts, usually congenital


Clinical features from OMIM:

610532

Human phenotypes related to Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5:

59 32 (show all 23)
# Description HPO Frequency Orphanet Frequency HPO Source Accession
1 abnormal pyramidal signs 59 32 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0007256
2 global developmental delay 59 32 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0001263
3 intellectual disability, moderate 59 32 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0002342
4 abnormality of the cerebellum 59 32 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0001317
5 congenital cataract 59 32 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0000519
6 cerebral hypomyelination 59 32 hallmark (90%) Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0006808
7 intellectual disability 32 HP:0001249
8 seizures 32 HP:0001250
9 dysarthria 32 HP:0001260
10 hyperreflexia 32 HP:0001347
11 scoliosis 32 HP:0002650
12 babinski sign 32 HP:0003487
13 intention tremor 32 HP:0002080
14 decreased motor nerve conduction velocity 32 HP:0003431
15 motor delay 32 HP:0001270
16 polyneuropathy 32 HP:0001271
17 leukodystrophy 32 HP:0002415
18 lower limb amyotrophy 32 HP:0007210
19 lower limb muscle weakness 32 HP:0007340
20 muscular hypotonia of the trunk 32 HP:0008936
21 cerebral white matter atrophy 32 HP:0012762
22 loss of ability to walk 32 HP:0006957
23 truncal titubation 32 HP:0030147

UMLS symptoms related to Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5:


abnormal pyramidal signs, action tremor, cerebellar signs
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Drugs & Therapeutics for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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Search Clinical Trials , NIH Clinical Center for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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Genetic Tests for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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Genetic tests related to Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Hypomyelination and Congenital Cataract 29 FAM126A
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Anatomical Context for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5:

41
Eye, Brain, Testes, Cerebellum
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Publications for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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Articles related to Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5:

# Title Authors Year
1
Novel FAM126A mutations in hypomyelination and congenital cataract disease. ( 23998934 )
2013
2
Hypomyelination and congenital cataract: identification of novel mutations in two unrelated families. ( 22749724 )
2013
3
Hyccin, the molecule mutated in the leukodystrophy hypomyelination and congenital cataract (HCC), is a neuronal protein. ( 22461884 )
2012
4
Hypomyelination and congenital cataract: broadening the clinical phenotype. ( 21911699 )
2011
5
Hypomyelination and congenital cataract: neuroimaging features of a novel inherited white matter disorder. ( 17974614 )
2008
6
Phenotypic characterization of hypomyelination and congenital cataract. ( 17683097 )
2007
7
Deficiency of hyccin, a newly identified membrane protein, causes hypomyelination and congenital cataract. ( 16951682 )
2006
8
Hypomyelination and Congenital Cataract ( 20301737 )
1993
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Variations for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot genetic disease variations for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5:

75
# Symbol AA change Variation ID SNP ID
1 FAM126A p.Leu53Pro VAR_030647 rs72549407
2 FAM126A p.Cys57Arg VAR_075100

ClinVar genetic disease variations for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5:

6
(show top 50) (show all 179)
# Gene Variation Type Significance SNP ID Assembly Location
1 FAM126A FAM126A, 4-KB DEL deletion Pathogenic
2 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.51+1G> A single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs72549405 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 23030679: 23030679
3 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.51+1G> A single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs72549405 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22991060: 22991060
4 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.414+1G> T single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs72549406 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 23016959: 23016959
5 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.414+1G> T single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs72549406 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22977340: 22977340
6 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.158T> C (p.Leu53Pro) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs72549407 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 23018063: 23018063
7 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.158T> C (p.Leu53Pro) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs72549407 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22978444: 22978444
8 FAM126A FAM126A: c.627-439_831+348del deletion Pathogenic GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 23000506: 23004589
9 FAM126A FAM126A: c.627-439_831+348del deletion Pathogenic GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22960887: 22964970
10 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.414+1G> C single nucleotide variant not provided rs72549406 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 23016959: 23016959
11 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.414+1G> C single nucleotide variant not provided rs72549406 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22977340: 22977340
12 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.415-1G> A single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs886043139 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 23016428: 23016428
13 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.415-1G> A single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs886043139 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22976809: 22976809
14 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*4278_*4279insGT insertion Benign rs35708583 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22941310: 22941311
15 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*4278_*4279insGT insertion Benign rs35708583 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22980929: 22980930
16 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*4221G> C single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs539079827 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22941368: 22941368
17 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*4221G> C single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs539079827 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22980987: 22980987
18 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*3753C> T single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs186672766 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22941836: 22941836
19 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*3753C> T single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs186672766 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22981455: 22981455
20 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*3001A> G single nucleotide variant Benign rs2286495 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22982207: 22982207
21 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*3001A> G single nucleotide variant Benign rs2286495 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22942588: 22942588
22 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*2976G> T single nucleotide variant Likely benign rs17725943 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22982232: 22982232
23 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*2976G> T single nucleotide variant Likely benign rs17725943 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22942613: 22942613
24 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*2905T> C single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs546858657 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22982303: 22982303
25 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*2905T> C single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs546858657 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22942684: 22942684
26 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*2108G> A single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs549000863 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22983100: 22983100
27 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*2108G> A single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs549000863 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22943481: 22943481
28 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*1506T> A single nucleotide variant Benign rs4607514 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22983702: 22983702
29 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*1506T> A single nucleotide variant Benign rs4607514 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22944083: 22944083
30 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*515A> T single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs549927461 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22984693: 22984693
31 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*515A> T single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs549927461 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22945074: 22945074
32 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*435_*436delCTinsTG indel Uncertain significance rs71527512 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22945153: 22945154
33 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*435_*436delCTinsTG indel Uncertain significance rs71527512 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22984772: 22984773
34 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*384A> G single nucleotide variant Benign rs2286494 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22945205: 22945205
35 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*384A> G single nucleotide variant Benign rs2286494 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22984824: 22984824
36 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.1515A> G (p.Gln505=) single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs373948210 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22985259: 22985259
37 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.1515A> G (p.Gln505=) single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs373948210 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22945640: 22945640
38 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.991+11C> T single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs141187440 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22999864: 22999864
39 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.991+11C> T single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs141187440 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22960245: 22960245
40 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.626+5A> G single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs778280191 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 23015824: 23015824
41 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.626+5A> G single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs778280191 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22976205: 22976205
42 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.-29+4A> T single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs886062213 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 23053540: 23053540
43 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.-29+4A> T single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs886062213 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 23013921: 23013921
44 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.-111G> A single nucleotide variant Likely benign rs183608311 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 23053626: 23053626
45 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.-111G> A single nucleotide variant Likely benign rs183608311 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 23014007: 23014007
46 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*3878C> T single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs886062197 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22941711: 22941711
47 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*3878C> T single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs886062197 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22981330: 22981330
48 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*3804A> C single nucleotide variant Benign rs34683819 GRCh38 Chromosome 7, 22941785: 22941785
49 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*3804A> C single nucleotide variant Benign rs34683819 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22981404: 22981404
50 FAM126A NM_032581.3(FAM126A): c.*3266C> T single nucleotide variant Likely benign rs75393023 GRCh37 Chromosome 7, 22981942: 22981942
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Expression for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5.
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Pathways for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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GO Terms for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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Cellular components related to Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5 according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 myelin sheath GO:0043209 8.62 PLP1 TUBB4A

Biological processes related to Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5 according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 myelination GO:0042552 8.62 FAM126A PLP1
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Sources for Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 5

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet
35 ICD9CM
36 IUPHAR
37 KEGG
38 LifeMap
40 LOVD
42 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
54 NINDS
55 Novoseek
57 OMIM
58 OMIM via Orphanet
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
71 TGDB
72 Tocris
73 UMLS
74 UMLS via Orphanet
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