Limbic Encephalitis disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: LMB024 MIFTS: 43	Limbic Encephalitis Categories: Cancer diseases, Immune diseases, Neuronal diseases, Rare diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs Expand all tables

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Aliases & Classifications for Limbic Encephalitis

MalaCards integrated aliases for Limbic Encephalitis:

Name: Limbic Encephalitis ¹² ²⁰ ⁵⁸ ⁵⁴ ¹⁵ ⁷⁰

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Cancer diseases
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases Immune diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

Orphanet: ⁵⁸

Rare neurological diseases

External Ids:

Disease Ontology ¹² DOID:0080741

MESH via Orphanet ⁴⁵ D020363

UMLS via Orphanet ⁷¹ C0338430

Orphanet ⁵⁸ ORPHA163892

UMLS ⁷⁰ C0338430

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Summaries for Limbic Encephalitis

GARD : ²⁰ Limbic encephalitis represents a group of autoimmune conditions characterized by inflammation of the limbic system and other parts of the brain. The cardinal sign of limbic encephalitis is a severe impairment of short-term memory; however, symptoms may also include confusion, psychiatric symptoms, and seizures. The symptoms typically develop over a few weeks or months, but they may evolve over a few days. Limbic encephalitis is often associated with an underlying neoplasm (paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis); however some cases never have a neoplasm identified (non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis). Delayed diagnosis is common, but improvements are being made to assist in early detection. Various tests including imaging studies ( MRI, PET ) laboratory tests ( CSF analysis ), and tests that measure the electrical activity of the brain ( EEG ) may be utilized to confirm a diagnosis. Treatment includes removal of the neoplasm (if identified) and immunotherapy.

MalaCards based summary : Limbic Encephalitis is related to paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis and encephalitis. An important gene associated with Limbic Encephalitis is AMPH (Amphiphysin), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Glucose / Energy Metabolism and Neuroscience. The drugs Immunoglobulins and Antibodies have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include medial temporal lobes, temporal lobe and lung, and related phenotypes are behavior/neurological and nervous system

Disease Ontology : ¹² An encephalitis that is characterized by subacute onset of short-term memory deficits, seizures or psychiatric symptoms located in the medial temporal lobes.

Wikipedia : ⁷³ Limbic encephalitis is a form of encephalitis, a disease characterized by inflammation of the brain.... more...

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Related Diseases for Limbic Encephalitis

Diseases related to Limbic Encephalitis via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 373)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis	32.3	GSR ELAVL3 BRSK2
2	encephalitis	31.9	PNMA2 LGI1 CNTNAP2
3	autoimmune encephalitis	31.0	LGI1 CNTNAP2
4	alpha/beta t-cell lymphopenia with gamma/delta t-cell expansion, severe cytomegalovirus infection, and autoimmunity	31.0	TPO GAD2 GAD1
5	temporal lobe epilepsy	31.0	LGI1 GRIN2B GAD2 GAD1
6	status epilepticus	30.9	LGI1 GRIN2B GRIA1
7	retrograde amnesia	30.7	LGI1 GRIN2B GRIA1
8	amnestic disorder	30.5	LGI1 GRIN2B GRIA1 GAD1 CNTNAP2
9	autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome, type i, with or without reversible metaphyseal dysplasia	30.1	GAD2 GAD1
10	hashimoto thyroiditis	30.1	TPO GAD2 ENO1
11	acute disseminated encephalomyelitis	30.0	PNMA2 LGI1 CNTNAP2
12	whipple disease	29.9	PNMA2 DPYSL5
13	dissociative amnesia	29.8	LGI1 CNTNAP2
14	focal epilepsy	29.8	LGI1 GRIN2B CNTNAP2
15	autosomal dominant epilepsy with auditory features	29.8	LGI1 CNTNAP2
16	anterograde amnesia	29.5	PNMA2 LGI1 GRIN2B DPYSL5 CNTNAP2 AMPH
17	speech and communication disorders	29.3	LGI1 GRIN2B CNTNAP2
18	movement disease	29.2	LGI1 GAD2 GAD1 DPYSL5 CNTNAP2 AMPH
19	stiff-person syndrome	29.2	PNMA2 LGI1 GAD2 GAD1 DPYSL5 CNTNAP2
20	epilepsy	29.2	LGI1 GSR GRIN2B GRIA1 GAD2 GAD1
21	choreatic disease	29.0	PNMA2 LGI1 GRIN2B DPYSL5 CNTNAP2 AMPH
22	limbic encephalitis with lgi1 antibodies	11.7
23	limbic encephalitis with dpp6 antibodies	11.4
24	classic paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis	11.3
25	limbic encephalitis with nmda receptor antibodies	11.3
26	non-herpetic acute limbic encephalitis	11.3
27	non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis	11.3
28	posttransplant acute limbic encephalitis	11.2
29	neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type iia	11.1
30	limbic encephalitis associated with antibodies to cell membrane antigens	11.1
31	limbic encephalitis with caspr2 antibodies	11.1
32	limbic encephalitis with neurexin-3 antibodies	11.1
33	teratoma	10.7
34	thymoma, familial	10.6
35	thymoma	10.6
36	seizure disorder	10.6
37	glioma	10.6
38	glial tumor	10.6
39	teratoma, ovarian	10.6
40	ovarian germ cell teratoma	10.6
41	ataxia and polyneuropathy, adult-onset	10.5
42	rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma	10.5
43	encephalopathy	10.5
44	small cell cancer of the lung	10.5
45	herpes simplex	10.5
46	lung cancer	10.5
47	paraneoplastic syndromes	10.4
48	autoimmune disease	10.4
49	lymphoma, hodgkin, classic	10.4
50	relapsing polychondritis	10.4

