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LISX2
MCID: LSS037
MIFTS: 32

Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2 (LISX2)

Categories: Endocrine diseases, Fetal diseases, Genetic diseases, Mental diseases, Neuronal diseases, Rare diseases, Reproductive diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Symptoms & Phenotypes
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Aliases & Classifications for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2:

Name: Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2 58 74
Hydranencephaly with Abnormal Genitalia 58 13 6
Lissencephaly, X-Linked 2 58 76
Lisx2 58 76
Xlisg 58 76
Xlag 58 76
X-Linked Lissencephaly-Corpus Callosum Agenesis-Genital Anomalies Syndrome 60
Lissencephaly, X-Linked, with Ambiguous Genitalia; Xlag 58
Lissencephaly, X-Linked, with Ambiguous Genitalia 58
X-Linked Lissencephaly with Ambiguous Genitalia 60
Lissencephaly X-Linked with Ambiguous Genitalia 76
X-Linked Lissencephaly with Abnormal Genitalia 60
Chromosome Xq26.3 Duplication Syndrome 74
Xlag Syndrome 60

Characteristics:

Orphanet epidemiological data:

60
x-linked lissencephaly with abnormal genitalia
Inheritance: X-linked recessive; Age of onset: Neonatal; Age of death: early childhood;

OMIM:

58
Inheritance:
x-linked

Miscellaneous:
early death in males
some female carriers are more mildly affected


HPO:

33
lissencephaly, x-linked, 2:
Inheritance x-linked inheritance


Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Genetic diseases Fetal diseases Rare diseases
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases Endocrine diseases Reproductive diseases Mental diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 35
Orphanet: 60  
Rare neurological diseases
Rare endocrine diseases
Developmental anomalies during embryogenesis


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Summaries for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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OMIM : 58 X-linked lissencephaly-2 (LISX2) is a developmental disorder characterized by structural brain anomalies, early-onset intractable seizures, severe psychomotor retardation, and ambiguous genitalia. Males are severely affected and often die within the first days or months of life, whereas females may be unaffected or have a milder phenotype (Bonneau et al., 2002). LISX2 is part of a phenotypic spectrum of disorders caused by mutation in the ARX gene comprising a nearly continuous series of developmental disorders ranging from hydranencephaly and lissencephaly to Proud syndrome (300004) to infantile spasms without brain malformations (EIEE1; 308350) to syndromic (309510) and nonsyndromic (300419) mental retardation (Kato et al., 2004; Wallerstein et al., 2008). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of lissencephaly, see LIS1 (607432). (300215)

MalaCards based summary : Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2, also known as hydranencephaly with abnormal genitalia, is related to x-linked lissencephaly with abnormal genitalia and lissencephaly, and has symptoms including snoring and thick skin. An important gene associated with Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2 is ARX (Aristaless Related Homeobox). Affiliated tissues include brain, skin and testes, and related phenotypes are agenesis of corpus callosum and seizures

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot : 76 Lissencephaly, X-linked 2: A classic type lissencephaly associated with abnormal genitalia. Patients have severe congenital or postnatal microcephaly, lissencephaly, agenesis of the corpus callosum, neonatal-onset intractable epilepsy, poor temperature regulation, chronic diarrhea, and ambiguous or underdeveloped genitalia.

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Related Diseases for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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Diseases in the Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 1 family:

Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

Diseases related to Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2 via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 11)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 x-linked lissencephaly with abnormal genitalia 11.5
2 lissencephaly 11.5
3 chromosome xq26.3 duplication syndrome 11.4
4 corpus callosum, agenesis of, with abnormal genitalia 11.1
5 mental retardation, x-linked, with or without seizures, arx-related 11.1
6 epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 1 11.1
7 partington x-linked mental retardation syndrome 11.1
8 lissencephaly, x-linked, 1 10.3
9 diarrhea 10.3
10 epilepsy 10.0
11 hypogonadism 10.0

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2:



Diseases related to Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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Human phenotypes related to Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2:

60 33 (show all 41)
# Description HPO Frequency Orphanet Frequency HPO Source Accession
1 agenesis of corpus callosum 60 33 Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0001274
2 seizures 60 33 Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0001250
3 muscular hypotonia 60 33 Frequent (79-30%) HP:0001252
4 spasticity 60 33 Occasional (29-5%) HP:0001257
5 micrognathia 60 33 Occasional (29-5%) HP:0000347
6 ventriculomegaly 60 33 Frequent (79-30%) HP:0002119
7 ambiguous genitalia 60 33 Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0000062
8 pachygyria 60 33 Very frequent (99-80%) HP:0001302
9 low-set ears 33 HP:0000369
10 high palate 33 HP:0000218
11 intellectual disability 60 Very frequent (99-80%)
12 hyperreflexia 33 HP:0001347
13 global developmental delay 60 Very frequent (99-80%)
14 wide nasal bridge 33 HP:0000431
15 malabsorption 60 Frequent (79-30%)
16 microcephaly 60 Very frequent (99-80%)
17 feeding difficulties in infancy 33 HP:0008872
18 prominent forehead 60 Occasional (29-5%)
19 long philtrum 33 HP:0000343
20 death in infancy 60 Frequent (79-30%)
21 patent ductus arteriosus 60 Occasional (29-5%)
22 severe global developmental delay 33 HP:0011344
23 cryptorchidism 60 Very frequent (99-80%)
24 hypohidrosis 60 Frequent (79-30%)
25 specific learning disability 33 HP:0001328
26 exocrine pancreatic insufficiency 60 Occasional (29-5%)
27 prominent nasal bridge 33 HP:0000426
28 aganglionic megacolon 60 Occasional (29-5%)
29 decreased testicular size 33 HP:0008734
30 ventricular septal defect 60 Occasional (29-5%)
31 thin upper lip vermilion 33 HP:0000219
32 diarrhea 33 HP:0002014
33 hypoplasia of penis 60 Very frequent (99-80%)
34 high forehead 33 HP:0000348
35 wide anterior fontanel 33 HP:0000260
36 micropenis 33 HP:0000054
37 generalized hypotonia 33 HP:0001290
38 gliosis 33 HP:0002171
39 profound global developmental delay 33 HP:0012736
40 long upper lip 33 HP:0011341
41 duane anomaly 33 HP:0009921

Symptoms via clinical synopsis from OMIM:

58
Head And Neck Ears:
low-set ears

Head And Neck Nose:
wide nasal bridge
prominent nasal root
pinched nasal alae

Head And Neck Head:
high forehead
large anterior fontanelle

Head And Neck Mouth:
long upper lip
high-arched palate
thin upper lip

Endocrine Features:
hypothalamic dysfunction
impaired temperature regulation

Neurologic Central Nervous System:
hyperreflexia
hypotonia
enlarged ventricles
agenesis of the corpus callosum
psychomotor retardation, profound
more
Head And Neck Face:
long philtrum
micrognathia

Genitourinary External Genitalia Male:
ambiguous genitalia
small penis
small testes
underdeveloped scrotal folds

Abdomen Gastrointestinal:
poor feeding
diarrhea, chronic

Head And Neck Eyes:
thin optic nerves
duane anomaly (reported in 1 female)

Clinical features from OMIM:

300215

UMLS symptoms related to Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2:


snoring, thick skin
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Drugs & Therapeutics for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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Search Clinical Trials , NIH Clinical Center for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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Genetic Tests for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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Anatomical Context for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2:

42
Brain, Skin, Testes, Cortex
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Publications for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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Articles related to Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2:

# Title Authors Year
1
A Neonate with X-linked Lissencephaly with Ambiguous Genitalia. ( 28553390 )
2017
2
Association between X-linked lissencephaly with ambiguous genitalia syndrome and lenticulostriate vasculopathy in neonate. ( 18412232 )
2008
3
Inactivation of Arx, the murine ortholog of the X-linked lissencephaly with ambiguous genitalia gene, leads to severe disorganization of the ventral telencephalon with impaired neuronal migration and differentiation. ( 17460091 )
2007
4
X-linked lissencephaly with ambiguous genitalia: delineation of further case. ( 10982975 )
2000
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Variations for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot genetic disease variations for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2:

76
# Symbol AA change Variation ID SNP ID
1 ARX p.Arg332His VAR_015178 rs111033612
2 ARX p.Leu343Gln VAR_015179 rs104894741
3 ARX p.Arg332Pro VAR_033260
4 ARX p.Pro353Arg VAR_033262
5 ARX p.Ala521Thr VAR_033263 rs746120093

ClinVar genetic disease variations for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2:

6 (show top 50) (show all 61)
# Gene Variation Type Significance SNP ID Assembly Location
1 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1471dup (p.Leu491Profs) duplication Pathogenic rs797045292 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25023005: 25023005
2 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1471dup (p.Leu491Profs) duplication Pathogenic rs797045292 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25004888: 25004888
3 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1449-82_1469dup duplication Pathogenic rs1556046904 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25023007: 25023109
4 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1449-82_1469dup duplication Pathogenic rs1556046904 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25004890: 25004992
5 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1337dup (p.Pro447Alafs) duplication Pathogenic rs797045291 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25007222: 25007222
6 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1337dup (p.Pro447Alafs) duplication Pathogenic rs797045291 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25025339: 25025339
7 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1164_1165insCAAAG (p.Ala389Glnfs) insertion Pathogenic rs797045290 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25025511: 25025512
8 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1164_1165insCAAAG (p.Ala389Glnfs) insertion Pathogenic rs797045290 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25007394: 25007395
9 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1096del (p.Asp366Thrfs) deletion Pathogenic rs797045289 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25028400: 25028400
10 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1096del (p.Asp366Thrfs) deletion Pathogenic rs797045289 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25010283: 25010283
11 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.562_563delGCinsTA (p.Ala188Ter) indel Pathogenic rs797045303 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25031549: 25031550
12 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.562_563delGCinsTA (p.Ala188Ter) indel Pathogenic rs797045303 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25013432: 25013433
13 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX) duplication Likely pathogenic rs1556056131 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25031651: 25031686
14 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX) duplication Likely pathogenic rs1556056131 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25013534: 25013569
15 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.409_410insG (p.Glu137Glyfs) duplication Pathogenic rs797045298 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25031703: 25031703
16 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.409_410insG (p.Glu137Glyfs) duplication Pathogenic rs797045298 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25013586: 25013586
17 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX) duplication Pathogenic rs387906492 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25031777: 25031800
18 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX) duplication Pathogenic rs387906492 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25013660: 25013683
19 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.304_305ins21 (p.?) insertion Pathogenic GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25013690: 25013691
20 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.304_305ins21 (p.?) insertion Pathogenic GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25031807: 25031808
21 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1120-82_1469dup duplication Pathogenic
22 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX) NT expansion Pathogenic rs387906492 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25031779: 25031781
23 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX) NT expansion Pathogenic rs387906492 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25013662: 25013664
24 ARX ARX, 32-BP DEL, NT420 deletion Pathogenic
25 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.995G> A (p.Arg332His) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs111033612 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25031117: 25031117
26 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.995G> A (p.Arg332His) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs111033612 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25013000: 25013000
27 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1117C> T (p.Gln373Ter) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs104894740 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25028379: 25028379
28 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1117C> T (p.Gln373Ter) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs104894740 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25010262: 25010262
29 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1187dup (p.Gly397Trpfs) duplication Pathogenic GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25025489: 25025489
30 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1187dup (p.Gly397Trpfs) duplication Pathogenic GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25007372: 25007372
31 ARX ARX, EX1-2DEL deletion Pathogenic
32 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1028T> A (p.Leu343Gln) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs104894741 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25031084: 25031084
33 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.995G> T (p.Arg332Leu) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs111033612 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25013000: 25013000
34 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.995G> T (p.Arg332Leu) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs111033612 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25031117: 25031117
35 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.617del (p.Gly206Alafs) deletion Pathogenic rs587783202 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25013378: 25013378
36 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.617del (p.Gly206Alafs) deletion Pathogenic rs587783202 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25031495: 25031495
37 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.335_368del (p.Ala112Glyfs) deletion Pathogenic rs587783199 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25013627: 25013660
38 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.335_368del (p.Ala112Glyfs) deletion Pathogenic rs587783199 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25031744: 25031777
39 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1465del (p.Ala489Profs) deletion Pathogenic rs587783191 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25004894: 25004894
40 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1465del (p.Ala489Profs) deletion Pathogenic rs587783191 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25023011: 25023011
41 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1414C> T (p.Arg472Ter) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs587783189 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25007145: 25007145
42 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1414C> T (p.Arg472Ter) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs587783189 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25025262: 25025262
43 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1372del (p.Ala458Argfs) deletion Pathogenic rs587783187 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25007187: 25007187
44 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1372del (p.Ala458Argfs) deletion Pathogenic rs587783187 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25025304: 25025304
45 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1134C> A (p.Asn378Lys) single nucleotide variant Likely pathogenic rs587783184 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25007425: 25007425
46 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1134C> A (p.Asn378Lys) single nucleotide variant Likely pathogenic rs587783184 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25025542: 25025542
47 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1121T> A (p.Val374Asp) single nucleotide variant Likely pathogenic rs587783183 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25007438: 25007438
48 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1121T> A (p.Val374Asp) single nucleotide variant Likely pathogenic rs587783183 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25025555: 25025555
49 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1028T> A (p.Leu343Gln) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs104894741 GRCh38 Chromosome X, 25012967: 25012967
50 ARX NM_139058.2(ARX): c.1105G> T (p.Glu369Ter) single nucleotide variant Pathogenic rs104894746 GRCh37 Chromosome X, 25028391: 25028391
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Expression for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2.
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Pathways for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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GO Terms for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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Sources for Lissencephaly, X-Linked, 2

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
20 FMA
29 GO
30 GTR
31 HGMD
32 HMDB
33 HPO
34 ICD10
35 ICD10 via Orphanet
36 ICD9CM
37 IUPHAR
38 KEGG
39 LifeMap
41 LOVD
43 MedGen
45 MeSH
46 MESH via Orphanet
47 MGI
50 NCI
51 NCIt
52 NDF-RT
55 NINDS
56 Novoseek
58 OMIM
59 OMIM via Orphanet
63 PubMed
65 QIAGEN
70 SNOMED-CT via HPO
71 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
72 TGDB
73 Tocris
74 UMLS
75 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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