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MCID: MCL003
MIFTS: 44

Macular Holes

Categories: Eye diseases, Neuronal diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Macular Holes

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Macular Holes:

Name: Macular Holes 12 54 15 17 70
Macular Hole 12 15

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases Eye diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:7633
MeSH 44 D012167
NCIt 50 C34795
SNOMED-CT 67 193388002
UMLS 70 C0024441
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Summaries for Macular Holes

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MalaCards based summary : Macular Holes, also known as macular hole, is related to vitreous detachment and myopia. An important gene associated with Macular Holes is TGFB2 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Immune response IL-23 signaling pathway and Amoebiasis. The drugs Fentanyl and Midazolam have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include eye, retina and endothelial, and related phenotypes are immune system and vision/eye

Wikipedia : 73 A macular hole is a small break in the macula, located in the center of the eye's light-sensitive tissue... more...

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Related Diseases for Macular Holes

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Diseases related to Macular Holes via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 267)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 vitreous detachment 31.0 VEGFA PLG OPTC FN1
2 myopia 30.8 VEGFA TGFB2 SERPINF1 OPTC CRYAA
3 retinal detachment 30.8 VEGFA TGFB2 SERPINF1 RS1 CXCL8 CCL2
4 microvascular complications of diabetes 5 30.6 VEGFA TGFB2 SERPINF1 PLG CRYAA ANGPT2
5 kuhnt-junius degeneration 30.4 VEGFA SERPINF1 PLG CRYAA ANGPT2
6 macular retinal edema 30.3 VEGFA SERPINF1 CXCL8 CRYAA CCL2
7 diabetic macular edema 30.3 VEGFA SERPINF1 CCL2
8 gyrate atrophy of choroid and retina 30.3 RS1 RPE65 RLBP1
9 branch retinal artery occlusion 30.2 VEGFA PLG CRYAA
10 central retinal artery occlusion 30.2 VEGFA PLG CRYAA
11 retinal disease 30.2 RS1 RPE65 RLBP1 OPTC CRYAA
12 cataract 30.1 VEGFA TGFB2 SERPINF1 FN1 CXCL8 CRYAA
13 retinal vein occlusion 30.1 VEGFA SERPINF1 CXCL8 CCL2 ANGPT2
14 intraocular pressure quantitative trait locus 30.1 VEGFA TGFB2 SERPINF1 CRYAA
15 exudative vitreoretinopathy 1 30.0 VEGFA SERPINF1 CRYAA ANGPT2
16 endophthalmitis 30.0 VEGFA PLG CXCL8 CRYAA
17 vitreous syneresis 30.0 RS1 OPTC
18 ocular hypertension 30.0 TGFB2 RLBP1 CRYAA
19 keratitis, hereditary 29.8 VEGFA MIF CXCL8 CRYAA
20 open-angle glaucoma 29.8 VEGFA TGFB2 OPTC CRYAA
21 uveitis 29.8 TGFB2 SERPINF1 CXCL8 CRYAA CCL2
22 preretinal fibrosis 29.7 VEGFA TGFB2 RLBP1 FN1 ANGPT2
23 retinal degeneration 29.7 SERPINF1 RS1 RPE65 RLBP1 CRYAA
24 neuritis 29.6 VEGFA MIF CXCL8 CCL2
25 retinal artery occlusion 29.4 VEGFA PLG CXCL8 CRYAA CCL2
26 melanoma, uveal 29.4 VEGFA TGFB2 PLG MIR93 MIR9-1 CRYAA
27 vitreoretinopathy, neovascular inflammatory 29.3 VEGFA TGFB2 RPE65 RLBP1 FN1 CRYAA
28 microvascular complications of diabetes 1 29.0 VEGFA TGFB2 SERPINF1 MIF FN1 CXCL8
29 neovascular glaucoma 29.0 VEGFA TGFB2 RS1 PLG CXCL8 CRYAA
30 retinal vascular occlusion 28.6 VEGFA SERPINF1 PLG OPTC CXCL8 CRYAA
31 retinitis pigmentosa 28.6 VEGFA SERPINF1 RS1 RPE65 RLBP1 FN1
32 retinal perforation 28.5 VEGFA RS1 RPE65 RLBP1 PLG OPTC
33 retinal vascular disease 28.5 VEGFA SERPINF1 PLG FN1 CXCL8 CRYAA
34 eye disease 28.1 VEGFA TGFB2 SERPINF1 RS1 RPE65 RLBP1
35 macular degeneration, age-related, 1 28.0 VEGFA TGFB2 SERPINF1 RS1 RPE65 RLBP1
36 scotoma 10.6
37 retinoschisis 1, x-linked, juvenile 10.5
38 coats disease 10.4
39 microvascular complications of diabetes 2 10.3
40 refractive error 10.3
41 lipodermatosclerosis 10.3 VEGFA ANGPT2
42 epithelioid cell melanoma 10.3 MIR93 MIR9-1 MIR374A
43 bullous retinoschisis 10.3 VEGFA RS1
44 exudative vitreoretinopathy 10.2
45 suppression amblyopia 10.2
46 amblyopia 10.2
47 cat-scratch disease 10.2
48 rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma 10.2
49 neuroretinitis 10.2
50 retinitis 10.2

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Macular Holes:



Diseases related to Macular Holes
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Macular Holes

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Macular Holes:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 immune system MP:0005387 9.73 ADM ALOX5AP ANGPT2 CCL2 FN1 MIF
2 vision/eye MP:0005391 9.28 ANGPT2 OPTC PLG RLBP1 RPE65 RS1
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Macular Holes

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Drugs for Macular Holes (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 60)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Fentanyl Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 437-38-7 3345
2
Midazolam Approved, Illicit Phase 4 59467-70-8 4192
3
Triazolam Approved, Investigational Phase 4 28911-01-5 5556
4
Lidocaine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 137-58-6 3676
5
Propofol Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 2078-54-8 4943
6
Bupivacaine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 38396-39-3, 2180-92-9 2474
7 Anesthetics Phase 4
8 Hypnotics and Sedatives Phase 4
9 Proxymetacaine Phase 4
10
Dinoprostone Approved Phase 3 363-24-6 5280360
11
Nepafenac Approved, Investigational Phase 3 78281-72-8 151075
12
Diclofenac Approved, Vet_approved Phase 3 15307-86-5 3033
13
Hyaluronic acid Approved, Vet_approved Phase 3 9004-61-9 53477741
14
Indomethacin Approved, Investigational Phase 3 53-86-1 3715
15
Bromfenac Approved Phase 3 91714-94-2 60726
16 Pharmaceutical Solutions Phase 3
17 Antirheumatic Agents Phase 3
18 Ophthalmic Solutions Phase 3
19 Lubricant Eye Drops Phase 3
20 Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal Phase 3
21 Anti-Inflammatory Agents Phase 3
22 Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors Phase 3
23 Tocolytic Agents Phase 3
24 Analgesics, Non-Narcotic Phase 3
25 Analgesics Phase 3
26 Fibrinolytic Agents Phase 2
27 Plasminogen Phase 2
28
Dexamethasone acetate Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 1 1177-87-3
29
Dexamethasone Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 1 50-02-2 5743
30 Hormones Phase 1
31 Gastrointestinal Agents Phase 1
32 Dexamethasone 21-phosphate Phase 1
33 Antiemetics Phase 1
34 Hormone Antagonists Phase 1
35 glucocorticoids Phase 1
36 Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal Phase 1
37
tannic acid Approved 1401-55-4
38
Dipivefrin Approved 52365-63-6 3105
39
Benzocaine Approved, Investigational 1994-09-7, 94-09-7 2337
40
Triamcinolone Approved, Vet_approved 124-94-7 31307
41
Dorzolamide Approved 120279-96-1 3154 5284549
42
Timolol Approved 26839-75-8 33624 5478
43
Temazepam Approved, Investigational 846-50-4 5391
44
Vitamin A Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved 68-26-8, 11103-57-4 445354
45 Triamcinolone diacetate
46 Triamcinolone hexacetonide
47 triamcinolone acetonide
48 Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
49 Adrenergic Antagonists
50 Adrenergic beta-Antagonists

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 96)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Comparison of Two Intraocular Gas Injection Techniques in Macula Hole Surgery Completed NCT04527848 Phase 4 small amount of undiluted C3F8
2 A Randomized, Comparative, Prospective Study of Anatomical Outcomes With Different Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling Area in Surgery for Idiopathic Macular Hole Completed NCT02930369 Phase 4
3 A Randomized, Double-masked, Multicenter, Controlled Study of Effects of Internal Membrane Peeling Surgery in Patients With Idiopathic Macular Hole Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography. Recruiting NCT02905409 Phase 4
4 Comparative Analysis of Oral Sedation Versus Standard Intravenous Sedation in Vitreoretinal Surgery With Topical Anesthesia and Sub-tenon's Block Not yet recruiting NCT04346095 Phase 4 Oral Sedatives with or Without Analgesia;Intravenous Sedatives with or Without Analgesia
5 A Randomized Study Comparing Brilliant Blue and Indocyanine Green as Intravitreal Dye in Macular Pucker and Macular Hole Unknown status NCT01083004 Phase 3
6 Safety and Efficacy of Double Staining With Brilliant Blue G for Macular Surgery Unknown status NCT01820520 Phase 3 brilliant blue G
7 Vitreous pge2 Level Changes After Topical Administration of Diclofenac 0.1%, Nepafenac 0.3%, Indomethacin 0.5% and Bromfenac 0.09% in Vitrectomy Patients Completed NCT03597867 Phase 3 Dicloftil;Nevanac;Indom;Yellox
8 A Randomized, Sham-controlled, Double-masked, Multicenter Study Evaluating Ocriplasmin Treatment for Symptomatic Vitreomacular Adhesion Including Macular Hole Completed NCT01429441 Phase 3 Ocriplasmin
9 A Dose-escalation Clinical Trial of Intravitreal Microplasmin in Patients Undergoing Surgical Vitrectomy for Vitreomacular Traction Maculopathy Completed NCT00123279 Phase 2 Microplasmin
10 A Prospective, Multi-Center, Single-Dose, Phase 1 Clinical Trial Designed to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics of Dexamethasone Phosphate Ophthalmic Solution Delivered Via the EyeGate® II Drug Delivery System in Patients Undergoing Vitrectomy for Macular Hole Repair or Epiretinal Membrane Peeling Completed NCT02644694 Phase 1 Dexamethasone Phosphate Ophthalmic Solution
11 Randomized Clinical Trials to Compare the Healing Process of Idiopathic Macular Hole With Different Surgical Techniques Unknown status NCT03888625
12 Early Vitrectomy for Impending Macular Hole. Multicenter Clinical Trial Unknown status NCT01121965
13 Surgical Inverted ILM Repositioning as Autologous Dressing for Idiopathic Full Thickness Macular Holes Treatment Unknown status NCT01228188
14 The Intravitreal Autologous Platelet Concentrate Injection as an Adjunct of Vitrectomy for the Treatment of Refractory Macular Holes Unknown status NCT02081170
15 Macular Hole Surgery With and Without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling：A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Unknown status NCT01687829
16 Clinical Research on the Effect of Different Extents of Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling on Macular Hole Closure and Visual Acuity Unknown status NCT03805763
17 A Single Center, Randomized and Controlled Clinical Study of Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Insertion Combined With Air Tamponade in the Treatment of Macular Hole Retinal Detachment in High Myopia Unknown status NCT03383731
18 Evaluation Use Optical Coherence Tomography - Rescan During Dissection of Macular Membranes : Pre and Post Operative Aspects Unknown status NCT02748421
19 Comparison of Postoperative Aqueous Flare After 20G Versus 23G Pars Plana Vitrectomy Unknown status NCT01969929
20 Morphology of Internal Limiting Membrane Peeled on Macular Hole Surgery Unknown status NCT03799575
21 Dissociated Optic Nerve Fiber Layer Appearance and Retinal Sensitivity After Macular Hole Surgery With Temporal Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Technique Unknown status NCT03287102
22 Comparing the Surgical Outcomes of Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling-reposition Versus Peeling in Idiopathic Macular Holes: A Randomized Controlled Trial Completed NCT03020459 Brilliant Blue G
23 Characteristics and Limitations of Intraoperative OCT Supported Membrane Peeling in Macular Diseases Completed NCT02683694
24 Incidence and Factors Related to Macular Hole Reopening Completed NCT00927628
25 Transposition of Internal Limiting Membrane in the Treatment of Macular Holes. A Descriptive Pilot Study Completed NCT02946372
26 The Application of M-charts and Microperimetry for the Assessment of Visual Function in Patients After Vitrectomy Due to the Full Thickness Macular Hole. Completed NCT03701542
27 Correlation Between Visual Acuity and Recovery of Foveal Cone Microstructures After Macular Hole Surgery Completed NCT01306487
28 Inflammasomes in Cell Death in Macular Hole, Epiretinal Membrane, and Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Completed NCT03332758
29 Pneumatic Retinopexy Versus Vitrectomy With Gas for Retinal Detachment Due to Myopic Macular Hole Completed NCT00485199
30 Internal Limiting Membrane Flaps for Coexistent Macular Hole and Retinal Detachment in Eyes of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Completed NCT03618498
31 Evaluation of Retinal Microstructure Detected With Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography During Vitrectomy Completed NCT03244007
32 Primary Vitrectomy for the Treatment of Retinal Detachment in Highly Myopic Completed NCT01480505
33 Measurement and Logging of Posturing Adherence of Patients After Intraocular Surgery With Gasendotamponades Using a Sensorsystem With Different Feedback-Methods Completed NCT02336334
34 Macular Hole After Diabetic Vitrectomy Completed NCT03525899
35 Extent of Internal Limiting Membrane Removal and Its Impact on Outcomes of Macular Hole Surgery Completed NCT02010138
36 Infracyanine Green vs Brilliant Blue G in Inverted Flap Surgery for Medium to Large Macular Holes: A Swept Source OCT Analysis. Completed NCT03946267
37 Evaluation of the Success Rate of a Procedure Without Strict Positioning Post Surgical Versus With Positioning Face Towards the Strict Ground, at Patients Presenting a Macular Hole. Study of Non-Inferiority. Completed NCT00190164
38 Full Thickness Macular Hole and Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling Study: Randomised Comparison of Macular Hole Surgery With or Without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling Completed NCT00286507
39 Human Amniotic Membrane Plug for Large Macular Holes Completed NCT03917602
40 A Randomised Clinical Trial of Prognostic Factors and Surgical Methods for the Treatment of Idiopathic Macular Holes Completed NCT00302328
41 Outcome of Surgery for Idiopathic Macular Holes Completed NCT02895594
42 Foveal Cone Outer Segment Resumption to Predict Visual Recovery After Macular Hole Surgery Completed NCT01381965
43 Comparison of Vitrectomy Without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling Versus Inverted ILM Flap Technique for Macular Hole Retinal Detachment in Highly Myopic Eyes Completed NCT04011007
44 Membranepeeling With Brillant Blue Versus Membranepeeling With Indocyanine Green for Patients With Idiopathic Macular Holes. Completed NCT00757471
45 Study of the Anatomic and Visual Outcomes in Patients With Initially Closed Macular Holes After Vitreoretinal Surgery Completed NCT01229657
46 Air Tamponade in Macular Holes < 400 μm Completed NCT02028481
47 Preoperative Progression of Macular Holes Using Optical Coherence Tomography Completed NCT02203929
48 A Randomized Clinical Trial of Face-down Protocol Versus Non-face-down Protocol After Surgery for Macular Holes. Completed NCT01974310
49 Displacement of the Retina After Idiopathic Macular Hole Surgery With Different Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling Patterns Completed NCT04655781
50 Classification of Retinal Diseases by Artificial Intelligence Completed NCT04678375

Search NIH Clinical Center for Macular Holes

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Genetic Tests for Macular Holes

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Anatomical Context for Macular Holes

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Macular Holes:

40
Eye, Retina, Endothelial, Whole Blood, Cortex, Bone, Breast
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Publications for Macular Holes

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Articles related to Macular Holes:

(show top 50) (show all 4651)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Ratio of the vitreous vascular endothelial growth factor and pigment epithelial-derived factor in Eales disease. 61 54
20072643 2009
2
Differential expression of vitreous proteins in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. 61 54
16531280 2006
3
Angiopoietin concentrations in diabetic retinopathy. 54 61
15774928 2005
4
Elevated adrenomedullin in the vitreous of patients with diabetic retinopathy. 54 61
12566874 2003
5
Unbalanced vitreous levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in diabetic retinopathy. 61 54
12208245 2002
6
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in ocular fluids of patients with uveitis. 61 54
11673308 2001
7
Intravitreal invading cells contribute to vitreal cytokine milieu in proliferative vitreoretinopathy. 54 61
11264138 2001
8
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. 61 54
10837392 2000
9
Elevated adrenomedullin in the vitreous of patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. 54 61
10612519 1999
10
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels in the vitreous of patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. 61 54
10612518 1999
11
Comparison of recombinant transforming growth factor-beta-2 and placebo as an adjunctive agent for macular hole surgery. 61 54
9544645 1998
12
Surgical management of macular holes: results using gas tamponade alone, or in combination with autologous platelet concentrate, or transforming growth factor beta 2. 61 54
9497468 1997
13
[Surgical management of complete macular foramina]. 61 54
9081519 1996
14
Clinicopathologic correlation of an untreated macular hole and a macular hole treated by vitrectomy, transforming growth factor-beta 2, and gas tamponade. 61 54
8956640 1996
15
Closure of persistent macular holes with human recombinant transforming growth factor-beta 2. 54 61
8804755 1996
16
Vitrectomy, fluid-gas exchange and transforming growth factor--beta-2 for the treatment of traumatic macular holes. 54 61
9098285 1995
17
Progression of nuclear sclerosis and long-term visual results of vitrectomy with transforming growth factor beta-2 for macular holes. 54 61
7785710 1995
18
Progression of nuclear sclerosis and long-term visual results of vitrectomy with transforming growth factor beta-2 for macular holes. 61 54
7825689 1995
19
Idiopathic macular hole: a clinical review and current concepts in the diagnosis and management. 61 54
7852702 1994
20
Effects of intraocular bubble duration in the treatment of macular holes by vitrectomy and transforming growth factor-beta 2. 54 61
8035983 1994
21
Fluorescein angiographic characteristics of macular holes before and after vitrectomy with transforming growth factor beta-2. 61 54
8129001 1994
22
Full-thickness macular holes treated with vitrectomy and tissue glue. 54 61
7642336 1994
23
Retreatment of full-thickness macular holes persisting after prior vitrectomy. A pilot study. 61 54
8259275 1993
24
The effect of pars plana vitrectomy and transforming growth factor-beta 2 without epiretinal membrane peeling on full-thickness macular holes. 61 54
8510899 1993
25
Transforming growth factor-beta 2 significantly enhances the ability to flatten the rim of subretinal fluid surrounding macular holes. Preliminary anatomic results of a multicenter prospective randomized study. 61 54
8115729 1993
26
Transforming growth factor-beta 2 for the treatment of full-thickness macular holes. A prospective randomized study. 61 54
1495798 1992
27
Evolution of macular hole in enhanced S-cone syndrome. 61
32815098 2021
28
[Long-term functional and anatomical effects after macular hole surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling]. 61
33622547 2021
29
LONG-TERM SURGICAL OUTCOMES OF LENS CAPSULAR FLAP TRANSPLANTATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF REFRACTORY MACULAR HOLE. 61
32732611 2021
30
HUMAN AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE TO TREAT MACULAR HOLES THAT FAILED TO CLOSE, SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE ENDOTAMPONADE VERSUS AIR ENDOTAMPONADE: A Prospective Comparative Study. 61
32697444 2021
31
Anatomical and functional outcomes one year after vitrectomy and retinal massage for large macular holes. 61
33727455 2021
32
Anatomical and Functional Outcomes in Eyes with Idiopathic Macular Holes that Underwent Surgery Using the Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane (ILM) Flap Technique Versus the Conventional ILM Peeling Technique. 61
33689136 2021
33
Vitrectomy for full thickness macular hole developed during the course of anti-VEGF treatment of type 1 neovascular AMD. 61
33740870 2021
34
Surgical treatment of macular holes with and without the use of autologous platelet-rich plasma. 61
33392943 2021
35
Choroidal thickness in lamellar macular holes. 61
32944817 2021
36
MULTIMODAL IMAGING IN A CASE OF CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION IN THE PRESENCE OF TYPE 2 MACULAR TELANGIECTASIA. 61
29905668 2021
37
Closure of macular hole secondary to ischemic hemi-central retinal vein occlusion by retinal photocoagulation and topical anti-inflammatory treatment. 61
32827075 2021
38
Modified surgical technique for lamellar macular holes with lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP). 61
33730313 2021
39
[Retinal imaging of vitreomacular traction diseases]. 61
33471179 2021
40
Long-term follow up of en face optical coherence tomography of the inner retinal surface following internal limiting membrane peeling for idiopathic macular holes. 61
33200392 2021
41
[Large macular hole-Always a poor prognosis?] 61
32666171 2021
42
[Biomarkers in full-thickness and lamellar defects of the macula]. 61
33646383 2021
43
Vitrectomy for laser-induced full-thickness macular hole. 61
33714272 2021
44
COMBINED INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE FLAP AND AUTOLOGOUS PLASMA CONCENTRATE TO CLOSE A LARGE TRAUMATIC MACULAR HOLE IN A PEDIATRIC PATIENT. 61
29979253 2021
45
Characteristics of Preferred Retinal Locus in Eyes with Central Vision Loss Secondary to Different Macular Lesions. 61
33764273 2021
46
Nasal or Temporal Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Assisted by Sub-Perfluorocarbon Viscoelastic Injection for Macular Hole Repair. 61
32950511 2021
47
Ultrastructural study of closed macular hole- preliminary application of a novel high magnification module combining with OCT. 61
33752629 2021
48
iOCT-assisted macular hole surgery: outcomes and utility from the DISCOVER study. 61
32376609 2021
49
Full Thickness Macular Hole Size by Hypertransmission Signal on Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography. 61
33675334 2021
50
MACULAR HOLE ASSOCIATED WITH TOXOPLASMOSIS: A SURGICAL CASE SERIES. 61
29975259 2021
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Variations for Macular Holes

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Expression for Macular Holes

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Macular Holes.
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Pathways for Macular Holes

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Pathways related to Macular Holes according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 11)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Immune response IL-23 signaling pathway 23
Show member pathways
 12.25 RS1 PLG FN1 CCL2 ANGPT2
2
Amoebiasis 36
11.68 TGFB2 FN1 CXCL8
3
Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling 65
11.61 VEGFA FN1 CXCL8 CCL2
4
Angiogenesis (CST) 4
11.58 TGFB2 CCL2 ANGPT2
5
Rheumatoid arthritis 36
11.43 VEGFA TGFB2 CXCL8 CCL2
6
Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling 1
Show member pathways
 11.41 VEGFA MIF CXCL8
7
Cell adhesion_ECM remodeling 23
11.37 PLG FN1 CXCL8
8
Malaria 36
11.24 TGFB2 CXCL8 CCL2
9
AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications 36
11.02 VEGFA TGFB2 FN1 CXCL8 CCL2
10
Cell adhesion_Plasmin signaling 23
10.95 VEGFA TGFB2 PLG FN1
11
G-protein signaling_Rap2B regulation pathway 23
10.78 TGFB2 FN1 CXCL8 CCL2 ANGPT2
Sources

GO Terms for Macular Holes

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Cellular components related to Macular Holes according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular region GO:0005576 9.77 VEGFA TGFB2 SERPINF1 RS1 PTGDS PLG
2 collagen-containing extracellular matrix GO:0062023 9.65 TGFB2 SERPINF1 PLG FN1 ANGPT2
3 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.47 VEGFA TGFB2 SERPINF1 RS1 PTGDS PLG
4 platelet alpha granule lumen GO:0031093 9.46 VEGFA TGFB2 PLG FN1

Biological processes related to Macular Holes according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 16)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 visual perception GO:0007601 9.76 RS1 RPE65 RLBP1 CRYAA
2 positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling GO:0014068 9.71 VEGFA TGFB2 FN1
3 response to hypoxia GO:0001666 9.71 VEGFA TGFB2 ANGPT2 ADM
4 neutrophil chemotaxis GO:0030593 9.69 TGFB2 CXCL8 CCL2
5 response to wounding GO:0009611 9.65 TGFB2 FN1 ADM
6 positive regulation of angiogenesis GO:0045766 9.62 VEGFA CXCL8 ANGPT2 ADM
7 protein homotrimerization GO:0070207 9.56 MIF ALOX5AP
8 platelet degranulation GO:0002576 9.56 VEGFA TGFB2 PLG FN1
9 induction of positive chemotaxis GO:0050930 9.55 VEGFA CXCL8
10 angiogenesis GO:0001525 9.55 VEGFA FN1 CXCL8 CCL2 ANGPT2
11 PERK-mediated unfolded protein response GO:0036499 9.52 CXCL8 CCL2
12 negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin GO:2000048 9.49 VEGFA PLG
13 vitamin A metabolic process GO:0006776 9.43 RPE65 RLBP1
14 negative regulation of cell proliferation GO:0008285 9.43 TGFB2 PLG MIR93 MIR9-1 CXCL8 ADM
15 interaction with symbiont GO:0051702 9.37 PLG FN1
16 negative regulation of gene expression GO:0010629 9.1 VEGFA TGFB2 SERPINF1 MIR93 MIF CXCL8

Molecular functions related to Macular Holes according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cytokine activity GO:0005125 9.35 VEGFA TGFB2 MIF CXCL8 CCL2
2 signaling receptor binding GO:0005102 9.1 TGFB2 PLG FN1 CCL2 ANGPT2 ADM
Sources

Sources for Macular Holes

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
20 GARD
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 20-May-2021)
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 Tocris
70 UMLS
71 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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