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Limbic Encephalitis:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Limbic Encephalitis

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Limbic Encephalitis:

⁴⁶

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	behavior/neurological	MP:0005386	9.8	ADAM22 AMPH BRSK2 CNTN2 CNTNAP2 DPYSL5
2	nervous system	MP:0003631	9.44	ADAM22 AMPH BRSK2 CNTN2 CNTNAP2 DPYSL5

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Limbic Encephalitis

Drugs for Limbic Encephalitis (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

#	Name	Status	Phase	Clinical Trials	Cas Number	PubChem Id
1	Immunoglobulins		Phase 2
2	Antibodies		Phase 2
3	Immunologic Factors		Phase 2
4	Immunoglobulins, Intravenous		Phase 2
5	Autoantibodies		Phase 2

Interventional clinical trials:

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	IVIG Treatment for Refractory Immune-Related Adult Epilepsy	Terminated	NCT01545518	Phase 2	IVIG
2	Antibodies Causing Epilepsy Syndromes: The ACES Study.	Unknown status	NCT02802475

Search NIH Clinical Center for Limbic Encephalitis

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Genetic Tests for Limbic Encephalitis

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Anatomical Context for Limbic Encephalitis

The Foundational Model of Anatomy Ontology organs/tissues related to Limbic Encephalitis:

¹⁹

Medial Temporal Lobes

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Limbic Encephalitis:

⁴⁰

Temporal Lobe, Lung, Bone Marrow, Thymus, Spinal Cord, Myeloid, Amygdala

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Publications for Limbic Encephalitis

Articles related to Limbic Encephalitis:

(show top 50) (show all 1421)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	Antibodies and neuronal autoimmune disorders of the CNS. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Graus F...Dalmau J	20035430	2010
2	[Limbic encephalitis with antibodies against intracellular antigens]. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Morita A...Kamei S	20420174	2010
3	Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase define a form of limbic encephalitis. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Malter MP...Bien CG	20437582	2010
4	Plasma exchange for anti GAD associated non paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. ⁶¹ ⁵⁴	Mazzi G...Catapano R	18955013	2008
5	Antibodies to voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels in epilepsy. ⁵⁴ ⁶¹	Majoie HJ...Vincent A	16870397	2006
6	CD8+ T-Lymphocyte-Driven Limbic Encephalitis Results in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. ⁶¹	Pitsch J...Becker AJ	33368582	2021
7	Anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2 antibody-associated cerebellar ataxia: A case report and literature review. ⁶¹	Wang J...Liu Z	33640718	2021
8	Human herpesvirus 6 and central nervous system disease in oncology patients: A retrospective case series and literature review. ⁶¹	Handley G...Okhuysen P	33548682	2021
9	Autoimmune encephalitis: proposed recommendations for symptomatic and long-term management. ⁶¹	Abboud H...Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance Clinicians Network	33649021	2021
10	Continuous EEG Findings in Autoimmune Encephalitis. ⁶¹	Moise AM...Rodriguez A	31800465	2021
11	Acute psychotic onset in LGI1-related limbic encephalitis. ⁶¹	Notturno F...Uncini A	33675002	2021
12	Seronegative limbic encephalitis manifesting as subacute amnestic syndrome: a case report and review of the literature. ⁶¹	Ismail II...Al-Hashel JY	33757596	2021
13	ASL MRI and 18F-FDG-PET in autoimmune limbic encephalitis: clues from two paradigmatic cases. ⁶¹	Dinoto A...Manganotti P	33763811	2021
14	Water drinking behavior: a clinical clue for the diagnosis of limbic encephalitis in an elderly patient. ⁶¹	Cerulli Irelli E...Di Bonaventura C	33683632	2021
15	Autoimmune limbic encephalitis related to SARS-CoV-2 infection: Case-report and review of the literature. ⁶¹	Pizzanelli C...Siciliano G	33521691	2021
16	18F-FDG PET/CT in Anti-Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated 1 Antibody Encephalitis: Typical Pattern and Follow-up. ⁶¹	Caquot PA...Morland D	33323741	2021
17	Takotsubo syndrome associated with autoimmune limbic encephalitis: a case report. ⁶¹	Kakinuma Y...Kinno R	33573602	2021
18	Specific B- and T-cell populations are associated with cognition in patients with epilepsy and antibody positive and negative suspected limbic encephalitis. ⁶¹	Helmstaedter C...Witt JA	32816110	2021
19	Clinical spectrum of high-titre GAD65 antibodies. ⁶¹	Budhram A...Zalewski NL	33563803	2021
20	Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis as initial presentation of testicular neoplasm: A case report. ⁶¹	Chen C...Babagbemi K	33556762	2021
21	Leucine Zipper 4 Autoantibody: A Novel Germ Cell Tumor and Paraneoplastic Biomarker. ⁶¹	Dubey D...Pittock SJ	33583072	2021
22	Familial autoimmunity in neurological patients with GAD65 antibodies: an interview-based study. ⁶¹	Muniz-Castrillo S...Honnorat J	33544221	2021
23	Seizures in steroid-responsive encephalopathy. ⁶¹	Xu X...Wang X	33219869	2021
24	Paraneoplastic Encephalitis Associated with Locally Advanced Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Breast Cancer. ⁶¹	Shay RC...Sams SB	33634625	2021
25	Limbic encephalitis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus successfully treated with high-dose glucocorticoids and intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy: the potential pathogenicity of anti-glutamate receptor antibodies. ⁶¹	Tsuchiya H...Fujio K	33441041	2021
26	[GABAB receptor autoimmune encephalitis presenting as transient epileptic amnesia]. ⁶¹	Oagawa S...Matsukawa N	33328416	2021
27	[Pediatric autoimmune encephalitis associated with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibody: two cases report and literature review]. ⁶¹	Ren CH...Fang F	33397004	2021
28	All that glitters is not gold: A limbic encephalitis due to neurosyphilis. ⁶¹	Pische G...Carre S	32631679	2021
29	Neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses: A narrative review for clinicians. ⁶¹	Maury A...Meppiel E	33446327	2021
30	Neuronal Surface Antibody-Medicated Autoimmune Encephalitis (Limbic Encephalitis) in China: A Multiple-Center, Retrospective Study. ⁶¹	Shan W...Wang Q	33679765	2021
31	Metabolic Imaging Patterns on 18F-FDG PET in Acute and Subacute LGI1 Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis. ⁶¹	Seniaray N...Mahajan H	32910055	2021
32	New-Onset Seizure With Possible Limbic Encephalitis in a Patient With COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report and Review. ⁶¹	Bhagat R...Sagi V	33648382	2021
33	Voltage-gated potassium channel blanket testing in first-episode psychosis: Diagnostic nihilism? ⁶¹	Chan F...Warren N	33423505	2021
34	Clinical Presentation and Outcomes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Related Encephalitis: The ENCOVID Multicenter Study. ⁶¹	Pilotto A...SARS-CoV-2 related encephalopaties (ENCOVID) Study Group	32986824	2021
35	LGI1 downregulation increases neuronal circuit excitability. ⁶¹	Lugara E...Walker MC	33104247	2020
36	Imaging Review of Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes. ⁶¹	Madhavan AA...Diehn FE	33093137	2020
37	Correction to: ESNR 2020. ⁶¹	Journal Editorial Office Neuroradiology	33104850	2020
38	Psychiatric symptoms in anti glutamic acid decarboxylase associated limbic encephalitis in adults: a systematic review. ⁶¹	Vrillon A...Azuar C	33022299	2020
39	Neuropsychiatric Disorders Due to Limbic Encephalitis: Immunologic Aspect. ⁶¹	Kao YC...Lee WT	33396564	2020
40	Voltage-gated potassium channel limbic encephalitis presenting as functional cognitive impairment. ⁶¹	Garrels E...McKay G	33318259	2020
41	Limbic Encephalitis Brain Damage Induced by Cocal Virus in Adult Mice Is Reduced by Environmental Enrichment: Neuropathological and Behavioral Studies. ⁶¹	Freitas PDSL...Diniz Junior JAP	33396704	2020
42	Double filtration plasmapheresis - 10-year pediatric experience as an alternative to plasma exchange. ⁶¹	Maxted AP...Hussain F	32919882	2020
43	[Paraneoplastic anti-gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)B receptor antibody limbic encephalitis associated with small cell lung cancer presenting as new-onset status epilepticus: a case report]. ⁶¹	Akiyama N...Fujita N	33229837	2020
44	Stiff-Person Syndrome Associated with Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoimmune Encephalitis in a Young Woman: A Case Report. ⁶¹	Gao SY...Zhao CB	33413757	2020
45	Expanding the Catatonia Tent: Recognizing Electroconvulsive Therapy Responsive Syndromes. ⁶¹	Fink M	33122500	2020
46	An uncommon presentation of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. ⁶¹	Schwartzmann Y...Gadoth A	33197844	2020
47	A case of limbic encephalitis associated with asymptomatic COVID-19 infection. ⁶¹	Zambreanu L...Lunn MP	32661082	2020
48	Use of diffusion-weighted imaging to distinguish seizure-related change from limbic encephalitis. ⁶¹	Budhram A...Zalewski NL	32583056	2020
49	Autoimmune encephalitis and gastrointestinal dysmotility: achalasia, gastroparesis, and slow transit constipation. ⁶¹	Frieling T...Schemann M	33036051	2020
50	A Case of Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis Developing Immunoglobulin Responsive Orthostatic Hypotension after Remission. ⁶¹	Orimo K...Goto J	33055478	2020

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Genes for Limbic Encephalitis

Genes related to Limbic Encephalitis (0 elite genes):

(show all 18)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence	PubMed IDs
1	AMPH	Amphiphysin	Protein Coding	25.77	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁴ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)	20420174
2	GAD1	Glutamate Decarboxylase 1	Protein Coding	20.85	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁴ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)	16870397 18955013 20035430 (more) 20437582
3	LGI1	Leucine Rich Glioma Inactivated 1	Protein Coding	17.09	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
4	PNMA2	PNMA Family Member 2	Protein Coding	16.26	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
5	GAD2	Glutamate Decarboxylase 2	Protein Coding	14.85	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
6	ADAM22	ADAM Metallopeptidase Domain 22	Protein Coding	14.63	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
7	CNTN2	Contactin 2	Protein Coding	14.05	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
8	AK5	Adenylate Kinase 5	Protein Coding	13.74	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
9	GRIA1	Glutamate Ionotropic Receptor AMPA Type Subunit 1	Protein Coding	13.27	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
10	GRIN2B	Glutamate Ionotropic Receptor NMDA Type Subunit 2B	Protein Coding	13.25	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
11	TPO	Thyroid Peroxidase	Protein Coding	12.9	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
12	GSR	Glutathione-Disulfide Reductase	Protein Coding	12.72	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
13	ELAVL3	ELAV Like RNA Binding Protein 3	Protein Coding	12.42	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Gene name (show sections)
14	BRSK2	BR Serine/Threonine Kinase 2	Protein Coding	12.04	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
15	ENO1	Enolase 1	Protein Coding	11.88	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
16	PPP1R9B	Protein Phosphatase 1 Regulatory Subunit 9B	Protein Coding	10.37	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
17	CNTNAP2	Contactin Associated Protein 2	Protein Coding	9.27	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
18	DPYSL5	Dihydropyrimidinase Like 5	Protein Coding	8.73	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵

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Variations for Limbic Encephalitis

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Expression for Limbic Encephalitis

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Limbic Encephalitis.

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Pathways for Limbic Encephalitis

Pathways related to Limbic Encephalitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 11)

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Glucose / Energy Metabolism ⁴	12.05	GAD2 GAD1 ENO1 BRSK2
2	Neuroscience ⁴	11.76	PPP1R9B GRIN2B GRIA1 GAD2 GAD1 CNTNAP2
3	Synthesis and interconversion of nucleotide di- and triphosphates ⁶⁵	10.89	GSR AK5
4	Pathogenesis of ALS ⁶³	10.88	GRIN2B GRIA1
5	Biogenic Amine Synthesis ¹ Show member pathways catecholamine biosynthesis ¹ Catecholamine biosynthesis ⁶⁵	10.8	GAD2 GAD1
6	SALM protein interactions at the synapses ⁶⁵	10.76	GRIN2B GRIA1
7	Beta-alanine metabolism (TR) ¹ Show member pathways Beta-alanine metabolism ²³ GABA synthesis ⁶⁵ uracil degradation ¹	10.66	GAD2 GAD1
8	Synaptic Neurotransmission Pathways: GABAergic Inhibition ⁶⁴	10.6	GAD2 GAD1
9	LGI-ADAM interactions ⁶⁵	10.5	LGI1 ADAM22
10	Alanine and aspartate metabolism ¹ Show member pathways alanine biosynthesis/degradation ¹	10.27	GAD2 GAD1
11	Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism ³⁶	10	GAD2 GAD1

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GO Terms for Limbic Encephalitis

Cellular components related to Limbic Encephalitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	axon	GO:0030424	9.72	GAD2 GAD1 CNTNAP2 CNTN2 ADAM22
2	neuronal cell body	GO:0043025	9.65	PPP1R9B GRIA1 DPYSL5 CNTNAP2 CNTN2
3	cell surface	GO:0009986	9.63	TPO GRIN2B GRIA1 ENO1 CNTNAP2 CNTN2
4	synaptic vesicle membrane	GO:0030672	9.61	GRIA1 GAD2 AMPH
5	cell junction	GO:0030054	9.5	PPP1R9B LGI1 GRIN2B GRIA1 GAD2 CNTNAP2
6	dendritic spine membrane	GO:0032591	9.48	PPP1R9B GRIA1
7	inhibitory synapse	GO:0060077	9.46	GAD2 GAD1
8	juxtaparanode region of axon	GO:0044224	9.4	CNTNAP2 CNTN2
9	clathrin-sculpted gamma-aminobutyric acid transport vesicle membrane	GO:0061202	9.37	GAD2 GAD1
10	synapse	GO:0045202	9.23	PPP1R9B LGI1 GRIN2B GRIA1 GAD2 GAD1

Biological processes related to Limbic Encephalitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 12)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	nervous system development	GO:0007399	9.63	PPP1R9B LGI1 ELAVL3 DPYSL5 CNTN2 BRSK2
2	neuron projection development	GO:0031175	9.62	PPP1R9B LGI1 CNTNAP2 CNTN2
3	learning	GO:0007612	9.61	PPP1R9B CNTNAP2 CNTN2
4	nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion	GO:0015949	9.51	GSR AK5
5	ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway	GO:0035235	9.49	GRIN2B GRIA1
6	carboxylic acid metabolic process	GO:0019752	9.48	GAD2 GAD1
7	neurotransmitter biosynthetic process	GO:0042136	9.46	GAD2 GAD1
8	neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane	GO:0099645	9.4	LGI1 ADAM22
9	protein localization to juxtaparanode region of axon	GO:0071205	9.37	CNTNAP2 CNTN2
10	clustering of voltage-gated potassium channels	GO:0045163	9.26	CNTNAP2 CNTN2
11	chemical synaptic transmission	GO:0007268	9.02	GRIN2B GRIA1 GAD2 GAD1 AMPH
12	glutamate decarboxylation to succinate	GO:0006540	8.96	GAD2 GAD1

Molecular functions related to Limbic Encephalitis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	carboxy-lyase activity	GO:0016831	9.26	GAD2 GAD1
2	ionotropic glutamate receptor activity	GO:0004970	9.16	GRIN2B GRIA1
3	glutamate decarboxylase activity	GO:0004351	8.96	GAD2 GAD1
4	glutamate binding	GO:0016595	8.8	GRIN2B GAD2 GAD1

Sources

Sources for Limbic Encephalitis

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

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¹⁸ ExPASy

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GARD

²¹ GeneAnalytics

²² GeneCards

²³ GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²⁴ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁵ GeneReviews

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HMDB

³¹ HPO

³² ICD10

³³ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁴ ICD9CM

³⁵ IUPHAR

³⁶ KEGG

³⁷ LifeMap

³⁸ LncRNADisease

³⁹ LOVD

⁴⁰ MalaCards

⁴¹ MedGen

⁴² MedlinePlus

⁴³ MedlinePlus Genetics

⁴⁴ MeSH

⁴⁵ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁶ MGI

⁴⁷ miR2Disease

⁴⁸ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁹ NCI

⁵⁰ NCIt

⁵¹ NDF-RT

⁵² NIH Clinical Center

⁵³ NINDS

⁵⁴ Novoseek

⁵⁵ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁶ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁷ OMIM® (Updated 20-May-2021)

⁵⁸ Orphanet

⁵⁹ PathCards

⁶⁰ PharmGKB

⁶¹ PubMed

⁶² PubMed Health

⁶³ QIAGEN

⁶⁴ R&D Systems

⁶⁵ Reactome

⁶⁶ Sino Biological

⁶⁷ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁶⁹ Tocris

⁷⁰ UMLS

⁷¹ UMLS via Orphanet

⁷² UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷³ Wikipedia