Lipoprotein Quantitative Trait Locus (LPAQTL)

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Disease Ontology 11 DOID:11843 DOID:3393 OMIM® 57 618807 ICD9CM 34 410-414.99 414.0 414.9 746.85 more MeSH 43 D003324 D003327 D017202 NCIt 49 C35505 C50625 SNOMED-CT 68 194852007 233822007 28574005 41702007 53741008 more

ICD10 31 I20-I25 I25 MedGen 40 C5394134 EFO 16 EFO_0001645 EFO_1001375 ICD11 33 1059873720 1059873720/other 1059873720/unspecified 902783759 902783759/other 902783759/unspecified more UMLS 71 C0010054 C0010068 C0151744 C0158623 C0264694 C1956346 more

MedlinePlus: ⁴¹ Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease. It is the leading cause of death in the United States in both men and women. CAD happens when the arteries that supply blood to heart muscle become hardened and narrowed. This is due to the buildup of cholesterol and other material, called plaque, on their inner walls. This buildup is called atherosclerosis. As it grows, less blood can flow through the arteries. As a result, the heart muscle can't get the blood or oxygen it needs. This can lead to chest pain (angina) or a heart attack. Most heart attacks happen when a blood clot suddenly cuts off the hearts' blood supply, causing permanent heart damage. Over time, CAD can also weaken the heart muscle and contribute to heart failure and arrhythmias. Heart failure means the heart can't pump blood well to the rest of the body. Arrhythmias are changes in the normal beating rhythm of the heart. NIH: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

MalaCards based summary: Lipoprotein Quantitative Trait Locus, also known as coronary artery disease, is related to heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and has symptoms including tremor, angina pectoris and chest pain. An important gene associated with Lipoprotein Quantitative Trait Locus is LPA (Lipoprotein(A)), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Cell differentiation - expanded index and miRNAs involvement in the immune response in sepsis. The drugs Amiodarone and Oxymetazoline have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include heart, bone marrow and endothelial.

OMIM®: ⁵⁷ Lipoprotein(a) is a macromolecular complex in human plasma which represents a quantitative genetic trait with a heritability of 0.7 or higher. Lipoprotein(a) is composed of an LDL-like particle in which apoB (107730) is covalently bound by a single disulfide bond to apolipoprotein(a). Apo(a) has been demonstrated to be the main determinant of the quantitative Lp(a) trait. Variation in the number of plasminogen (PLG)-like kringle (K) IV type 2 tandem repeats in the apo(a) gene is inversely correlated to Lp(a) plasma levels in all populations studied. Several polymorphisms in the Lp(a) gene have been found to affect the apo(a) concentration level (summary by Ogorelkova et al., 1999). (618807) (Updated 08-Dec-2022)

PubMed Health : ⁶³ Coronary artery disease: Coronary artery disease (CAD, also called coronary heart disease, or CHD) is caused by the narrowing of the large blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen. These are called coronary arteries. Arteries that have become extremely narrow can cause shortness of breath and chest pain during physical activity. If a coronary artery suddenly becomes completely blocked, it can result in a heart attack. CAD can also lead to other health problems like heart failure or heart rhythm problems. Various treatments can be used to reduce the symptoms and the risk of complications.

Disease Ontology: ¹¹ An artery disease that is characterized by plaque building up along the inner walls of the arteries of the heart resulting in a narrowing of the arteries and a reduced blood supply to the cardiac muscles.

Clinical features from OMIM®:

618807 (Updated 08-Dec-2022)

The main goals of treatment for CAD are to relieve symptoms and prevent complications. Medication can reduce the symptoms and restrictions in everyday life caused by stable angina . Beta blockers , calcium channel blockers and nitrates are used for this purpose. If that doesn't help, doctors often try to widen the narrowed coronary artery with a procedure using a cardiac catheter . If the arteries are severely narrowed, or if several blood vessels are affected, bypass surgery may be considered. This involves taking a blood vessel from elsewhere in the body and using it to redirect blood around the blocked coronary artery (bypassing it). There are things you can do on your own to help prevent complications like a heart attack or heart failure : eating a healthy diet and getting enough exercise are two examples. If you smoke, you could try to give it up. Also, there are a number of different medications that can prevent complications and increase life expectancy. These include the following: Low doses of acetylsalicylic acid (the drug in medicines like "Aspirin ") to prevent blood clots Statins to protect the blood vessels Beta blockers to reduce the strain on the heart (especially in people with heart failure or high blood pressure )

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