Macular Holes disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: MCL003 MIFTS: 44	Macular Holes Categories: Eye diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs Download Expand all tables

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Aliases & Classifications for Macular Holes

MalaCards integrated aliases for Macular Holes:

Name: Macular Holes ¹² ⁵⁵ ¹⁵ ⁷³

Macular Hole ¹²

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Eye diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

External Ids:

Disease Ontology ¹² DOID:7633

MeSH ⁴⁴ D012167

NCIt ⁵⁰ C34795

SNOMED-CT ⁶⁸ 193388002 232006002

UMLS ⁷³ C0024441

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Summaries for Macular Holes

MalaCards based summary : Macular Holes, also known as macular hole, is related to central retinal vein occlusion and macular dystrophy, dominant cystoid. An important gene associated with Macular Holes is TGFB2 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+ and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection. The drugs Ranibizumab and Verteporfin have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include eye, retina and endothelial, and related phenotype is immune system.

Wikipedia : ⁷⁶ A macular hole is a small break in the macula, located in the center of the eye\'s light-sensitive... more...

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Related Diseases for Macular Holes

Diseases related to Macular Holes via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 104)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	central retinal vein occlusion	30.5	SERPINF1 VEGFA
2	macular dystrophy, dominant cystoid	30.2	KCNMA1 VEGFA
3	microvascular complications of diabetes 5	30.2	ANGPT2 SERPINF1 VEGFA
4	vitreous detachment	30.1	KCNMA1 LHFPL5 VEGFA
5	macular retinal edema	29.9	KCNMA1 SERPINF1 VEGFA
6	retinal vein occlusion	29.4	CCL2 SERPINF1 VEGFA
7	vitreoretinopathy, neovascular inflammatory	29.3	ADM CCL2 TGFB2
8	diabetic macular edema	28.8	CCL2 SERPINF1 VEGFA
9	macular degeneration, age-related, 1	28.0	CCL2 KCNMA1 SERPINF1 VEGFA
10	microvascular complications of diabetes 1	27.4	ANGPT2 CCL2 CXCL8 SERPINF1 TGFB2 VEGFA
11	retinal disease	11.0
12	retinitis	10.9
13	retinal detachment	10.8
14	myopia	10.5
15	preretinal fibrosis	10.3	TGFB2 VEGFA
16	neovascular glaucoma	10.3	TGFB2 VEGFA
17	pyogenic granuloma	10.3	ANGPT2 VEGFA
18	background diabetic retinopathy	10.3	ANGPT2 VEGFA
19	cataract	10.2
20	choroiditis	10.2
21	diabetic cataract	10.2	SERPINF1 VEGFA
22	poems syndrome	10.2	ANGPT2 VEGFA
23	lipodermatosclerosis	10.2	ANGPT2 VEGFA
24	alport syndrome, x-linked	10.2
25	vitreous disease	10.2	TGFB2 VEGFA
26	coats disease	10.2
27	eales disease	10.1	SERPINF1 VEGFA
28	microvascular complications of diabetes 2	10.1
29	lymphangioma	10.1	SERPINF1 VEGFA
30	aging	10.1
31	neuropathy	10.1
32	retinitis pigmentosa	10.0
33	choroideremia	10.0
34	leber congenital amaurosis 4	10.0
35	exudative vitreoretinopathy	10.0
36	neuroretinitis	10.0
37	scotoma	10.0
38	bullous keratopathy	10.0	CXCL8 TGFB2
39	sapho syndrome	10.0	CXCL8 VEGFA
40	retinal vascular disease	10.0	ANGPT2 SERPINF1 VEGFA
41	peyronie's disease	10.0	CCL2 TGFB2
42	myotonic dystrophy 1	9.9
43	retinoschisis 1, x-linked, juvenile	9.9
44	stargardt disease	9.9
45	vitelliform macular dystrophy	9.9
46	vogt-koyanagi-harada disease	9.9
47	optic nerve disease	9.9
48	chorioretinitis	9.9
49	myotonic dystrophy	9.9
50	juvenile retinoschisis	9.9

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Macular Holes:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Macular Holes

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Macular Holes:

⁴⁶

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	immune system	MP:0005387	9.28	ADM ALOX5AP ANGPT2 CCL2 MIF PTGDS

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Macular Holes

Drugs for Macular Holes (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 95)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Ranibizumab

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable

347396-82-1

459903

Verteporfin

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

129497-78-5

Angiogenesis Inhibitors

Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable

Angiogenesis Modulating Agents

Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable

Pharmaceutical Solutions

Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable

Dermatologic Agents

Phase 4

Photosensitizing Agents

Phase 4

Lutein

Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical

Phase 3,Not Applicable

127-40-2

6433159

Fibrinolytic Agents

Phase 3,Phase 2

Plasminogen

Phase 3,Phase 2

Mitogens

Phase 2

Tetrahydrozoline

Phase 2,Not Applicable

Ophthalmic Solutions

Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable

Dexamethasone

Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved

Phase 1,Not Applicable

50-02-2

5743

glucocorticoids

Phase 1,Not Applicable

Hormone Antagonists

Phase 1,Not Applicable

Hormones

Phase 1,Not Applicable

Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists

Phase 1,Not Applicable

Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Phase 1,Not Applicable

Dexamethasone acetate

Phase 1,Not Applicable

1177-87-3

protease inhibitors

Phase 1,Not Applicable

Gastrointestinal Agents

Phase 1,Not Applicable

HIV Protease Inhibitors

Phase 1,Not Applicable

Dexamethasone 21-phosphate

Phase 1

Peripheral Nervous System Agents

Phase 1,Not Applicable

Antiemetics

Phase 1,Not Applicable

BB 1101

Phase 1,Not Applicable

Autonomic Agents

Phase 1,Not Applicable

Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal

Phase 1,Not Applicable

rituximab

Approved

174722-31-7

10201696

Infliximab

Approved

170277-31-3

Methotrexate

Approved

1959-05-2, 59-05-2

126941

Etanercept

Approved, Investigational

185243-69-0

Triamcinolone

Approved, Vet_approved

Not Applicable

124-94-7

31307

Prednisolone

Approved, Vet_approved

50-24-8

5755

Mycophenolic acid

Approved

24280-93-1

446541

Adalimumab

Approved

331731-18-1

16219006

Azathioprine

Approved

446-86-6

2265

Mycophenolate mofetil

Approved, Investigational

128794-94-5

5281078

Methylprednisolone

Approved, Vet_approved

83-43-2

6741

Temazepam

Approved, Investigational

Not Applicable

846-50-4

5391

Dorzolamide

Approved

Not Applicable

120279-96-1

3154 5284549

Menthol

Approved

Not Applicable

2216-51-5

16666

Timolol

Approved

Not Applicable

26839-75-8

33624 5478

Benzocaine

Approved, Investigational

Not Applicable

1994-09-7, 94-09-7

2337

Bevacizumab

Approved, Investigational

Not Applicable

216974-75-3

Dipivefrin

Approved

Not Applicable

52365-63-6

3105

Iodine

Approved, Investigational

Not Applicable

7553-56-2

807

Povidone-iodine

Approved

Not Applicable

25655-41-8

Povidone

Approved

Not Applicable

9003-39-8

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 116)

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	Effects of Different Area of Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling (ILM) Peeling on Anatomical Outcomes in Macular Hole Surgery	Completed	NCT02930369	Phase 4
2	Assessment of Patients Treated With JETREA® for Vitreomacular Traction	Completed	NCT02035748	Phase 4	Ocriplasmin
3	Ocriplasmin for Vitreomacular Traction/Symptomatic Vitreomacular Adhesion	Completed	NCT02322229	Phase 4	Ocriplasmin 0.125 mg in a 0.1 mL volume
4	Study of Surgery in Patients With Idiopathic Macular Hole	Recruiting	NCT02905409	Phase 4
5	Cohort Study of the Clinical Course of Macular Diseases in Kagawa	Recruiting	NCT02321267	Phase 4	ranibizumab, aflibercept, pegaptanib, verteporphin
6	Day Regimes of CONbercept on CytokinEs of PDR Patients Undergoing Vitrectomy - Trial (CONCEPT)	Recruiting	NCT03506750	Phase 4	IVC
7	Brilliant Blue Versus Indocyanine Green	Unknown status	NCT01083004	Phase 3
8	Safety and Efficacy of Double Staining With Brilliant Blue G for Macular Surgery	Unknown status	NCT01820520	Phase 3	brilliant blue G
9	Ocriplasmin for Treatment for Symptomatic Vitreomacular Adhesion Including Macular Hole	Completed	NCT01429441	Phase 3	Ocriplasmin
10	Association of Lutein, Zeaxanthin and Brilliant Blue in Chromovitrectomy	Completed	NCT01627977	Phase 3
11	Trial of Microplasmin Intravitreal Injection for Non-Surgical Treatment of Focal Vitreomacular Adhesion. The MIVI-TRUST (TG-MV-007) Trial.	Completed	NCT00798317	Phase 3	Ocriplasmin 125µg;Placebo
12	A Phase III Study of A01016 in Subjects With Symptomatic Vitreomacular Adhesion	Completed	NCT01889251	Phase 3	Ocriplasmin;Sham injection
13	A Safety And Efficacy Study Of Alg-1001 In Human Subjects With Symptomatic Focal Vitreomacular Adhesion	Completed	NCT02153476	Phase 2	2.0mg of ALG-1001;Balanced Salt Solution
14	Intravitreal Microplasmin in Patients Undergoing Surgical Vitrectomy	Completed	NCT00123279	Phase 2	Microplasmin
15	Analysis of Aqueous and Vitreous Humor	Recruiting	NCT02067013	Phase 2	Ranibizumab
16	Study of OT-551 Eye Drops to Prevent or Delay Progression of Nuclear Cataracts Following Vitreous Removal	Terminated	NCT00333060	Phase 2	OT-551 ophthalmic solution
17	PK Study of Iontophoretic Dexamethasone Phosphate Ophthalmic Solution in Patients Undergoing Vitrectomy	Completed	NCT02644694	Phase 1	Dexamethasone Phosphate Ophthalmic Solution
18	Inverted ILM Repositioning as Treatment for Full Thickness Macular Holes	Unknown status	NCT01228188	Not Applicable
19	Early Vitrectomy for Impending Macular Hole	Unknown status	NCT01121965	Not Applicable
20	Macular Hole Surgery With and Without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling：A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis	Unknown status	NCT01687829
21	The Intravitreal Autologous Platelet Concentrate Injection as an Adjunct of Vitrectomy for the Treatment of Refractory Macular Holes	Unknown status	NCT02081170	Not Applicable
22	Comparison of Postoperative Aqueous Flare After 20G Versus 23G Pars Plana Vitrectomy	Unknown status	NCT01969929	Not Applicable
23	Early Vitrectomy for Macular Tractional Maculopathy	Unknown status	NCT01121978	Not Applicable
24	Double Endotamponade With Perfluorodecalin and Silicone Oil in Retinal Detachment Surgery.	Unknown status	NCT01959568	Not Applicable
25	Comparison of Two Techniques for Epiretinal or Internal Limiting Membrane Peel	Unknown status	NCT00892619	Not Applicable
26	Optical Coherence Tomography - Rescan During Dissection of Macular Membranes	Unknown status	NCT02748421	Not Applicable
27	Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography of the Eye	Unknown status	NCT02614625
28	Causes of Visual Loss in Retinal Disease	Unknown status	NCT01613963		Immunosuppressive Agents
29	Optical Coherence Tomography-based Positioning for Macular Hole Surgery	Completed	NCT02650739
30	Preoperative Progression of Macular Holes	Completed	NCT02203929
31	Postoperative Positioning After Surgery for Macular Holes	Completed	NCT01974310	Not Applicable
32	Foveal Cone Outer Segment Resumption to Predict Visual Recovery After Macular Hole Surgery	Completed	NCT01381965	Not Applicable
33	High Myopia Macular Hole and Retinal Detachment Treated With Double ILM Flaps	Completed	NCT03174639	Not Applicable
34	Observation of Recovery of Foveal Cone Microstructures After Macular Hole Surgery	Completed	NCT01306487
35	Macular Hole After Diabetic Vitrectomy	Completed	NCT03525899
36	Air Tamponade in Macular Hole Surgery	Completed	NCT01680068	Not Applicable
37	Unveiling Preclinical Idiopathic Macular Hole Formation	Completed	NCT02180633
38	Air Tamponade in Macular Holes < 400 μm	Completed	NCT02028481	Not Applicable
39	Fundus Autofluorescence After Macular Hole Surgery	Completed	NCT02628262
40	Trial of Prognostic Factors and Surgical Methods for the Treatment of Idiopathic Macular Holes	Completed	NCT00302328	Not Applicable
41	Comparative Study Between Early Vitrectomy and Observation for Spontaneous Closure of Traumatic Macular Hole	Completed	NCT01509092	Not Applicable
42	Alleviated Positioning for Small Macular Holes	Completed	NCT00190164	Not Applicable
43	Outcome of Idiopathic Macular Hole	Completed	NCT00941291
44	Microperimetry and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) in Idiopathic Macular Hole	Completed	NCT01757600
45	Optical Coherence Tomography in Gas-filled Eyes	Completed	NCT01266746
46	Brillant Blue Versus Indocyanine Green for Macular Hole Surgery	Completed	NCT00757471	Not Applicable
47	Impact of C3F8 or SF6 Use and Length of Face-down Positioning (7 vs 14 Days Respectively) in Macular Hole Surgery	Completed	NCT02073266	Not Applicable
48	Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Technique for Macular Hole Retinal Detachment in Highly Myopic Eyes	Completed	NCT02896972	Not Applicable
49	Macular Hole in Diabetic Retinopathy	Completed	NCT00737074
50	Elongation of Foveal Tissue After Macular Hole Surgery	Completed	NCT01471912	Not Applicable

Search NIH Clinical Center for Macular Holes

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Genetic Tests for Macular Holes

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Anatomical Context for Macular Holes

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Macular Holes:

⁴¹

Eye, Retina, Endothelial, Testes, Cortex

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Publications for Macular Holes

Articles related to Macular Holes:

(show top 50) (show all 731)

#	Title	Authors	Year
1	ILM peeling in macular hole retinal detachment: insert or not? ( 29909575 )	Lai C.C.	2018
2	Lamellar macular holes: surgical outcome of 106 patients with long-term follow-up. ( 29785511 )	Coassin M....Fontana L.	2018
3	Bilateral recurrent macular holes. ( 29946573 )	Yoon S.P....Fekrat S.	2018
4	Pilot Evaluation of a New Surgical Technique for Persistent or Recurrent Large Macular Holes. ( 29664984 )	Primavera V....Querques G.	2018
5	Bilateral giant macular holes: A rare manifestation of Alport syndrome. ( 29873249 )	Raimundo M....Figueira J.	2018
6	Inverted internal limiting membrane insertion versus standard internal limiting membrane peeling for macular hole retinal detachment in high myopia: one-year study. ( 29911271 )	Wakabayashi T....Nishida K.	2018
7	One-Year Results after Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Transposition for Surgical Repair of Macular Holes with Respect to Microperimetry. ( 29936501 )	Leisser C....Findl O.	2018
8	A Review of Surgical Outcomes and Advances for Macular Holes. ( 29850211 )	Zhao P.P....Zhao J.S.	2018
9	Non-inverted pedicle internal limiting membrane transposition for large macular holes. ( 29844368 )	Hu Z....Xie P.	2018
10	Best surgical technique and outcomes for large macular holes: retrospective multicentre study in Japan. ( 29671948 )	Yamashita T....Nakamura Y.	2018
11	RECURRENT OPENING AND CLOSURE OF MACULAR HOLE AFTER PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY FOR RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT. ( 29315126 )	Ozdemir E....Ozdek S.	2018
12	Multi-Scale Segmentation and Surface Fitting for Measuring 3-D Macular Holes. ( 29408786 )	Nasrulloh A.V....Obara B.	2018
13	Microstructural retinal regeneration after internal limiting membrane flap surgery for repair of large macular holes: a 1-year follow-up study. ( 29744761 )	Vieregge M....Guber J.	2018
14	Incidence of Macular Holes in the Fellow Eye without Vitreomacular Detachment at Baseline. ( 29895011 )	Philippakis E....Gaudric A.	2018
15	Evaluation of TGF-Beta 2 and VEGF<i>I+</i> Gene Expression Levels in Epiretinal Membranes and Internal Limiting Membranes in the Course of Retinal Detachments, Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy, Macular Holes, and Idiopathic Epiretinal Membranes. ( 29850215 )	Stafiej J....Malukiewicz G.	2018
16	Multiple extrafoveal macular holes following internal limiting membrane peeling. ( 29760571 )	Hussain N....Mitra S.	2018
17	FULL-THICKNESS MACULAR HOLE WITH MACULAR INTRACHOROIDAL CAVITATION IN A PATIENT WITH PATHOLOGIC MYOPIA. ( 29443802 )	A9rnek N....A9rnek K.	2018
18	Lamellar macular holes in the eyes with pathological myopia. ( 29725825 )	Dell'omo R....Costagliola C.	2018
19	MACULAR HOLE HYDRODISSECTION: Surgical Technique for the Treatment of Persistent, Chronic, and Large Macular Holes. ( 29303907 )	Felfeli T....Mandelcorn E.D.	2018
20	SPONTANEOUS CLOSURE OF SIMULTANEOUS IDIOPATHIC MACULAR HOLES DOCUMENTED BY SPECTRAL-DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY. ( 29847534 )	Gonzalez-Cortes J.H....Mohamed-Hamsho J.	2018
21	MACULAR HOLE ASSOCIATED WITH TOXOPLASMOSIS: A SURGICAL CASE SERIES. ( 29975259 )	Sousa D.C....Muccioli C.	2018
22	Multiple Free Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Insertion in the Treatment of Macular Hole-Associated Retinal Detachment in High Myopia. ( 29874671 )	Chen S.N....Yang C.M.	2018
23	THE CURRENT SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF LARGE, RECURRENT, OR PERSISTENT MACULAR HOLES. ( 29300247 )	Tam A.L.C....Lam W.C.	2018
24	Vitreoretinal Interface Characteristics in Eyes with Idiopathic Macular Holes: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis. ( 29755819 )	Seyhan Karatepe A....AteA9 Y.	2018
25	Atypical epiretinal tissue in full-thickness macular holes: pathogenic and prognostic significance. ( 29699982 )	Bae K....Kim K.T.	2018
26	SURGICAL OUTCOMES AFTER INVERTED INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE FLAP VERSUS CONVENTIONAL PEELING FOR VERY LARGE MACULAR HOLES. ( 29689027 )	Narayanan R....Apte R.S.	2018
27	Autologous Neurosensory Retinal Transplantation for Unclosed and Large Macular Holes. ( 29788031 )	Ding C....Zeng J.	2018
28	Two cases of repeating recurrences and spontaneous closures of macular holes in vitrectomized eyes. ( 29748866 )	Mori T....Ohji M.	2018
29	Swept-Source OCT Angiography of Full-Thickness Macular Holes: Appearance and Artifacts. ( 29443360 )	Michalewska Z....Nawrocki J.	2018
30	Comparative Evaluation of Standard ILM Peel With Inverted ILM Flap Technique In Large Macular Holes: A Prospective, Randomized Study. ( 29664979 )	Manasa S....Ravani R.	2018
31	Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy complicated with full thickness macular hole: A case report. ( 29879073 )	Kimura D....Ikeda T.	2018
32	Internal limiting membrane flap transposition for surgical repair of macular holes in primary surgery and in persistent macular holes. ( 28967078 )	Leisser C....Findl O.	2017
33	Efficacy of the Perfluoro-N-Octane-Assisted Single-Layered Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Technique for Large Macular Holes. ( 28715813 )	Pak K.Y....Lee J.E.	2017
34	New insights into the pathoanatomy of macular holes based on features of optical coherence tomography. ( 28300548 )	Chung H....Byeon S.H.	2017
35	PREVALENCE OF FOVEOLAR LUCENCY WITH DIFFERENT GAS TAMPONADES IN SURGICALLY CLOSED MACULAR HOLES ASSESSED BY SPECTRAL DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY. ( 28699926 )	Zarranz-Ventura J....Sallam A.A.B.	2017
36	Surgical treatment and optical coherence tomographic evaluation for accidental laser-induced full-thickness macular holes. ( 28282068 )	Qi Y....Liu W.	2017
37	INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING VERSUS INVERTED FLAP TECHNIQUE FOR TREATMENT OF FULL-THICKNESS MACULAR HOLES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN A LARGE SERIES OF PATIENTS. ( 29232338 )	Rizzo S....Giansanti F.	2017
38	Vitrectomy for full-thickness macular hole in adult-onset Coats' disease. ( 29133668 )	Kumar V....Damodaran S.	2017
39	Efficiency of the Hydraulic Centripetal Macular Displacement Technique in the Treatment of Traumatic Full-Thickness Macular Holes. ( 29117069 )	Ruban A....Richard G.	2017
40	Outcome of Full-Thickness Macular Hole Surgery in Choroideremia. ( 28753983 )	Talib M....Boon C.J.F.	2017
41	Internal Limiting Membrane Retracting Door for Myopic Macular Holes. ( 28737535 )	Finn A.P....Mahmoud T.H.	2017
42	EFFICACY OF THE INVERTED INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE FLAP TECHNIQUE WITH VITRECTOMY FOR RETINAL DETACHMENT ASSOCIATED WITH MYOPIC MACULAR HOLES. ( 28225722 )	Baba R....Goto H.	2017
43	Prevalence of anti-retinal antibodies in epiretinal membranes and macular holes. ( 29135070 )	Kunikata H....Nakazawa T.	2017
44	Macular hole in Stargardt disease: Clinical and ultra-structural observation. ( 28121212 )	Rizzo S....Sodi A.	2017
45	Internal Repair of Very Large, Myopic and Recurrent Macular Holes by Creation of a Central Retinal Detachment and Silicone Oil Tamponade. ( 28858063 )	Claes C.C.	2017
46	Current Management of Traumatic Macular Holes. ( 28239490 )	Liu W....Grzybowski A.	2017
47	OCT angiography in idiopathic macular holes, some methodological concerns. ( 28669040 )	Hanhart J.	2017
48	A Case of Unilateral Retinitis Pigmentosa Associated with Full Thickness Macular Hole. ( 28936059 )	Enani L....Abdelkader E.	2017
49	Vitrectomy, Inner Limiting Membrane Peel, and Gas Tamponade in the Management of Traumatic Paediatric Macular Holes: A Case Series of 13 Patients. ( 28768260 )	Brennan N....Ezra E.	2017
50	Idiopathic macular holes and direction of vitreomacular traction: structural changes and surgical outcomes. ( 28731057 )	Tsai C.Y....Yang C.M.	2017

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Genes for Macular Holes

Genes related to Macular Holes (0 elite genes):

(show all 12)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence	PubmedIds
1	TGFB2	Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2	Protein Coding	24.54	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)	9544645 7825689 8956640 (more) 9098285 8129001 8035983 8804755 8259275 1495798 7642336 8510899 9497468 8115729 7785710 9081519 7852702
2	SERPINF1	Serpin Family F Member 1	Protein Coding	21.33	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)	20072643 12208245
3	ANGPT2	Angiopoietin 2	Protein Coding	19.28	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)	15774928
4	PTGDS	Prostaglandin D2 Synthase	Protein Coding	18.51	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)	16531280
5	MIF	Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor	Protein Coding	17.52	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)	10612518 10837392 11673308
6	LHFPL5	LHFPL Tetraspan Subfamily Member 5	Protein Coding	16.76	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)
7	ALOX5AP	Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein	Protein Coding	16.75	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)
8	ADM	Adrenomedullin	Protein Coding	16.61	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ Novoseek inferred ⁵⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)	10612519 12566874
9	KCNMA1	Potassium Calcium-Activated Channel Subfamily M Alpha 1	Protein Coding	16.52	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)
10	VEGFA	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A	Protein Coding	16.37	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)
11	CCL2	C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2	Protein Coding	15.36	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)
12	CXCL8	C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8	Protein Coding	15.23	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : DISEASES inferred (show sections)

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Variations for Macular Holes

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Expression for Macular Holes

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Macular Holes.

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Pathways for Macular Holes

Pathways related to Macular Holes according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 14)

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+ ⁶⁶ Show member pathways Disinhibition of SNARE formation ⁶⁶ Hemostasis ⁶⁶ Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation ⁶⁶ Platelet degranulation ⁶⁶	13.01	ANGPT2 KCNMA1 MIF TGFB2 VEGFA
2	Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection ³⁷ Show member pathways Hepatitis B ³⁷	12.19	ANGPT2 CXCL8 TGFB2 VEGFA
3	Immune response IFN gamma signaling pathway ²² Show member pathways IFN-gamma pathway ¹	11.77	ANGPT2 CCL2 CXCL8 TGFB2
4	Spinal Cord Injury ¹	11.69	CCL2 CXCL8 MIF
5	Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling ⁶⁶	11.64	CCL2 CXCL8 VEGFA
6	Angiogenesis (CST) ⁴	11.45	ANGPT2 CCL2 TGFB2
7	AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications ³⁷	11.25	CCL2 CXCL8 TGFB2 VEGFA
8	Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling ¹ Show member pathways Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation ²²	11.23	CXCL8 MIF VEGFA
9	Photodynamic therapy-induced HIF-1 survival signaling ¹	11.09	ANGPT2 VEGFA
10	Validated transcriptional targets of AP1 family members Fra1 and Fra2 ¹	11.04	CCL2 CXCL8
11	Malaria ³⁷	11.02	CCL2 CXCL8 TGFB2
12	Rheumatoid arthritis ³⁷	10.88	CCL2 CXCL8 TGFB2 VEGFA
13	Eicosanoid Synthesis ¹	10.87	ALOX5AP PTGDS
14	Immune response_Oncostatin M signaling via JAK-Stat in human cells ²²	10.76	CCL2 VEGFA

Sources

GO Terms for Macular Holes

Cellular components related to Macular Holes according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	extracellular region	GO:0005576	9.61	ADM ANGPT2 CCL2 CXCL8 MIF PTGDS
2	extracellular space	GO:0005615	9.28	ADM ANGPT2 CCL2 CXCL8 MIF PTGDS

Biological processes related to Macular Holes according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 14)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	negative regulation of angiogenesis	GO:0016525	9.63	ANGPT2 SERPINF1 TGFB2
2	negative regulation of gene expression	GO:0010629	9.62	MIF SERPINF1 TGFB2 VEGFA
3	kidney development	GO:0001822	9.61	SERPINF1 TGFB2 VEGFA
4	positive regulation of angiogenesis	GO:0045766	9.56	ADM ANGPT2 CXCL8 VEGFA
5	angiogenesis	GO:0001525	9.55	ANGPT2 CCL2 CXCL8 TGFB2 VEGFA
6	cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus	GO:0044344	9.54	CCL2 CXCL8
7	neutrophil chemotaxis	GO:0030593	9.54	CCL2 CXCL8 TGFB2
8	protein homotrimerization	GO:0070207	9.52	ALOX5AP MIF
9	embryonic digestive tract development	GO:0048566	9.51	CXCL8 TGFB2
10	prostaglandin biosynthetic process	GO:0001516	9.49	MIF PTGDS
11	induction of positive chemotaxis	GO:0050930	9.48	CXCL8 VEGFA
12	regulation of signaling receptor activity	GO:0010469	9.43	ADM CCL2 CXCL8 MIF TGFB2 VEGFA
13	PERK-mediated unfolded protein response	GO:0036499	9.4	CCL2 CXCL8
14	response to hypoxia	GO:0001666	9.02	ADM ANGPT2 KCNMA1 TGFB2 VEGFA

Molecular functions related to Macular Holes according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	signaling receptor binding	GO:0005102	9.35	ADM ANGPT2 CCL2 MIF TGFB2
2	chemoattractant activity	GO:0042056	9.16	MIF VEGFA
3	cytokine activity	GO:0005125	9.02	CCL2 CXCL8 MIF TGFB2 VEGFA

Sources

Sources for Macular Holes

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

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¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

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¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ ExPASy

¹⁸ FDA Approved Drugs

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GeneAnalytics

²¹ GeneCards

²² GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²³ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁴ GeneReviews

²⁵ Genetics Home Reference

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HGMD

³¹ HMDB

³² HPO

³³ ICD10

³⁴ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁵ ICD9CM

³⁶ IUPHAR

³⁷ KEGG

³⁸ LifeMap

³⁹ LncRNADisease

⁴⁰ LOVD

⁴¹ MalaCards

⁴² MedGen

⁴³ MedlinePlus

⁴⁴ MeSH

⁴⁵ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁶ MGI

⁴⁷ miR2Disease

⁴⁸ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁹ NCI

⁵⁰ NCIt

⁵¹ NDF-RT

⁵² NIH Clinical Center

⁵³ NIH Rare Diseases

⁵⁴ NINDS

⁵⁵ Novoseek

⁵⁶ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁷ OMIM

⁵⁸ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁹ Orphanet

⁶⁰ PathCards

⁶¹ PharmGKB

⁶² PubMed

⁶³ PubMed Health

⁶⁴ QIAGEN

⁶⁵ R&D Systems

⁶⁶ Reactome

⁶⁷ Sino Biological

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁹ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁷⁰ SNOMED-CT via Orphanet

⁷¹ TGDB

⁷² Tocris

⁷³ UMLS

⁷⁴ UMLS via Orphanet

⁷⁵ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁶ Wikipedia